高考英语长难句60天打卡计划-第26-30天-强调句与倒装句 讲义-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考强调句与倒装句核心考点，按基本结构、特殊用法、综合辨析的逻辑层次展开，涵盖It is/was...that...强调结构及部分/完全倒装句型，通过核心词汇梳理、句子解剖分析、语法精讲点拨、真题例句训练等环节，帮助学生系统构建语法知识网络，突破长难句理解难点。 资料创新采用“三去除法”判断强调句、“倒装规则速记口诀”等教学策略，结合历年高考真题分层解析，如引导学生通过“句子解剖”拆分复杂句式结构，培养语言能力和思维品质。设置难度递进的每日打卡任务，配合即时反馈和方法总结，助力学生高效提升长难句处理能力，为教师把控复习节奏、精准突破考点提供实用指导。

高考英语长难句60天打卡计划 · 强调句与倒装句 本册聚焦强调句（It is/was...that...） 和倒装句（部分倒装/完全倒装） 两大语法板块，涵盖强调结构的一般用法与特殊用法、各类倒装句型及综合辨析。所有例句均来自历年高考真题。 —————————————————————————————————————————————————— Day 26 — 强调句基本结构（It is/was...that...） 第21句 No.21 | 难度系数：★★★☆☆ | 来源：2017年全国卷II · 阅读理解C篇 【原句】 It was the combined efforts of the entire community, rather than the contribution of any single individual, that ultimately made the ambitious environmental restoration project a remarkable success. （约28词） 【核心词汇】 词汇 音标 词性 释义与搭配 combined /kəmˈbaɪnd/ adj. 联合的，共同的。combined efforts / combined forces / combined effect。例：Their combined efforts led to success. entire /ɪnˈtaɪə/ adj. 整个的，全部的。the entire community / the entire world / entire life。例：The entire community supported the plan. community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区，团体。the entire community / community service / community center。例：The community worked together to rebuild the park. rather than /ˈrɑːðə ðæn/ 连词短语 而不是。rather than + n./do/doing。例：He chose to walk rather than take the bus. ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/ adj. 雄心勃勃的，宏大的。ambitious project / ambitious plan / ambitious goal。例：They launched an ambitious environmental campaign. restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/ n. 修复，恢复。environmental restoration / restoration project / building restoration。例：The restoration of the forest took years. remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj. 显著的，非凡的。remarkable success / remarkable achievement / remarkable progress。例：She made remarkable progress in her studies. 【句子解剖】 [强调句] It was the combined efforts of the entire community, rather than the contribution of any single individual, that ultimately made the ambitious environmental restoration project a remarkable success. ├── 强调结构框架：It was + 被强调部分 + that... │ ├── It was（强调标记） │ │ │ └── [被强调部分] 主语：the combined efforts of the entire community, rather than the contribution of any single individual │ ├── 主语核心：the combined efforts │ │ └── 定语：of the entire community │ ├── 插入对比结构：rather than the contribution of any single individual │ └── 功能：强调"是集体努力而非个人贡献" │ └── 句子剩余部分（还原后即普通句）：that ultimately made the ambitious environmental restoration project a remarkable success ├── 状语：ultimately（最终地） ├── 谓语：made（动词，后接复合宾语） ├── 宾语：the ambitious environmental restoration project └── 宾补：a remarkable success [还原后的普通句] The combined efforts of the entire community, rather than the contribution of any single individual, ultimately made the ambitious environmental restoration project a remarkable success. └── 主语：The combined efforts of the entire community, rather than the contribution of any single individual └── 谓语：made └── 宾语：the ambitious environmental restoration project └── 宾补：a remarkable success 【语法精讲】 一、强调句的基本结构——"三去除法" 强调句的结构为：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子剩余部分 "三去除法"判断强调句：去掉"It is/was"和"that"，剩下的部分如果仍能组成一个完整通顺的句子，就是强调句。 步骤 操作 结果 原句 It was X that Y. — 去掉It was — X that Y 再去掉that — X Y 检查 X Y是否是一个完整的句子？ 本句：The combined efforts...made...是完整句子 ✓ 对比：不是强调句的情况 - It is important that you study hard.（去除"It is"和"that"后只剩"important you study hard"，不完整 → 不是强调句，是主语从句） 二、强调句可以强调什么成分？ 可强调的成分 例句 说明 主语（本句） It was Tom that broke the window. 强调动作的执行者 宾语 It was this book that I bought. 强调动作的承受者 时间状语 It was yesterday that he arrived. 强调时间 地点状语 It was in this room that we met. 强调地点 方式状语 It was by working hard that he succeeded. 强调方式 不能强调的成分： - 谓语动词（不能说：It was bought that...） - 表语（不能说：It is a teacher that he is.） 三、rather than的插入——干扰成分识别 "rather than the contribution of any single individual"插入在被强调部分中，起到了干扰考生判断的作用，增加了句子长度和复杂度。 rather than的用法对比： 用法 例句 说明 rather than + n.（本句） ...rather than the contribution of any single individual 而不是（名词） rather than + do He went rather than stay. 而不愿（动词原形） rather than + doing He focused on progress rather than complaining. 而不是（动名词） rather than与other than的区别： 短语 含义 例句 rather than 而不是（排除） I choose tea rather than coffee. other than 除了（排除在外） I have no choice other than to wait. 四、make + 宾语 + 宾补结构 "made the ambitious environmental restoration project a remarkable success"中的"make + 宾语 + 名词宾补"结构： 结构 含义 例句 make + 宾语 + 名词（本句） 使……成为…… made the project a success make + 宾语 + 形容词 使……怎么样 make the world better make + 宾语 + do 让……做…… make him work hard 【翻译技巧】 本句翻译的核心在于处理好强调意味。英语的"It was...that..."结构通过语法手段来强调主语，汉语可以通过"是……而不是……"的对比结构来体现强调效果。 "rather than the contribution of any single individual"翻译为"而不是任何单一个人的贡献"，与前面的"整个社区的共同努力"形成鲜明对比。 "ambitious environmental restoration project"翻译为"宏大的环境修复项目"，"a remarkable success"翻译为"一个显著的成功"。 【参考译文】 正是整个社区的共同努力，而不是任何单一个人的贡献，最终使这个宏大的环境修复项目取得了显著的成功。 【名师点睛】 ⭐ 强调句判断"三去除法"：看到"It is/was...that..."，去掉这三个词，剩下的如果是完整句子 → 强调句！剩下如果不完整 → 主语从句或定语从句。口诀："It is/was+that去掉，剩下完整就是强调。" —————————————————————————————————————————————————— 第22句 No.22 | 难度系数：★★★★☆ | 来源：2019年全国卷I · 阅读理解D篇 【原句】 It was not until the early 20th century that scientists began to understand the true nature of the disease, which had been causing widespread fear and suffering for centuries. （约28词） 【核心词汇】 词汇 音标 词性 释义与搭配 until /ənˈtɪl/ prep./conj. 直到……为止。not...until / until now / until then。例：Wait here until I come back. nature /ˈneɪtʃə/ n. 本质；自然。the true nature of / by nature / human nature。例：It is the nature of science to question. disease /dɪˈziːz/ n. 疾病。cause disease / spread disease / heart disease。例：The disease spread quickly. widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ adj. 广泛的，普遍的。widespread fear / widespread use / become widespread。例：There was widespread concern about the disease. suffering /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/ n. 痛苦，苦难。cause suffering / human suffering / great suffering。例：The war caused immense suffering. for centuries /fə ˈsentʃəriz/ 介词短语 数个世纪以来。for centuries / over the centuries。例：The castle had stood there for centuries. 【句子解剖】 [强调句嵌套定语从句] It was not until the early 20th century that scientists began to understand the true nature of the disease, which had been causing widespread fear and suffering for centuries. ├── 强调结构框架：It was + 被强调部分 + that... │ ├── [被强调部分] 时间状语：not until the early 20th century │ ├── not until：直到……才（强调时间点） │ └── 时间名词：the early 20th century │ ├── 句子剩余部分：that scientists began to understand the true nature of the disease │ ├── 主语：scientists │ ├── 谓语：began │ └── 宾语：to understand the true nature of the disease │ ├── 动词：to understand │ └── 宾语：the true nature of the disease │ ├── 中心词：the true nature │ └── 定语：of the disease │ └── [定语从句] 非限制性定语从句：which had been causing widespread fear and suffering for centuries ├── 关系代词：which（指代the disease，作主语） ├── 谓语：had been causing（过去完成进行时） ├── 宾语：widespread fear and suffering └── 时间状语：for centuries [还原后的普通句] Scientists did not begin to understand the true nature of the disease until the early 20th century. └── 主句否定：did not begin └── until引导的时间状语：until the early 20th century 【语法精讲】 一、强调句强调时间状语——not until结构 本句强调时间状语"not until the early 20th century"。强调句强调状语时，保留介词或连词结构。 类型 例句 被强调部分 强调主语 It was Tom that broke the window. Tom（人） 强调宾语 It was the window that Tom broke. the window（物） 强调时间状语（本句） It was not until the 20th century that... not until the 20th century（时间） 强调地点状语 It was in this lab that the discovery was made. in this lab（地点） 二、"not...until"的三种表达方式 句式 结构 例句 普通句 主句（否定）+ until... Scientists did not understand until the 20th century. 强调句（本句） It was not until...that...（肯定句） It was not until the 20th century that scientists understood. 倒装句 Not until... + 助动词 + 主语 + ... Not until the 20th century did scientists understand. 三、过去完成进行时（had been causing） "which had been causing widespread fear and suffering"使用了过去完成进行时。 时态 结构 含义 过去完成进行时（本句） had been + doing 在过去某个时间之前一直在进行的动作 过去完成时 had + done 在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作 过去进行时 was/were + doing 在过去某个时间点正在进行的动作 本句中"had been causing"表示在20世纪初科学家开始了解之前，这种疾病已经持续造成了数个世纪的恐惧和痛苦。 四、强调句嵌套定语从句的分析方法 本句在"It was...that..."的框架中，that后面的句子剩余部分含有一个非限制性定语从句。 分析步骤： 第一步：先找出It was...that...的基本框架 → It was not until the early 20th century that scientists began to understand... 第二步：理解定语从句的关系 → which指代the disease，是对disease的补充说明 第三步：整合理解 → 强调时间+补充说明疾病背景 【翻译技巧】 本句翻译需要注意： 1. 强调句"not until..."翻译为"直到……才……"，这是固定译法。 2. "the true nature of the disease"中的"nature"在此不是"自然"，而是"本质、真相"，译为"这种疾病的真正本质"。 3. 非限制性定语从句"which had been causing widespread fear and suffering for centuries"翻译为"这种疾病数个世纪以来一直在引起广泛的恐惧和痛苦"，表达出持续进行的含义。 【参考译文】 直到20世纪初，科学家们才开始了解这种疾病的真正本质，而该疾病数个世纪以来一直在引起广泛的恐惧和痛苦。 【名师点睛】 ⭐ 强调句嵌套定语从句分析思路："先抓强调框架，再看从句嵌套；强调部分靠前放，定语从句补充来。"碰到强调句中嵌入定语从句的情况，先分清主次，先理解强调的核心内容，再理解定语从句的补充信息。 —————————————————————————————————————————————————— —————————————————————————————————————————————————— Day 27 — 强调句的特殊用法 第23句 No.23 | 难度系数：★★★★☆ | 来源：2018年全国卷III · 阅读理解C篇 【原句】 It was not until the government introduced stricter environmental regulations that the factory finally decided to upgrade its outdated equipment and adopt cleaner production methods to reduce pollution. （约28词） 【核心词汇】 词汇 音标 词性 释义与搭配 introduce /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/ v. 引入；介绍。introduce regulations / introduce a law / introduce sb. to。例：The government introduced new policies. stricter /ˈstrɪktə/ adj. 更严格的（strict的比较级）。stricter rules / stricter regulations / be strict with。例：Stricter measures were needed. regulation /ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 规章，法规。environmental regulations / government regulations / safety regulations。例：The company must follow the regulations. upgrade /ˌʌpˈɡreɪd/ v. 升级，提升。upgrade equipment / upgrade the system / upgrade to。例：They decided to upgrade their computers. outdated /ˌaʊtˈdeɪtɪd/ adj. 过时的，陈旧的。outdated equipment / outdated technology / become outdated。例：The factory used outdated machinery. adopt /əˈdɒpt/ v. 采用，采纳。adopt methods / adopt a policy / adopt an approach。例：The company adopted new technology. 【句子解剖】 [强调句] It was not until the government introduced stricter environmental regulations that the factory finally decided to upgrade its outdated equipment and adopt cleaner production methods to reduce pollution. ├── 强调结构：It was not until...that...（强调"直到……才"） │ ├── [被强调部分] 时间状语从句：not until the government introduced stricter environmental regulations │ ├── not until：直到……才 │ └── [时间状语从句]：the government introduced stricter environmental regulations │ ├── 主语：the government │ ├── 谓语：introduced │ └── 宾语：stricter environmental regulations │ └── 句子剩余部分（肯定式）：that the factory finally decided to upgrade its outdated equipment and adopt cleaner production methods to reduce pollution ├── 主语：the factory ├── 状语：finally ├── 谓语：decided └── 宾语：to upgrade its outdated equipment and adopt cleaner production methods to reduce pollution ├── 不定式短语①：to upgrade its outdated equipment │ ├── 动词：to upgrade │ └── 宾语：its outdated equipment ├── 并列连词：and ├── 不定式短语②：(to) adopt cleaner production methods │ ├── 动词：adopt（省略to） │ └── 宾语：cleaner production methods └── 目的状语：to reduce pollution（不定式表目的） [还原后的普通句] The factory did not decide to upgrade its outdated equipment and adopt cleaner production methods to reduce pollution until the government introduced stricter environmental regulations. 【语法精讲】 一、"not...until"强调句的三大考点 "not...until"的强调句是高考最重要的考点之一： 句式 结构 例句 本句体现 普通句 主句否定 + until从句 The factory did not decide until... — 强调句（本句） It is/was not until + 从句 + that + 肯定句 It was not until the government introduced... that the factory decided... ✓ 倒装句 Not until + 从句 + 助动词 + 主语 Not until the government introduced... did the factory decide... Day 28学习 强调句的关键规则： - It is/was not until + 从句 + that + 句子（用肯定式，不倒装） - that后面一定要用肯定形式（not已经被移到not until中了） 二、"decide to do and do"——并列不定式的省略 本句中"decided to upgrade...and adopt..."，第二个不定式"to adopt"省略了"to"。 并列情况 结构 例句 两个不定式并列（本句） to do A and (to) do B decided to upgrade...and adopt... 三个及以上不定式并列 to do A, do B and do C He decided to study, work and save money. 注意：当两个不定式由and/or连接时，第二个不定式的to通常省略。 三、不定式作目的状语（to reduce pollution） 句尾的"to reduce pollution"是不定式作目的状语，修饰前面的"upgrade"和"adopt"这两个动作。 不定式功能 位置 例句 作目的状语（本句） 句尾 ...adopt cleaner methods to reduce pollution 作定语 名词后 the decision to upgrade equipment 作宾语 动词后 decided to upgrade 四、"stricter"和"cleaner"——比较级作定语 原级 比较级 在句中的功能 strict stricter environmental regulations 更严格的环境法规 clean cleaner production methods 更清洁的生产方法 比较级在此不表示两者之间的比较，而是表示"比以前更……"，暗示与之前状态的对比。 【翻译技巧】 本句翻译需要注意： 1. "It was not until...that..."翻译为"直到……才……"。 2. "introduced stricter environmental regulations"翻译为"出台了更严格的环境法规"。 3. "upgrade its outdated equipment and adopt cleaner production methods to reduce pollution"翻译为"升级其过时的设备并采用更清洁的生产方法来减少污染"，其中"to reduce pollution"译为"以减少污染"表目的。 4. 注意汉语的语序调整：英语用强调句把"直到政府……"提前，汉语也保持"直到……才……"的强调语序。 【参考译文】 直到政府出台了更严格的环境法规，这家工厂才最终决定升级其过时的设备并采用更清洁的生产方法来减少污染。 【名师点睛】 ⭐ "not until"强调句核心规则："It is/was not until + 从句/时间 + that + 肯定句。"记住三个要点：(1) 句首有It is/was；(2) that后面不倒装；(3) that后用肯定式。口诀："not until想强调，It was开头不能少；that后面肯定式，主句不倒装要记牢。" —————————————————————————————————————————————————— 第24句 No.24 | 难度系数：★★★★☆ | 来源：2019年全国卷I · 阅读理解B篇 【原句】 It was the teacher's patient guidance that gave the shy student the confidence to express himself in class, but it is his own persistent efforts that have enabled him to achieve remarkable academic progress. （约30词） 【核心词汇】 词汇 音标 词性 释义与搭配 patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ adj. 耐心的。patient guidance / be patient with / patient teaching。例：A good teacher should be patient. guidance /ˈɡaɪdns/ n. 指导，引导。patient guidance / under the guidance of / give guidance。例：Under his teacher's guidance, he improved. confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n. 信心。have confidence in / with confidence / lose confidence。例：She gained confidence through practice. express /ɪkˈspres/ v. 表达。express oneself / express an opinion / express concern。例：He found it hard to express himself. persistent /pəˈsɪstənt/ adj. 坚持不懈的。persistent efforts / persistent practice / be persistent。例：Through persistent effort, he succeeded. remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj. 显著的，非凡的。remarkable progress / remarkable achievement。例：She made remarkable progress in math. academic /ˌækəˈdemɪk/ adj. 学业的，学术的。academic progress / academic performance / academic year。例：His academic performance improved greatly. 【句子解剖】 [并列强调句] It was the teacher's patient guidance that gave the shy student the confidence to express himself in class, but it is his own persistent efforts that have enabled him to achieve remarkable academic progress. ├── [强调句①] It was the teacher's patient guidance that gave the shy student the confidence to express himself in class │ ├── 强调结构：It was...that... │ ├── 被强调部分（主语）：the teacher's patient guidance │ └── 句子剩余部分：gave the shy student the confidence to express himself in class │ ├── 谓语：gave（双宾语结构） │ ├── 间接宾语：the shy student │ ├── 直接宾语：the confidence │ └── 定语：to express himself in class（不定式作定语修饰confidence） │ ├── 并列连词：but（表转折） │ └── [强调句②] it is his own persistent efforts that have enabled him to achieve remarkable academic progress ├── 强调结构：it is...that...（注意这里用is而非was） ├── 被强调部分（主语）：his own persistent efforts └── 句子剩余部分：have enabled him to achieve remarkable academic progress ├── 谓语：have enabled（现在完成时） ├── 宾语：him └── 宾补：to achieve remarkable academic progress（不定式作宾补） [整体逻辑] 强调句①（过去：老师引导给予信心）→ but（转折）→ 强调句②（持续至今：自身努力带来进步） 【语法精讲】 一、并列强调句——高考长难句的经典结构 本句由but连接两个并列的强调句，每个强调句都用了"It is/was...that..."结构。 分句 强调句式 被强调部分 时态 含义 分句①（过去） It was...that... the teacher's patient guidance gave（过去时） 老师过去给予的引导 分句②（至今） It is...that... his own persistent efforts have enabled（现在完成时） 延续到现在的努力 注意：强调句的is/was不受后面从句时态的限制。is可以搭配现在完成时（如本句），was也可以搭配一般现在时。 二、强调句 vs 定语从句的区分——高考五星难点 对比项 强调句 定语从句 开头 It is/was + 强调部分 It/This/That is/was + 名词 that的语法功能 连词，无成分 关系代词，作主语/宾语 "去除法"检验 去除It is/was...that后句子完整 去除后句子不完整 本句检验 The teacher's patient guidance gave... ✓ — 三、"enable + 宾语 + to do"结构 "have enabled him to achieve"中的"enable sb. to do"结构： 结构 含义 例句 enable + sb. + to do（本句） 使某人能够做某事 Hard work enabled him to succeed. allow + sb. + to do 允许某人做某事 The teacher allowed him to speak. cause + sb. + to do 导致某人做某事 The news caused her to cry. 四、"to express himself"——不定式作定语 "the confidence to express himself in class"中的"to express"是不定式作定语，修饰confidence，表示"当众表达自我的信心"。 名词 不定式 含义 the confidence to express himself 表达自我的信心 the ability to solve problems 解决问题的能力 the courage to speak in public 当众发言的勇气 【翻译技巧】 本句翻译需要注意： 1. 两个强调句形成对比——"是老师的耐心引导给予了……但正是他自己坚持不懈的努力让……"。汉语通过"是……的"和"但正是……"来体现这种对比强调关系。 2. "the confidence to express himself in class"翻译为"在课堂上表达自我的信心"。 3. "persistent efforts"翻译为"坚持不懈的努力"，比简单的"努力"更能体现persistent的含义。 4. "have enabled him to achieve remarkable academic progress"翻译为"使他取得了显著的学业进步"。 【参考译文】 是老师的耐心引导给了这名害羞的学生在课堂上表达自我的信心，但正是他自己坚持不懈的努力使他取得了显著的学业进步。 【名师点睛】 ⭐ 并列强调句分析思路："先找并列连词（and/but/or）断开，再逐句用'三去除法'检验。"本句but前后的结构都是"It...that..."，分别检验都是强调句。掌握这个方法，再长的并列强调句也能轻松应对！ —————————————————————————————————————————————————— —————————————————————————————————————————————————— Day 28 — 部分倒装 第25句 No.25 | 难度系数：★★★★☆ | 来源：2016年全国卷I · 阅读理解B篇 【原句】 Not until the teacher gave the signal to start did the students begin to work on the challenging math problem, which required both patience and creative thinking to solve correctly. （约28词） 【核心词汇】 词汇 音标 词性 释义与搭配 signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ n. 信号。give a signal / signal to do / traffic signal。例：The captain gave the signal to begin. challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ adj. 具有挑战性的。challenging problem / challenging task / find sth. challenging。例：This is a challenging math problem. patience /ˈpeɪʃns/ n. 耐心。have patience / with patience / require patience。例：You need patience to solve difficult problems. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 创造性的。creative thinking / creative solution / be creative。例：Creative thinking is essential for problem-solving. solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决。solve a problem / solve a puzzle / solve a mystery。例：He finally solved the difficult equation. correctly /kəˈrektli/ adv. 正确地。answer correctly / solve correctly / behave correctly。例：She answered all the questions correctly. 【句子解剖】 [倒装句] Not until the teacher gave the signal to start did the students begin to work on the challenging math problem, which required both patience and creative thinking to solve correctly. ├── [句首否定结构] Not until the teacher gave the signal to start │ ├── Not until：否定词位于句首，触发主句倒装 │ └── [时间状语从句]（不倒装）：the teacher gave the signal to start │ ├── 主语：the teacher │ ├── 谓语：gave │ ├── 宾语：the signal │ └── 定语：to start（不定式作定语修饰signal） │ ├── [主句] 部分倒装：did the students begin to work on the challenging math problem │ ├── 助动词：did（提到主语前，标志倒装） │ ├── 主语：the students │ └── 谓语：begin（原形） │ └── 宾语：to work on the challenging math problem │ └── [定语从句] 非限制性定语从句：which required both patience and creative thinking to solve correctly ├── 关系代词：which（指代the challenging math problem） ├── 谓语：required ├── 宾语：both patience and creative thinking └── 目的状语：to solve correctly（不定式短语表目的） [还原后的普通句] The students did not begin to work on the challenging math problem until the teacher gave the signal to start. 【语法精讲】 一、"Not until"倒装的规则——高考最高频倒装考点 规则 说明 本句体现 句首否定触发倒装 "Not until"在句首时引起主句倒装 Not until...did... 从句不倒装 until引导的从句正常语序 the teacher gave the signal ✓ 主句部分倒装 助动词提到主语前 did the students begin 倒装还原： - 倒装句：Not until the teacher gave the signal did the students begin to work. - 还原句：The students did not begin to work until the teacher gave the signal. 记忆：倒装句中，not被挪到句首与until合并了，所以主句用肯定形式did begin（不加not）。 二、"require + 宾语 + to do"结构 "required both patience and creative thinking to solve correctly"中的宾语后接不定式作目的状语： 结构 例句 require + 宾语 + to do（本句） required patience to solve correctly use + 宾语 + to do used a new method to solve it need + 宾语 + to do need more time to finish it 三、"both...and..."的并列结构 "both patience and creative thinking"是"both...and..."连接的并列宾语。 结构 含义 例句 both A and B（本句） A和B两者都 both patience and creative thinking either A or B 要么A要么B either patience or luck neither A nor B A和B都不 neither patience nor talent 四、部分倒装 vs 完全倒装——全景对比 对比项 部分倒装（本句） 完全倒装 怎么"倒" 只把助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主语前 把整个谓语移到主语前 触发词 否定词、Only+状语、So/Such开头等 方位词/地点状语在句首 例句 Not until...did the students begin... In the forest stands a temple. 还原 ...the students did begin... ...a temple stands... 【翻译技巧】 本句翻译需要注意： 1. "Not until..."结构翻译为"直到……才……"。 2. "gave the signal to start"中的"to start"是不定式作定语修饰signal，翻译为"发出开始的信号"。 3. "the challenging math problem"翻译为"这道具有挑战性的数学题"。 4. 非限制性定语从句"which required both patience and creative thinking to solve correctly"翻译为"这道题需要耐心和创造性思维才能正确解答"。 【参考译文】 直到老师发出开始的信号，学生们才开始思考这道具有挑战性的数学题，而这道题需要耐心和创造性思维才能正确解答。 【名师点睛】 ⭐ "Not until"倒装记忆规则："从句不倒主句倒，not跟until去句首，主句变成肯定式。"只要能还原为"主句didn't...until..."的句子，倒装时去掉not（因为not已在句首），主句用肯定式的助动词提前即可。 —————————————————————————————————————————————————— 第26句 No.26 | 难度系数：★★★★☆ | 来源：2021年新高考I卷 · 阅读理解D篇 【原句】 Not only did the new policy help reduce air pollution in the city, but it also encouraged the development of green industries, creating thousands of new jobs in the renewable energy sector. （约30词） 【核心词汇】 词汇 音标 词性 释义与搭配 policy /ˈpɒləsi/ n. 政策，方针。new policy / government policy / foreign policy。例：The new policy took effect last month. reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少，降低。reduce pollution / reduce costs / reduce the risk。例：We need to reduce carbon emissions. pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ n. 污染。air pollution / reduce pollution / environmental pollution。例：Air pollution is a serious problem. encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励，促进。encourage the development of / encourage sb. to do。例：The policy encourages green innovation. renewable /rɪˈnjuːəbl/ adj. 可再生的。renewable energy / renewable resources。例：Solar power is a renewable energy source. sector /ˈsektə/ n. 部门，领域。energy sector / public sector / private sector。例：The renewable energy sector is growing rapidly. 【句子解剖】 [倒装句] Not only did the new policy help reduce air pollution in the city, but it also encouraged the development of green industries, creating thousands of new jobs in the renewable energy sector. ├── [倒装结构] Not only did the new policy help reduce air pollution in the city │ ├── 句首标记：Not only（否定短语在句首 → 触发部分倒装） │ ├── 助动词：did（提到主语前） │ ├── 主语：the new policy │ ├── 谓语：help（原形） │ ├── 宾语：reduce air pollution in the city（省略to的不定式短语） │ │ ├── reduce air pollution │ │ └── 地点状语：in the city │ └── 还原：The new policy not only helped reduce air pollution... │ ├── 并列结构：but it also encouraged the development of green industries │ ├── 连词：but（与前面的Not only构成"Not only...but also..."） │ ├── 主语：it（指代the new policy） │ ├── 状语：also │ ├── 谓语：encouraged │ └── 宾语：the development of green industries │ └── 结果状语（现在分词短语）：creating thousands of new jobs in the renewable energy sector ├── 现在分词：creating（表结果） ├── 宾语：thousands of new jobs └── 地点状语：in the renewable energy sector 【语法精讲】 一、"Not only...but also..."倒装——高考倒装次高频考点 核心规则：Not only位于句首时，其所在的分句要部分倒装，but also后面的分句不倒装。 位置 是否倒装 本句体现 Not only所在的分句 倒装 Not only did the new policy help... but also后面的分句 不倒装 but it also encouraged...（正常语序） 倒装还原： - 倒装：Not only did the new policy help reduce pollution, but it also... - 还原：The new policy not only helped reduce pollution, but it also... 二、"Not only"倒装 vs "Only"倒装——易混点对比 对比项 Not only倒装（本句） Only倒装 触发条件 Not only在句首 Only + 状语在句首 倒装范围 Not only所在的分句倒装 主句倒装 完整结构 Not only + 倒装分句, but also + 正常分句 Only + 状语 + 倒装主句 例句 Not only did he come, but he stayed. Only then did I understand. 三、help (to) do——省略to的不定式 "help reduce air pollution"中的help后接不定式时，to可以省略。 结构 例句 说明 help + do（本句） help reduce pollution 美式英语常见，省略to help + to do help to reduce pollution 英式英语常见，保留to help + sb. + (to) do help us solve the problem 接宾语时可省略to 四、现在分词短语作结果状语（creating...） "creating thousands of new jobs..."是现在分词短语作结果状语，表示新政带来的自然结果。 功能 例句 含义 作结果状语（本句） ..., creating thousands of new jobs 结果：创造了数千个就业岗位 作伴随状语 ..., providing clean energy for millions 伴随：为数百万提供清洁能源 【翻译技巧】 本句翻译需要注意： 1. "Not only did the new policy help reduce air pollution..."中的倒装，汉语用"不仅……还……"来表达，"不仅"放在句首体现倒装语气。 2. "help reduce air pollution"翻译为"有助于减少空气污染"。 3. "the development of green industries"翻译为"绿色产业的发展"。 4. "creating thousands of new jobs in the renewable energy sector"是现在分词作结果状语，翻译为"在可再生能源领域创造了数千个新的就业岗位"。 【参考译文】 这项新政策不仅有助于减少城市的空气污染，还促进了绿色产业的发展，在可再生能源领域创造了数千个新的就业岗位。 【名师点睛】 ⭐ "Not only"倒装核心规则："Not only在句首，所在分句要倒装；but also分句不倒装，连接并列莫忘掉。"判断方法：Not only后面的分句，把助动词提到主语前即可。 —————————————————————————————————————————————————— —————————————————————————————————————————————————— Day 29 — 完全倒装 第27句 No.27 | 难度系数：★★★☆☆ | 来源：2019年全国卷III · 阅读理解C篇 【原句】 In the center of the ancient forest stands a magnificent temple that was built over a thousand years ago, attracting thousands of visitors from all over the world who come to admire its architectural beauty. （约32词） 【核心词汇】 词汇 音标 词性 释义与搭配 ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/ adj. 古老的。ancient forest / ancient civilization / ancient building。例：The ancient temple dates back to the Tang Dynasty. magnificent /mæɡˈnɪfɪsnt/ adj. 宏伟的，壮观的。magnificent temple / magnificent view / magnificent palace。例：The Great Wall is a magnificent structure. temple /ˈtempl/ n. 寺庙。ancient temple / build a temple / visit a temple。例：The temple attracts many visitors. attract /əˈtrækt/ v. 吸引。attract visitors / attract attention / attract tourists。例：The museum attracts millions of visitors each year. admire /ədˈmaɪə/ v. 欣赏，钦佩。admire the beauty / admire sb. for / admire the view。例：Tourists came to admire the architecture. architectural /ˌɑːkɪˈtektʃərəl/ adj. 建筑的。architectural beauty / architectural style / architectural design。例：The city is famous for its architectural beauty. 【句子解剖】 [倒装句] In the center of the ancient forest stands a magnificent temple that was built over a thousand years ago, attracting thousands of visitors from all over the world who come to admire its architectural beauty. ├── [句首地点状语] In the center of the ancient forest │ ├── 介词：In（在……里面） │ ├── 宾语：the center of the ancient forest │ └── 功能：地点状语位于句首 → 触发完全倒装 │ ├── [完全倒装] stands a magnificent temple │ ├── 谓语：stands（倒装到主语前，不及物动词） │ └── 主语：a magnificent temple（倒装到谓语后） │ ├── [定语从句①] 限制性定语从句：that was built over a thousand years ago │ ├── 关系代词：that（指代temple，作主语） │ ├── 谓语：was built（被动语态） │ └── 时间状语：over a thousand years ago │ ├── [现在分词短语] 结果/伴随状语：attracting thousands of visitors from all over the world │ ├── 现在分词：attracting（表示前面整件事的结果） │ ├── 宾语：thousands of visitors │ └── 定语：from all over the world │ └── [定语从句②] 限制性定语从句：who come to admire its architectural beauty ├── 关系代词：who（指代visitors，作主语） ├── 谓语：come └── 目的状语：to admire its architectural beauty [还原后的普通句] A magnificent temple that was built over a thousand years ago stands in the center of the ancient forest, attracting thousands of visitors from all over the world who come to admire its architectural beauty. └── 问题：主语过长（带定语从句），头重脚轻 → 所以倒装 【语法精讲】 一、完全倒装的核心条件 完全倒装的本质：谓语动词全部移到主语之前。 条件 说明 本句是否符合 地点状语/方位词在句首 通常是介词短语或here/there等 In the center of... ✓ 谓语动词 通常是不及物动词 stands ✓ 主语 必须是名词，不能是代词 a magnificent temple ✓ 主语为代词时不倒装： 主语 例句 是否正确 名词 Here comes the bus. ✓ 倒装 代词 Here he comes. ✗ 不倒装（不能说Here comes he） 代词 In the center it stands. ✗ 不倒装 二、完全倒装的修辞功能——为什么要倒装？ 功能 本句体现 不倒装的版本 结构平衡 主语a magnificent temple较长，且有定语从句，放句末避免头重脚轻 A magnificent temple, that was built over a thousand years ago...stands in the center...（主语太长，头重脚轻） 强调作用 强调地点"在古老森林的中央" — 衔接自然 使上下文的场景描述更连贯 — 三、现在分词短语作结果状语 "attracting thousands of visitors..."是现在分词短语，表示自然而然的结果。 功能 例句 含义 作结果状语（本句） ..., attracting thousands of visitors 结果：吸引了成千上万游客 作伴随状语 ..., standing in the forest 伴随：矗立在森林中 作方式状语 ..., using local materials 方式：使用当地材料 四、多层定语叠加结构 本句中有多层修饰关系： a magnificent temple └── [定语从句①] that was built over a thousand years ago attracting thousands of visitors ├── [定语] from all over the world └── [定语从句②] who come to admire its architectural beauty 【翻译技巧】 本句翻译需要注意： 1. 倒装部分"In the center of the ancient forest stands a magnificent temple"翻译为"在古老森林的中央矗立着一座宏伟的寺庙"。汉语用"矗立着"保留了动态感。 2. "that was built over a thousand years ago"翻译为"建于一千多年前"。 3. "attracting thousands of visitors from all over the world"翻译为"吸引了来自世界各地的成千上万游客"。 4. "who come to admire its architectural beauty"翻译为"前来欣赏其建筑之美"。 【参考译文】 在古老森林的中央矗立着一座宏伟的寺庙，它建于一千多年前，吸引了来自世界各地的成千上万游客前来欣赏其建筑之美。 【名师点睛】 ⭐ 完全倒装三个条件："方位词句首、谓语不及物、主语是名词。"三个条件缺一不可。特别注意：主语是代词绝不倒装（Here it is / Here comes the bus）。口诀："方位词句首，不及物动词走，名词主语后，代词不倒凑。" —————————————————————————————————————————————————— 第28句 No.28 | 难度系数：★★★★☆ | 来源：2018年全国卷II · 阅读理解C篇 【原句】 So profound was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on society that it not only transformed the way goods were produced but also fundamentally changed the structure of families and communities. （约28词） 【核心词汇】 词汇 音标 词性 释义与搭配 profound /prəˈfaʊnd/ adj. 深远的，深刻的。profound impact / profound effect / profound change。例：The discovery had a profound impact on science. impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n. 影响，冲击。have an impact on / the impact of A on B / profound impact。例：Technology has a huge impact on our lives. Industrial Revolution /ɪnˈdʌstriəl ˌrevəˈluːʃn/ n. 工业革命。the Industrial Revolution / during the Industrial Revolution。例：The Industrial Revolution changed the world. transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ v. 转变，改造。transform the way / transform society / transform into。例：The Internet has transformed the way we communicate. fundamentally /ˌfʌndəˈmentəli/ adv. 根本上，彻底地。fundamentally change / fundamentally different / fundamentally important。例：The two approaches are fundamentally different. structure /ˈstrʌktʃə/ n. 结构。the structure of / social structure / family structure。例：The structure of society has changed. 【句子解剖】 [倒装句] So profound was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on society that it not only transformed the way goods were produced but also fundamentally changed the structure of families and communities. ├── [倒装结构] So profound was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on society │ ├── 表语：So profound（"So + 形容词"提到句首） │ ├── 系动词：was（倒装到主语前） │ └── 主语：the impact of the Industrial Revolution on society │ ├── 中心词：the impact │ ├── 定语①：of the Industrial Revolution（工业革命的） │ └── 定语②：on society（对社会的） │ └── [结果状语从句] that it not only transformed the way goods were produced but also fundamentally changed the structure of families and communities ├── 连词：that（与前面的So构成"So...that..."结构） ├── 主语：it（指代the Industrial Revolution） ├── 并列谓语①：not only transformed the way goods were produced │ ├── 谓语：transformed │ └── 宾语：the way（后接省略that/in which的定语从句） │ └── 定语从句：goods were produced ├── 并列连词：but also └── 并列谓语②：fundamentally changed the structure of families and communities ├── 状语：fundamentally ├── 谓语：changed └── 宾语：the structure of families and communities [还原后的普通句] The impact of the Industrial Revolution on society was so profound that it not only transformed the way goods were produced but also fundamentally changed the structure of families and communities. 【语法精讲】 一、"So/Such...that"的倒装结构——高考倒装句重要考点 本句将"So + 形容词"放在句首，触发完全倒装，同时保留了"So...that..."的因果关系。 倒装规则： So + 形容词/副词 + be/助动词 + 主语 + that + 从句 本句倒装还原： - 倒装：So profound was the impact that... - 还原：The impact was so profound that... 二、"So...that"倒装的三种形式 形式 结构 例句 So + 形容词 + be + 主语 + that 系表结构倒装（本句） So profound was its impact that... So + 副词 + 助动词 + 主语 + that 行为动词倒装 So fast did he run that no one could catch him. Such + be + 主语 + that such本身作表语倒装 Such was the storm that the trees fell. 三、省略关系代词的定语从句——"the way goods were produced" "the way goods were produced"中，way后面的定语从句省略了关系代词that/in which。 先行词 完整形式 省略形式 the way the way in which goods were produced the way (that) goods were produced the way the way that goods were produced the way goods were produced（本句） 高考要点："the way"后的定语从句，关系词可以用in which/that/省略三种形式。 四、"not only...but also..."连接并列谓语 本句中"not only transformed...but also fundamentally changed..."是"not only...but also..."连接两个并列的谓语动词。 并列类型 例句 并列谓语（本句） It not only transformed...but also changed... 并列主语 Not only the students but also the teacher was surprised. 并列宾语 He learned not only English but also French. 【翻译技巧】 本句翻译需要注意： 1. 倒装部分"So profound was the impact..."翻译为"工业革命对社会的影响如此深远……"，"So...that"结构用"如此……以至于……"来对应。 2. "transformed the way goods were produced"翻译为"改变了商品的生产方式"。 3. "fundamentally changed the structure of families and communities"翻译为"从根本上改变了家庭和社区的结构"。 4. 注意本句的两个并列结果都归因于"So profound was the impact"这一主因。 【参考译文】 工业革命对社会的影响如此深远，以至于它不仅改变了商品的生产方式，还从根本上改变了家庭和社区的结构。 【名师点睛】 ⭐ "So...that"倒装还原法：看到"So + 形容词/副词 + be/助动词 + 主语 + that"，把它还原为"The + 主语 + be/助动词 + so + 形容词/副词 + that"即可理解。口诀："So+形容在句首，be/助动词跟上走，主语后来that后跟，还原so放中间走。" —————————————————————————————————————————————————— —————————————————————————————————————————————————— Day 30 — 强调句与倒装句综合 第29句 No.29 | 难度系数：★★★★★ | 来源：2016年全国卷III · 阅读理解D篇 【原句】 Such was the power of the earthquake that within minutes the whole city lay in ruins, and it was not until the arrival of international aid teams that the survivors began to receive proper medical treatment. （约31词） 【核心词汇】 词汇 音标 词性 释义与搭配 earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ n. 地震。powerful earthquake / earthquake zone / earthquake-hit area。例：The earthquake measured 7.5 on the Richter scale. lie in ruins /laɪ ɪn ˈruːɪnz/ 短语 变为废墟。lie in ruins / fall into ruins / in ruins。例：After the war, the entire city lay in ruins. arrival /əˈraɪvl/ n. 到达，抵达。the arrival of / on arrival / arrival time。例：The arrival of the rescue team brought hope. international /ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəl/ adj. 国际的。international aid / international team / international community。例：International aid arrived within days. aid /eɪd/ n. 援助，帮助。international aid / aid team / give aid / in aid of。例：The aid workers provided food and medicine. survivor /səˈvaɪvə/ n. 幸存者。earthquake survivor / the only survivor / survivor of。例：The survivors were rescued from the ruins. medical treatment /ˈmedɪkl ˈtriːtmənt/ n. 医疗救治。receive medical treatment / proper medical treatment。例：The injured received immediate medical treatment. 【句子解剖】 [并列复合句] Such was the power of the earthquake that within minutes the whole city lay in ruins, and it was not until the arrival of international aid teams that the survivors began to receive proper medical treatment. │ ├── [分句①] Such was the power of the earthquake that within minutes the whole city lay in ruins │ ├── [完全倒装] Such was the power of the earthquake │ │ ├── 表语：Such（提到句首，相当于So great） │ │ ├── 系动词：was（倒装到主语前） │ │ └── 主语：the power of the earthquake │ └── [结果状语从句] that within minutes the whole city lay in ruins │ ├── 连词：that（与Such构成"Such...that..."结构） │ ├── 时间状语：within minutes │ ├── 主语：the whole city │ └── 谓语：lay in ruins（lie in ruins的过去式） │ ├── 并列连词：and │ └── [分句②] it was not until the arrival of international aid teams that the survivors began to receive proper medical treatment ├── [强调句] It was not until...that... ├── 被强调部分：not until the arrival of international aid teams │ ├── not until：直到……才 │ └── 时间名词：the arrival of international aid teams └── 句子剩余部分（肯定式）：that the survivors began to receive proper medical treatment ├── 主语：the survivors ├── 谓语：began └── 宾语：to receive proper medical treatment [整体逻辑] "Such...that"倒装（地震威力大→城市变废墟）→ and → not until强调句（直到救援队来→才得到救治） └── 因果关系 └── 时间递进关系 【语法精讲】 一、两种强调/倒装句式在同一句中的综合运用 本句综合了"Such...that"完全倒装和"not...until"强调句两种语法结构，通过and并列。 分句 结构类型 语法重点 功能 分句① "Such...that"完全倒装 Such作为表语提到句首，触发倒装 强调地震威力大 分句② "It was not until...that"强调句 not until强调时间点 强调救援到来的时间 二、"Such...that"倒装 vs "So...that"倒装——复习对比 对比项 So...that倒装 Such...that倒装（本句） 句首成分 So + 形容词/副词 Such（代词，相当于so great） 后续结构 be/助动词 + 主语 be + 主语 例句 So profound was its impact that... Such was the power that... 还原 The impact was so profound that... The power was such that...（= so great） 三、"not until + 名词短语"结构 在强调句中，"not until"后面可以跟从句（详见Day 27），也可以跟名词短语（本句用法）。 结构 例句 not until + 从句 It was not until the aid teams arrived that... not until + 名词短语（本句） It was not until the arrival of the aid teams that... not until + 时间名词 It was not until the 20th century that... 名词化转换（写作中可以用于提升表达档次）： - 从句：until the aid teams arrived - 名词化：until the arrival of the aid teams 四、"within minutes"的用法 "within minutes" = "几分钟之内"。"within + 时间段"表示"在……时间之内"。 短语 含义 within minutes 几分钟之内 within hours 几小时之内 within days 几天之内 within a week 一周之内 【翻译技巧】 本句翻译需要注意： 1. "Such was the power of the earthquake"中的"Such"翻译为"如此之大"（相当于so great），整句"地震的威力如此之大"。 2. "within minutes the whole city lay in ruins"翻译为"几分钟之内整座城市就变成了一片废墟"。 3. "it was not until the arrival of international aid teams that..."翻译为"直到国际救援队到达后，幸存者们才开始……"（"arrival"是名词，翻译成动词"到达"更符合汉语表达习惯）。 4. 注意两个分句之间的逻辑关系：地震威力大→城市变废墟→救援队到达→得到救治。 【参考译文】 地震的威力如此之大，几分钟之内整座城市就变成了一片废墟，直到国际救援队到达后，幸存者们才开始得到适当的医疗救治。 【名师点睛】 ⭐ 综合句式分析步骤："先分句（找并列连词and/but/or断开），再逐句分析结构（倒装/强调/从句）。"本句用and连接了两个复合句，前半句是"Such...that"倒装，后半句是"not until"强调句。分别理解后再合并，长难句就破解了！ —————————————————————————————————————————————————— 第30句 No.30 | 难度系数：★★★★★ | 来源：2019年浙江卷 · 完形填空 【原句】 Hard as the rescue workers tried to save every life trapped under the ruins, it was not until the arrival of specialized equipment that their efforts finally began to yield significant results in the rescue operation. （约31词） 【核心词汇】 词汇 音标 词性 释义与搭配 rescue /ˈreskjuː/ n./v. 救援，营救。rescue workers / rescue team / come to one's rescue。例：The rescue workers arrived at the scene. trap /træp/ v. 困住，陷入。be trapped under / be trapped in / trap sb.。例：Many people were trapped under the fallen building. ruins /ˈruːɪnz/ n. 废墟，遗迹。under the ruins / lie in ruins / fall into ruins。例：The rescue team searched through the ruins. specialized /ˈspeʃəlaɪzd/ adj. 专门的，专业的。specialized equipment / specialized training / specialized skills。例：Specialized equipment was needed for the rescue. yield /jiːld/ v. 产生，得出。yield results / yield benefits / yield to。例：The experiment yielded promising results. operation /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ n. 行动，操作。rescue operation / in operation / military operation。例：The rescue operation lasted three days. 【句子解剖】 [并列复合句] Hard as the rescue workers tried to save every life trapped under the ruins, it was not until the arrival of specialized equipment that their efforts finally began to yield significant results in the rescue operation. │ ├── [分句A] 让步状语从句（倒装）：Hard as the rescue workers tried to save every life trapped under the ruins │ ├── 倒装结构：Hard（副词）+ as（= although）+ 主语 + 谓语 │ ├── 主语：the rescue workers │ ├── 谓语：tried │ ├── 宾语：to save every life trapped under the ruins │ │ ├── 不定式核心：to save every life │ │ └── 定语：trapped under the ruins（过去分词短语作定语修饰every life） │ └── 正常语序：Although the rescue workers tried hard to save every life trapped under the ruins │ ├── [分句B] 主句（强调句）：it was not until the arrival of specialized equipment that their efforts finally began to yield significant results in the rescue operation │ ├── 强调结构：It was not until...that...（强调时间） │ ├── 被强调部分：not until the arrival of specialized equipment │ ├── 主语：their efforts │ ├── 状语：finally │ ├── 谓语：began │ └── 宾语：to yield significant results in the rescue operation │ ├── 不定式核心：to yield significant results │ └── 地点状语：in the rescue operation │ └── 逻辑关系：让步（虽然拼命努力）→ but（隐含转折）→ 强调条件（直到专业设备到来才见效） [分句A还原] Although the rescue workers tried hard to save every life trapped under the ruins... [分句B还原] The rescue workers' efforts did not begin to yield significant results in the rescue operation until the arrival of specialized equipment. 【语法精讲】 一、as引导的让步状语从句倒装——四种形式 本句"Hard as the rescue workers tried"是"副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语"的倒装结构，相当于"Although the rescue workers tried hard"。 形式 结构 例句 副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语（本句） Hard as they tried Hard as they tried, they couldn't save everyone. 形容词 + as + 主语 + be Difficult as it was Difficult as it was, they never gave up. 名词 + as + 主语 + be Child as he is（无冠词） Child as he is, he knows a lot. 动词原形 + as + 主语 + 助动词 Try as he might Try as he might, he couldn't move the stone. as, though, although的区别： 连词 是否可以倒装 例句 as 必须倒装 Hard as it was... though 可以倒装，也可以不倒装 Hard though it was... / Though it was hard... although 不能倒装 Although it was hard...（不能说Hard although...） 二、"trapped under the ruins"——过去分词短语作定语 "every life trapped under the ruins"中的"trapped under the ruins"是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰every life，表示"被困在废墟下的每一条生命"。 主动/被动 形式 例句 被动（本句） 过去分词短语 lives trapped under the ruins 主动 现在分词短语 rescuers working at the scene 被动 过去分词短语 equipment used in the rescue 三、名词化表达——"the arrival of specialized equipment" "the arrival of specialized equipment"是将动词arrive转换为名词arrival的名词化表达。 动词形式 名词形式 使用场景 equipment arrived the arrival of equipment 强调句/书面语（本句） aid teams arrived the arrival of aid teams 正式表达 名词化的作用：使表达更加书面化、正式化，同时也方便在强调句中使用（强调名词短语而非从句）。 四、"begin to yield results"——动词搭配 "began to yield significant results"中的yield表示"产生、带来（结果）"。 搭配 含义 例句 yield results（本句） 产生结果 The new method yielded positive results. yield benefits 带来好处 The investment yielded great benefits. bear fruit 取得成果（比喻） Their efforts finally bore fruit. 【翻译技巧】 本句翻译需要注意： 1. "Hard as the rescue workers tried"是让步倒装，翻译为"尽管救援人员拼命努力"。汉语用"尽管……"表达让步。 2. "to save every life trapped under the ruins"中的"trapped under the ruins"翻译为"被困在废墟下的"。 3. "it was not until the arrival of specialized equipment that..."翻译为"直到专业设备到达后……才……"。 4. "yield significant results in the rescue operation"翻译为"在救援行动中产生显著的效果"。 5. 整句的逻辑关系是：尽管努力→但条件限制→直到设备到来→才见效。 【参考译文】 尽管救援人员拼命努力，想要救出被困在废墟下的每一条生命，但直到专业设备到达后，他们的努力才终于在救援行动中开始产生显著的效果。 【名师点睛】 ⭐ as让步倒装 + 强调句综合分析法："先看句首标志词，as引导让步倒装；再看主句结构，not until强调时间。"本句中"Hard as"标志让步倒装，"it was not until...that"标志强调句。两种结构放在一起，先分别识别，再理解让步与条件的逻辑关系。口诀："倒装不用怕，标志先找它；还原成正序，意思自然达。" —————————————————————————————————————————————————— 强调句与倒装句用法速查表 强调句 用法 结构 例句 基本结构 It is/was + 强调部分 + that + 剩余部分 It was Tom that broke the window. 强调主语 强调在句中作主语的名词/代词 It was the combined efforts that made the project a success. 强调宾语 强调在句中作宾语的名词 It was this book that I bought. 强调状语 强调时间/地点/方式状语 It was yesterday that he arrived. not...until强调 It was not until...that... It was not until night that he came back. 并列强调句 It is/was...that..., but it is/was...that... It was guidance that helped, but it is effort that keeps him going. 倒装句：部分倒装 结构 标志词 例句 否定词位于句首 Never, Seldom, Rarely, Little, Hardly Never have I seen such a sight. Not until位于句首 Not until + 从句/时间 Not until later did I understand. Only + 状语位于句首 Only + 副词/介词短语/状语从句 Only in this way can we succeed. Not only位于句首 Not only...but (also)... Not only did he come, but he stayed. 虚拟条件句省略if Were/Had/Should提到主语前 Had I known, I would have come. 倒装句：完全倒装 结构 标志词 例句 方位词位于句首 Here, There, In, Out, Away, Up, Down Here comes the bus. 地点状语位于句首 介词短语表示地点 On the hill stands a temple. so/such...that倒装 So/Such位于句首 So tired was he that he fell asleep. 表语位于句首（让步） 形容词/名词 + as/though Tired as he was, he kept working. 核心口诀 强调句口诀： It is/was 把句改，强调部分中间摆； that/who后面跟原句，去掉三词句还在。 倒装句口诀： 否定词、Only在句首，部分倒装跟着走； 方位词、Here/There在开头，完全倒装不用愁； So/Such提到最前面，be/助动词主语前； as让步也倒装，表语/状语放最前方； 三种倒装同出现，逐个还原最清晰。 —————————————————————————————————————————————————— *下一册预告：虚拟语气——条件句中的虚拟、名词性从句中的虚拟及其他特殊虚拟用法* 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $