Unit5暑期讲义2026～2027学年仁爱科普版九年级上册

UNIT 5 / A Path Toward a Better World 📚 重点词汇 achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 达到；完成；成功 词族拓展： achieve (v. 达到) → achievement (n. 成就) → achievable (adj. 可实现的) 搭配：achieve success 取得成功 / achieve one's goal 实现目标 / a sense of achievement 成就感 He achieved his goal of becoming a scientist. （他实现了成为科学家的目标。） compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 竞争；参加比赛 词族拓展： compete (v. 竞争) → competition (n. 比赛) → competitor (n. 竞争者) → competitive (adj. 有竞争力的) 搭配：compete with/against sb. 与某人竞争 / compete for sth. 为……而竞争 / compete in 参加比赛 They competed with each other for the prize. （他们为奖项互相竞争。） launch /lɔːntʃ/ v. 发射；启动 用法讲解：launch 指发射（火箭、卫星）、发起（活动、运动）、推出（产品）。搭配：launch a rocket 发射火箭 / launch a campaign 发起运动 / launch a product 推出产品 China launched a new satellite yesterday. （中国昨天发射了一颗新卫星。） virtual /ˈvɜːtʃuəl/ adj. 虚拟的；模拟的 词族拓展： virtual (adj. 虚拟的) → virtually (adv. 几乎；实际上) → virtual reality (VR) 虚拟现实 搭配：virtual world 虚拟世界 / virtual classroom 虚拟教室 We can take a virtual tour of the museum online. （我们可以在网上进行博物馆的虚拟参观。） charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ v. （给……）充电 用法讲解（多义！）：① charge (v.) 充电：charge the phone 给手机充电 ② charge (n.) 费用：free of charge 免费 ③ charge (v.) 负责：in charge of 负责 ④ charge (v.) 指控：be charged with 被指控 I need to charge my phone. （我需要给手机充电。） electric /ɪˈlektrɪk/ adj. 电的；用电的；电动的 词族拓展： electric (adj. 电的，用电的) → electrical (adj. 与电有关的) → electricity (n. 电) → electronic (adj. 电子的) 辨析：electric car 电动汽车 / electrical engineering 电气工程 / electronic device 电子设备 This is an electric car. （这是一辆电动汽车。） decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定，抉择 词族拓展： decide (v. 决定) → decision (n. 决定) → decisive (adj. 果断的) 搭配：make a decision 做决定 / reach a decision 达成决定 / a difficult decision 艰难的决定 It's a difficult decision to make. （这是一个艰难的决定。） exactly /ɪɡˈzæktli/ adv. 精确地；准确地；确切地 词族拓展： exact (adj. 确切的) → exactly (adv. 确切地) → inexact (adj. 不确切的) 搭配：exactly right 完全正确 / not exactly 不完全是 That's exactly what I mean. （那正是我的意思。） 中国文化名片 —— 文化遗产专有名词（中考书面表达高频词） 💬 重点短语 put ... into use 投入使用 用法讲解：put sth. into use = bring sth. into use，表示"把……投入使用"。 同义表达：come into use 开始使用（不及物） 例句：BDS-1 was put into use in 2003.（北斗一号于2003年投入使用。） This new airport will be put into use next year.（这座新机场将在明年投入使用。） the other day 几天前；不久前 用法讲解：常用于一般过去时。类似表达：a few days ago / recently。 辨析：the other day（几天前，过去时）vs. these days（这几天，现在时/进行时）vs. some day（将来某天） 例句：I saw Li Xiang the other day.（我前几天看到李想了。） be/feel proud of sb. 为某人感到骄傲 用法讲解：同义表达：take pride in sb.。 例句：We are proud of our country's achievements.（我们为祖国的成就感到骄傲。） aim to do sth. 旨在做某事 用法讲解：aim 作动词，aim to do = aim at doing，表示"旨在/致力于做某事"。 搭配：aim at sth. 瞄准 / aim high 志存高远 例句：The project aims to improve people's lives.（这个项目旨在改善人们的生活。） find one's way 找到……的路 用法讲解：搭配：find one's way to + 地点 = 找到去……的路。 引申义：find one's way into 进入/渗透到某领域。 例句：GPS helps us find our way.（GPS帮助我们找到路。） step up 加快（速度）；加紧 用法讲解：step up 表示"加快步伐、加紧努力"。 例句：We need to step up our efforts.（我们需要加紧努力。） can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 用法讲解：can't wait to + 动词原形，表示等不及做某事。 例句：I can't wait to see you!（我迫不及待想见你！） make a (big) difference 产生（很大的）影响 用法讲解：搭配：make a difference in 在……方面产生影响 / make no difference 没有影响。 例句：Technology has made a big difference in our lives.（科技给我们的生活带来了巨大变化。） 📐 语法精讲 定语从句 (Attributive Clause) 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词/代词叫先行词。 ⚠️ 只用 that 不用 which 的情况（中考必考！）： ① 先行词是不定代词（all, anything, something, nothing, everything） ② 先行词被形容词最高级修饰：the best hotel that I know ③ 先行词被序数词修饰：the first one that comes ④ 先行词既指人又指物：the people and things that she was interested in ⑤ 先行词被 the only, the very, the last 修饰：the only one that survived ⚠️ 注意：介词的选择取决于先行词的搭配关系。 • in the house → in which（where = in which） • on the day → on which（when = on which） • for the reason → for which（why = for which） • 固定搭配的介词不能提前：This is the book I'm looking for.（✗ for which I'm looking） 🔑 重点句式 It is the ... that ... (强调句型 / 含定语从句) It is the world's largest radio telescope that scientists use to watch the sky. （它是世界上最大的射电望远镜，科学家用它来观测天空。） Experienced engineers worked closely with ..., passing on ... and solving ... Experienced engineers worked closely with younger ones, passing on successful experience and solving the problems one by one. （资深工程师与年轻工程师紧密合作，传授成功经验，克服一个又一个难题。） → 现在分词短语 passing on... 和 solving... 作伴随状语 ✏ 配套练习 📝 练习一：定语从句关系词填空 1 China is a great country ____ has about 5,000 years of history. 2 The man ____ is playing basketball is Yao Ming. 3 This is the book ____ I bought yesterday. 4 I remember the day ____ I first came to this school. 5 This is the school ____ I study. 6 I don't know the reason ____ she was late. 7 He is the boy ____ parents went to Canada last year. 8 That's all ____ I could do at that time.（只用 that） 9 This is the best hotel ____ I know.（只用 that） 10 The girl ____ you met yesterday is my sister. 📝 练习二：词汇填空 1 He ____ (达到) his goal of becoming a scientist. 2 They ____ (竞争) with each other for the prize. 3 China ____ (发射) a new satellite yesterday. 4 We can take a ____ (虚拟的) tour online. 5 I need to ____ (充电) my phone. 6 This is an ____ (电动的) car. 7 It's a difficult ____ (决定) to make. 8 That's ____ (确切地) what I mean. 📝 练习三：词族转换 1 achieve (v.) → ____ (n. 成就) 2 compete (v.) → ____ (n. 比赛) → ____ (n. 竞争者) → ____ (adj. 有竞争力的) 3 decide (v.) → ____ (n. 决定) 4 exact (adj.) → ____ (adv. 确切地) 5 electric (adj.) → ____ (n. 电) → ____ (adj. 电子的) 📝 练习四：短语填空 1 BDS-1 was ____ ____ ____ in 2003.（投入使用） 2 I saw Li Xiang ____ ____ ____.（几天前） 3 We ____ ____ ____ our country's achievements.（为……感到骄傲） 4 The project ____ ____ improve people's lives.（旨在） 5 I ____ ____ ____ see you!（迫不及待） 6 Technology has ____ ____ ____ ____ in our lives.（产生很大影响） 📝 练习五：定语从句只用 that 的情况判断 1 This is the most interesting novel ____ I have ever read. 2 Everything ____ he said is true. 3 He was the only one ____ survived in the fire. 4 The first one ____ comes to school will be praised. 5 Li Hong took photos of the people and things ____ she was interested in. 📝 练习六：定语从句介词+关系代词 / 关系副词转换 1 This is the house ____ I lived last year.（改为介词+which）→ This is the house ____ ____ I lived last year. 2 I remember the day ____ we first met.（改为介词+which）→ I remember the day ____ ____ we first met. 3 The lady to ____ you just talked is my teacher.（填关系代词） 4 That is the reason ____ he was late.（改为for+which）→ That is the reason ____ ____ he was late. 5 选择填空：I'll never forget the day ____ we spent together.（that/when） 6 选择填空：This is the school ____ I studied for three years.（which/where） 📝 练习七：任务型阅读（中考题型） 阅读短文，回答问题（每空不超过5个词）。 China has made great achievements in science and technology in recent years. FAST, also known as "China Sky Eye", is the world's largest radio telescope. It was built in Guizhou Province and was completed in 2016. The BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) was put into use in 2020 and provides services for people around the world. Self-driving cars are being tested in many cities. Clean energy, such as solar power and wind power, is widely used to protect the environment. AI technology is also developing rapidly in China. 1 What is FAST also known as? → ____________________ 2 When was FAST completed? → In ____. 3 When was BDS put into use? → In ____. 4 What kind of energy is used to protect the environment? → ____ energy. 5 How many technologies are mentioned in the passage? → ____. 📝 练习八：词语运用（选词填空，注意变形）（中考题型） 从方框中选择合适的词，用其适当形式填空（每词限用一次）。 achieve compete launch virtual charge electric decide exact 1 China ____ a new satellite last month. 2 We can take a ____ tour of the museum online. 3 He ____ his goal of becoming a scientist. 4 I need to ____ my phone. It's dead. 5 More and more people buy ____ cars to protect the environment. 6 That's ____ what I mean. 7 They ____ with each other for the first prize. 8 It's a difficult ____ to make. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 5 / A Path Toward a Better World 📚 重点词汇 achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 达到；完成；成功 词族拓展： achieve (v. 达到) → achievement (n. 成就) → achievable (adj. 可实现的) 搭配：achieve success 取得成功 / achieve one's goal 实现目标 / a sense of achievement 成就感 He achieved his goal of becoming a scientist. （他实现了成为科学家的目标。） compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 竞争；参加比赛 词族拓展： compete (v. 竞争) → competition (n. 比赛) → competitor (n. 竞争者) → competitive (adj. 有竞争力的) 搭配：compete with/against sb. 与某人竞争 / compete for sth. 为……而竞争 / compete in 参加比赛 They competed with each other for the prize. （他们为奖项互相竞争。） launch /lɔːntʃ/ v. 发射；启动 用法讲解：launch 指发射（火箭、卫星）、发起（活动、运动）、推出（产品）。搭配：launch a rocket 发射火箭 / launch a campaign 发起运动 / launch a product 推出产品 China launched a new satellite yesterday. （中国昨天发射了一颗新卫星。） virtual /ˈvɜːtʃuəl/ adj. 虚拟的；模拟的 词族拓展： virtual (adj. 虚拟的) → virtually (adv. 几乎；实际上) → virtual reality (VR) 虚拟现实 搭配：virtual world 虚拟世界 / virtual classroom 虚拟教室 We can take a virtual tour of the museum online. （我们可以在网上进行博物馆的虚拟参观。） charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ v. （给……）充电 用法讲解（多义！）：① charge (v.) 充电：charge the phone 给手机充电 ② charge (n.) 费用：free of charge 免费 ③ charge (v.) 负责：in charge of 负责 ④ charge (v.) 指控：be charged with 被指控 I need to charge my phone. （我需要给手机充电。） electric /ɪˈlektrɪk/ adj. 电的；用电的；电动的 词族拓展： electric (adj. 电的，用电的) → electrical (adj. 与电有关的) → electricity (n. 电) → electronic (adj. 电子的) 辨析：electric car 电动汽车 / electrical engineering 电气工程 / electronic device 电子设备 This is an electric car. （这是一辆电动汽车。） decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定，抉择 词族拓展： decide (v. 决定) → decision (n. 决定) → decisive (adj. 果断的) 搭配：make a decision 做决定 / reach a decision 达成决定 / a difficult decision 艰难的决定 It's a difficult decision to make. （这是一个艰难的决定。） exactly /ɪɡˈzæktli/ adv. 精确地；准确地；确切地 词族拓展： exact (adj. 确切的) → exactly (adv. 确切地) → inexact (adj. 不确切的) 搭配：exactly right 完全正确 / not exactly 不完全是 That's exactly what I mean. （那正是我的意思。） 中国文化名片 —— 文化遗产专有名词（中考书面表达高频词） 💬 重点短语 put ... into use 投入使用 用法讲解：put sth. into use = bring sth. into use，表示"把……投入使用"。 同义表达：come into use 开始使用（不及物） 例句：BDS-1 was put into use in 2003.（北斗一号于2003年投入使用。） This new airport will be put into use next year.（这座新机场将在明年投入使用。） the other day 几天前；不久前 用法讲解：常用于一般过去时。类似表达：a few days ago / recently。 辨析：the other day（几天前，过去时）vs. these days（这几天，现在时/进行时）vs. some day（将来某天） 例句：I saw Li Xiang the other day.（我前几天看到李想了。） be/feel proud of sb. 为某人感到骄傲 用法讲解：同义表达：take pride in sb.。 例句：We are proud of our country's achievements.（我们为祖国的成就感到骄傲。） aim to do sth. 旨在做某事 用法讲解：aim 作动词，aim to do = aim at doing，表示"旨在/致力于做某事"。 搭配：aim at sth. 瞄准 / aim high 志存高远 例句：The project aims to improve people's lives.（这个项目旨在改善人们的生活。） find one's way 找到……的路 用法讲解：搭配：find one's way to + 地点 = 找到去……的路。 引申义：find one's way into 进入/渗透到某领域。 例句：GPS helps us find our way.（GPS帮助我们找到路。） step up 加快（速度）；加紧 用法讲解：step up 表示"加快步伐、加紧努力"。 例句：We need to step up our efforts.（我们需要加紧努力。） can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 用法讲解：can't wait to + 动词原形，表示等不及做某事。 例句：I can't wait to see you!（我迫不及待想见你！） make a (big) difference 产生（很大的）影响 用法讲解：搭配：make a difference in 在……方面产生影响 / make no difference 没有影响。 例句：Technology has made a big difference in our lives.（科技给我们的生活带来了巨大变化。） 📐 语法精讲 定语从句 (Attributive Clause) 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词/代词叫先行词。 ⚠️ 只用 that 不用 which 的情况（中考必考！）： ① 先行词是不定代词（all, anything, something, nothing, everything） ② 先行词被形容词最高级修饰：the best hotel that I know ③ 先行词被序数词修饰：the first one that comes ④ 先行词既指人又指物：the people and things that she was interested in ⑤ 先行词被 the only, the very, the last 修饰：the only one that survived ⚠️ 注意：介词的选择取决于先行词的搭配关系。 • in the house → in which（where = in which） • on the day → on which（when = on which） • for the reason → for which（why = for which） • 固定搭配的介词不能提前：This is the book I'm looking for.（✗ for which I'm looking） 🔑 重点句式 It is the ... that ... (强调句型 / 含定语从句) It is the world's largest radio telescope that scientists use to watch the sky. （它是世界上最大的射电望远镜，科学家用它来观测天空。） Experienced engineers worked closely with ..., passing on ... and solving ... Experienced engineers worked closely with younger ones, passing on successful experience and solving the problems one by one. （资深工程师与年轻工程师紧密合作，传授成功经验，克服一个又一个难题。） → 现在分词短语 passing on... 和 solving... 作伴随状语 ✏ 配套练习 📝 练习一：定语从句关系词填空 1 China is a great country ____ has about 5,000 years of history. 2 The man ____ is playing basketball is Yao Ming. 3 This is the book ____ I bought yesterday. 4 I remember the day ____ I first came to this school. 5 This is the school ____ I study. 6 I don't know the reason ____ she was late. 7 He is the boy ____ parents went to Canada last year. 8 That's all ____ I could do at that time.（只用 that） 9 This is the best hotel ____ I know.（只用 that） 10 The girl ____ you met yesterday is my sister. 【参考答案】 1. that/which 2. who/that 3. that/which 4. when 5. where 6. why 7. whose 8. that 9. that 10. whom/who/that 📝 练习二：词汇填空 1 He ____ (达到) his goal of becoming a scientist. 2 They ____ (竞争) with each other for the prize. 3 China ____ (发射) a new satellite yesterday. 4 We can take a ____ (虚拟的) tour online. 5 I need to ____ (充电) my phone. 6 This is an ____ (电动的) car. 7 It's a difficult ____ (决定) to make. 8 That's ____ (确切地) what I mean. 【参考答案】 1. achieved 2. competed 3. launched 4. virtual 5. charge 6. electric 7. decision 8. exactly 📝 练习三：词族转换 1 achieve (v.) → ____ (n. 成就) 2 compete (v.) → ____ (n. 比赛) → ____ (n. 竞争者) → ____ (adj. 有竞争力的) 3 decide (v.) → ____ (n. 决定) 4 exact (adj.) → ____ (adv. 确切地) 5 electric (adj.) → ____ (n. 电) → ____ (adj. 电子的) 【参考答案】 1. achievement 2. competition; competitor; competitive 3. decision 4. exactly 5. electricity; electronic 📝 练习四：短语填空 1 BDS-1 was ____ ____ ____ in 2003.（投入使用） 2 I saw Li Xiang ____ ____ ____.（几天前） 3 We ____ ____ ____ our country's achievements.（为……感到骄傲） 4 The project ____ ____ improve people's lives.（旨在） 5 I ____ ____ ____ see you!（迫不及待） 6 Technology has ____ ____ ____ ____ in our lives.（产生很大影响） 【参考答案】 1. put into use 2. the other day 3. are proud of 4. aims to 5. can't wait to 6. made a big difference 📝 练习五：定语从句只用 that 的情况判断 1 This is the most interesting novel ____ I have ever read. 2 Everything ____ he said is true. 3 He was the only one ____ survived in the fire. 4 The first one ____ comes to school will be praised. 5 Li Hong took photos of the people and things ____ she was interested in. 【参考答案】 1-5 全部填 that（①最高级 ②不定代词 ③the only ④序数词 ⑤既指人又指物） 📝 练习六：定语从句介词+关系代词 / 关系副词转换 1 This is the house ____ I lived last year.（改为介词+which）→ This is the house ____ ____ I lived last year. 2 I remember the day ____ we first met.（改为介词+which）→ I remember the day ____ ____ we first met. 3 The lady to ____ you just talked is my teacher.（填关系代词） 4 That is the reason ____ he was late.（改为for+which）→ That is the reason ____ ____ he was late. 5 选择填空：I'll never forget the day ____ we spent together.（that/when） 6 选择填空：This is the school ____ I studied for three years.（which/where） 【参考答案】 1. where → in which 2. when → on which 3. whom 4. why → for which 5. that（spent缺宾语→代词）6. where（studied不及物→副词） 📝 练习七：任务型阅读（中考题型） 阅读短文，回答问题（每空不超过5个词）。 China has made great achievements in science and technology in recent years. FAST, also known as "China Sky Eye", is the world's largest radio telescope. It was built in Guizhou Province and was completed in 2016. The BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) was put into use in 2020 and provides services for people around the world. Self-driving cars are being tested in many cities. Clean energy, such as solar power and wind power, is widely used to protect the environment. AI technology is also developing rapidly in China. 1 What is FAST also known as? → ____________________ 2 When was FAST completed? → In ____. 3 When was BDS put into use? → In ____. 4 What kind of energy is used to protect the environment? → ____ energy. 5 How many technologies are mentioned in the passage? → ____. 【参考答案】 1. China Sky Eye 2. 2016 3. 2020 4. Clean 5. Five/5 (FAST, BDS, self-driving cars, clean energy, AI) 📝 练习八：词语运用（选词填空，注意变形）（中考题型） 从方框中选择合适的词，用其适当形式填空（每词限用一次）。 achieve compete launch virtual charge electric decide exact 1 China ____ a new satellite last month. 2 We can take a ____ tour of the museum online. 3 He ____ his goal of becoming a scientist. 4 I need to ____ my phone. It's dead. 5 More and more people buy ____ cars to protect the environment. 6 That's ____ what I mean. 7 They ____ with each other for the first prize. 8 It's a difficult ____ to make. 【参考答案】 1. launched 2. virtual 3. achieved 4. charge 5. electric 6. exactly 7. competed 8. decision 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $