Unit 2 Stay Healthy 表建议的情态动词（should、could）和反身代词（核心语法精练）英语新教材鲁教版（五四学制）八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦表建议情态动词（should/could）与反身代词，构建"规则-辨析-应用"三阶方法体系，知识逻辑从基础形式到语境运用层层递进。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|2语法点|情态动词区分"劝告vs委婉提议"，反身代词"形式-结构-用法"分类|从共同规则到差异辨析，从形式构成到功能应用| |考点夯基|40题|单选侧重情态动词语气辨析，填空强化反身代词人称匹配|针对中考高频易错点，实现基础考点逐个突破| |综合提升|3语篇|语法选择融合健康语境，短文填空考查固定搭配|从单句到语篇，提升语言综合运用能力与思维品质|

Unit 2 Stay Healthy 核心语法精练（表建议的情态动词(should、could)和反身代词） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 9 三、完成句子 10 1 一、语法选择 11 二、短文填空 13 表建议的情态动词(should、could) 一、基础规则 should、could 都是情态动词，后面全部加动词原形，无人称、单复数变化。 1. should 应该 否定式：shouldn’t = should not 不应该 2. could 可以（委婉提建议，不表示过去） 二、should 的用法（劝告，强调正确、必须做/不能做） 用来劝告、提醒对方，这件事对你健康有利，是正确的做法。 1. You should drink enough water every day. 你应该每天喝足够的水。 2. We should sleep for eight hours every night. 我们每晚应该睡八小时。 3. You shouldn’t eat too much junk food. 你不应该吃太多垃圾食品。 4. Should she take exercise after meals? 她饭后应该运动吗？ 三、could 的用法（委婉提议，提供可选方案） 语气柔和，只是给对方一个可选办法，不强求，只是建议一种可行方式。 1. If you feel tired, you could take a short walk. 如果你觉得累，可以散一小会儿步。 2. You could eat more fruit to keep healthy. 你可以多吃水果来保持健康。 3. You could go running in the morning. 你可以早上跑步。 四、should 和 could 核心区分（考试重点） 1. should：侧重“健康需要，理应这么做”，劝告、要求式建议 You should exercise every day. 你每天都应该锻炼。（保持健康必须做的事） 2. could：侧重“你可以试试这个方法”，多种选择里的一种提议 You could exercise by playing basketball. 你可以打篮球锻炼身体。（锻炼的其中一种方式） 反身代词 反身代词形式 单数+self 词义 复数+selves 词义 第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 himself 他自己 themselves 他们/她们/它们 自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己 【结构】 第一、二人称：形容词性物主代词+self/selves 第三人称：宾格+self/selves 反身代词用法 1. 作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的执行者自己 The little boy can dress himself now. 2. 作同位语，用来加强语气，常位于要强调的词后 You yourself can do it well. 3. 用于某些固定短语中：①enjoy oneself 玩得高兴 ②by oneself 独自 ③help oneself to...随便吃/用 一、单项选择 1．In China, you ________ stick your chopsticks into the rice. It means bad luck. A．should B．shouldn’t C．need D．needn’t 2．—Look at the sign. You ________ keep quiet in the library. —Oh, sorry. I didn’t notice it. A．might B．would C．could D．should 3．You ________ cross the road when the traffic light is red. It’s dangerous. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．must D．can 4．The team ________ discuss the plan first before voting. A．shouldn’t B．should C．can’t D．has to 5．We ________ stay lazy. Growing up means working hard and taking responsibility. A．must B．mustn’t C．should D．shouldn’t 6．We ________ try to protect natural wonders, because they are precious gifts from nature. A．is B．are C．should D．shouldn’t 7．We ________ do exercise every day. It’s good for keeping our bodies strong. A．must B．mustn’t C．should D．shouldn’t 8．Students ________ listen carefully in class. A．can B．may C．should D．needn’t 9．You ________ eat too much junk food, because it’s unhealthy. A．should B．shouldn’t C．could 10．—________ I take some medicine for the headache? —Yes, you should. A．Can B．Must C．Should D．May 11．They are late for class. They ________ get up earlier tomorrow. A．should B．shouldn’t C．can D．may 12．________ you turn down the TV, please? I’m writing a report. A．Must B．Could C．Should D．Might 13．Allen fell down from the bike, but he didn’t hurt ________. A．him B．his C．himself D．he 14．We failed the basketball match, but we believe ________ and will try harder next time! A．myself B．yourselves C．ourselves D．themselves 15．Paper craft is not just a fun activity for us. It’s also a creative way to express ________. A．himself B．yourself C．themselves D．ourselves 16．To protect their eyesight (视力), students should learn to look after ________ well and avoid long hours of screen time. A．themselves B．yourself C．himself D．ourselves 17．When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________. A．myself; mine B．me; myself C．my; myself 18．Don’t lose ________ in computer games, boys. It’s bad for your eyes. A．yourself B．yourselves C．themselves D．ourselves 19．—Did you make this cake by ________? —Yes, I learned it all by ________. A．you; myself B．yourself; me C．yourself; myself D．you; me 20．Don’t touch the glass, boys and girls, or you may hurt ________. A．your B．yourself C．yourselves 二、单词正确形式填空 21．Boys and girls, you should believe in ________ when facing difficulties.  (you) 22．We should be careful with the knife in the kitchen, or we will hurt ________ (we) by accident. 23．The children enjoyed ________ (they) at the amusement park last Sunday. 24．I can finish the project by ________ (I). I don’t need any help. 25．Lily has a runny nose and a cough, so she decides to go to the hospital by ________ (she) after school. 26．We are old enough to take care of ________ (we) at school now. 27．The cat in the mirror is ________ (it). 28．I bought ________ (I) a new dictionary yesterday. 29．The artist ________ (he) will come to our school. 30．Did they enjoy________ (they) at the party last Sunday? 三、完成句子 31．他试图起床，差点摔倒伤到自己。 He tried to get out of bed, and he almost fell and ________ ________. 32．我们应该学会照顾自己。 We should learn to ________ ________ ________. 33．我们应该学会照顾自己，保持健康。 We should learn to ________ ________ ________ and stay healthy. 34．我的父母鼓励我自己决定任何事情。 My parents encourage me to decide anything ________ ________. 35．这个男孩尝试自己点餐。 The boy tried to order food __________ __________. 36．玲玲生日时给自己买了一条漂亮的裙子。 Lingling ________ ________ a beautiful skirt on her birthday. 37．当我从自行车上摔下来时，我伤了自己。 I hurt ________ when I ________ ________ my bike. 38．You should tell your coach the truth.（改为否定句） You ________ ________ your coach the truth. 39．你不应该在图书馆大声说话。 You ________ ________ talk loudly in the library. 40．你下次不应该吃那么多。 You _________ _________ so much next time. 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Last weekend, my little brother Tom didn’t feel well. He had 1 sore throat and a headache. Mom thought he might have a fever, so she told him to lie down and rest. She also took his temperature, but it was normal. “Maybe you ate too much gas-producing food. It gives you a stomachache,” I said. But Tom shook his head. 2 worse, he started to cough. Mom decided to take him to the hospital. At the hospital, the doctor did a 3 test and said Tom had the flu. He asked Tom to take some medicine and wear a mask to stop the virus from 4 to others. 5 important it is to stay healthy! I learned that we should avoid staying up late. We must protect 6 from illness. Tom was in pain but he knew 7 bad habits could cause this. “Remember, 8 careless,” the doctor said to Tom. “You need to take good care of yourself.” 9 , Tom followed the doctor’s advice and got better soon. He learned that health is the 10 wealth (财富). 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．What B．What’s C．How 3．A．quick B．quickly C．more quick 4．A．spread B．spreads C．spreading 5．A．What B．What an C．How 6．A．we B．us C．ourselves 7．A．few B．a few C．little 8．A．not be B．don’t be C．be not 9．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckily 10．A．great B．greater C．greatest 二、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 James lived in the city with his friend Allen. It was their first time living away from their families, and they enjoyed learning how to do many things 1 (they). One Saturday, James decided to make fried chicken, 2 (one), he poured oil into a pan. Then he turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. Just then, he heard the front door open, followed by the sound of Allen singing. “Guess what,” Allen called out 3 (happy). “We won!” “No way!” James followed him into the living room. He wanted to hear all about the football game! Suddenly, Allen stopped talking 4 looked up. “Hey, do you smell something burning?” “Oh no!” They both rushed back into the kitchen. The pan was on fire! Large flames were 5 (jump) into the air. In a panic, James turned off the stove at once. But he was so close to the pan that 6 flame jumped onto his shirt. James 7 (cry) out and threw himself to the floor. He put out the fire 8 rolling on the ground, but the pan was still burning! “Get water, quick!” he shouted. Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. Thanks to the first aid and 9 (safe) classes he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse! Instead, he rushed to get the fire extinguisher. In 10 (second), the fire in the burning pan was put out. 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置 (如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式; 如无提示词, 则填入1个适当的单词)。 Health and safety are of great importance in our daily life. Last Monday, Lily felt really terrible. Her mother took her temperature at once and found she had a high fever. So they hurried to the hospital. The doctor checked her 1 (careful). He told her mother that Lily was suffering 2 a very bad cold. He gave her some pills and advised her 3 (have) a good rest at home. On the way home, they saw 4 man riding a bike in front. Suddenly, the man lost control and fell off the bike. He got hurt badly, and there were some injuries on his hands and legs. Lily and her mother 5 (run) to help deal with the injuries without hesitation. Then they called the emergency number for help. They didn’t leave 6 the ambulance (救护车) came. This experience made Lily deeply realize that people 7 (pay) more attention to their health and safety. Please 8 (be) more careful to avoid any harm when you are outside. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt 9 (us). What’s more, knowing some basic first aid skills can be really helpful when facing 10 (accident). Also a clean environment is good for our health, so we should try our best to protect the environment. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Stay Healthy 核心语法精练（表建议的情态动词(should、could)和反身代词） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 9 三、完成句子 10 1 一、语法选择 11 二、短文填空 13 表建议的情态动词(should、could) 一、基础规则 should、could 都是情态动词，后面全部加动词原形，无人称、单复数变化。 1. should 应该 否定式：shouldn’t = should not 不应该 2. could 可以（委婉提建议，不表示过去） 二、should 的用法（劝告，强调正确、必须做/不能做） 用来劝告、提醒对方，这件事对你健康有利，是正确的做法。 1. You should drink enough water every day. 你应该每天喝足够的水。 2. We should sleep for eight hours every night. 我们每晚应该睡八小时。 3. You shouldn’t eat too much junk food. 你不应该吃太多垃圾食品。 4. Should she take exercise after meals? 她饭后应该运动吗？ 三、could 的用法（委婉提议，提供可选方案） 语气柔和，只是给对方一个可选办法，不强求，只是建议一种可行方式。 1. If you feel tired, you could take a short walk. 如果你觉得累，可以散一小会儿步。 2. You could eat more fruit to keep healthy. 你可以多吃水果来保持健康。 3. You could go running in the morning. 你可以早上跑步。 四、should 和 could 核心区分（考试重点） 1. should：侧重“健康需要，理应这么做”，劝告、要求式建议 You should exercise every day. 你每天都应该锻炼。（保持健康必须做的事） 2. could：侧重“你可以试试这个方法”，多种选择里的一种提议 You could exercise by playing basketball. 你可以打篮球锻炼身体。（锻炼的其中一种方式） 反身代词 反身代词形式 单数+self 词义 复数+selves 词义 第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 himself 他自己 themselves 他们/她们/它们 自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己 【结构】 第一、二人称：形容词性物主代词+self/selves 第三人称：宾格+self/selves 反身代词用法 1. 作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的执行者自己 The little boy can dress himself now. 2. 作同位语，用来加强语气，常位于要强调的词后 You yourself can do it well. 3. 用于某些固定短语中：①enjoy oneself 玩得高兴 ②by oneself 独自 ③help oneself to...随便吃/用 一、单项选择 1．In China, you ________ stick your chopsticks into the rice. It means bad luck. A．should B．shouldn’t C．need D．needn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在中国，你不应该把筷子插进米饭里。这意味着坏运气。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；need需要；needn’t不必。根据“It means bad luck.”可知把筷子插进米饭里意味着坏运气，所以是不应该做的。应填shouldn’t。 2．—Look at the sign. You ________ keep quiet in the library. —Oh, sorry. I didn’t notice it. A．might B．would C．could D．should 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——看这个标志。在图书馆你应该保持安静。——哦，抱歉。我没注意到。 might可能；would将要；could能够；should应该。根据“Look at the sign”可知是图书馆的规定，表示“应该”保持安静，应填should。 3．You ________ cross the road when the traffic light is red. It’s dangerous. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．must D．can 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当交通信号灯是红色时，你不应该过马路。那样很危险。 needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该；must必须；can能，可以。根据“It’s dangerous.”可知，红灯时过马路危险，推测出是不应该做的。故填shouldn’t。 4．The team ________ discuss the plan first before voting. A．shouldn’t B．should C．can’t D．has to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这支队伍在投票之前应该先讨论这个方案。 shouldn’t不应该，表否定建议；should应该，表肯定建议；can’t不能，表否定能力/禁止；has to不得不，强调客观必要性。根据常理逻辑，投票前先商议方案是合理的正向建议，应填should。 5．We ________ stay lazy. Growing up means working hard and taking responsibility. A．must B．mustn’t C．should D．shouldn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们不应该偷懒。成长意味着努力工作和承担责任。 must必须；mustn’t禁止；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Growing up means working hard and taking responsibility”可知，此处是建议“不应该”偷懒，用shouldn’t更符合语境, mustn’t语气过重，不符合日常建议的语境，应填shouldn’t。 6．We ________ try to protect natural wonders, because they are precious gifts from nature. A．is B．are C．should D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该努力保护自然奇观，因为它们是大自然珍贵的礼物 is是；are是；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“because they are precious gifts from nature”可知，自然奇观是珍贵的礼物，因此我们“应该”保护它们。should后接动词原形try，符合语境。 7．We ________ do exercise every day. It’s good for keeping our bodies strong. A．must B．mustn’t C．should D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该每天锻炼。这对保持身体强壮有好处。 must必须；mustn’t禁止；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“do exercise”以及“It’s good for keeping our bodies strong.”可知，锻炼对身体有益，此处是提出建议，应用should。 8．Students ________ listen carefully in class. A．can B．may C．should D．needn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学生们在课堂上应该认真听讲。 can能够；may可以；should应该；needn’t不必。根据语境可知，认真听讲是学生在课堂上应尽的义务或规范，表示“应该”，因此用should。 9．You ________ eat too much junk food, because it’s unhealthy. A．should B．shouldn’t C．could 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你不应该吃太多垃圾食品，因为它不健康。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；could能够。根据后半句“because it’s unhealthy”可知，垃圾食品对健康不利，所以建议不应该吃太多。 10．—________ I take some medicine for the headache? —Yes, you should. A．Can B．Must C．Should D．May 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我应该吃点药治头痛吗？——是的，你应该。 Can能；Must必须；Should应该；May可能。根据答语“Yes, you should.”可知，问句是征求建议，且答语中使用了“should”，问句也应用Should引导以保持一致。应填Should。 11．They are late for class. They ________ get up earlier tomorrow. A．should B．shouldn’t C．can D．may 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们上课迟到了。他们明天应该早点起床。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；can能；may可能。根据“They are late for class.”可知迟到了，所以明天应该早点起床。应填should。 12．________ you turn down the TV, please? I’m writing a report. A．Must B．Could C．Should D．Might 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能把电视声音调低一点吗？我在写报告。 Must必须；Could能，表示委婉请求；Should应该；Might可能。根据“...you turn down the TV, please?”可知，句中有please，表示礼貌的请求，应用Could表示委婉语气。 13．Allen fell down from the bike, but he didn’t hurt ________. A．him B．his C．himself D．he 【答案】C 【详解】句意：艾伦从自行车上摔了下来，但他没有伤到他自己。 him他；his他的；himself他自己；he他。根据主语he可知，动作的承受者也是他自己，当主语和宾语指同一个人时，宾语需用反身代词，hurt oneself表示“伤到某人自己”。 14．We failed the basketball match, but we believe ________ and will try harder next time! A．myself B．yourselves C．ourselves D．themselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们输掉了篮球比赛，但我们相信我们自己，下次会更加努力！ myself我自己；yourselves你们自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己。根据主语“We”可知，宾语与主语形成反身关系，意为“我们自己”，应填ourselves。 15．Paper craft is not just a fun activity for us. It’s also a creative way to express ________. A．himself B．yourself C．themselves D．ourselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：纸艺对我们来说不仅仅是一项有趣的活动。它也是一种表达我们自己的创造性方式。 himself他自己；yourself你自己；themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己。根据前一句“Paper craft is not just a fun activity for us.”中的“us”可知，此处逻辑对象为“我们”，express oneself意为“表达某人自己”，反身代词需与us的人称保持一致，应用ourselves，意为“我们自己”。 16．To protect their eyesight (视力), students should learn to look after ________ well and avoid long hours of screen time. A．themselves B．yourself C．himself D．ourselves 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了保护视力，学生们应该学会照顾好自己，避免长时间看屏幕。 themselves他们自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己；ourselves我们自己。根据主语“students”可知，此处指“学生们照顾好他们自己”，即动作的发起者与承受者为同一主体，空处作为及物动词短语“look after”的宾语，需用与之相对应的第三人称复数反身代词themselves。 17．When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________. A．myself; mine B．me; myself C．my; myself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我的父母出差时，我照顾我自己。 myself我自己；mine我的……；me我（宾格）；my我的。第一空修饰名词“parents”，需用形容词性物主代词my；第二空主语为I，宾语指代主语自身，需用反身代词myself。 18．Don’t lose ________ in computer games, boys. It’s bad for your eyes. A．yourself B．yourselves C．themselves D．ourselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：男孩们，不要沉迷于电脑游戏。这对你们的眼睛不好。 yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己。lose oneself in为固定短语，意为“沉迷于……”。本句为祈使句，隐含主语为you，根据称呼语“boys”可知是复数，故反身代词应用第二人称复数yourselves。 19．—Did you make this cake by ________? —Yes, I learned it all by ________. A．you; myself B．yourself; me C．yourself; myself D．you; me 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个蛋糕是你自己做的吗？ ——是的，我全是自学的。 you你；myself我自己；yourself你自己；me我（宾格）。“by oneself”表示“独自地”，主语“you”对应的反身代词是yourself；答句中主语“I”对应的反身代词是myself。所以选C。 20．Don’t touch the glass, boys and girls, or you may hurt ________. A．your B．yourself C．yourselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：孩子们，不要碰玻璃，否则你们可能会伤到你们自己。 your你的，你们的；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己。根据句中“boys and girls”可知，主语“you”指代复数概念“你们”，当宾语与主语指代同一对象时需用反身代词，复数形式应用yourselves。 二、单词正确形式填空 21．Boys and girls, you should believe in ________ when facing difficulties.  (you) 【答案】 yourselves 【详解】句意：孩子们，面对困难时你们应该相信你们自己。believe in oneself表示“相信自己”，因此空格处应填you的反身代词；结合“Boys and girls”可知，此处表示复数，空格处应用主语“you”对应的复数反身代词“yourselves”，意为“你们自己”。 22．We should be careful with the knife in the kitchen, or we will hurt ________ (we) by accident. 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：我们在厨房里使用刀具要小心，否则我们会不小心伤到我们自己。hurt oneself意为“伤到自己”，主语为we，对应反身代词为ourselves。 23．The children enjoyed ________ (they) at the amusement park last Sunday. 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：上周日孩子们在游乐园玩得很开心。“enjoy oneself”是固定搭配，意为“玩得开心”；主语“The children”是复数，对应的反身代词是“themselves”。故填themselves。 24．I can finish the project by ________ (I). I don’t need any help. 【答案】myself 【详解】句意：我可以独自完成这个项目。我不需要任何帮助。“by oneself”意为“独自、靠自己”，括号内的主语是“I”，对应的反身代词为“myself”。 25．Lily has a runny nose and a cough, so she decides to go to the hospital by ________ (she) after school. 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：莉莉流鼻涕还咳嗽，所以她决定放学后自己去医院。by oneself意为“独自、自己”。she对应的反身代词是herself。故填herself。 26．We are old enough to take care of ________ (we) at school now. 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：我们现在已经足够大了，在学校可以照顾自己了。根据“take care of”及句意，主语We与宾语为同一人称，应用反身代词作宾语。we的反身代词是ourselves。 27．The cat in the mirror is ________ (it). 【答案】itself 【详解】句意：镜子里的猫是它自己。根据“The cat in the mirror”可知，此处指镜子里的猫是它自己，应用反身代词“itself（它自己）”作表语。 28．I bought ________ (I) a new dictionary yesterday. 【答案】myself 【详解】句意：昨天我给自己买了一本新字典。I“我”，句中“bought”为动词，后面需要用反身代词作宾语，表示动作回到主语本身，I的反身代词形式是myself，意为“我自己”。 29．The artist ________ (he) will come to our school. 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：这位艺术家本人将到我们学校。此处需要反身代词作主语The artist的同位语，起强调作用，因此将主格he变为对应的反身代词himself，符合句子表意和语法要求。 30．Did they enjoy________ (they) at the party last Sunday? 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：他们上周日在聚会上玩得开心吗？enjoy oneself为固定搭配，意为“玩得开心”，主语为“they”，需用对应反身代词themselves。 三、完成句子 31．他试图起床，差点摔倒伤到自己。 He tried to get out of bed, and he almost fell and ________ ________. 【答案】 hurt himself 【详解】原句中“伤到自己”为关键信息，and连接并列谓语，时态与fell保持一致，用过去式hurt，“他自己”对应反身代词himself。 32．我们应该学会照顾自己。 We should learn to ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 look after ourselves 【详解】原句中“照顾自己”是关键词，表示“照顾”的短语是look after，“自己”对应反身代词ourselves。本句中“learn to do sth.”后接动词原形，故填look；after；ourselves。 33．我们应该学会照顾自己，保持健康。 We should learn to ________ ________ ________ and stay healthy. 【答案】 look after ourselves 【详解】原句中“照顾自己”是关键词，表示“照顾自己”的短语是look after oneself，主语是We，对应的反身代词是ourselves。不定式符号to后接动词原形。 34．我的父母鼓励我自己决定任何事情。 My parents encourage me to decide anything ________ ________. 【答案】 by myself 【详解】原句中“自己”是关键词，表示“自己”的短语是by oneself。题干中是“我自己”，故反身代词用myself。故填by；myself。 35．这个男孩尝试自己点餐。 The boy tried to order food __________ __________. 【答案】 by himself 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“靠自己”，by oneself“靠某人自己”，主语是The boy，故反身代词用himself。故填by；himself。 36．玲玲生日时给自己买了一条漂亮的裙子。 Lingling ________ ________ a beautiful skirt on her birthday. 【答案】 bought herself 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“给自己买”，buy“买”，oneself“某人自己”，buy+某人+某物“给某人买某物”，时态为一般过去时。buy过去式为bought，主语为Lingling，她自己为“herself”，故填bought；herself。 37．当我从自行车上摔下来时，我伤了自己。 I hurt ________ when I ________ ________ my bike. 【答案】 myself fell off 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一处缺少“自己”，主语为I，反身代词用myself；第二处缺少“从……摔下来”，对应的英文短语是fall off。句中“hurt”为一般过去时，when引导的时间状语从句时态也用一般过去时，fall的过去式为fell，故填myself；fell；off。 38．You should tell your coach the truth.（改为否定句） You ________ ________ your coach the truth. 【答案】 shouldn’t tell 【详解】句意：你应该告诉你的教练真相。原句中含有情态动词should，变为否定句时，需在should后加not，通常缩写为shouldn’t，后面接动词原形tell。 39．你不应该在图书馆大声说话。 You ________ ________ talk loudly in the library. 【答案】 should not 【详解】原句中“不应该”是关键词，表示“不应该”的短语是should not，表建议。 40．你下次不应该吃那么多。 You _________ _________ so much next time. 【答案】 shouldn’t eat 【详解】原句中“不应该”“吃”是关键词，表示“不应该”的单词是shouldn’t，情态动词后接动词原形，“吃”用eat，故填shouldn’t；eat。 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Last weekend, my little brother Tom didn’t feel well. He had 1 sore throat and a headache. Mom thought he might have a fever, so she told him to lie down and rest. She also took his temperature, but it was normal. “Maybe you ate too much gas-producing food. It gives you a stomachache,” I said. But Tom shook his head. 2 worse, he started to cough. Mom decided to take him to the hospital. At the hospital, the doctor did a 3 test and said Tom had the flu. He asked Tom to take some medicine and wear a mask to stop the virus from 4 to others. 5 important it is to stay healthy! I learned that we should avoid staying up late. We must protect 6 from illness. Tom was in pain but he knew 7 bad habits could cause this. “Remember, 8 careless,” the doctor said to Tom. “You need to take good care of yourself.” 9 , Tom followed the doctor’s advice and got better soon. He learned that health is the 10 wealth (财富). 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．What B．What’s C．How 3．A．quick B．quickly C．more quick 4．A．spread B．spreads C．spreading 5．A．What B．What an C．How 6．A．we B．us C．ourselves 7．A．few B．a few C．little 8．A．not be B．don’t be C．be not 9．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckily 10．A．great B．greater C．greatest 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的弟弟汤姆上周生病就医的经历，通过医生的建议和治疗，汤姆很快康复并明白了健康的重要性。 1．句意：他喉咙痛且头痛。 “have a sore throat”表示“嗓子疼”，是固定表达，sore以辅音音素开头应用a。 2．句意：更糟糕的是，他开始咳嗽。 “What’s worse”是固定用法，表示“更糟糕的是”。 3．句意：在医院，医生做了一个快速测试，并说Tom得了流感。 修饰名词“test”，需用形容词quick。quickly是副词；more quick是比较级，均不能修饰名词。 4．句意：医生让他吃药并戴上口罩，以防止病毒传播给他人。 “stop...from doing sth.”表示“阻止……做某事”，from后接动名词形式，spreading符合此结构。 5．句意：保持健康是多么重要啊！ 根据“important it is”可知是“形容词+主谓”结构，用How引导感叹句。What修饰名词；What an修饰单数可数名词，均不符合。 6．句意：我们必须保护我们自己免受疾病侵害。 主语“We”和宾语指代同一对象，需用反身代词ourselves。we是主格；us是宾格，但不表示反身均不符合。 7．句意：Tom很痛苦，但他知道一些坏习惯会导致这一切。 “habits”是可数名词复数，且语境表示肯定含义，用a few。few表否定；little修饰不可数名词，均不符合。 8．句意：记住，不要粗心。 祈使句否定结构为“Don’t+动词原形”，所以用don’t be。not be缺少助动词；be not语序错误，均不符合。 9．句意：幸运地是，汤姆听从了建议，很快就好了。 空处位于句首，修饰整个句子，需用副词Luckily。Luck是名词；Lucky是形容词，均不符合。 10．句意：他明白了健康是最大的财富。 根据定冠词“the”，可知此处需用最高级greatest。great是原级；greater是比较级，均不符合。 二、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 James lived in the city with his friend Allen. It was their first time living away from their families, and they enjoyed learning how to do many things 1 (they). One Saturday, James decided to make fried chicken, 2 (one), he poured oil into a pan. Then he turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. Just then, he heard the front door open, followed by the sound of Allen singing. “Guess what,” Allen called out 3 (happy). “We won!” “No way!” James followed him into the living room. He wanted to hear all about the football game! Suddenly, Allen stopped talking 4 looked up. “Hey, do you smell something burning?” “Oh no!” They both rushed back into the kitchen. The pan was on fire! Large flames were 5 (jump) into the air. In a panic, James turned off the stove at once. But he was so close to the pan that 6 flame jumped onto his shirt. James 7 (cry) out and threw himself to the floor. He put out the fire 8 rolling on the ground, but the pan was still burning! “Get water, quick!” he shouted. Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. Thanks to the first aid and 9 (safe) classes he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse! Instead, he rushed to get the fire extinguisher. In 10 (second), the fire in the burning pan was put out. 【答案】 1．themselves 2．first 3．happily 4．and 5．jumping 6．a 7．cried 8．by 9．safety 10．seconds 【导语】本文讲述了詹姆斯和艾伦独自在外居住，一天詹姆斯做炸鸡时导致油锅起火，詹姆斯被火苗引燃衣服，艾伦凭借学到的安全急救知识迅速灭火的故事。 1．句意：他们喜欢学习独自做很多事。do sth. oneself 表示“独自做某事”，主语是they，需用其反身代词themselves。 2．句意：首先，他往锅里倒油。后文出现关键词Then，结合提示词one可知，此处表示“首先”，对应序数词first，句首首字母大写，故填First。 3．句意：艾伦开心地大喊。修饰动词短语called out，要用副词，happy的副词形式是happily。 4．句意：突然，艾伦停止说话并抬起头。stopped talking和looked up是并列的谓语动作，用并列连词and连接。 5．句意：巨大的火苗窜向空中。描述火灾正在发生，用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”，jump的现在分词是jumping。 6．句意：他离锅太近了，以至于一团火苗窜到了他的衬衫上。flame是可数名词单数且以辅音音素开头，此处表泛指“一团火苗”，用不定冠词a。 7．句意：詹姆斯大叫一声扑倒在地。根据“and threw himself to the floor”可知本句时态为一般过去时，cry的过去式为cried。 8．句意：他通过在地上打滚扑灭了身上的火。by doing sth.表示“通过做某事”，表方式。 9．句意：多亏了他在学校上的急救和安全课程。safety classes意为“安全课程”，用名词safety修饰classes。 10．句意：几秒内，锅里的火就被扑灭了。in seconds意为“瞬间；几秒内”，second用复数形式。 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置 (如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式; 如无提示词, 则填入1个适当的单词)。 Health and safety are of great importance in our daily life. Last Monday, Lily felt really terrible. Her mother took her temperature at once and found she had a high fever. So they hurried to the hospital. The doctor checked her 1 (careful). He told her mother that Lily was suffering 2 a very bad cold. He gave her some pills and advised her 3 (have) a good rest at home. On the way home, they saw 4 man riding a bike in front. Suddenly, the man lost control and fell off the bike. He got hurt badly, and there were some injuries on his hands and legs. Lily and her mother 5 (run) to help deal with the injuries without hesitation. Then they called the emergency number for help. They didn’t leave 6 the ambulance (救护车) came. This experience made Lily deeply realize that people 7 (pay) more attention to their health and safety. Please 8 (be) more careful to avoid any harm when you are outside. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt 9 (us). What’s more, knowing some basic first aid skills can be really helpful when facing 10 (accident). Also a clean environment is good for our health, so we should try our best to protect the environment. 【答案】 1．carefully 2．from 3．to have 4．a 5．ran 6．until 7．should pay 8．be 9．ourselves 10．accidents 【导语】 本文讲述了莉莉上周一因发烧去医院，在回家路上遇到有人骑车摔倒受伤，她和母亲帮忙处理并等待救护车，这次经历让她意识到人们应多关注健康和安全，还提到要小心避免受伤、掌握急救技能以及保护环境对健康有益。 1．句意：医生仔细地给她做了检查。“checked”是动词，要用副词修饰，“careful”的副词形式是“carefully”，所以填carefully。 2．句意：他告诉莉莉的妈妈，莉莉患了重感冒。“suffer from”是固定短语，意为“遭受；患（病）”，所以填from。 3．句意：他给了她一些药，并建议她在家好好休息。“advise sb. to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“建议某人做某事”，所以填to have。 4．句意：在回家的路上，他们看到前面有一个人骑着自行车。“man”是可数名词单数，且此处表示泛指“一个人”，“man”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词“a”，所以填a。 5．句意：莉莉和她的妈妈毫不犹豫地跑过去帮忙处理伤口。根据上下文可知，事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时，“run”的过去式是“ran”，所以填ran。 6．句意：他们直到救护车来了才离开。“not...until...”是固定句型，意为“直到……才……”，所以填until。 7．句意：这次经历让莉莉深刻地意识到人们应该更加关注他们的健康和安全。根据语境可知，这里表示建议或应该做某事，“should”表示“应该”，后接动词原形，所以填should pay。 8．句意：当你在外面的时候，请更加小心以避免任何伤害。“please”后接动词原形，构成祈使句，所以填be。 9．句意：如果我们不小心，我们很容易伤害到自己。“hurt oneself”表示“伤害自己”，主语是“we”，对应的反身代词是“ourselves”，所以填ourselves。 10．句意：更重要的是，当面对事故时，掌握一些基本的急救技能真的很有帮助。“accident”是可数名词，此处表示泛指“事故”，要用复数形式“accidents”，所以填accidents。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $