专题01 一般将来时&一般过去时-【简语法-暑假自习课】2026-2027学年八年级英语上册语法复习 重难点逐项突破（新教材译林版）

暑假 · 重难点突破 专题01一般将来时&一般过去时 新八年级英语（新教材译林版） 1. 熟悉“一般将来时&一般过去时”用法 2. 掌握“一般将来时&一般过去时”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“一般将来时&一般过去时”真题 模块一：一般将来时（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. 两种核心结构 ① will + 动词原形：客观预测、临时决定 ② am/is/are going to do：提前计划、有迹象的预判 单选、语法填空、写作 混淆两种结构场景；be 动词匹配出错 2. 肯否疑问句式 肯定：主语 will do /be going to do 否定：will not (won’t) /be not going to 疑问：Will + 主语？ / Be + 主语 going to…？ 句型转换 疑问句漏提前 will/be；否定位置写错 3. 用法区分 be going to：事先安排、眼前迹象 will：无计划临时想法、客观推测 情景交际 看到计划表一律用 be going to 配套例句（附汉语翻译） 1. I am going to visit my uncle this weekend.（计划）这周末我打算去看望叔叔。 2. It will rain tomorrow.（客观预测）明天会下雨。 3. Look! The clouds are dark. It’s going to rain.（有迹象）看，乌云密布，马上要下雨了。 模块二：一般将来时（学习目标 2：解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 定时态标志 tomorrow, next…, in + 将来年份 / 时段 将来时间词锁定将来时 in ten days 用 will /be going to 2. 区分 will 与 be going to 有计划安排用 be going to；临时随口决定用 will 句中有 plan/arrange 优先 going to 看到 look/there be 迹象用 be going to 3. 句式变形技巧 变疑问把 will/be 提前；否定直接加 not will 后动词永远原形 be 随主语 I/he/they 变换 am/is/are 模块三：一般过去时（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. 动词变形规则 规则：一般 + ed；e 只 + d；辅 y 变 i+ed；重读辅元辅双写 + ed 不规则：无固定规则，单独记忆（go-went 等） 语法填空、改写 不规则过去式记混；漏写 ed 2. 肯否疑问结构 肯定：主语 + 过去式 否定：主语 didn’t + 动词原形 疑问：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 句型转换 did 出现后动词忘记还原原形 3. 过去时间标志 yesterday, …ago, last…, just now, in + 过去年份 根据时间定时态 every 等现在标志误用过去式 配套例句（附汉语翻译） 1. He walked to school yesterday.（规则）他昨天步行上学。 2. I went to Beijing last summer.（不规则）去年夏天我去了北京。 3. Did you watch the movie last night? 你昨晚看电影了吗？ 模块四：一般过去时（学习目标 2：解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 识别过去标志 yesterday/ago/last/in 过去年份，直接定过去时 动作已完成、和现在无关 有过去时间动词必变过去式 2. 区分规则不规则 看到动词原形先回忆变形，特殊词单独背诵 试卷高频不规则：go-went, eat-ate 完形常考不规则变形 3. 否定疑问规则 只要出现 did/didn’t，后面动词全部变回原形 did 后加 ed 永久错误 模块五：两大时态综合辨析 辨析 一般将来时 一般过去时 通用口诀 时间视角 站在现在看之后 站在现在看之前 将来 will/going to，过去动词变 ed 动词形式 will do / be going to do 动词过去式 did 出现动词还原；计划用 going to 典型标志 next, tomorrow, in 将来 yesterday, ago, last 一、单项选择题（15 小题） 1. I ______ a trip with my family next month. I’ve bought tickets already. A. will take B. am going to take C. take D. took 2. He ______ to the park three days ago. A. goes B. will go C. went D. is going to go 3. —Our team will play tomorrow. —I believe we ______ win the game. A. are going to B. won’t C. will D. were 4. She ______ TV last night because she was busy. A. doesn’t watch B. won’t watch C. didn’t watch D. isn’t watching 5. Look at the dark clouds. It ______ soon. A. will rain B. is going to rain C. rains D. rained 6. ______ you visit your grandpa last weekend? A. Will B. Are C. Did D. Do 7. —Don’t worry. I ______ help you carry the box. A. am going to B. will C. was D. am 8. My mother ______ a cake for me yesterday afternoon. A. make B. makes C. will make D. made 9. We ______ have a math test next Monday. The teacher told us. A. will B. are going to C. were going to D. did 10. They ______ basketball just now. A. play B. played C. will play D. are playing 11. —What ______ you ______ do during the holiday? —I plan to climb mountains. A. will; / B. are; going to C. did; / D. do; going to 12. He ______ up late this morning, so he was late for school. A. get B. gets C. got D. will get 13. I think our school ______ a new library in two years. A. builds B. built C. will build D. is building 14. ______ you ______ to join us tomorrow? A. Will; come B. Did; come C. Are; come D. Do; come 15. The little girl ______ ice cream yesterday. A. eat B. eats C. will eat D. ate 二、单句语法填空（15 小题，用括号内词适当形式填空） 1. We ________ (visit) the museum next Sunday. We make a plan. 2. He ________ (walk) to school yesterday. 3. I ________ (help) you with your homework later. 4. They ________ (not play) games last night. 5. Look! The bus ________ (come). 6. ________ you ________ (see) the film last week? 7. My sister ________ (study) harder next term. She decides it. 8. She ________ (buy) a new pen three days ago. 9. I think it ________ (rain) this afternoon. 10. We ________ (have) dinner at six yesterday evening. 11. ________ your father ________ (take) you to the zoo tomorrow? 12. He ________ (not watch) TV last Sunday. 13. They ________ (plant) trees next spring. The school orders it. 14. My brother ________ (sleep) late this morning. 15. Something great ________ (happen) soon, I believe. 三、语法选择 Long long ago, there 1 a wise man named Zhuge Liang. Liu Bei, a kind official, heard about his wisdom and decided 2 for his help. At first, Liu Bei and his two brothers, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, went to Zhuge Liang’s home. But Zhuge Liang wasn’t there, so they had to go away. A few days 3 , they went again. It was snowing 4 . They hoped to meet Zhuge Liang this time, but he still wasn’t at home. Zhang Fei 5 angry and wanted to break the door, but Liu Bei stopped him. Finally, they went for the 6 time. This time, Zhuge Liang was sleeping. Liu Bei waited outside 7 a long time. 8 Zhuge Liang woke up, Liu Bei told him about 9 plans to end the war. Zhuge Liang was moved by Liu Bei’s words deeply. He agreed with Liu Bei and helped him. With Zhuge Liang’s help, Liu Bei succeeded in 10 others. Their story is famous in Chinese history. 1．A．was B．were C．is 2．A．ask B．to ask C．asking 3．A．later B．late C．ago 4．A．heavily B．heavier C．heavy 5．A．grow B．grows C．grew 6．A．third B．three C．second 7．A．at B．for C．in 8．A．If B．Although C．When 9．A．him B．his C．himself 10．A．fighting B．fight C．fought 四、阅读理解 Passage 1 Wu Mengchao is known as the Father of Hepatobiliary Surgery (肝胆外科之父) in China. He spent about eighty years saving people’s lives. In 1922, Wu Mengchao was born in a mountain village in Fujian. Because his family didn’t have enough money to make a living, he went to Malaysia (马来西亚) with his mother at the age of 5. He helped his father do the work while studying in Malaysia. At the age of 18, Wu Mengchao returned to his country and then he studied in Tongji Middle School in Shanghai. In 2005, Wu won the State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award (国家最高科学技术奖). However, he gave his 5,000,000 yuan to help with his students’ study. He once said, “Just my work can’t help Chinese people out of illness (疾病). I hope to teach more young people in the last years of my life.” He kept working until he was more than 90 years old. Wu spent his whole life treating patients (病人) with a warm heart. Once he said, “Medicine (医药) may not make everyone get well, but love will always bring sunshine to life.” 1. Why did Wu Mengchao go to Malaysia? A．Because he was a top student in his class. B．Because he was too tired to go on studying. C．Because his family was too poor to make a living. D．Because he wanted to learn something new in Malaysia. 2. Put the events about Wu Mengchao in the correct order. a. He studied in Tongji Middle School. b. He went to Malaysia with his mother. c. He gave 5,000,000 yuan to help with his students’ study. d. He won the State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award. A．b-a-d-c. B．b-a-c-d. C．a-b-d-c. D．a-b-c-d. 3. What does the underlined phrase “returned to” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Arrived at. B．Came back to. C．Got out of. D．Rushed to. 4. What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5. What would be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Love for sick people B．Saving people’s lives C．The hard life of Wu Mengchao D．A great Chinese doctor-Wu Mengchao Passage 2 Harry is an only child, but his mother is strict with him. She always gets him to do a lot of things. He has to help with housework, like cleaning the room, doing the dishes, and making the bed. But his friend Mike doesn’t have to do any housework. Harry thinks the family rules are too strict and wants to talk to his mother about them. One day, Harry played basketball for an hour after school, and he got home late. His mother worried about him and scolded him after he got home. Harry said, “Rules! Rules! Rules! Why do you make so many rules for me?” “Don’t you know I make all these rules because I care about you? I hope you can take good care of yourself when I’m busy,” his mother said. After hearing this, Harry finally understood his mother’s love. He began to learn to do housework, and now he can do many things on his own. Sometimes, our parents make rules for us. It doesn’t mean they don’t love us. It is just another way to show their love to us. Do you agree? 1. What does Harry have to do at home? A．Do some reading. B．Help Mike do homework. C．Cook meals for his parents. D．Help mom with housework. 2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Harry’s mother is not strict with him. B．Mike has to do lots of homework at home. C．Harry gets home late after playing basketball. D．Harry still doesn’t understand his mother at last. 3. What does Harry think of the rules at first? A．Funny. B．Terrible. C．Useful. D．Helpful. 4. What does the underlined word “scolded” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Talked angrily. B．Said quietly. C．Played happily. D．Watched carefully. 5. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Parents’ rules are a way to show their love. B．Not everyone should do housework at home. C．Playing basketball makes students get home late. D．It’s not important for children to follow family rules. 3 / 6乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $暑假 · 重难点突破 专题01一般将来时&一般过去时 新八年级英语（新教材译林版） 1. 熟悉“一般将来时&一般过去时”用法 2. 掌握“一般将来时&一般过去时”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“一般将来时&一般过去时”真题 模块一：一般将来时（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. 两种核心结构 ① will + 动词原形：客观预测、临时决定 ② am/is/are going to do：提前计划、有迹象的预判 单选、语法填空、写作 混淆两种结构场景；be 动词匹配出错 2. 肯否疑问句式 肯定：主语 will do /be going to do 否定：will not (won’t) /be not going to 疑问：Will + 主语？ / Be + 主语 going to…？ 句型转换 疑问句漏提前 will/be；否定位置写错 3. 用法区分 be going to：事先安排、眼前迹象 will：无计划临时想法、客观推测 情景交际 看到计划表一律用 be going to 配套例句（附汉语翻译） 1. I am going to visit my uncle this weekend.（计划）这周末我打算去看望叔叔。 2. It will rain tomorrow.（客观预测）明天会下雨。 3. Look! The clouds are dark. It’s going to rain.（有迹象）看，乌云密布，马上要下雨了。 模块二：一般将来时（学习目标 2：解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 定时态标志 tomorrow, next…, in + 将来年份 / 时段 将来时间词锁定将来时 in ten days 用 will /be going to 2. 区分 will 与 be going to 有计划安排用 be going to；临时随口决定用 will 句中有 plan/arrange 优先 going to 看到 look/there be 迹象用 be going to 3. 句式变形技巧 变疑问把 will/be 提前；否定直接加 not will 后动词永远原形 be 随主语 I/he/they 变换 am/is/are 模块三：一般过去时（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. 动词变形规则 规则：一般 + ed；e 只 + d；辅 y 变 i+ed；重读辅元辅双写 + ed 不规则：无固定规则，单独记忆（go-went 等） 语法填空、改写 不规则过去式记混；漏写 ed 2. 肯否疑问结构 肯定：主语 + 过去式 否定：主语 didn’t + 动词原形 疑问：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 句型转换 did 出现后动词忘记还原原形 3. 过去时间标志 yesterday, …ago, last…, just now, in + 过去年份 根据时间定时态 every 等现在标志误用过去式 配套例句（附汉语翻译） 1. He walked to school yesterday.（规则）他昨天步行上学。 2. I went to Beijing last summer.（不规则）去年夏天我去了北京。 3. Did you watch the movie last night? 你昨晚看电影了吗？ 模块四：一般过去时（学习目标 2：解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 识别过去标志 yesterday/ago/last/in 过去年份，直接定过去时 动作已完成、和现在无关 有过去时间动词必变过去式 2. 区分规则不规则 看到动词原形先回忆变形，特殊词单独背诵 试卷高频不规则：go-went, eat-ate 完形常考不规则变形 3. 否定疑问规则 只要出现 did/didn’t，后面动词全部变回原形 did 后加 ed 永久错误 模块五：两大时态综合辨析 辨析 一般将来时 一般过去时 通用口诀 时间视角 站在现在看之后 站在现在看之前 将来 will/going to，过去动词变 ed 动词形式 will do / be going to do 动词过去式 did 出现动词还原；计划用 going to 典型标志 next, tomorrow, in 将来 yesterday, ago, last 一、单项选择题（15 小题） 1. I ______ a trip with my family next month. I’ve bought tickets already. A. will take B. am going to take C. take D. took 答案：B 解析：句意：下个月我打算和家人旅行，我已经买好票了。提前做好计划用 be going to。 2. He ______ to the park three days ago. A. goes B. will go C. went D. is going to go 答案：C 解析：句意：三天前他去了公园。three days ago 是过去标志，用一般过去时。 3. —Our team will play tomorrow. —I believe we ______ win the game. A. are going to B. won’t C. will D. were 答案：C 解析：句意：我们明天比赛。我相信我们会赢。单纯客观预测，无提前计划用 will。 4. She ______ TV last night because she was busy. A. doesn’t watch B. won’t watch C. didn’t watch D. isn’t watching 答案：C 解析：句意：昨晚她没看电视，因为很忙。last night 过去，否定用 didn’t + 原形。 5. Look at the dark clouds. It ______ soon. A. will rain B. is going to rain C. rains D. rained 答案：B 解析：句意：看乌云，马上要下雨。眼前有明显迹象，用 be going to。 6. ______ you visit your grandpa last weekend? A. Will B. Are C. Did D. Do 答案：C 解析：句意：上周末你去看望爷爷了吗？last weekend 过去，一般疑问用 Did 开头。 7. —Don’t worry. I ______ help you carry the box. A. am going to B. will C. was D. am 答案：B 解析：句意：别担心，我来帮你搬箱子。当场临时决定，用 will。 8. My mother ______ a cake for me yesterday afternoon. A. make B. makes C. will make D. made 答案：D 解析：句意：昨天下午妈妈给我做了蛋糕。yesterday afternoon 过去，make 过去式 made。 9. We ______ have a math test next Monday. The teacher told us. A. will B. are going to C. were going to D. did 答案：A 解析：句意：下周一我们有数学考试，老师通知我们。客观安排预测可用 will。 10. They ______ basketball just now. A. play B. played C. will play D. are playing 答案：B 解析：句意：他们刚才打了篮球。just now 过去标志，用过去式。 11. —What ______ you ______ do during the holiday? —I plan to climb mountains. A. will; / B. are; going to C. did; / D. do; going to 答案：B 解析：句意：假期你打算做什么？有计划 plan，be going to 疑问结构。 12. He ______ up late this morning, so he was late for school. A. get B. gets C. got D. will get 答案：C 解析：句意：今早他起晚了，上学迟到。this morning 过去，get 过去式 got。 13. I think our school ______ a new library in two years. A. builds B. built C. will build D. is building 答案：C 解析：句意：我认为两年后学校会建一座新图书馆。in two years 将来，客观预测用 will。 14. ______ you ______ to join us tomorrow? A. Will; come B. Did; come C. Are; come D. Do; come 答案：A 解析：句意：明天你会来加入我们吗？tomorrow 将来，will 引导一般疑问。 15. The little girl ______ ice cream yesterday. A. eat B. eats C. will eat D. ate 答案：D 解析：句意：小女孩昨天吃了冰淇淋。yesterday 过去，eat 不规则过去式 ate。 二、单句语法填空（15 小题，用括号内词适当形式填空） 1. We ________ (visit) the museum next Sunday. We make a plan. 答案：are going to visit 解析：句意：下周日我们打算参观博物馆，我们做好计划了。提前计划用 be going to。 2. He ________ (walk) to school yesterday. 答案：walked 解析：句意：他昨天步行上学。yesterday 为过去时间，规则动词加 ed。 3. I ________ (help) you with your homework later. 答案：will help 解析：句意：稍后我会帮你辅导作业。临时主动帮忙，用 will + 原形。 4. They ________ (not play) games last night. 答案：didn’t play 解析：句意：昨晚他们没有玩游戏。过去否定，didn’t 后动词用原形。 5. Look! The bus ________ (come). 答案：is going to come 解析：句意：看，公交车马上要来了。眼前可见迹象，用 be going to。 6. ________ you ________ (see) the film last week? 答案：Did; see 解析：句意：上周你看那部电影了吗？last week 过去疑问，Did 提前，动词还原 see。 7. My sister ________ (study) harder next term. She decides it. 答案：is going to study 解析：句意：我妹妹下学期打算更努力学习，她下定决心。计划安排用 be going to。 8. She ________ (buy) a new pen three days ago. 答案：bought 解析：句意：三天前她买了一支新钢笔。three days ago，buy 不规则过去式 bought。 9. I think it ________ (rain) this afternoon. 答案：will rain 解析：句意：我觉得今天下午会下雨。主观推测，用 will。 10. We ________ (have) dinner at six yesterday evening. 答案：had 解析：句意：昨晚六点我们吃了晚饭。过去，have 过去式 had。 11. ________ your father ________ (take) you to the zoo tomorrow? 答案：Will; take 解析：句意：你爸爸明天会带你去动物园吗？tomorrow 将来疑问句 will。 12. He ________ (not watch) TV last Sunday. 答案：didn’t watch 解析：句意：上周日他没看电视。过去否定结构 didn’t + 原形。 13. They ________ (plant) trees next spring. The school orders it. 答案：are going to plant 解析：句意：明年春天他们要种树，学校安排好。既定安排 be going to。 14. My brother ________ (sleep) late this morning. 答案：slept 解析：句意：今早我弟弟睡懒觉。this morning，sleep 不规则过去式 slept。 15. Something great ________ (happen) soon, I believe. 答案：will happen 解析：句意：我相信很快会有好事发生。客观预测，will + 动词原形。 三、语法选择 Long long ago, there 1 a wise man named Zhuge Liang. Liu Bei, a kind official, heard about his wisdom and decided 2 for his help. At first, Liu Bei and his two brothers, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, went to Zhuge Liang’s home. But Zhuge Liang wasn’t there, so they had to go away. A few days 3 , they went again. It was snowing 4 . They hoped to meet Zhuge Liang this time, but he still wasn’t at home. Zhang Fei 5 angry and wanted to break the door, but Liu Bei stopped him. Finally, they went for the 6 time. This time, Zhuge Liang was sleeping. Liu Bei waited outside 7 a long time. 8 Zhuge Liang woke up, Liu Bei told him about 9 plans to end the war. Zhuge Liang was moved by Liu Bei’s words deeply. He agreed with Liu Bei and helped him. With Zhuge Liang’s help, Liu Bei succeeded in 10 others. Their story is famous in Chinese history. 1．A．was B．were C．is 2．A．ask B．to ask C．asking 3．A．later B．late C．ago 4．A．heavily B．heavier C．heavy 5．A．grow B．grows C．grew 6．A．third B．three C．second 7．A．at B．for C．in 8．A．If B．Although C．When 9．A．him B．his C．himself 10．A．fighting B．fight C．fought 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了刘备三顾茅庐请诸葛亮出山的故事。刘备两次拜访未果，第三次冒着大雪等待，最终感动了诸葛亮，诸葛亮决定帮助他。 【详解】1．句意：很久很久以前，有一位智者名叫诸葛亮。 There be句型中，主语a wise man是单数，且故事发生在过去，be动词用was。were用于复数主语，is用于现在时，均不正确。 2．句意：刘备，一位善良的官员，听说了他的智慧，决定向他寻求帮助。 decide to do sth.是固定用法，意为“决定做某事”。to ask符合结构。ask是动词原形不能直接放在decide后，asking是现在分词也不对。 3．句意：几天后，他们又去了。 “几天后”用a few days later。late是“迟到”或“晚的”，ago表示“……以前”用于过去时间点，但此处是相对于第一次拜访之后的时间，later正确。 4．句意：雪下得很大。 修饰动词was snowing，应用副词heavily。heavier是形容词比较级，heavy是形容词，不能修饰动词。 5．句意：张飞生气了，想要破门而入，但刘备阻止了他。 故事发生在过去，应用一般过去时。grew是grow的过去式，意为“变得”。grow是原形，grows是三单，时态不对。 6．句意：最后，他们第三次去了。 前面已经去了两次，这是第三次。third是序数词，表示“第三次”。three是基数词，second是“第二次”与文意不符。 7．句意：刘备在外面等了很长时间。 表示动作持续一段时间，用for + 时间段。at接具体时间点，in接一段时间通常用于将来时或泛指，for正确。 8．句意：当诸葛亮醒来时，刘备告诉他结束战争的计划。 表示“当……的时候”，用When引导时间状语从句。If“如果”表条件，Although“虽然”表让步，均不符合。 9．句意：告诉了他结束战争的计划。 修饰名词plans，应用形容词性物主代词his，意为“他的”。him是宾格，himself是反身代词，均不能修饰名词。 10．句意：刘备在与他人争斗中取得了成功。 succeed in doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“成功做某事”。fighting是动名词形式。fight是原形，fought是过去式，均不能用于in之后。 四、阅读理解 Passage 1 Wu Mengchao is known as the Father of Hepatobiliary Surgery (肝胆外科之父) in China. He spent about eighty years saving people’s lives. In 1922, Wu Mengchao was born in a mountain village in Fujian. Because his family didn’t have enough money to make a living, he went to Malaysia (马来西亚) with his mother at the age of 5. He helped his father do the work while studying in Malaysia. At the age of 18, Wu Mengchao returned to his country and then he studied in Tongji Middle School in Shanghai. In 2005, Wu won the State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award (国家最高科学技术奖). However, he gave his 5,000,000 yuan to help with his students’ study. He once said, “Just my work can’t help Chinese people out of illness (疾病). I hope to teach more young people in the last years of my life.” He kept working until he was more than 90 years old. Wu spent his whole life treating patients (病人) with a warm heart. Once he said, “Medicine (医药) may not make everyone get well, but love will always bring sunshine to life.” 1. Why did Wu Mengchao go to Malaysia? A．Because he was a top student in his class. B．Because he was too tired to go on studying. C．Because his family was too poor to make a living. D．Because he wanted to learn something new in Malaysia. 2. Put the events about Wu Mengchao in the correct order. a. He studied in Tongji Middle School. b. He went to Malaysia with his mother. c. He gave 5,000,000 yuan to help with his students’ study. d. He won the State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award. A．b-a-d-c. B．b-a-c-d. C．a-b-d-c. D．a-b-c-d. 3. What does the underlined phrase “returned to” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Arrived at. B．Came back to. C．Got out of. D．Rushed to. 4. What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5. What would be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Love for sick people B．Saving people’s lives C．The hard life of Wu Mengchao D．A great Chinese doctor-Wu Mengchao 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记类说明文，介绍中国“肝胆外科之父”吴孟超的生平经历、重大成就与无私奉献的高尚品格。 【详解】11．原文第二段“Because his family didn’t have enough money to make a living, he went to Malaysia with his mother at the age of 5.”，吴孟超前往马来西亚的原因是家境贫寒难以维持生计。 12．事件时间顺序梳理：b. He went to Malaysia with his mother.（5岁去马来西亚） a. He studied in Tongji Middle School.（18岁回国读同济中学） d. He won the State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award.（2005年获国家最高科技奖） c. He gave 5,000,000 yuan to help with his students’ study.（获奖后捐出奖金资助学生）。完整顺序为b-a-d-c。 13．原文第三段“At the age of 18, Wu Mengchao returned to his country”，结合前文他5岁远赴马来西亚，可推断“returned to”含义为“回到”，对应B选项Came back to。 14．文章结构：第①段总述吴孟超的身份与一生救人；②③④按时间顺序具体讲述他的生平经历和成就；⑤段总结他医者仁心的一生。对应C选项的“总分总”结构图示。 15．全文围绕吴孟超这位伟大的中国医生展开，介绍生平、成就与品格，D选项“A great Chinese doctor-Wu Mengchao”可完整概括全文。 Passage 2 Harry is an only child, but his mother is strict with him. She always gets him to do a lot of things. He has to help with housework, like cleaning the room, doing the dishes, and making the bed. But his friend Mike doesn’t have to do any housework. Harry thinks the family rules are too strict and wants to talk to his mother about them. One day, Harry played basketball for an hour after school, and he got home late. His mother worried about him and scolded him after he got home. Harry said, “Rules! Rules! Rules! Why do you make so many rules for me?” “Don’t you know I make all these rules because I care about you? I hope you can take good care of yourself when I’m busy,” his mother said. After hearing this, Harry finally understood his mother’s love. He began to learn to do housework, and now he can do many things on his own. Sometimes, our parents make rules for us. It doesn’t mean they don’t love us. It is just another way to show their love to us. Do you agree? 1. What does Harry have to do at home? A．Do some reading. B．Help Mike do homework. C．Cook meals for his parents. D．Help mom with housework. 2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Harry’s mother is not strict with him. B．Mike has to do lots of homework at home. C．Harry gets home late after playing basketball. D．Harry still doesn’t understand his mother at last. 3. What does Harry think of the rules at first? A．Funny. B．Terrible. C．Useful. D．Helpful. 4. What does the underlined word “scolded” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Talked angrily. B．Said quietly. C．Played happily. D．Watched carefully. 5. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Parents’ rules are a way to show their love. B．Not everyone should do housework at home. C．Playing basketball makes students get home late. D．It’s not important for children to follow family rules. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 【导语】本文讲述了Harry因母亲严格的家规（做家务、按时回家）而抱怨，后经母亲解释得知规则源于关爱。Harry最终理解并学会自理，文章最后点明：父母立规是爱的另一种表达方式。 【详解】1. 第一段中的句子“He has to help with housework, like cleaning the room, doing the dishes, and making the bed.”表明，Harry在家里必须帮助妈妈做家务。 2. 第二段中的句子“Harry played basketball for an hour after school, and he got home late.”表明，Harry打篮球后回家晚了，C项表述正确。A项与第一段中的句子“his mother is strict with him”不符；B项文中未提及Mike 要做很多作业；D项与第三段中的句子“Harry finally understood his mother’s love”不符。 3. 第一段中的句子“Harry thinks the family rules are too strict”以及第二段他抱怨“Rules! Rules! Rules!”表明，起初Harry觉得家规太严格，对他来说是糟糕的。Funny、Useful、Helpful均为正面或中性评价，不符合语境。 4. 第二段语境，“ His mother worried about him and scolded him after he got home.”表明，Harry回家晚了，妈妈很担心，结合Harry随后的抱怨反应，可推测妈妈是生气地责备了他。Talked angrily意为“生气地谈话；责备”，符合句意。 5. 最后一段中的句子“It is just another way to show their love to us.”表明，作者主要想告诉我们父母制定的规则也是表达爱的一种方式。 12 / 12乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $