Unit2暑期讲义2026～2027学年仁爱科普版九年级上册

UNIT 2 / Brilliant Thoughts Big Question: What is invention in your eyes? 📚 重点词汇（含词族拓展） Preparing for the Topic wooden /ˈwʊdn/ adj. 木制的；木头的 词族拓展（重点！）： wood (n. 木头，木材) → wooden (adj. 木制的) -en 作形容词后缀：wood → wooden；wool → woolen（羊毛的）；gold → golden（金色的）；silk → silken（丝制的） The desk is made of wood, so it's a wooden desk. （这张桌子是木头做的，所以是一张木桌。） inventor /ɪnˈventə(r)/ n. 发明家 词族拓展（重点！）： invent (v. 发明) → inventor (n. 发明家) → invention (n. 发明物) -or / -er 表示"做某事的人"：invent → inventor；teach → teacher；work → worker；act → actor invent vs. discover（中考必考辨析）： invent = 发明，创造出原来没有的东西（如：爱迪生发明电灯 Edison invented the light bulb） discover = 发现，找到原来就存在但未被发现的东西（如：哥伦布发现美洲 Columbus discovered America） Thomas Edison was a great inventor. （托马斯·爱迪生是一位伟大的发明家。） discovery /dɪˈskʌvəri/ n. 发现；发觉 词族拓展： discover (v. 发现) → discovery (n. 发现) → discoverer (n. 发现者) 复数：discoveries The discovery of America changed the world. （美洲的发现改变了世界。） Exploring the Topic position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 位置；地位；职位 hold a leading position in position apply for a position China holds a leading position in high-speed railway technology. （中国在高铁技术方面处于领先地位。） print /prɪnt/ v. / n. v. 印刷；打印；n. 印刷品；印记 词族拓展： print (v. 印刷) → printer (n. 打印机；印刷工) → printing (n. 印刷业；印刷) 短 语：print out 打印出来 / in print 已出版 / out of print 已绝版 / movable type printing 活字印刷术 Please print out the document. （请把这份文件打印出来。） This book is still in print. （这本书仍在印刷中。） Grammar in Use broaden /ˈbrɔːdn/ v. 增长；变宽；变阔 词族拓展（重点！后缀 -en 作动词后缀）： broad (adj. 宽的) + -en → broaden (v. 拓宽) wide → widen（加宽）；short → shorten（缩短）；dark → darken（变暗）；sharp → sharpen（削尖） rich → enrich（使丰富）；deep → deepen（加深）；strong → strengthen（加强） Traveling can broaden your mind. （旅行可以开阔你的眼界。） sharp /ʃɑːp/ adj. 锋利的；尖锐的；敏锐的 sharp (adj. 锋利的) → sharpen (v. 削尖；磨快) → sharpener (n. 卷笔刀；磨刀器) 短 语：a sharp knife 锋利的刀 / a sharp mind 敏锐的头脑 / at 7 o'clock sharp 七点整 Be careful! The knife is very sharp. （小心！刀子很锋利。） The meeting started at 8 o'clock sharp. （会议在八点整开始。） Developing & Wrapping Up imaginative /ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/ adj. 富于想象力的；创新的 词族拓展（重点！）： imagine (v. 想象) → imagination (n. 想象力) imaginative (adj. 富于想象力的，修饰人) ↔ imaginary (adj. 想象中的，虚构的) 短 语：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 / beyond imagination 超出想象 例句：Children are very imaginative.（孩子们很有想象力。） The story is from his imagination.（这个故事出自他的想象。） Imagine you are flying in the sky. （想象一下你正在天空中飞翔。） The little girl has rich imagination. （这个小女孩有丰富的想象力。） awake / wake /əˈweɪk/ / /weɪk/ adj. / v. awake adj. 醒着的；v. 唤醒；wake v. 醒，醒来 词族拓展： wake (v. 醒) → woke (过去式) → woken (过去分词) awake (adj. 醒着的) ↔ asleep (adj. 睡着的) 搭配：wake up 醒来；stay awake 保持清醒；wide awake 完全清醒 I was still awake at midnight. （我半夜还醒着。） ✏ 词汇配套练习 📝 练习一：用括号内词的适当形式填空 1 Thomas Edison was a great ______ (invent). 2 The ______ (discover) of radium won Marie Curie the Nobel Prize. 3 Reading can ______ (broad) your mind. 4 Please ______ (sharp) your pencil before the exam. 5 Children are very ______ (imagine). 6 I was still ______ (wake) at 11 p.m. 📝 练习二：invent vs. discover 辨析 1 Bell ____ (invent / discover) the telephone in 1876. 2 Columbus ____ (invent / discover) America in 1492. 3 Edison ____ (invent / discover) more than 1,000 inventions in his life. 4 Scientists ____ (invented / discovered) a new star in the sky. 5 The Chinese ____ (invented / discovered) paper in ancient times. 📝 练习三：用 imaginative / imaginary / imagination / imagine 填空 1 Children usually have a good ____ (想象力). 2 The story is not real. It is completely ____ (虚构的). 3 He is an ____ (富于想象力的) writer. 4 Can you ____ (想象) life without the Internet? 5 The little girl has a vivid ____ (想象力). 📝 练习四：用 print / printer / printing 填空 1 Please ____ (print) this document for me. 2 The ____ (printer) is out of paper. 3 Movable type ____ (printing) was invented by Bi Sheng. 4 The book is in its third ____ (printing). 5 We need a colour ____ (printer) for the office. 📝 练习五：awake / asleep / wake 用法辨析 1 Don't ____ (wake) him up. He is sleeping. 2 He is still ____ (awake / asleep) at 2 a.m. He is reading a book. 3 The baby fell ____ (awake / asleep) soon. 4 I ____ (wake) up at 7 every morning. 5 My grandfather is a light sleeper. He is always ____ (awake / asleep). 🔗 重点短语（含详解） be made of 由……制成（能看出原材料） 用法讲解（重点！）： ① be made of：看得出原材料（物理变化）   • The desk is made of wood.（桌子是木头做的，能看出木头。） ② be made from：看不出原材料（化学变化）   • Paper is made from wood.（纸是木头做的，看不出木头。） ③ be made in + 产地：在……制造   • This phone is made in China.（这部手机是中国制造的。） ④ be made by + 制造者：由……制造   • It was made by my father.（这是我爸爸做的。） be used for 用于…… 用法讲解：for 是介词，后接名词或动名词（v-ing）。 完整结构是被动语态：be used for (doing) sth. 被用来做某事。 类似表达：be used to do sth. 被用来做某事（接动词原形）；be used as 被用作…… The lock is used for locking the door. （锁是用来锁门的。） It is said that ... 据说…… 用法讲解：英语中常用 It is + 过去分词 + that 从句，表示"据……"。 It is said that ... 据说…… It is reported that ... 据报道…… It is known that ... 众所周知…… 可转换为：People say that ... / As the saying goes, ... It is said that the compass was invented in China. （据说指南针是中国发明的。） bring about 引起；导致 同义表达：cause；lead to；result in 例句：The Internet has brought about great changes to our life.（互联网给我们的生活带来了巨大变化。） depend on 依赖于；取决于 用法讲解：on 是介词，后接名词或动名词。 例句：Whether we go depends on the weather.（我们是否去取决于天气。） day and night 日日夜夜；夜以继日 同义表达：day after day；night and day 例句：He worked day and night to finish the invention.（他夜以继日地工作来完成这项发明。） ✏ 短语配套练习 📝 练习一：用 be made of / be made from / be made in / be made by 填空 1 Wine is ____ ____ ____ grapes. 2 These chairs are ____ ____ ____ bamboo. 3 Where was this watch ____ ____? 4 This car was ____ ____ a famous company. 5 The table is ____ ____ ____ wood, so you can see the wood. 6 Cheese is ____ ____ ____ milk. 7 This kind of TV is ____ ____ Japan. 8 The cake was ____ ____ my grandma. 📝 练习二：be used for / be used as / be used to do 辨析填空 1 Knives are used ____ ____ (切) food. 2 Bamboo can ____ ____ ____ (被用作) building material. 3 This room ____ ____ ____ ____ (用来开会) every Monday. 4 English ____ ____ ____ (被用来) communicate with people from different countries. 5 The pen is used ____ ____ (写字). The pen is ____ ____ ____ a pen. 📝 练习三：用 It is said that / bring about / depend on / day and night 填空 1 ____ ____ ____ (据说) the compass was invented in ancient China. 2 The invention of the Internet has ____ ____ (带来) great changes to our life. 3 Whether we can go out ____ ____ (取决于) the weather. 4 He worked ____ ____ ____ (夜以继日) to finish the experiment. 5 Success ____ ____ (取决于) your hard work and patience. 📝 练习四：句型转换（用 It is said that ... 改写） 1 People say that the telephone was invented by Bell. → ____ ____ ____ the telephone ____ ____ by Bell. 2 People say that Edison invented the light bulb. → ____ ____ ____ Edison ____ ____ the light bulb. 3 People say that China invented paper first. → ____ ____ ____ China ____ ____ paper first. 📐 语法精讲 + 配套练习 一、后缀 -en（动词 / 形容词后缀） 1. -en 作动词后缀：加在形容词后，表示"使……变得" 2. -en 作形容词后缀：加在名词后，表示"由……制成的" 注意：enrich, encourage, enable 等词中 en- 是前缀（表示"使……"），不是后缀 -en，需区分！ 二、被动语态（一）Passive Voice (I) 构成：be + 过去分词（past participle） 易错点： ① 不及物动词（happen, take place, appear 等）无被动语态。    ✗ The accident was happened yesterday.    ✓ The accident happened yesterday. ② 及物动词短语（如 look after, take care of）变被动时，不能丢掉介词：    主动：We should take care of the children.    被动：The children should be taken care of. The first telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. Potato chips were invented by George Crum in 1853. Now, post-it notes are used all over the world. 三、be made + 介词辨析（中考常考易错点！） 核心问题：be made 后接不同介词，含义完全不同： 中考典型对比：   • 桌子 made of wood ← 你看到桌子，能辨认出是木头做的   • 纸 made from wood ← 你看到纸，无法辨认出是木头做的   • 木头 made into 纸 ← 木头→纸（方向与 of/from 相反） This sweater is made of wool.（这件毛衣是羊毛织的。——看得出羊毛） Wine is made from grapes.（葡萄酒是用葡萄酿的。——看不出葡萄） Grapes can be made into wine.（葡萄可以被酿成葡萄酒。） ✏ 语法配套练习 📝 练习一：将下列句子改为被动语态 1 People use the Internet widely today. → The Internet ____ widely ____ today. 2 Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. → The telephone ____ ____ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. 3 They built a new bridge last year. → A new bridge ____ ____ by them last year. 4 We should plant more trees. → More trees should ____ ____ by us. 5 People speak English in many countries. → English ____ ____ in many countries. 6 They will hold a meeting next Monday. → A meeting will ____ ____ by them next Monday. 7 We can see stars at night. → Stars ____ ____ at night. 8 My mother made the cake yesterday. → The cake ____ ____ by my mother yesterday. 📝 练习二：用 -en 后缀完成句子 1 Traveling can ____ (拓宽) your horizons. 2 Please ____ (削尖) your pencil before the test. 3 Reading good books can ____ (丰富) your mind. 4 The days are getting longer and the nights are ____ (变短). 5 The old man used exercise to ____ (加强) his body. 6 The river is getting ____ (变宽) year by year. 7 The color of the sky began to ____ (变暗). 8 We must ____ (加深) the friendship between us. 📝 练习三：判断下列句子是否正确（正确的写 T，错误的改错） 1 The meeting was taken place yesterday. （ ） 2 The accident happened last night. （ ） 3 The children are taken good care of by the nurse. （ ） 4 A new hospital will be built next year. （ ） 5 The book was written by Lu Xun. （ ） 📝 练习四：be made of / from / in / by / into 辨析填空 1 The chair is ____ wood. You can see the wood clearly. 2 Paper is ____ wood. You can't see the wood in paper. 3 This watch is ____ Switzerland. It's very famous. 4 The cake was ____ my mother. It tastes delicious. 5 Wood can be ____ paper, furniture and many other things. 6 Glass is ____ sand and other materials. 7 This shirt is ____ cotton. It feels soft. 📝 练习五：写出下列名词的 -en 形容词 1 wood → ____ （木制的） 2 wool → ____ （羊毛的） 3 gold → ____ （金色的） 4 silk → ____ （丝制的） 5 wax → ____ （蜡制的） 6 用上面的形容词造一个句子：This ____ bridge is very old. ✏ 重点句式 ① be made of / be used for — 描述物品材质与用途 — What's the lock made of? — It is made of metal. — What is it used for? — It is used for locking the door. ② It is said that ... — 据说……（被动句型） It is said that it was invented in 1879. ③ 被动语态（一般过去时） The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876. ④ 反义疑问句 These great inventions have truly changed the world, haven't they? ✏ 句式配套练习 📝 练习一：be made of / be used for 问答练习 1 桌子（wood）/ 用于学习。→ — What is the desk ____ ____? — It is ____ ____ wood. — What is it ____ ____? — It is ____ ____ ____. 2 筷子（bamboo）/ 用于吃饭。→ — What ____ chopsticks ____ ____? — They ____ ____ ____ bamboo. — What ____ they ____ ____? — They ____ ____ ____ food. 3 纸张（wood）/ 用于写字。→ ____ 📝 练习二：反义疑问句 1 The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876, ____ ____? 2 Paper was made in China first, ____ ____? 3 The Internet has changed our life a lot, ____ ____? 4 These inventions are very useful, ____ ____? 5 The compass wasn't invented in Europe, ____ ____? 📝 练习三：英汉互译（运用本单元重点句式） 1 据说指南针是中国古代发明的。 2 这把椅子是木头做的，用来坐着休息。 3 These great inventions have changed the world, haven't they? 4 The light bulb was invented by Edison in 1879. 📋 Unit 2 综合训练 综合卷一：词汇与短语综合运用（10 题） 1 The Chinese ____ (invent) of paper was a great ____ (achieve) in world history. 2 This chair is ____ ____ ____ wood, and this table is ____ ____ ____ steel. 3 The children are very ____ (imagine) and have vivid ____ (imagine). 4 ____ ____ ____ (据说) the compass was invented in ancient China. 5 The Internet has ____ ____ (带来) great changes to our life. 6 Whether we go to the park ____ ____ (取决于) the weather tomorrow. 7 Reading can ____ (broad) your mind, but it cannot ____ (long) your life. 8 My grandfather ____ (use) to ____ (work) day and night when he was young. 9 This pen is used ____ ____ (写字). It is also used ____ ____ a small gift for friends. 10 Please ____ (sharp) your pencil, and ____ (wide) the road so cars can pass. 综合卷二：被动语态与 -en 后缀综合 1 改被动语态：They invented the light bulb in 1879. → The light bulb ____ ____ by them in 1879. 2 改被动语态：We should protect the environment. → The environment should ____ ____ by us. 3 改被动语态：They will build a new library. → A new library ____ ____ ____ by them. 4 用 -en 形容词填空：This ____ (gold) ring is very beautiful. 5 用 -en 动词填空：The days are getting longer and the nights are ____ (short). 6 翻译：这本书被认为是鲁迅写的。 7 翻译：竹子被用来造纸。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 2 / Brilliant Thoughts Big Question: What is invention in your eyes? 📚 重点词汇（含词族拓展） Preparing for the Topic wooden /ˈwʊdn/ adj. 木制的；木头的 词族拓展（重点！）： wood (n. 木头，木材) → wooden (adj. 木制的) -en 作形容词后缀：wood → wooden；wool → woolen（羊毛的）；gold → golden（金色的）；silk → silken（丝制的） The desk is made of wood, so it's a wooden desk. （这张桌子是木头做的，所以是一张木桌。） inventor /ɪnˈventə(r)/ n. 发明家 词族拓展（重点！）： invent (v. 发明) → inventor (n. 发明家) → invention (n. 发明物) -or / -er 表示"做某事的人"：invent → inventor；teach → teacher；work → worker；act → actor invent vs. discover（中考必考辨析）： invent = 发明，创造出原来没有的东西（如：爱迪生发明电灯 Edison invented the light bulb） discover = 发现，找到原来就存在但未被发现的东西（如：哥伦布发现美洲 Columbus discovered America） Thomas Edison was a great inventor. （托马斯·爱迪生是一位伟大的发明家。） discovery /dɪˈskʌvəri/ n. 发现；发觉 词族拓展： discover (v. 发现) → discovery (n. 发现) → discoverer (n. 发现者) 复数：discoveries The discovery of America changed the world. （美洲的发现改变了世界。） Exploring the Topic position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 位置；地位；职位 hold a leading position in position apply for a position China holds a leading position in high-speed railway technology. （中国在高铁技术方面处于领先地位。） print /prɪnt/ v. / n. v. 印刷；打印；n. 印刷品；印记 词族拓展： print (v. 印刷) → printer (n. 打印机；印刷工) → printing (n. 印刷业；印刷) 短 语：print out 打印出来 / in print 已出版 / out of print 已绝版 / movable type printing 活字印刷术 Please print out the document. （请把这份文件打印出来。） This book is still in print. （这本书仍在印刷中。） Grammar in Use broaden /ˈbrɔːdn/ v. 增长；变宽；变阔 词族拓展（重点！后缀 -en 作动词后缀）： broad (adj. 宽的) + -en → broaden (v. 拓宽) wide → widen（加宽）；short → shorten（缩短）；dark → darken（变暗）；sharp → sharpen（削尖） rich → enrich（使丰富）；deep → deepen（加深）；strong → strengthen（加强） Traveling can broaden your mind. （旅行可以开阔你的眼界。） sharp /ʃɑːp/ adj. 锋利的；尖锐的；敏锐的 sharp (adj. 锋利的) → sharpen (v. 削尖；磨快) → sharpener (n. 卷笔刀；磨刀器) 短 语：a sharp knife 锋利的刀 / a sharp mind 敏锐的头脑 / at 7 o'clock sharp 七点整 Be careful! The knife is very sharp. （小心！刀子很锋利。） The meeting started at 8 o'clock sharp. （会议在八点整开始。） Developing & Wrapping Up imaginative /ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/ adj. 富于想象力的；创新的 词族拓展（重点！）： imagine (v. 想象) → imagination (n. 想象力) imaginative (adj. 富于想象力的，修饰人) ↔ imaginary (adj. 想象中的，虚构的) 短 语：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 / beyond imagination 超出想象 例句：Children are very imaginative.（孩子们很有想象力。） The story is from his imagination.（这个故事出自他的想象。） Imagine you are flying in the sky. （想象一下你正在天空中飞翔。） The little girl has rich imagination. （这个小女孩有丰富的想象力。） awake / wake /əˈweɪk/ / /weɪk/ adj. / v. awake adj. 醒着的；v. 唤醒；wake v. 醒，醒来 词族拓展： wake (v. 醒) → woke (过去式) → woken (过去分词) awake (adj. 醒着的) ↔ asleep (adj. 睡着的) 搭配：wake up 醒来；stay awake 保持清醒；wide awake 完全清醒 I was still awake at midnight. （我半夜还醒着。） ✏ 词汇配套练习 📝 练习一：用括号内词的适当形式填空 1 Thomas Edison was a great ______ (invent). 2 The ______ (discover) of radium won Marie Curie the Nobel Prize. 3 Reading can ______ (broad) your mind. 4 Please ______ (sharp) your pencil before the exam. 5 Children are very ______ (imagine). 6 I was still ______ (wake) at 11 p.m. 【参考答案】 1. inventor2. discovery3. broaden4. sharpen5. imaginative6. awake 📝 练习二：invent vs. discover 辨析 1 Bell ____ (invent / discover) the telephone in 1876. 2 Columbus ____ (invent / discover) America in 1492. 3 Edison ____ (invent / discover) more than 1,000 inventions in his life. 4 Scientists ____ (invented / discovered) a new star in the sky. 5 The Chinese ____ (invented / discovered) paper in ancient times. 【参考答案】 1. invented（电话是发明）2. discovered（美洲大陆是发现）3. invented（1000多项发明）4. discovered（恒星是发现，本来就存在）5. invented（纸是发明） 📝 练习三：用 imaginative / imaginary / imagination / imagine 填空 1 Children usually have a good ____ (想象力). 2 The story is not real. It is completely ____ (虚构的). 3 He is an ____ (富于想象力的) writer. 4 Can you ____ (想象) life without the Internet? 5 The little girl has a vivid ____ (想象力). 【参考答案】 1. imagination（名词）2. imaginary（形容词，意为"虚构的"）3. imaginative（形容词，修饰人）4. imagine（动词原形）5. imagination（名词） 📝 练习四：用 print / printer / printing 填空 1 Please ____ (print) this document for me. 2 The ____ (printer) is out of paper. 3 Movable type ____ (printing) was invented by Bi Sheng. 4 The book is in its third ____ (printing). 5 We need a colour ____ (printer) for the office. 【参考答案】 1. print（动词原形）2. printer（名词）3. printing（动名词作主语）4. printing（名词，"印刷/第几次印刷"）5. printer（名词） 📝 练习五：awake / asleep / wake 用法辨析 1 Don't ____ (wake) him up. He is sleeping. 2 He is still ____ (awake / asleep) at 2 a.m. He is reading a book. 3 The baby fell ____ (awake / asleep) soon. 4 I ____ (wake) up at 7 every morning. 5 My grandfather is a light sleeper. He is always ____ (awake / asleep). 【参考答案】 1. wake（动词原形，wake up 唤醒）2. awake（醒着的，反义词 asleep）3. asleep（睡着的，反义词 awake）4. wake（动词一般现在时，wake up 醒来）5. awake（他总是醒着的，因为他睡得轻） 🔗 重点短语（含详解） be made of 由……制成（能看出原材料） 用法讲解（重点！）： ① be made of：看得出原材料（物理变化）   • The desk is made of wood.（桌子是木头做的，能看出木头。） ② be made from：看不出原材料（化学变化）   • Paper is made from wood.（纸是木头做的，看不出木头。） ③ be made in + 产地：在……制造   • This phone is made in China.（这部手机是中国制造的。） ④ be made by + 制造者：由……制造   • It was made by my father.（这是我爸爸做的。） be used for 用于…… 用法讲解：for 是介词，后接名词或动名词（v-ing）。 完整结构是被动语态：be used for (doing) sth. 被用来做某事。 类似表达：be used to do sth. 被用来做某事（接动词原形）；be used as 被用作…… The lock is used for locking the door. （锁是用来锁门的。） It is said that ... 据说…… 用法讲解：英语中常用 It is + 过去分词 + that 从句，表示"据……"。 It is said that ... 据说…… It is reported that ... 据报道…… It is known that ... 众所周知…… 可转换为：People say that ... / As the saying goes, ... It is said that the compass was invented in China. （据说指南针是中国发明的。） bring about 引起；导致 同义表达：cause；lead to；result in 例句：The Internet has brought about great changes to our life.（互联网给我们的生活带来了巨大变化。） depend on 依赖于；取决于 用法讲解：on 是介词，后接名词或动名词。 例句：Whether we go depends on the weather.（我们是否去取决于天气。） day and night 日日夜夜；夜以继日 同义表达：day after day；night and day 例句：He worked day and night to finish the invention.（他夜以继日地工作来完成这项发明。） ✏ 短语配套练习 📝 练习一：用 be made of / be made from / be made in / be made by 填空 1 Wine is ____ ____ ____ grapes. 2 These chairs are ____ ____ ____ bamboo. 3 Where was this watch ____ ____? 4 This car was ____ ____ a famous company. 5 The table is ____ ____ ____ wood, so you can see the wood. 6 Cheese is ____ ____ ____ milk. 7 This kind of TV is ____ ____ Japan. 8 The cake was ____ ____ my grandma. 【参考答案】 1. made from（酒看不出原材料葡萄）2. made of（椅子能看出竹子）3. made in4. made by5. made of（能看出木头）6. made from（奶酪看不出牛奶）7. made in（产地）8. made by（制造者） 📝 练习二：be used for / be used as / be used to do 辨析填空 1 Knives are used ____ ____ (切) food. 2 Bamboo can ____ ____ ____ (被用作) building material. 3 This room ____ ____ ____ ____ (用来开会) every Monday. 4 English ____ ____ ____ (被用来) communicate with people from different countries. 5 The pen is used ____ ____ (写字). The pen is ____ ____ ____ a pen. 【参考答案】 1. for; cutting（接动名词）2. be used as（被用作）3. is used for holding（用来开会）4. is used to（被用来）5. for; writing; used as; pen（介词 for + 动名词；as 后接名词） 📝 练习三：用 It is said that / bring about / depend on / day and night 填空 1 ____ ____ ____ (据说) the compass was invented in ancient China. 2 The invention of the Internet has ____ ____ (带来) great changes to our life. 3 Whether we can go out ____ ____ (取决于) the weather. 4 He worked ____ ____ ____ (夜以继日) to finish the experiment. 5 Success ____ ____ (取决于) your hard work and patience. 【参考答案】 1. It is said that2. brought about3. depends on4. day and night5. depends on 📝 练习四：句型转换（用 It is said that ... 改写） 1 People say that the telephone was invented by Bell. → ____ ____ ____ the telephone ____ ____ by Bell. 2 People say that Edison invented the light bulb. → ____ ____ ____ Edison ____ ____ the light bulb. 3 People say that China invented paper first. → ____ ____ ____ China ____ ____ paper first. 【参考答案】 1. It is said that; was invented2. It is said that; invented3. It is said that; invented 📐 语法精讲 + 配套练习 一、后缀 -en（动词 / 形容词后缀） 1. -en 作动词后缀：加在形容词后，表示"使……变得" 2. -en 作形容词后缀：加在名词后，表示"由……制成的" 注意：enrich, encourage, enable 等词中 en- 是前缀（表示"使……"），不是后缀 -en，需区分！ 二、被动语态（一）Passive Voice (I) 构成：be + 过去分词（past participle） 易错点： ① 不及物动词（happen, take place, appear 等）无被动语态。    ✗ The accident was happened yesterday.    ✓ The accident happened yesterday. ② 及物动词短语（如 look after, take care of）变被动时，不能丢掉介词：    主动：We should take care of the children.    被动：The children should be taken care of. The first telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. Potato chips were invented by George Crum in 1853. Now, post-it notes are used all over the world. 三、be made + 介词辨析（中考常考易错点！） 核心问题：be made 后接不同介词，含义完全不同： 中考典型对比：   • 桌子 made of wood ← 你看到桌子，能辨认出是木头做的   • 纸 made from wood ← 你看到纸，无法辨认出是木头做的   • 木头 made into 纸 ← 木头→纸（方向与 of/from 相反） This sweater is made of wool.（这件毛衣是羊毛织的。——看得出羊毛） Wine is made from grapes.（葡萄酒是用葡萄酿的。——看不出葡萄） Grapes can be made into wine.（葡萄可以被酿成葡萄酒。） ✏ 语法配套练习 📝 练习一：将下列句子改为被动语态 1 People use the Internet widely today. → The Internet ____ widely ____ today. 2 Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. → The telephone ____ ____ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. 3 They built a new bridge last year. → A new bridge ____ ____ by them last year. 4 We should plant more trees. → More trees should ____ ____ by us. 5 People speak English in many countries. → English ____ ____ in many countries. 6 They will hold a meeting next Monday. → A meeting will ____ ____ by them next Monday. 7 We can see stars at night. → Stars ____ ____ at night. 8 My mother made the cake yesterday. → The cake ____ ____ by my mother yesterday. 【参考答案】 1. is; used2. was invented3. was built4. be planted5. is spoken6. be held7. can be seen8. was made 📝 练习二：用 -en 后缀完成句子 1 Traveling can ____ (拓宽) your horizons. 2 Please ____ (削尖) your pencil before the test. 3 Reading good books can ____ (丰富) your mind. 4 The days are getting longer and the nights are ____ (变短). 5 The old man used exercise to ____ (加强) his body. 6 The river is getting ____ (变宽) year by year. 7 The color of the sky began to ____ (变暗). 8 We must ____ (加深) the friendship between us. 【参考答案】 1. broaden2. sharpen3. enrich4. shortening5. strengthen6. widen / broaden7. darken8. deepen 📝 练习三：判断下列句子是否正确（正确的写 T，错误的改错） 1 The meeting was taken place yesterday. （ ） 2 The accident happened last night. （ ） 3 The children are taken good care of by the nurse. （ ） 4 A new hospital will be built next year. （ ） 5 The book was written by Lu Xun. （ ） 【参考答案】 1. ✗ 应改为：The meeting took place yesterday.（take place 是不及物动词，无被动）2. T（happen 是不及物动词，无被动）3. T（动词短语 take care of 变被动，介词 of 不可丢）4. T5. T 📝 练习四：be made of / from / in / by / into 辨析填空 1 The chair is ____ wood. You can see the wood clearly. 2 Paper is ____ wood. You can't see the wood in paper. 3 This watch is ____ Switzerland. It's very famous. 4 The cake was ____ my mother. It tastes delicious. 5 Wood can be ____ paper, furniture and many other things. 6 Glass is ____ sand and other materials. 7 This shirt is ____ cotton. It feels soft. 【参考答案】 1. made of（看得出原材料 → of）2. made from（看不出原材料 → from）3. made in（强调产地 → in）4. made by（强调制造者 → by）5. made into（强调成品 → into）6. made from（看不出原材料 → from）7. made of（看得出原材料 → of） 📝 练习五：写出下列名词的 -en 形容词 1 wood → ____ （木制的） 2 wool → ____ （羊毛的） 3 gold → ____ （金色的） 4 silk → ____ （丝制的） 5 wax → ____ （蜡制的） 6 用上面的形容词造一个句子：This ____ bridge is very old. 【参考答案】 1. wooden2. woolen / woollen3. golden4. silken5. waxen6. wooden（This wooden bridge is very old.） ✏ 重点句式 ① be made of / be used for — 描述物品材质与用途 — What's the lock made of? — It is made of metal. — What is it used for? — It is used for locking the door. ② It is said that ... — 据说……（被动句型） It is said that it was invented in 1879. ③ 被动语态（一般过去时） The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876. ④ 反义疑问句 These great inventions have truly changed the world, haven't they? ✏ 句式配套练习 📝 练习一：be made of / be used for 问答练习 1 桌子（wood）/ 用于学习。→ — What is the desk ____ ____? — It is ____ ____ wood. — What is it ____ ____? — It is ____ ____ ____. 2 筷子（bamboo）/ 用于吃饭。→ — What ____ chopsticks ____ ____? — They ____ ____ ____ bamboo. — What ____ they ____ ____? — They ____ ____ ____ food. 3 纸张（wood）/ 用于写字。→ ____ 【参考答案】 1. made of; made of; used for; used for studying2. are; made of; are made of; are; used for; are used for eating3. — What is paper made of? — It is made of wood. — What is it used for? — It is used for writing. 📝 练习二：反义疑问句 1 The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876, ____ ____? 2 Paper was made in China first, ____ ____? 3 The Internet has changed our life a lot, ____ ____? 4 These inventions are very useful, ____ ____? 5 The compass wasn't invented in Europe, ____ ____? 【参考答案】 1. wasn't it（陈述句是肯定，反问部分用否定）2. wasn't it3. hasn't it4. aren't they5. was it（陈述句是否定，反问部分用肯定） 📝 练习三：英汉互译（运用本单元重点句式） 1 据说指南针是中国古代发明的。 2 这把椅子是木头做的，用来坐着休息。 3 These great inventions have changed the world, haven't they? 4 The light bulb was invented by Edison in 1879. 【参考答案】 1. It is said that the compass was invented in ancient China.2. The chair is made of wood and is used for sitting and resting.3. 这些伟大的发明改变了世界，不是吗？4. 灯泡是爱迪生于 1879 年发明的。 📋 Unit 2 综合训练 综合卷一：词汇与短语综合运用（10 题） 1 The Chinese ____ (invent) of paper was a great ____ (achieve) in world history. 2 This chair is ____ ____ ____ wood, and this table is ____ ____ ____ steel. 3 The children are very ____ (imagine) and have vivid ____ (imagine). 4 ____ ____ ____ (据说) the compass was invented in ancient China. 5 The Internet has ____ ____ (带来) great changes to our life. 6 Whether we go to the park ____ ____ (取决于) the weather tomorrow. 7 Reading can ____ (broad) your mind, but it cannot ____ (long) your life. 8 My grandfather ____ (use) to ____ (work) day and night when he was young. 9 This pen is used ____ ____ (写字). It is also used ____ ____ a small gift for friends. 10 Please ____ (sharp) your pencil, and ____ (wide) the road so cars can pass. 【参考答案】 1. invention; achievement2. made of; made of3. imaginative; imagination4. It is said that5. brought about6. depends on7. broaden; lengthen8. used; work9. for writing; as10. sharpen; widen 综合卷二：被动语态与 -en 后缀综合 1 改被动语态：They invented the light bulb in 1879. → The light bulb ____ ____ by them in 1879. 2 改被动语态：We should protect the environment. → The environment should ____ ____ by us. 3 改被动语态：They will build a new library. → A new library ____ ____ ____ by them. 4 用 -en 形容词填空：This ____ (gold) ring is very beautiful. 5 用 -en 动词填空：The days are getting longer and the nights are ____ (short). 6 翻译：这本书被认为是鲁迅写的。 7 翻译：竹子被用来造纸。 【参考答案】 1. was invented2. be protected3. will be built4. golden5. shortening6. It is believed that the book was written by Lu Xun.7. Bamboo is used for making paper. / Bamboo is used to make paper. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $