专题01 非谓语动词 & 情态动词-【简语法-暑假自习课】语法复习 重难点逐项突破2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级

**基本信息** 聚焦非谓语动词与情态动词，以“基础用法+解题技巧”双模块构建体系，通过分类规则、典例解析及考场策略提升语言理解与问题解决能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |不定式作状语|3类用法+3例句|目的/结果状语判断步骤、only to do技巧|从用法规则到解题策略，形成“识别-判断-应用”链条| |不定式作宾补|3类结构+3例句|宾补结构识别、被动to还原法|动词搭配→主动被动差异→解题应用递进| |情态动词should/could|3类功能+3例句|建议语境判断、语气强弱区分|功能规则→语境辨析→句型转换逻辑|

暑假 · 重难点突破 专题01非谓语动词 & 情态动词 语法复习（人教版） 1. 熟悉“非谓语动词 & 情态动词”用法 2. 掌握“非谓语动词 & 情态动词”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“非谓语动词 & 情态动词”真题 模块一：不定式作状语（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. 目的状语 to do /in order to /so as to 表 "为了"，说明动作目的 目的状语从句转换、句型改写 so as to 不能放句首；in order to 位置灵活 2. 结果状语 only to do 表出乎意料的结果；too…to… 表 "太… 而不能" 结果状语辨析、句型转换 only to do 表意外结果，不是目的 3. 原因 / 伴随 be happy /sorry/glad to do 表情感原因 情感类形容词后接不定式 分不清 to do 是目的还是原因状语 配套例句 1. He got up early to catch the first bus. 他早起是为了赶上头班车。（目的） 2. She arrived only to find the train had left. 她到达时却发现火车已经开走了。（意外结果） 3. I am glad to hear the good news. 听到这个好消息我很高兴。（原因） 模块二：不定式作状语（学习目标 2：解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 判断目的状语 翻译 "为了"，后句是前句动作的目标 后句说明前句动作的意图 句首空且表目的，优先 in order to /to do 2. 判断结果状语 only to do 表意外；too…to 含否定意味 后句是前句导致的结果 看到 only 后面空格，优先 to do 表意外结果 3. 固定句型识别 too + adj. + to do；adj. + enough + to do 句型转换、同义句改写 too…to 本身含否定，不能再加 not 模块三：不定式作宾语补足语（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. 基本结构 及物动词 + 宾语 + to do，补充说明宾语要做的动作 句型转换、被动语态改写 使役动词 make /let/have 主动语态后省 to 2. 常见动词 ask / tell / want / expect / invite / allow / encourage sb. to do 单选、语法填空 hope 后不能接 sb. to do，只能 hope to do 3. 被动语态中 sb. be made /heard/seen to do（被动必须还原 to） 被动语态填空、改错 主动省 to 的动词，被动语态必须加回 to 配套例句 1. My teacher told me to finish the homework on time. 老师叫我按时完成作业。 2. She was seen to enter the room. 有人看见她进了房间。（被动还原 to） 3. The teacher encourages us to speak more English. 老师鼓励我们多说英语。 模块四：不定式作宾补（学习目标 2：解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 识别宾补结构 动词后有 sb.（宾格 / 名词），后面再接动词 sb. + 动词 + sb. + 动词结构 两个名词 / 代词中间有动词，后面多为 to do 宾补 2. 固定搭配记忆 ask /tell/want /invite sb. to do 为高频考点 记忆后接 to do 宾补的动词 hope sb. to do 是经典错误，直接排除 3. 被动还原 to see /hear/make sb. do → 被动 sb. be + done + to do 被动语态题目 被动句中 see /hear/make 后必有 to 模块五：情态动词 should /could 表建议（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. should 表建议 应该做某事，语气较强，含劝告、责任意味 情景交际、建议类写作 should 后接动词原形，不能加 to 2. could 表建议 可以做某事，语气委婉，给出可选建议 礼貌建议、平辈对话 could 表建议时不表过去，是委婉现在时 3. 否定与疑问 shouldn't 不应该；could 表建议时一般不用否定 否定建议、劝告类 表 "不应该" 用 shouldn't，不用 couldn't 配套例句 1. You should drink more water when you have a cold. 感冒时你应该多喝水。 2. You could try asking the teacher for help. 你可以试试找老师帮忙。 3. You shouldn't stay up too late. 你不应该熬夜太晚。 模块六：情态动词 should /could 表建议（学习目标 2：解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 判断建议语境 题干含 "建议、劝告、最好、不妨" 等含义 情景对话题、补全对话 给他人提建议，优先考虑 should /could 2. 区分语气强弱 should 语气强（应该）；could 语气弱（可以、不妨） 看对话双方关系与语境 长辈 / 正式建议用 should；平辈委婉建议用 could 3. 句型转换 Why not do? = You should do；You could + 动词原形 同义句转换、句型改写 建议类句型转换，should /could 常可互换 一、单项选择题（15 小题） 1. ______ improve his spoken English, he practices reading aloud every day. A. So as to B. In order to C. In order that D. So that 2. The teacher told the students ______ in class. A. not talk B. not to talk C. don't talk D. to not talk 3. —I have a stomachache and I feel terrible. —You ______ go to see a doctor right now. A. could B. would C. should D. might 4. He hurried to the booking office only ______ all the tickets had been sold out. A. find B. finding C. found D. to find 5. The little girl was made ______ the poem three times by her mother. A. recite B. to recite C. reciting D. recited 6. —I don't know which T-shirt to choose. —You ______ ask your mum for advice. A. should B. must C. could D. need 7. The problem is ______ difficult for us ______ work out. A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. such; that 8. We all expect our team ______ the football match. A. win B. winning C. won D. to win 9. You ______ play computer games before you finish your homework. A. couldn't B. shouldn't C. wouldn't D. needn't 10. The boy is old enough ______ to school alone. A. go B. to go C. going D. goes 11. ______ pass the coming exam, you need to review your lessons carefully. A. So as to B. In order to C. In order that D. So that 12. The boss made the workers ______ over ten hours a day in the old days. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 13. —I feel a little nervous before the speech. —Take it easy. You ______ take a deep breath first. A. should B. must C. need D. could 14. The policeman warned the children ______ football in the street. A. not play B. to not play C. not to play D. don't play 15. You ______ turn to your teachers when you meet with difficulties. A. should B. would C. must D. need 二、单句语法填空（15 小题，用括号内单词适当形式填空） 1. ________ (keep) fit, you should take more exercise and eat less junk food. 2. Our English teacher often encourages us ________ (speak) English in and after class. 3. You ________ (should) make the same mistake again; it's not the first time. 4. She got to the airport only ________ (discover) that her flight had been cancelled. 5. The girl was heard ________ (sing) a beautiful song in the next room. 6. You ________ (could) try this new method; it might be more efficient. 7. The bag is too heavy for the little girl ________ (carry). 8. The teacher invited the famous writer ________ (give) us a speech. 9. We ________ (should) judge a person only by his appearance. 10. The water in the river is not clean enough ________ (drink). 11. ________ (learn) more about Chinese culture, he decided to travel around China. 12. Let me ________ (show) you how to use the new machine. 13. You ________ (could) take the underground if you want to avoid the traffic jam. 14. My parents always tell me ________ (not stay) up too late at night. 15. You ________ (should) think twice before you make an important decision. 三、阅读理解 Passage 1 We are excited to show this student-led project report from our school Drama Festival last term! It is a great example of how PBL (project-based learning) helps students improve. Last term, I led a team to organize a drama show. This report explains the steps we took, the problems we faced, and what we have learned. Step 1: Forming the Team To start with, I invited classmates with different skills like writing, acting, directing, and designing. We talked about what everyone could do and decided our roles. Step 2: Writing the Play Our writers started by creating a story. But it was too long and boring, so we cut some parts, added something exciting, and improved the conversations with our teachers’ help. Their advice really worked well. Step 3: Making Tools and Practicing The design team made the stage tools and special clothes for the show. The actors practiced their lines (台词) and movements. Some parents also helped with the set and clothes, which was really nice. Step 4: Showing and Reviewing Finally, we showed the drama successfully. After the show, we talked about what we could improve for the next time. Conclusion This project has taught us how to work as a team. With teachers’ help, parents’ support, and our hard work, we could make it. We’re excited to use what we have learned in future projects! 1．What did the students do in Step 1? A．They chose their jobs. B．They made up the story. C．They made the tools. D．They designed clothes. 2．How did the teachers help with the project? A．By giving out tasks. B．By directing the practice. C．By helping make clothes. D．By giving suggestions. 3．Which picture can help to explain Step 3 better? A． B． C． D． 4．Which saying best describes the writer’s experience? A．Better late than never. B．Many hands make light work. C．Failure is the mother of success. D．Actions speak louder than words. 5．Where can you probably read the passage? A．On a school website. B．In a travel guide. C．In a fashion magazine. D．In a science report. Passage 2 BEAT THE HEATYou can stop yourself getting heat stroke (中暑). ※ WHATHeat waves happen when the temperature reaches very high levels. They always come in summer and last for a long time. ※ WHOChildren Older adults Outside workers People with disabilities ※ WHEREHot houses Open yardsCars(Temperature Warning) The temperature in your car could be dangerous in heat waves. Relationship Between Time and Temperature in a Car (Outside Temperature 27℃) ※ WHYHeat waves make people feel tired and sick easily. They may cause headaches and make the body weak. What’s worse, they can even cause death. ※ HOW* Drink enough water even if you don’t feel thirsty. * Stay cool with air conditioning (空调) or fans. * Wear light-weight, light-colored clothes. 1. Which situation most easily causes heat stroke according to the passage? A．An old man in a park. B．A child in a classroom. C．A disabled woman in a hospital. D．An outside worker in an open yard. 2. How can we avoid heat-related health problems? ①Have enough water.        ②Keep cool. ③Eat ice cream.        ④Wear clothes in light colors. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3. Which can we learn from the relationship between time and temperature in a car? A．The temperature rises as time goes by. B．The temperature drops as time goes by. C．People can sleep in a car in heat waves. D．People can’t park a car outside in heat waves. 4. What may happen if there are heat waves? A．People may get tired, sick or even die. B．People may think clearly and act quickly. C．People’s body temperature may rise quickly. D．The high temperature may last for only a short time. 5. Where is the passage probably from? A．A safety notice. B．A travel guide. C．A weather report. D．A car advertisement. 四、完形填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Simon Zundl is a German who loves China. He first visited China in 2010 as a student. At that time, he felt very surprised by the 1 differences. However, after living there for many years, his feelings changed. When Simon first arrived, he could not understand why Chinese people always drank hot water, 2 it was the middle of summer. In Germany, it is 3 for people to drink cold water or iced drinks. He also thought wearing slippers (拖鞋) inside the house was strange. But soon, he decided to try these habits. One cold winter morning, Simon’s Chinese friend 4 him to drink a cup of hot ginger tea (姜茶). Simon tried drinking a little. 5 , he felt warm and energetic. “Wow, this is amazing!” he thought. From that day on, he started drinking hot water every morning. He felt healthier and more relaxed than before. Simon shared these new 6 that he developed in China with his family in Germany. At first, they 7 to accept these habits. But after Simon explained the benefits, his mother tried it too. Now, on cold days, the whole family 8 the warmth of a cup of ginger tea. “Living like a Chinese person taught me a lot,” Simon said. “It is not just about drinking hot water or wearing slippers. It is about feeling the warmth and 9 of different cultures.” Simon’s example has had a huge 10 on social media. Simon believes that if more people try to experience Chinese life, the world will become a warmer and friendlier place. 1. A．physical B．personal C．medical D．cultural 2. A．as soon as B．even though C．ever since D．so that 3. A．serious B．impossible C．normal D．uncommon 4. A．ordered B．advised C．expected D．forced 5. A．Importantly B．Hopefully C．Recently D．Surprisingly 6. A．habits B．classics C．actions D．presents 7. A．continued B．planned C．refused D．preferred 8. A．enjoys B．misses C．stores D．hates 9. A．advice B．value C．information D．progress 10. A．opinion B．pleasure C．effect D．result Passage 2 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was just before 2:30 pm in my hometown, Wenchuan. I was having a music lesson when the ground 1 hard. It was an earthquake! I rushed outside and saw all the other buildings were 2 to pieces. I was shaking all over with fear. Then a pair of hands 3 me — I was saved by a soldier. I could never forget those soldiers, firemen, doctors and nurses. They raced against 4 to save people. Their courage touched me deeply, 5 I decided to become one of them. I graduated from college and 6 a nurse. One day, another hospital needed support. I signed up to help. I still remembered the warmth of those helping hands 12 years ago. Now it was my 7 to offer mine. The head nurse, Ye Man, helped me a lot. She was a patient teacher 8 a kind friend. But our connection started 9 — she had helped in Wenchuan 12 years ago, just 10 me now. What a big surprise! Love leads to love, creating a circle of goodwill and kindness. 1. A．threw B．shook C．fell D．climbed 2. A．reminded B．mentioned C．reduced D．provided 3. A．reached out to B．looked for C．looked at D．looked forward to 4. A．time B．money C．energy D．speed 5. A．but B．so C．or D．though 6. A．became B．got C．bought D．made 7. A．way B．turn C．change D．method 8. A．or B．either C．neither D．and 9. A．later B．farther C．nicer D．earlier 10. A．like B．from C．with D．for 2 / 8乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $暑假 · 重难点突破 专题01非谓语动词 & 情态动词 语法复习（人教版） 1. 熟悉“非谓语动词 & 情态动词”用法 2. 掌握“非谓语动词 & 情态动词”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“非谓语动词 & 情态动词”真题 模块一：不定式作状语（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. 目的状语 to do /in order to /so as to 表 "为了"，说明动作目的 目的状语从句转换、句型改写 so as to 不能放句首；in order to 位置灵活 2. 结果状语 only to do 表出乎意料的结果；too…to… 表 "太… 而不能" 结果状语辨析、句型转换 only to do 表意外结果，不是目的 3. 原因 / 伴随 be happy /sorry/glad to do 表情感原因 情感类形容词后接不定式 分不清 to do 是目的还是原因状语 配套例句 1. He got up early to catch the first bus. 他早起是为了赶上头班车。（目的） 2. She arrived only to find the train had left. 她到达时却发现火车已经开走了。（意外结果） 3. I am glad to hear the good news. 听到这个好消息我很高兴。（原因） 模块二：不定式作状语（学习目标 2：解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 判断目的状语 翻译 "为了"，后句是前句动作的目标 后句说明前句动作的意图 句首空且表目的，优先 in order to /to do 2. 判断结果状语 only to do 表意外；too…to 含否定意味 后句是前句导致的结果 看到 only 后面空格，优先 to do 表意外结果 3. 固定句型识别 too + adj. + to do；adj. + enough + to do 句型转换、同义句改写 too…to 本身含否定，不能再加 not 模块三：不定式作宾语补足语（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. 基本结构 及物动词 + 宾语 + to do，补充说明宾语要做的动作 句型转换、被动语态改写 使役动词 make /let/have 主动语态后省 to 2. 常见动词 ask / tell / want / expect / invite / allow / encourage sb. to do 单选、语法填空 hope 后不能接 sb. to do，只能 hope to do 3. 被动语态中 sb. be made /heard/seen to do（被动必须还原 to） 被动语态填空、改错 主动省 to 的动词，被动语态必须加回 to 配套例句 1. My teacher told me to finish the homework on time. 老师叫我按时完成作业。 2. She was seen to enter the room. 有人看见她进了房间。（被动还原 to） 3. The teacher encourages us to speak more English. 老师鼓励我们多说英语。 模块四：不定式作宾补（学习目标 2：解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 识别宾补结构 动词后有 sb.（宾格 / 名词），后面再接动词 sb. + 动词 + sb. + 动词结构 两个名词 / 代词中间有动词，后面多为 to do 宾补 2. 固定搭配记忆 ask /tell/want /invite sb. to do 为高频考点 记忆后接 to do 宾补的动词 hope sb. to do 是经典错误，直接排除 3. 被动还原 to see /hear/make sb. do → 被动 sb. be + done + to do 被动语态题目 被动句中 see /hear/make 后必有 to 模块五：情态动词 should /could 表建议（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. should 表建议 应该做某事，语气较强，含劝告、责任意味 情景交际、建议类写作 should 后接动词原形，不能加 to 2. could 表建议 可以做某事，语气委婉，给出可选建议 礼貌建议、平辈对话 could 表建议时不表过去，是委婉现在时 3. 否定与疑问 shouldn't 不应该；could 表建议时一般不用否定 否定建议、劝告类 表 "不应该" 用 shouldn't，不用 couldn't 配套例句 1. You should drink more water when you have a cold. 感冒时你应该多喝水。 2. You could try asking the teacher for help. 你可以试试找老师帮忙。 3. You shouldn't stay up too late. 你不应该熬夜太晚。 模块六：情态动词 should /could 表建议（学习目标 2：解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 判断建议语境 题干含 "建议、劝告、最好、不妨" 等含义 情景对话题、补全对话 给他人提建议，优先考虑 should /could 2. 区分语气强弱 should 语气强（应该）；could 语气弱（可以、不妨） 看对话双方关系与语境 长辈 / 正式建议用 should；平辈委婉建议用 could 3. 句型转换 Why not do? = You should do；You could + 动词原形 同义句转换、句型改写 建议类句型转换，should /could 常可互换 一、单项选择题（15 小题） 1. ______ improve his spoken English, he practices reading aloud every day. A. So as to B. In order to C. In order that D. So that 答案：B 解析：句意：为了提高英语口语，他每天练习大声朗读。空格在句首表目的，so as to 不能放句首，in order that /so that 后接从句，故选 In order to。 2. The teacher told the students ______ in class. A. not talk B. not to talk C. don't talk D. to not talk 答案：B 解析：句意：老师叫学生们不要在课堂上讲话。固定搭配 tell sb. not to do sth.，不定式否定形式在 to 前加 not。 3. —I have a stomachache and I feel terrible. —You ______ go to see a doctor right now. A. could B. would C. should D. might 答案：C 解析：句意：我胃痛，感觉很难受。你应该马上去看医生。病情较重，用 should 表强烈建议，语气比 could 更重。 4. He hurried to the booking office only ______ all the tickets had been sold out. A. find B. finding C. found D. to find 答案：D 解析：句意：他匆忙赶到售票处，却发现所有票都卖完了。only to do 表示出乎意料的结果，是固定结构。 5. The little girl was made ______ the poem three times by her mother. A. recite B. to recite C. reciting D. recited 答案：B 解析：句意：这个小女孩被妈妈要求把诗背诵三遍。make 主动语态后省 to，被动语态必须还原 to，故选 to recite。 6. —I don't know which T-shirt to choose. —You ______ ask your mum for advice. A. should B. must C. could D. need 答案：C 解析：句意：我不知道选哪件 T 恤。你可以问问你妈妈的意见。给出可选建议、语气委婉，用 could 表 "可以、不妨"。 7. The problem is ______ difficult for us ______ work out. A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. such; that 答案：A 解析：句意：这道题太难了，我们做不出来。too + adj. + to do 表 "太… 而不能"，本身含否定含义。 8. We all expect our team ______ the football match. A. win B. winning C. won D. to win 答案：D 解析：句意：我们都期待我们队赢得足球比赛。expect sb. to do sth. 是固定搭配，不定式作宾补。 9. You ______ play computer games before you finish your homework. A. couldn't B. shouldn't C. wouldn't D. needn't 答案：B 解析：句意：在完成作业之前，你不应该玩电脑游戏。表 "不应该" 的劝告，用 shouldn't。 10. The boy is old enough ______ to school alone. A. go B. to go C. going D. goes 答案：B 解析：句意：这个男孩已经足够大，可以自己上学了。adj. + enough + to do 是固定结构，不定式作结果状语。 11. ______ pass the coming exam, you need to review your lessons carefully. A. So as to B. In order to C. In order that D. So that 答案：B 解析：句意：为了通过即将到来的考试，你需要认真复习功课。句首表目的，用 in order to，so as to 不能放句首。 12. The boss made the workers ______ over ten hours a day in the old days. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 答案：A 解析：句意：过去老板让工人们每天工作十多个小时。make 是使役动词，主动语态后接省 to 的不定式作宾补。 13. —I feel a little nervous before the speech. —Take it easy. You ______ take a deep breath first. A. should B. must C. need D. could 答案：D 解析：句意：演讲前我有点紧张。放轻松，你可以先深呼吸。表委婉建议，给出缓解紧张的可选方法，用 could。 14. The policeman warned the children ______ football in the street. A. not play B. to not play C. not to play D. don't play 答案：C 解析：句意：警察警告孩子们不要在街上踢足球。warn sb. not to do sth.，不定式否定形式作宾补。 15. You ______ turn to your teachers when you meet with difficulties. A. should B. would C. must D. need 答案：A 解析：句意：遇到困难时，你应该向老师求助。表建议、劝告，用 should 表 "应该"。 二、单句语法填空（15 小题，用括号内单词适当形式填空） 1. ________ (keep) fit, you should take more exercise and eat less junk food. 答案：To keep / In order to keep 解析：句意：为了保持健康，你应该多运动，少吃垃圾食品。句首表目的，用不定式作目的状语。 2. Our English teacher often encourages us ________ (speak) English in and after class. 答案：to speak 解析：句意：我们的英语老师经常鼓励我们课内外都说英语。encourage sb. to do sth. 固定搭配，不定式作宾补。 3. You ________ (should) make the same mistake again; it's not the first time. 答案：shouldn't 解析：句意：你不应该再犯同样的错误了，这不是第一次了。表 "不应该" 的劝告，用 should 的否定形式。 4. She got to the airport only ________ (discover) that her flight had been cancelled. 答案：to discover 解析：句意：她到达机场，却发现她的航班被取消了。only to do 表出乎意料的结果，作结果状语。 5. The girl was heard ________ (sing) a beautiful song in the next room. 答案：to sing 解析：句意：有人听到那个女孩在隔壁唱了一首动听的歌。hear 主动语态后省 to，被动语态必须还原 to。 6. You ________ (could) try this new method; it might be more efficient. 答案：could 解析：句意：你可以试试这个新方法，也许效率更高。表委婉建议，给出可选方案，用 could。 7. The bag is too heavy for the little girl ________ (carry). 答案：to carry 解析：句意：这个包太重了，小女孩搬不动。too + adj. + for sb. + to do 是固定结构。 8. The teacher invited the famous writer ________ (give) us a speech. 答案：to give 解析：句意：老师邀请了那位著名作家给我们做演讲。invite sb. to do sth. 固定搭配，不定式作宾补。 9. We ________ (should) judge a person only by his appearance. 答案：shouldn't 解析：句意：我们不应该以貌取人。表 "不应该" 的劝告，用 shouldn't。 10. The water in the river is not clean enough ________ (drink). 答案：to drink 解析：句意：河里的水不够干净，不能饮用。adj. + enough + to do 结构，不定式作结果状语。 11. ________ (learn) more about Chinese culture, he decided to travel around China. 答案：To learn / In order to learn 解析：句意：为了更多地了解中国文化，他决定环游中国。句首不定式作目的状语，表 "为了了解"。 12. Let me ________ (show) you how to use the new machine. 答案：show 解析：句意：让我给你演示一下如何使用这台新机器。let 是使役动词，后接省 to 的不定式作宾补。 13. You ________ (could) take the underground if you want to avoid the traffic jam. 答案：could 解析：句意：如果你想避开堵车，可以坐地铁。表委婉建议，提供可选出行方式，用 could。 14. My parents always tell me ________ (not stay) up too late at night. 答案：not to stay 解析：句意：我父母总是叫我晚上不要熬夜太晚。tell sb. not to do sth.，不定式否定形式作宾补。 15. You ________ (should) think twice before you make an important decision. 答案：should 解析：句意：在做重要决定之前，你应该三思而后行。表建议、劝告，用 should 表 "应该 三、阅读理解 Passage 1 We are excited to show this student-led project report from our school Drama Festival last term! It is a great example of how PBL (project-based learning) helps students improve. Last term, I led a team to organize a drama show. This report explains the steps we took, the problems we faced, and what we have learned. Step 1: Forming the Team To start with, I invited classmates with different skills like writing, acting, directing, and designing. We talked about what everyone could do and decided our roles. Step 2: Writing the Play Our writers started by creating a story. But it was too long and boring, so we cut some parts, added something exciting, and improved the conversations with our teachers’ help. Their advice really worked well. Step 3: Making Tools and Practicing The design team made the stage tools and special clothes for the show. The actors practiced their lines (台词) and movements. Some parents also helped with the set and clothes, which was really nice. Step 4: Showing and Reviewing Finally, we showed the drama successfully. After the show, we talked about what we could improve for the next time. Conclusion This project has taught us how to work as a team. With teachers’ help, parents’ support, and our hard work, we could make it. We’re excited to use what we have learned in future projects! 1．What did the students do in Step 1? A．They chose their jobs. B．They made up the story. C．They made the tools. D．They designed clothes. 2．How did the teachers help with the project? A．By giving out tasks. B．By directing the practice. C．By helping make clothes. D．By giving suggestions. 3．Which picture can help to explain Step 3 better? A． B． C． D． 4．Which saying best describes the writer’s experience? A．Better late than never. B．Many hands make light work. C．Failure is the mother of success. D．Actions speak louder than words. 5．Where can you probably read the passage? A．On a school website. B．In a travel guide. C．In a fashion magazine. D．In a science report. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了学校戏剧节中作者带领团队组织戏剧表演的经历，包括组队、编写剧本、制作工具和练习、表演和回顾等步骤，体现了项目式学习对学生的帮助以及团队合作的重要性。 【详解】1．Step 1: Forming the Team中提到：“To start with, I invited classmates with different skills like writing, acting, directing, and designing. We talked about what everyone could do and decided our roles.”，在第一步中作者邀请了有不同技能的同学，并决定了各自的角色，也就是选择了工作。 2．Step 2: Writing the Play中提到：“ But it was too long and boring, so we cut some parts, added something exciting, and improved the conversations with our teachers’ help. Their advice really worked well.”，老师的帮助方式是给出建议。 3．Step 3: Making Tools and Practicing中提到：“Some parents also helped with the set and clothes, which was really nice.”，一些家长帮助布置场地和准备服装，选项C中的图片显示父母帮助准备衣服，能更好地解释Step 3。 4．文章讲述了在戏剧节项目中，同学们分工合作，在老师指导和家长支持下成功完成戏剧表演，体现了团队合作的重要性，“Many hands make light work.”（众人拾柴火焰高）符合文章主旨。 5．文章主要讲述了学校戏剧节中一个学生主导的项目报告，内容围绕学校活动展开，所以文章可能来自学校网站。 Passage 2 BEAT THE HEATYou can stop yourself getting heat stroke (中暑). ※ WHATHeat waves happen when the temperature reaches very high levels. They always come in summer and last for a long time. ※ WHOChildren Older adults Outside workers People with disabilities ※ WHEREHot houses Open yardsCars(Temperature Warning) The temperature in your car could be dangerous in heat waves. Relationship Between Time and Temperature in a Car (Outside Temperature 27℃) ※ WHYHeat waves make people feel tired and sick easily. They may cause headaches and make the body weak. What’s worse, they can even cause death. ※ HOW* Drink enough water even if you don’t feel thirsty. * Stay cool with air conditioning (空调) or fans. * Wear light-weight, light-colored clothes. 1. Which situation most easily causes heat stroke according to the passage? A．An old man in a park. B．A child in a classroom. C．A disabled woman in a hospital. D．An outside worker in an open yard. 2. How can we avoid heat-related health problems? ①Have enough water.        ②Keep cool. ③Eat ice cream.        ④Wear clothes in light colors. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3. Which can we learn from the relationship between time and temperature in a car? A．The temperature rises as time goes by. B．The temperature drops as time goes by. C．People can sleep in a car in heat waves. D．People can’t park a car outside in heat waves. 4. What may happen if there are heat waves? A．People may get tired, sick or even die. B．People may think clearly and act quickly. C．People’s body temperature may rise quickly. D．The high temperature may last for only a short time. 5. Where is the passage probably from? A．A safety notice. B．A travel guide. C．A weather report. D．A car advertisement. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇关于防暑降温的安全指南。文章主要介绍了热浪发生的时间与特点，列举了易受中暑影响的高危人群及危险场所，解释了高温带来的健康危害，并给出了具体的预防建议。 【详解】1. 根据“WHO”一栏可知，高危人群包括“Outside workers”；根据“WHERE”一栏可知，危险地点包括“Open yards”（露天院子）。选项D“An outside worker in an open yard”同时结合了高危人群和危险地点，风险最高。 2. 根据“HOW”一栏的建议：“Drink enough water”对应①Have enough water（喝足水）；“Stay cool with air conditioning or fans”对应②Keep us cool（保持凉爽）；“Wear light-weight, light-colored clothes”对应④Wear clothes in light colors（穿浅色衣服）。文中并未提及③Eat ice cream（吃冰淇淋）。因此正确组合是①②④。 3. 观察图表“Relationship Between Time and Temperature in a Car”，横轴代表时间（min），纵轴代表温度（℃）。曲线显示随着时间推移（0到60分钟），车内的温度从25℃左右迅速上升到了50℃以上。这说明随着时间流逝，温度在升高。 4. 根据“WHY”一栏的描述：“Heat waves make people feel tired and sick easily... they can even cause death.”，这与选项A“People may get tired, sick or even die”完全一致。选项B说思维清晰显然错误；选项D说高温只持续很短时间，与第一段“last for a long time”矛盾。 5. 文章标题为“BEAT THE HEAT”，副标题提示“You can stop yourself getting heat stroke”，内容涵盖了危害警告和具体的安全防护措施（How to do），具有明显的警示和指导作用，符合安全告示（Safety notice）的特征。它不是旅游指南、天气预报或汽车广告。 四、完形填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Simon Zundl is a German who loves China. He first visited China in 2010 as a student. At that time, he felt very surprised by the 1 differences. However, after living there for many years, his feelings changed. When Simon first arrived, he could not understand why Chinese people always drank hot water, 2 it was the middle of summer. In Germany, it is 3 for people to drink cold water or iced drinks. He also thought wearing slippers (拖鞋) inside the house was strange. But soon, he decided to try these habits. One cold winter morning, Simon’s Chinese friend 4 him to drink a cup of hot ginger tea (姜茶). Simon tried drinking a little. 5 , he felt warm and energetic. “Wow, this is amazing!” he thought. From that day on, he started drinking hot water every morning. He felt healthier and more relaxed than before. Simon shared these new 6 that he developed in China with his family in Germany. At first, they 7 to accept these habits. But after Simon explained the benefits, his mother tried it too. Now, on cold days, the whole family 8 the warmth of a cup of ginger tea. “Living like a Chinese person taught me a lot,” Simon said. “It is not just about drinking hot water or wearing slippers. It is about feeling the warmth and 9 of different cultures.” Simon’s example has had a huge 10 on social media. Simon believes that if more people try to experience Chinese life, the world will become a warmer and friendlier place. 1. A．physical B．personal C．medical D．cultural 2. A．as soon as B．even though C．ever since D．so that 3. A．serious B．impossible C．normal D．uncommon 4. A．ordered B．advised C．expected D．forced 5. A．Importantly B．Hopefully C．Recently D．Surprisingly 6. A．habits B．classics C．actions D．presents 7. A．continued B．planned C．refused D．preferred 8. A．enjoys B．misses C．stores D．hates 9. A．advice B．value C．information D．progress 10. A．opinion B．pleasure C．effect D．result 【答案】 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C 【导语】本文讲述了德国人Simon Zundl在中国生活的经历，他从最初对文化差异感到惊讶，到逐渐接受并喜欢上中国人的生活习惯，并将这些习惯分享给家人，从而感受到不同文化的温暖与价值。 【详解】1. 句意：那时，他对文化差异感到非常惊讶。 根据下文Simon对中国生活习惯（喝热水、穿拖鞋）的不解，可知他感到惊讶的是“文化”差异，应选用cultural。physical“身体的”，personal“个人的”，medical“医疗的”，均与生活习惯、习俗差异无关，不符合语境。 2. 句意：当Simon刚到时，他不理解为什么中国人总是喝热水，即使是盛夏。 前后为让步关系：即使在夏天也喝热水，这与他认知中的习惯相反，应用even though表示“即使”。as soon as“一……就”表时间，ever since“自从”表时间起点，so that“以便”表目的，均不符合逻辑关系。 3. 句意：在德国，人们喝冷水或冰饮是正常的。 根据上下文，德国人习惯喝冷水，这是一种“正常的”习惯，与他后来在中国体验到的新习惯形成对比，应选用normal。serious“严重的”，impossible“不可能的”，uncommon“不常见的”，均不符合语境。 4. 句意：一个寒冷的冬天早晨，Simon的中国朋友建议他喝一杯热姜茶。 根据下文Simon尝试后感到温暖和充满活力，可知朋友是出于好意“建议”他喝，应用advised。ordered“命令”语气太强硬，expected“期望”不涉及具体行动建议，forced“强迫”与朋友善意帮助的语境不符。 5. 句意：令人惊讶的是，他感到温暖和有活力。 根据上文Simon来自德国，习惯喝冷水，对热饮持怀疑态度，喝后发现效果很好，这一结果超出他的预期，应用Surprisingly表示“令人惊讶地”。Importantly“重要的是”，Hopefully“希望地”，Recently“最近地”，均不能表达“意外发现”的含义。 6. 句意：Simon与在德国的家人分享了他在中国养成的新习惯。 根据上文他养成了喝热水的习惯，并感受到健康益处，可知他分享的是“习惯”，应选用habits。classics“经典”，actions“行动”，presents“礼物”，均与语境无关。 7. 句意：起初，他们拒绝接受这些习惯。 根据下文“But after Simon explained the benefits, his mother tried it too.”，可知一开始家人“拒绝”接受，与后来的尝试形成对比，应用refused。continued“继续”与“不接受”矛盾，planned“计划”无法体现初始的抵触，preferred“更喜欢”与后文转折不符。 8. 句意：现在，在寒冷的日子里，全家人都享受一杯姜茶的温暖。 根据上文母亲尝试后也接受了，并且感受到好处，可知全家人都“享受”姜茶带来的温暖，应选用enjoys。misses“想念”，stores“储存”，hates“讨厌”，均不符合语境。 9. 句意：这是关于感受不同文化的温暖和价值。 根据全文，Simon从中国生活习惯中体会到了文化的“价值”，应选用value。advice“建议”，information“信息”，progress“进步”，均不能表达“文化内涵”层面的意义。 10. 句意：Simon的经历在社交媒体上产生了巨大的影响。 have a huge effect on是固定搭配，表示“对……产生巨大影响”，符合Simon的故事在社交媒体上引发关注的语境。opinion“意见”，pleasure“快乐”，result“结果”，均不能与have...on构成此固定搭配。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was just before 2:30 pm in my hometown, Wenchuan. I was having a music lesson when the ground 1 hard. It was an earthquake! I rushed outside and saw all the other buildings were 2 to pieces. I was shaking all over with fear. Then a pair of hands 3 me — I was saved by a soldier. I could never forget those soldiers, firemen, doctors and nurses. They raced against 4 to save people. Their courage touched me deeply, 5 I decided to become one of them. I graduated from college and 6 a nurse. One day, another hospital needed support. I signed up to help. I still remembered the warmth of those helping hands 12 years ago. Now it was my 7 to offer mine. The head nurse, Ye Man, helped me a lot. She was a patient teacher 8 a kind friend. But our connection started 9 — she had helped in Wenchuan 12 years ago, just 10 me now. What a big surprise! Love leads to love, creating a circle of goodwill and kindness. 1. A．threw B．shook C．fell D．climbed 2. A．reminded B．mentioned C．reduced D．provided 3. A．reached out to B．looked for C．looked at D．looked forward to 4. A．time B．money C．energy D．speed 5. A．but B．so C．or D．though 6. A．became B．got C．bought D．made 7. A．way B．turn C．change D．method 8. A．or B．either C．neither D．and 9. A．later B．farther C．nicer D．earlier 10. A．like B．from C．with D．for 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. A 【导语】本文讲述作者汶川地震被救后成为护士，多年后支援医院时偶遇当年也曾参与救援的护士长，传递爱心的感人故事。 【详解】1. 句意：下午两点半左右，我正在上音乐课，地面剧烈晃动。 后文点明发生地震，地面会剧烈摇晃，shook为shake的过去式，表示摇晃；threw、fell、climbed均不符合地震地面震动的场景逻辑。 2. 句意：我冲到屋外，看到其余所有建筑都沦为一片废墟。 固定短语be reduced to pieces表示“沦为碎片、变成废墟”，贴合地震房屋损毁的语境；reminded、mentioned、provided不存在该搭配，语义不符。 3. 句意：紧接着一双手向我伸来——一名士兵救下了我。 后文交代士兵救了作者，reach out to意为“向……伸出手、伸出援手”，reached为reach的过去式；looked for“寻找”、looked at“看着”、looked forward to“期盼”均没有伸手救人的含义。 4. 句意：他们争分夺秒地抢救群众。 固定搭配race against time表示“争分夺秒”，是救灾场景固定短语；money、energy、speed无法构成该固定搭配，语义不通。 5. 句意：他们的勇气深深触动了我，于是我决心成为和他们一样的人。 前半句是内心被打动的原因，后半句是由此产生的结果，so表因果顺承；but表转折、or表选择、though表让步，逻辑不匹配。 6. 句意：我大学毕业后，成为了一名护士。 became后可直接搭配职业名词，表示成为某种职业；got“得到”、bought“购买”、made“制作”不能直接接职业名词。 7. 句意：我始终记得十二年前那些援手带来的温暖，现在轮到我伸出自己的援手了。 固定句型it’s one’s turn to do sth.，意为“轮到某人做某事”；way、change、method无此固定句式结构。 8. 句意：她既是一位有耐心的师长，也是一位友善的朋友。 “a patient teacher”与“a kind friend”是并列的两类身份，and用于肯定句连接并列成分；or表选择，either、neither用于两者选择、否定，不符合并列关系。 9. 句意：但我们的缘分早在很久以前就开始了——十二年前她曾驰援汶川。 后文说明二人十二年前就有交集，代表这份联结更早出现，earlier意为“更早”；later“更晚”、farther“更远”、nicer“更好”语义不通。 10. 句意：十二年前她奔赴汶川救援，就像如今我前来支援这里一样。 此处将护士长当年救人的行为和如今自己支援医院做类比，like作介词，意为“像”；from、with、for没有类比的语义。 7 / 16乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $