Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals（重难词汇精练）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 以“基础-语境-语篇”三级递进为核心，系统训练动植物主题词汇的理解与应用，提升语言能力与学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|汉译英（20单词+10短语）、词汇拓展（10词形转换）|聚焦单词拼写与词形变化，夯实词汇基础|从孤立词汇（苔藓、牡丹等）到词形派生（popular→popularity），构建词汇网络| |词汇语境练|适当形式填空（15题）、单词拼写（20题）、完成句子（10题）|在单句语境中考查词汇运用，强调语法搭配|从词形到语境应用（如fold→foldable），衔接词汇与语法，培养语言表达能力| |词汇语篇练|语法填空（2篇）、阅读理解（2篇）|在语篇中综合考查词汇理解与逻辑推理|从单句到语篇（动植物科普文），提升词汇在真实语境中的迁移能力，发展思维品质|

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 苔藓 n. 牡丹，芍药 n. 竹子 n. 蝴蝶 n. 嫩芽 v. 射击 n. 翅膀 v. 降落 n. 土地 n. 省份 n. 蜂蜜 n. 花粉 n. 行星 n. 蘑菇 n. 豌豆 n. 气候 n. 海洋 adj. 微小的 v. 折叠 v. 想象 v. 保护 v. 使失望 v. 交流 v. 储存 短语 折叠（收拢） 采取行动 把…… 和…… 连接 与…… 沟通交流 在…… 中发挥作用 储存，积攒 保护…… 免受…… 伤害 对…… 感到失望 符合；不辜负 毫无疑问 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.popular → ____________(n. 流行，人气) 2.fold → ____________(adj. 可折叠的) 3.appear → ____________(n. 出现，外表) 4.Africa → ____________(adj./n. 非洲的；非洲人) 5.weigh → ____________(n. 重量) 6.connect → ____________(n. 联系，连接) 7.imagine → ____________(n. 想象力) 8.communicate → ____________(n. 交流，沟通) 9.important → _______________(n. 重要性) 10.disappoint → _______________(adj. 感到失望的) /_______________(adj. 令人失望的) /__________________(n. 失望) 一、用所给词适当形式填空 1. The ______ (popular) of bamboo is growing around the world. 2. This kind of desk is ______ (fold), so it saves much room. 3. Her ______ (appear) changed greatly after travelling. 4. Many ______ (Africa) students study in our school. 5. Do you know the ______ (weigh) of this butterfly? 6. There is a close ______ (connect) between animals and plants. 7. Kids have rich ______ (imagine) and they love nature. 8. Good ______ (communicate) helps people get on well. 9. We all know the ______ (important) of protecting the ocean. 10. To our ______ (disappoint), the mushroom garden closed. 11. Among all plants, bamboo grows ______ (quickly). 12. This peony is ______ (lively) one in the garden. 13. The tiny bee works ______ (hard) of all insects. 14. Of all provinces, this one has ______ (many) butterflies. 15. He treats animals ______ (gentle) in our class. 二、单词拼写 1. The green ______ (苔藓) covers the old stone wall. 2. We grow ______ (竹子) behind our house. 3. New ______ (嫩芽) come out in spring. 4. The plane will ______ (降落) on the farmland soon. 5. Bees make sweet ______ (蜂蜜) every summer. 6. Flowers spread ______ (花粉) everywhere. 7. The earth is a warm ______ (行星) for all lives. 8. We picked fresh ______ (蘑菇) in the forest. 9. Green ______ (豌豆) taste delicious in soup. 10. The local ______ (气候) is warm and wet. 11. The blue ______ (海洋) looks endless. 12. Ants are ______ (微小的) living creatures. 13. Please ______ (折叠) your clothes after school. 14. Can you ______ (想象) life without trees? 15. We must ______ (保护) wild animals. 16. The bad news will ______ (使失望) all of us. 17. We ______ (交流) with foreign students online. 18. Trees ______ (储存) water in their roots. 19. Beautiful ______ (牡丹) bloom in April. 20. A butterfly has two pairs of ______ (翅膀). 三、完成句子 1. Please ______ your tent ______ after camping. (折叠) 2. We should ______ human beings ______ nature. (把……和……联系起来) 3. Everyone can ______ ______ ______ protecting the environment. (在……中发挥作用) 4. Trees can ______ us ______ strong sunlight. (保护……免受……) 5. I will work hard to ______ ______ ______ my parents’ hopes. (不辜负，符合) 6. We need to ______ ______ to save the ocean. (采取行动) 7. It’s necessary to ______ ______ your parents often. (与……沟通交流) 8. Trees ______ ______ lots of water in rainy days. (储存，积攒) 9. She ______ ______ ______ the boring trip last week. (对……感到失望) 10. ______ ______, plants are necessary for human. (毫无疑问) 一、语法填空 （25-26八年级上·山东滨州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jeremi is a boy who likes watching birds. He is in the 1 (four) grade. One day, he was playing with toys when he saw a bird hitting the window. Jeremi went to check on 2 bird. “Just as I wanted to open the door, it 3 (fly) away,” he said. Not all birds are so 4 (luck) in this world. Many birds are killed each year 5 the US after flying into glass. “When birds see 6 (they) in the glass, they think it’s a place they can fly into,” Christine Sheppard, an expert on birds, said. She and others want to make buildings bird-friendly. There are some easy ways to do this. One is to cover the buildings. Another is to use 7 (little) glass than before. The third way is to use special glass. In New York, a big building once decided 8 (change) some of its glass into metal panels (金属面板). Daniel Piselli, a building designer, said we should put something on the glass so 9 birds can see it and won’t fly into the glass. 10 (actual), after this change, the number of birds hitting the glass dropped by 90 percent. Jeremi also wants to help. “I want fewer birds to die from hitting glass than before,” he said. （25-26八年级上·湖南长沙·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There was a well-known artist named Wen Tong during the Song Dynasty (宋朝). He was famous for his paintings of bamboo. Wen Tong is the 1 (great) bamboo painter of all time. Why was he so good 2 drawing bamboo? Well, he loved bamboo. He painted only bamboo. He also studied how it moved and how it 3 (grow) in different weather. One day in spring, 4 storm moved into the village. Everyone rushed home to get inside. But Wen Tong rushed outside to his bamboo garden. He expected 5 (see) what water on bamboo leaves looked like. One hot day in summer, most people were inside 6 (they) homes, trying to stay cool. But Wen Tong was outside in his bamboo garden. He wanted to see the bamboo 7 (clear) in strong sunlight. One day in autumn, it was so windy that some people fell over when they stepped outside. But Wen Tong went outside to his bamboo garden. One day in winter, it started to snow. All the other 8 (villager) were inside their homes, staying warm. But of course, Wen Tong was outside in his bamboo garden. He wanted to see the snow on the bamboo. After many days just like these, he knew what bamboo looked like in all seasons, in all weather, 9 at all ages. So when it was time to paint, he spent all of his time 10 (remember) everything about bamboo. A friend of his said, “When Wen Tong draws bamboo, he has its image (形象) in his mind.” 二、阅读理解 （25-26八年级上·江西赣州·期中）①Nature is full of power but sometimes it is very interesting. Let’s take some plants as an example. Monster Flower ②The monster flower is the name of a plant. It has the biggest flower in the world. To people, the plant’s smell is really bad! But bees and other insects love this smell. And that helps the plant! Redwood Tree ③Most trees are tall. But the tallest trees in the world are redwood trees. These trees are slow growers. It takes them 500 years to grow very, very tall and wide. Redwood trees are 300 feet tall. That’s about as tall as a stack (一堆) of 40 school buses! Redwoods are 30 feet wide. That’s about as wide as 3 school buses side by side. Pitcher Plant ④The pitcher plant traps insects. This plant smells nice. Insects like its smell. But when an insect slips into (溜进) the pitcher plant, quickly, the pitcher plant catches it! 1．What makes the monster flower special according to the passage? A．It has the smallest flower in the world. B．It has the biggest flower in the world. C．It smells very nice to people. D．It can’t attract bees or other insects. 2．Why do insects get close to the pitcher plant? A．Because the pitcher plant looks very beautiful. B．Because the pitcher plant smells nice. C．Because the pitcher plant can provide them with water. D．Because the pitcher plant grows in warm places 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Redwoods are like buses. B．Insects have different smells. C．People love the pitcher plant’s smell. D．The pitcher plant catches insects when they slip into it. 4．How does the writer describe (描写) Redwood Tree? A．By using numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By sharing ideas. 5．What is the structure of the passage? A．①/②③/④ B．①/②③④ C．①②③/④ D．①②/③④ （25-26八年级上·江西新余·期中）Stories usually describe snakes as cold-hearted characters. However, a team of scientists didn’t believe that. They said that one type of snake makes close friends. The team of scientists wanted to see how garter snakes (袜带蛇) communicate with each other. Especially, they wanted to know whether or not snakes make friends. The results turned out to be rather interesting. So, what did they do? Well, the team gathered 40 garter snakes. The scientists put groups of ten garter snakes in an enclosure (圈养地). Inside the enclosure, there were rooms for the snakes to go inside. The team then watched how the snakes behaved (表现) towards each other. They formed groups. The experiment (实验) lasted eight days. Every day, the scientists removed the snakes from the enclosure. Then workers cleaned the space well. When the scientists put snakes back in a different structure, they then went straight back to the same groups again! The scientists believed this could show the garter snakes make friends. The team also said that they had noticed two types of snake personalities: shy and bold (大胆的). Shy snakes didn’t like to come out of the rooms inside the enclosure. But bold snakes were happy to do that. The team of scientists believed that we shouldn’t be surprised that snakes form friendship. “All animals, even snakes need to communicate with others,” said Morgan Skinner, one of the scientists in the experiment. It’s not just snakes, though, that make friends. A recent scientific study found that dolphins do that too. 1．What do people usually think of snakes? A．Friendly. B．Shy and bold. C．Cold-hearted. D．Outgoing. 2．What did the workers do when scientists removed the snakes from the enclosure? A．They fed the snakes. B．They caught the snakes. C．They cleaned the snakes. D．They cleaned the enclosure. 3．How did shy snakes behave in the experiment? A．They were afraid to go into the rooms. B．They wouldn’t communicate with others. C．They were afraid of meeting new friends. D．They wouldn’t be happy to come out of the rooms. 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．Which of the following can be the best title? A．The great scientists B．A study about friends C．A kind of snake liking to make friends D．Animals are our good friends $Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 moss n. 苔藓 peony n. 牡丹，芍药 bamboo n. 竹子 butterfly n. 蝴蝶 shoot n. 嫩芽 v. 射击 wing n. 翅膀 land v. 降落 n. 土地 province n. 省份 honey n. 蜂蜜 pollen n. 花粉 planet n. 行星 mushroom n. 蘑菇 pea n. 豌豆 climate n. 气候 ocean n. 海洋 tiny adj. 微小的 fold v. 折叠 imagine v. 想象 protect v. 保护 disappoint v. 使失望 communicate v. 交流 store v. 储存 短语 fold up 折叠（收拢） take action 采取行动 connect … with … 把…… 和…… 连接 communicate with 与…… 沟通交流 play a part in 在…… 中发挥作用 store up 储存，积攒 protect … from … 保护…… 免受…… 伤害 be disappointed with 对…… 感到失望 live up to 符合；不辜负 without doubt 毫无疑问 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.popular → ____________(n. 流行，人气) 2.fold → ____________(adj. 可折叠的) 3.appear → ____________(n. 出现，外表) 4.Africa → ____________(adj./n. 非洲的；非洲人) 5.weigh → ____________(n. 重量) 6.connect → ____________(n. 联系，连接) 7.imagine → ____________(n. 想象力) 8.communicate → ____________(n. 交流，沟通) 9.important → _______________(n. 重要性) 10.disappoint → _______________(adj. 感到失望的) /_______________(adj. 令人失望的) /__________________(n. 失望) 【答案】1.popular → popularity 2.fold → folding 3.appear → appearance 4.Africa → African 5.weigh → weight 6.connect → connection 7.imagine → imagination 8.communicate → communication 9.important → importance 10.disappoint → disappointed / disappointing / disappointment 一、用所给词适当形式填空 1. The ______ (popular) of bamboo is growing around the world. 2. This kind of desk is ______ (fold), so it saves much room. 3. Her ______ (appear) changed greatly after travelling. 4. Many ______ (Africa) students study in our school. 5. Do you know the ______ (weigh) of this butterfly? 6. There is a close ______ (connect) between animals and plants. 7. Kids have rich ______ (imagine) and they love nature. 8. Good ______ (communicate) helps people get on well. 9. We all know the ______ (important) of protecting the ocean. 10. To our ______ (disappoint), the mushroom garden closed. 11. Among all plants, bamboo grows ______ (quickly). 12. This peony is ______ (lively) one in the garden. 13. The tiny bee works ______ (hard) of all insects. 14. Of all provinces, this one has ______ (many) butterflies. 15. He treats animals ______ (gentle) in our class. 二、单词拼写 1. The green ______ (苔藓) covers the old stone wall. 2. We grow ______ (竹子) behind our house. 3. New ______ (嫩芽) come out in spring. 4. The plane will ______ (降落) on the farmland soon. 5. Bees make sweet ______ (蜂蜜) every summer. 6. Flowers spread ______ (花粉) everywhere. 7. The earth is a warm ______ (行星) for all lives. 8. We picked fresh ______ (蘑菇) in the forest. 9. Green ______ (豌豆) taste delicious in soup. 10. The local ______ (气候) is warm and wet. 11. The blue ______ (海洋) looks endless. 12. Ants are ______ (微小的) living creatures. 13. Please ______ (折叠) your clothes after school. 14. Can you ______ (想象) life without trees? 15. We must ______ (保护) wild animals. 16. The bad news will ______ (使失望) all of us. 17. We ______ (交流) with foreign students online. 18. Trees ______ (储存) water in their roots. 19. Beautiful ______ (牡丹) bloom in April. 20. A butterfly has two pairs of ______ (翅膀). 三、完成句子 1. Please ______ your tent ______ after camping. (折叠) 2. We should ______ human beings ______ nature. (把……和……联系起来) 3. Everyone can ______ ______ ______ protecting the environment. (在……中发挥作用) 4. Trees can ______ us ______ strong sunlight. (保护……免受……) 5. I will work hard to ______ ______ ______ my parents’ hopes. (不辜负，符合) 6. We need to ______ ______ to save the ocean. (采取行动) 7. It’s necessary to ______ ______ your parents often. (与……沟通交流) 8. Trees ______ ______ lots of water in rainy days. (储存，积攒) 9. She ______ ______ ______ the boring trip last week. (对……感到失望) 10. ______ ______, plants are necessary for human. (毫无疑问) 一、词形填空答案 1.popularity 2.folding 3.appearance 4.African 5.weight 6.connection 7.imagination 8.communication 9.importance 10.disappointment 11.(the) most quickly 12.the liveliest 13.(the) hardest 14.the most 15.(the) most gently 二、单词拼写答案 1.moss 2.bamboo 3.shoots 4.land 5.honey 6.pollen 7.planet 8.mushrooms 9.peas 10.climate 11.ocean 12.tiny 13.fold 14.imagine 15.protect 16.disappoint 17.communicate 18.store 19.peonies 20.wings 三、完成句子答案 1.fold; up 2.connect; with 3.play a part in 4.protect; from 5.live up to 6.take action 7.communicate with 8.store up 9.was disappointed with 10.Without doubt 一、语法填空 （25-26八年级上·山东滨州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jeremi is a boy who likes watching birds. He is in the 1 (four) grade. One day, he was playing with toys when he saw a bird hitting the window. Jeremi went to check on 2 bird. “Just as I wanted to open the door, it 3 (fly) away,” he said. Not all birds are so 4 (luck) in this world. Many birds are killed each year 5 the US after flying into glass. “When birds see 6 (they) in the glass, they think it’s a place they can fly into,” Christine Sheppard, an expert on birds, said. She and others want to make buildings bird-friendly. There are some easy ways to do this. One is to cover the buildings. Another is to use 7 (little) glass than before. The third way is to use special glass. In New York, a big building once decided 8 (change) some of its glass into metal panels (金属面板). Daniel Piselli, a building designer, said we should put something on the glass so 9 birds can see it and won’t fly into the glass. 10 (actual), after this change, the number of birds hitting the glass dropped by 90 percent. Jeremi also wants to help. “I want fewer birds to die from hitting glass than before,” he said. 【答案】 1．fourth 2．the 3．flew 4．lucky 5．in 6．themselves 7．less 8．to change 9．that 10．Actually 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了鸟类撞击玻璃而死亡的问题，以及人们为了保护鸟类、让建筑对鸟类更友好而采取的一些措施。 1．句意：他在四年级。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“第四年级”，应使用序数词，four的序数词为fourth。 2．句意：Jeremi去查看那只鸟。分析句子结构可知，此处特指前文提到的撞到窗户上的那只鸟，表示特指应填定冠词the。 3．句意：“正当我想开门的时候，它飞走了。”他说。分析句子结构可知，根据从句中的“wanted”和主句的“said”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，故填fly的过去式flew。 4．句意：在这个世界上，并不是所有的鸟都这么幸运。luck“运气”，名词，分析句子结构可知，此处在系动词are之后作表语，应使用形容词，故填luck的形容词lucky，意为“幸运的”。 5．句意：在美国，每年有许多鸟因为撞上玻璃而死亡。分析句子结构可知，表示“在某个国家”应填介词in，“in the US”意为“在美国”。 6．句意：“当鸟儿在玻璃里看到它们自己时，它们认为那是一个它们可以飞进去的地方。”分析句子结构可知，当主语与宾语指代对象一致时使用反身代词，故填they的反身代词themselves，意为“它们自己”。 7．句意：另一种方法是使用比以前更少的玻璃。分析句子结构可知，根据空后的“than”可知，此处应使用比较级，故填little的比较级less，意为“更少的”。 8．句意：在纽约，一座大楼曾决定将其部分玻璃换成金属面板。分析句子结构可知，decide to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，此处应天动词不定式to change。 9．句意：建筑设计师Daniel Piselli说，我们应该在玻璃上放些东西，以便鸟儿能看到它，就不会撞到玻璃上。分析句子结构可知，此处引导目的状语从句，so that意为“以便，为了”，是固定连词短语，句中已有so，故填that。 10．句意：事实上，在这一改变之后，撞击玻璃的鸟的数量下降了90%。actual“事实上的”，形容词，分析句子结构可知，此处修饰整个句子，作状语，应使用副词形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写，故填副词Actually。 （25-26八年级上·湖南长沙·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There was a well-known artist named Wen Tong during the Song Dynasty (宋朝). He was famous for his paintings of bamboo. Wen Tong is the 1 (great) bamboo painter of all time. Why was he so good 2 drawing bamboo? Well, he loved bamboo. He painted only bamboo. He also studied how it moved and how it 3 (grow) in different weather. One day in spring, 4 storm moved into the village. Everyone rushed home to get inside. But Wen Tong rushed outside to his bamboo garden. He expected 5 (see) what water on bamboo leaves looked like. One hot day in summer, most people were inside 6 (they) homes, trying to stay cool. But Wen Tong was outside in his bamboo garden. He wanted to see the bamboo 7 (clear) in strong sunlight. One day in autumn, it was so windy that some people fell over when they stepped outside. But Wen Tong went outside to his bamboo garden. One day in winter, it started to snow. All the other 8 (villager) were inside their homes, staying warm. But of course, Wen Tong was outside in his bamboo garden. He wanted to see the snow on the bamboo. After many days just like these, he knew what bamboo looked like in all seasons, in all weather, 9 at all ages. So when it was time to paint, he spent all of his time 10 (remember) everything about bamboo. A friend of his said, “When Wen Tong draws bamboo, he has its image (形象) in his mind.” 【答案】 1．greatest 2．at 3．grew 4．a 5．to see 6．their 7．clearly 8．villagers 9．and 10．remembering 【导语】本文介绍了宋朝著名画家文同画竹子的故事，阐述了他因热爱竹子、长期观察不同季节与天气下竹子的状态，最终成为有史以来最出色的竹画家的原因。 1．句意：文同是有史以来最出色的竹画家。根据“of all time”可知，此处需用形容词最高级表示程度，great的最高级形式为greatest。故填greatest。 2．句意：为什么他如此擅长画竹子呢？根据固定搭配be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”可知，此处需填介词at。故填at。 3．句意：他还研究竹子在不同天气下的动态与生长状态。文章整体为一般过去时，and连接并列的谓语动词，moved用了过去式，grow也需用过去式grew。故填grew。 4．句意：春天的一天，一场暴风雨降临了村庄。storm“暴风雨”是可数名词单数，此处表示“一场暴风雨”，且storm以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 5．句意：他期待看看竹叶上的水珠是什么样子。根据固定搭配expect to do sth.“期待做某事”可知，此处see需用不定式形式to see。故填to see。 6．句意：夏天炎热的一天，大多数人都待在自己家里避暑。此处修饰名词homes，需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their。故填their。 7．句意：他想要清楚地观察强光下的竹子。此处修饰动词see，需用副词，clear的副词形式为clearly。故填clearly。 8．句意：其他所有村民都待在家里取暖。all the other后接可数名词复数，villager的复数形式为villagers。故填villagers。 9．句意：他了解了竹子在不同季节、不同天气、不同生长阶段的样子。根据“in all seasons, in all weather,…at all ages.”可知，此处in all seasons, in all weather与at all ages是并列关系，需用连词and。故填and。 10．句意：所以到了作画时，他花费所有时间去记住竹子的一切细节。根据固定搭配spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”可知，此处remember需用动名词形式remembering。故填remembering。 二、阅读理解 （25-26八年级上·江西赣州·期中）①Nature is full of power but sometimes it is very interesting. Let’s take some plants as an example. Monster Flower ②The monster flower is the name of a plant. It has the biggest flower in the world. To people, the plant’s smell is really bad! But bees and other insects love this smell. And that helps the plant! Redwood Tree ③Most trees are tall. But the tallest trees in the world are redwood trees. These trees are slow growers. It takes them 500 years to grow very, very tall and wide. Redwood trees are 300 feet tall. That’s about as tall as a stack (一堆) of 40 school buses! Redwoods are 30 feet wide. That’s about as wide as 3 school buses side by side. Pitcher Plant ④The pitcher plant traps insects. This plant smells nice. Insects like its smell. But when an insect slips into (溜进) the pitcher plant, quickly, the pitcher plant catches it! 1．What makes the monster flower special according to the passage? A．It has the smallest flower in the world. B．It has the biggest flower in the world. C．It smells very nice to people. D．It can’t attract bees or other insects. 2．Why do insects get close to the pitcher plant? A．Because the pitcher plant looks very beautiful. B．Because the pitcher plant smells nice. C．Because the pitcher plant can provide them with water. D．Because the pitcher plant grows in warm places 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Redwoods are like buses. B．Insects have different smells. C．People love the pitcher plant’s smell. D．The pitcher plant catches insects when they slip into it. 4．How does the writer describe (描写) Redwood Tree? A．By using numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By sharing ideas. 5．What is the structure of the passage? A．①/②③/④ B．①/②③④ C．①②③/④ D．①②/③④ 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了大自然充满奇妙之处，再分别介绍大王花、红杉树、猪笼草三种特色植物的独特特点。 1．文章第②段“The monster flower is the name of a plant. It has the biggest flower in the world.”表明大王花的特殊之处是拥有世界上最大的花朵。 2．文章第④段“The pitcher plant traps insects. This plant smells nice. Insects like its smell.”表明昆虫靠近猪笼草是因为它的气味好闻。 3．文章第④段“But when an insect slips into the pitcher plant, quickly, the pitcher plant catches it!”表明当昆虫溜进猪笼草里时，猪笼草会立刻抓住它，选项D表述正确。 4．文章第③段出现数字500 years、300 feet、30 feet等具体数字，说明作者是通过列数字的方式来描写红杉树的。 5．通读全文，第①段是总起，引出自然界有趣的植物这一话题；第②段、第③段、第④段分别介绍了大王花、红杉树和猪笼草三种植物，属于并列的分述部分。因此文章的结构为总—分结构，即①/②③④。 （25-26八年级上·江西新余·期中）Stories usually describe snakes as cold-hearted characters. However, a team of scientists didn’t believe that. They said that one type of snake makes close friends. The team of scientists wanted to see how garter snakes (袜带蛇) communicate with each other. Especially, they wanted to know whether or not snakes make friends. The results turned out to be rather interesting. So, what did they do? Well, the team gathered 40 garter snakes. The scientists put groups of ten garter snakes in an enclosure (圈养地). Inside the enclosure, there were rooms for the snakes to go inside. The team then watched how the snakes behaved (表现) towards each other. They formed groups. The experiment (实验) lasted eight days. Every day, the scientists removed the snakes from the enclosure. Then workers cleaned the space well. When the scientists put snakes back in a different structure, they then went straight back to the same groups again! The scientists believed this could show the garter snakes make friends. The team also said that they had noticed two types of snake personalities: shy and bold (大胆的). Shy snakes didn’t like to come out of the rooms inside the enclosure. But bold snakes were happy to do that. The team of scientists believed that we shouldn’t be surprised that snakes form friendship. “All animals, even snakes need to communicate with others,” said Morgan Skinner, one of the scientists in the experiment. It’s not just snakes, though, that make friends. A recent scientific study found that dolphins do that too. 1．What do people usually think of snakes? A．Friendly. B．Shy and bold. C．Cold-hearted. D．Outgoing. 2．What did the workers do when scientists removed the snakes from the enclosure? A．They fed the snakes. B．They caught the snakes. C．They cleaned the snakes. D．They cleaned the enclosure. 3．How did shy snakes behave in the experiment? A．They were afraid to go into the rooms. B．They wouldn’t communicate with others. C．They were afraid of meeting new friends. D．They wouldn’t be happy to come out of the rooms. 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．Which of the following can be the best title? A．The great scientists B．A study about friends C．A kind of snake liking to make friends D．Animals are our good friends 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家通过实验发现袜带蛇也会结交朋友，并观察到蛇有“害羞”和“大胆”两种性格类型，说明动物也需要社交。 1．第一段首句提到“Stories usually describe snakes as cold-hearted characters”，说明故事通常把蛇描述为冷血的。 2．第三段提到“Every day, the scientists removed the snakes from the enclosure. Then workers cleaned the space well”，说明科学家将蛇移出圈养地后，工作人员会彻底清理圈养地。 3．第三段提到“Shy snakes didn’t like to come out of the rooms inside the enclosure”，说明害羞的蛇不愿意从圈养地的房间里出来。 4．文章采用“总—分—总”结构：第一段提出蛇可能交朋友的核心观点，第二段、第三段、第四段分述研究目的、过程以及结果，第五段总结并延伸到更广的主题——不仅蛇会交朋友，其他动物也有类似现象。 5．文章核心围绕“蛇会交朋友”这一研究发现展开，而非泛谈动物友谊或科学家，故最贴切标题为“A kind of snake liking to make friends”。 $