【暑假衔接预习课】第4讲 Unit 2 Vocabulary in Use （后缀+-er,+-or,+-ian,+-ist & 词汇过关检测）2026-2027学年九年级上册（新教材人教版）

八升九英语暑假衔接预习课（新教材人教版） 第四讲 Unit 2 Inspiring People Vocabulary in Use （后缀+-er,+-or,+-ian,+-ist&词汇过关检测） 【Part One 后缀+-er,+-or,+-ian,+-ist】 这四个后缀均为名词后缀，核心功能是将动词、名词转化为表示“人”的名词，主要用于指代从事某职业、进行某动作或具备某专业身份的人，是初中阶段职业类词汇构词法的核心考点。 【考点一】后缀 -er ①搭配动词：这是 -er 最主要的用法，绝大多数实义动词后加 -er 可表示“做该动作的人”。 ②搭配名词：部分表示场所、物品的名词后加 -er，可表示“与该事物相关的人”。 ③特殊情况：少数动词加 -er 后，拼写会有轻微变化（如 run → runner，双写尾字母）。 ④读音多 /ə(r)/ 例如： work → worker 工人 teach → teacher 老师 drive → driver 司机 sing → singer 歌手 farm → farmer 农民 run → runner 跑步者 write → writer 作家 play → player 运动员；玩家 【考点二】后缀 -or ①搭配动词：多与以 -ct、-t、-ss、-ve 结尾的动词搭配，是 -er 的“补充后缀”，用法相对固定。 ②注意：少数动词只能加 -or，不能加 -er（如 act → actor，无 acter 形式）。 例如：act → actor 男演员 visit → visitor 访客 invent → inventor 发明家 operate → operator 操作员 doctor 医生 professor 教授 tractor 拖拉机（表物） 【考点三】后缀 -ian ① 国家/地区 + ian → …国人 例如： Canada → Canadian 加拿大人 Australia → Australian 澳大利亚人 Russia → Russian 俄罗斯人 India → Indian 印度人 ② 学科/专业名词 + ian → …专家、从业者 例如： music → musician 音乐家 history → historian 历史学家 magic → magician 魔术师 library → librarian 图书管理员 【考点四】后缀 -ist ①爱好/信仰： 例如：art → artist 艺术家 tour → tourist 游客 science → scientist 科学家 ②主义、派系： 例如：socialist 社会主义者 communist 共产主义者 ③乐器/学科专精： 例如：piano → pianist 钢琴家 【当堂练习】 一、2a Circle the correct words to complete the sentences.Then write down morewords ending with-ist,-er,and-ian. 1.When my sister grows up, she wants to become a science / scientist because she likes to find out how the universe works. 2.The history/historian wrote a book about the successful development of socialism in China. 3. My favourite school subject is chemistry / chemist. I love mixing things together and learning why they change. 4.Some biology /biologist students at the university are studying how life on earth began. 5.Teng Fei likes physics/ physicist very much, and he wants to be a scientific researcher/research in the future. 二、填后缀 er / or / ian / ist 1. teach → teach____ 2. invent → invent____ 3. Canada → Canad____ 4. art → art____ 5. drive → driv____ 6. music → music____ 7. operate → operat____ 8. science → scient____ 9. farm → farm____ 10. history → histor____ 三、写出对应职业名词 1. 工人 work ____ 2. 演员 act ____ 3. 钢琴家 piano ____ 4. 印度人 India ____ 5. 司机 drive ____ 6. 魔术师 magic ____ 7. 教授 profess ____ 8. 游客 tour ____ 9. 歌手 sing ____ 10. 历史学家 history ____ 四、根据句意填空 1. He works in a factory. He is a ________. 2. Tom can play the violin well. He is a _________. 3. Marie Curie was a great _________. 4. Justin is from Canada, he is a __________. 5. This _________ plays movies every day. 【参考答案】 一、1. scientist 2.historian 3. chemist 4. biologist 5. physicist；researcher 二、1. teacher 2. inventor 3. Canadian 4. artist 5. driver 6. musician 7. operator 8. scientist 9. farmer 10. historian 三、1. worker 2. actor 3. pianist 4. Indian 5. driver 6. magician 7. professor 8. tourist 9. singer 10. historian 四、1. worker 2. musician 3. scientist 4. Canadian 5. actor 【Part Two 词汇过关检测 】 1. __________ adj. 鼓舞人心的；激励的 2. __________ v. 钦佩；赞赏 3. __________ n. 历史学家 4. __________ n. 研究员 5. __________ n. 化学家 6. __________ n. 物理学家 7. __________ n. 饥饿 8. __________ n. 化学 9. __________ n. 日历；日程表 10. __________ n. 发现 11. __________ n. 世纪 12. __________ adj. 受伤的；负伤的 13. __________ n. 士兵 14. __________ adj. 英国的；英国人的 15. __________ n.（飞机的）航线；航路 16. __________ n. 国家；民族 17. __________ n. & v. 传播；散布 18. __________ n. 疾病 19. __________ n. 先驱；先锋 20. __________ adj. 令人钦佩的 21. __________ n. 金字塔 22. __________ n. 平衡 v. 保持平衡 23. __________ n. 勇气；勇敢 24. __________ n. 智慧；学问 25. __________ n. 鼓舞人心的人（或事物） 26. __________ adj. 勇敢的 27. __________ adj. 必要的；必需的 28. __________ n. 种子 29. __________ n. 童年 30. __________ n. 朝代；王朝 31. __________ adj. 西方的；西部的 32. __________ adj. 科学（上）的 33. __________ n. 生物学家 34. __________ adj. 所有的；完全的 35. __________ n. 银行 36. __________ adv. 永远 37. __________ n. 无线电；收音机 38. __________ n. 收集物；收藏品 39. __________ n. 探索 40. __________ n. 宇宙 41. __________ n. 社会主义 42. __________ n. 传记 43. __________ n. 职业 44. __________ n. 成就；成绩 45. __________ v. 克服；解决 46. __________ n. 品质；质量 【答案】 1. inspiring 2. admire 3. historian 4. researcher 5. chemist 6. physicist 7. hunger 8. chemistry 9. calendar 10. discovery 11. century 12. wounded 13. soldier 14. British 15. airway 16. nation 17. spread 18. disease 19. pioneer 20. admirable 21. pyramid 22. balance 23. courage 24. wisdom 25. inspiration 26. brave 27. necessary 28. seed 29. childhood 30. dynasty 31. western 32. scientific 33. biologist 34. whole 35. bank 36. forever 37. radio 38. collection 39. exploration 40. universe 41. socialism 42. biography 43. profession 44. achievement 45. overcome 46. quality 【Part Three 短语过关检测 】 1. __________ 钦佩；仰慕 2. __________ 实现；成为现实 3. __________ 留下；离开 4. __________ 继续存在；继续活着 5. __________ 辍学 6. __________ 充满勇气 7. __________ 充满智慧 8. __________ 做出重要发现 9. __________ 发展现代护理 10. __________ 阻止疾病传播 11. __________ 不畏严寒 12. __________ 表现出对……的热爱 13. __________ 花费一生做某事 14. __________ 成为某人的生活重心 15. __________ 培训当地学生 16. __________ 收集种子 17. __________ 鼓舞人心的人 18. __________ 令人钦佩的品质 19. __________ 永不放弃 20. __________ 胸怀大志 【答案】 1. look up to 2. come true 3. leave behind 4. live on 5. drop out of school 6. full of courage 7. full of wisdom 8. make important discoveries 9. develop modern nursing 10. stop the spread of diseases 11. brave the cold weather 12. show a deep love for 13. spend one's whole life doing 14. become the focus of one's life 15. train local students 16. collect seeds 17. inspiring people 18. admirable qualities 19. never give up 20. dream big 【当堂练习】 2b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box. spread wise elder calendar radio 1. I heard about the latest discoveries about black holes on the ___________. 2. Curiosity and ___________lead us to explore the secrets of the universe. 3. I would love to have lunch with you next week.Let me check my ___________to see if I am free. 4.You'd better wear a mask when you go out. The disease is ___________, and the number of patients is going up. 5. Marie Curie's ___________daughter, Irène, was also very interested in scienceand won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 【答案】1. radio 2. wisdom 3. calendar 4. spreading 5. elder 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. look up to pioneer courage pilot come true encourage Amelia Earhart was always a brave child, full of ________. Her parents supported and _________her to be herself. After taking her first flight in a plane, she knew that she wanted to become a _________more than anything else in the world. Later, she worked hard to pay for her own flying lessons. In 1922, she flew higher than any woman had done before. Earhart is best known for being a flight ________as the first woman to fly on her own across the Atlantic Ocean in 1932. She became famous around the world. Many people _________ Earhart and find her an inspiring person because of her efforts to work hard and her ability to make her dreams ________. 【答案】 courage; encouraged; pilot; pioneer; look up to; come true 【Part Four 过关检测】 一、根据句意及首字母提示写单词 1. Yuan Longping is a great p________ who devoted himself to rice research. 2. It takes lots of c___________ to stand up for what you believe in. 3. Reading old books brings us much w___________ from ancient people. 4. The brave girl’s story is an i___________ to all teenagers. 5. It is n___________ for us to wear masks in crowded places. 6. During his c___________, he loved painting and nature deeply. 7. The Ming d___________ created many famous buildings in Beijing. 8. The old man has a large c___________ of ancient coins. 9. The great i___________ invented a new kind of light bulb. 10. We all wonder w____________ we can take part in the space trip. 11. The little dog fell into a deep h___________ in the garden. 12. W___________ is the most valuable quality of a good person. 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. All the students ___________ (admire) the hard-working teachers. 2. It is _________ (wisdom) to calm down when you are angry. 3. The homeless kid cried because of terrible __________ (hungry). 4. This is a ___________ (science) report about plant growth. 5. All __________ (mankind) live on the same blue planet. 6. The ___________ (history) spends years studying old pyramids. 7. My uncle is a famous ___________ (chemist) working in a lab. 8. Many ___________ (physics) are researching new energy now. 9. The _____________ (discover) of new medicine saved thousands of lives. 10. This story happened three ____________ (century) ago. 11. The __________ (wound) soldier was sent to hospital at once. 12. The news of success ___________ (spread) across the whole country yesterday. 13. Many kinds of ____________ (disease) can be prevented by exercise. 三、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式（每空2分，共24分） 1. The ________ (金字塔) in Egypt are world-famous. 2. You should keep your life ________ (平衡的) between study and rest. 3. This poem is ________ (激励人心的) for young people. 4. He dropped out of school because of poor ________ (国家；民族) economy. 5. The ________ (航线) from Guangzhou to London takes 12 hours. 6. The ________ (日历) tells us today is a special festival. 7. We read many ________ (西方的) stories in English class. 8. My father works as a ________ (士兵) in the army. 9. ________ (英国人) love drinking afternoon tea very much. 10. He will live in the countryside ________ (永远). 11. The ________ (探索) of the ocean needs lots of time and money. 12. The old ________ (木工手艺) looks beautiful and special. 四、单项选择 1. The ______ studied how ancient people built old palaces. A. physicist B. historian C. chemist 2. We study ______ to know more about elements and reactions. A. chemistry B. biology C. science 3. The ______ studies the laws of light and energy every day. A. historian B. physicist C. inventor 4. I want to buy a new ______ to listen to English news. A. radio B. flight C. hole 5. She will take a ______ to Paris tomorrow morning. A. radio B. flight C. collection 6. The ______ of X-ray changed the world of medicine. A. discovery B. collection C. kindness 7. The ______ scientist spent all his life on space research. A. wounded B. scientific C. admirable 8. We should treat everyone with ______ and care. A. kindness B. courage C. hunger 五、完成句子 1. 我们都十分敬仰那些无私奉献的先驱者。 We all ________ ________ ________ the selfless pioneers. 2. 糟糕的家庭条件让他不得不中途辍学。 He had to ________ ________ ________ school because of his poor family. 3. 经过数十年钻研，他探索太空的梦想最终实现了。 After decades of study, his dream of space exploration finally ________ ________. 4. 古时候，人们依靠采摘野果与狩猎为生。 In ancient times, people ________ ________ wild fruits and hunting. 5. 出发前去探险，不要丢下任何重要物品。 Don’t ________ ________ any important things before you set off to explore. 【参考答案】 一、根据句意及首字母提示写单词 1. pioneer 2. courage 3. wisdom 4. inspiration 5. necessary 6. childhood 7. dynasty 8. collection 9. inventor 10. whether 11. hole 12. Kindness 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. admire 2. wise 3. hunger 4. scientific 5. mankind 6. historian 7. chemist 8. physicists 9. discovery 10. centuries 11. wounded 12. spread 13. diseases 三、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式 1. pyramids 2. balanced 3. inspiring 4. nation’s 5. airway 6. calendar 7. western 8. soldier 9. British 10. forever 11. exploration 12. woodwork 四、单项选择 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.A 五、完成句子 1. look up to 2. drop out of 3. came true 4. lived on 5. leave behind 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八升九英语暑假衔接预习课（新教材人教版） 第四讲 Unit 2 Inspiring People Vocabulary in Use （后缀+-er,+-or,+-ian,+-ist&词汇过关检测） 【Part One 后缀+-er,+-or,+-ian,+-ist】 这四个后缀均为名词后缀，核心功能是将动词、名词转化为表示“人”的名词，主要用于指代从事某职业、进行某动作或具备某专业身份的人，是初中阶段职业类词汇构词法的核心考点。 【考点一】后缀 -er ①搭配动词：这是 -er 最主要的用法，绝大多数实义动词后加 -er 可表示“做该动作的人”。 ②搭配名词：部分表示场所、物品的名词后加 -er，可表示“与该事物相关的人”。 ③特殊情况：少数动词加 -er 后，拼写会有轻微变化（如 run → runner，双写尾字母）。 ④读音多 /ə(r)/ 例如： work → worker 工人 teach → teacher 老师 drive → driver 司机 sing → singer 歌手 farm → farmer 农民 run → runner 跑步者 write → writer 作家 play → player 运动员；玩家 【考点二】后缀 -or ①搭配动词：多与以 -ct、-t、-ss、-ve 结尾的动词搭配，是 -er 的“补充后缀”，用法相对固定。 ②注意：少数动词只能加 -or，不能加 -er（如 act → actor，无 acter 形式）。 例如：act → actor 男演员 visit → visitor 访客 invent → inventor 发明家 operate → operator 操作员 doctor 医生 professor 教授 tractor 拖拉机（表物） 【考点三】后缀 -ian ① 国家/地区 + ian → …国人 例如： Canada → Canadian 加拿大人 Australia → Australian 澳大利亚人 Russia → Russian 俄罗斯人 India → Indian 印度人 ② 学科/专业名词 + ian → …专家、从业者 例如： music → musician 音乐家 history → historian 历史学家 magic → magician 魔术师 library → librarian 图书管理员 【考点四】后缀 -ist ①爱好/信仰： 例如：art → artist 艺术家 tour → tourist 游客 science → scientist 科学家 ②主义、派系： 例如：socialist 社会主义者 communist 共产主义者 ③乐器/学科专精： 例如：piano → pianist 钢琴家 【当堂练习】 一、2a Circle the correct words to complete the sentences.Then write down morewords ending with-ist,-er,and-ian. 1.When my sister grows up, she wants to become a science / scientist because she likes to find out how the universe works. 2.The history/historian wrote a book about the successful development of socialism in China. 3. My favourite school subject is chemistry / chemist. I love mixing things together and learning why they change. 4.Some biology /biologist students at the university are studying how life on earth began. 5.Teng Fei likes physics/ physicist very much, and he wants to be a scientific researcher/research in the future. 二、填后缀 er / or / ian / ist 1. teach → teach____ 2. invent → invent____ 3. Canada → Canad____ 4. art → art____ 5. drive → driv____ 6. music → music____ 7. operate → operat____ 8. science → scient____ 9. farm → farm____ 10. history → histor____ 三、写出对应职业名词 1. 工人 work ____ 2. 演员 act ____ 3. 钢琴家 piano ____ 4. 印度人 India ____ 5. 司机 drive ____ 6. 魔术师 magic ____ 7. 教授 profess ____ 8. 游客 tour ____ 9. 歌手 sing ____ 10. 历史学家 history ____ 四、根据句意填空 1. He works in a factory. He is a ________. 2. Tom can play the violin well. He is a _________. 3. Marie Curie was a great _________. 4. Justin is from Canada, he is a __________. 5. This _________ plays movies every day. 【Part Two 词汇过关检测 】 1. __________ adj. 鼓舞人心的；激励的 2. __________ v. 钦佩；赞赏 3. __________ n. 历史学家 4. __________ n. 研究员 5. __________ n. 化学家 6. __________ n. 物理学家 7. __________ n. 饥饿 8. __________ n. 化学 9. __________ n. 日历；日程表 10. __________ n. 发现 11. __________ n. 世纪 12. __________ adj. 受伤的；负伤的 13. __________ n. 士兵 14. __________ adj. 英国的；英国人的 15. __________ n.（飞机的）航线；航路 16. __________ n. 国家；民族 17. __________ n. & v. 传播；散布 18. __________ n. 疾病 19. __________ n. 先驱；先锋 20. __________ adj. 令人钦佩的 21. __________ n. 金字塔 22. __________ n. 平衡 v. 保持平衡 23. __________ n. 勇气；勇敢 24. __________ n. 智慧；学问 25. __________ n. 鼓舞人心的人（或事物） 26. __________ adj. 勇敢的 27. __________ adj. 必要的；必需的 28. __________ n. 种子 29. __________ n. 童年 30. __________ n. 朝代；王朝 31. __________ adj. 西方的；西部的 32. __________ adj. 科学（上）的 33. __________ n. 生物学家 34. __________ adj. 所有的；完全的 35. __________ n. 银行 36. __________ adv. 永远 37. __________ n. 无线电；收音机 38. __________ n. 收集物；收藏品 39. __________ n. 探索 40. __________ n. 宇宙 41. __________ n. 社会主义 42. __________ n. 传记 43. __________ n. 职业 44. __________ n. 成就；成绩 45. __________ v. 克服；解决 46. __________ n. 品质；质量 【Part Three 短语过关检测 】 1. __________ 钦佩；仰慕 2. __________ 实现；成为现实 3. __________ 留下；离开 4. __________ 继续存在；继续活着 5. __________ 辍学 6. __________ 充满勇气 7. __________ 充满智慧 8. __________ 做出重要发现 9. __________ 发展现代护理 10. __________ 阻止疾病传播 11. __________ 不畏严寒 12. __________ 表现出对……的热爱 13. __________ 花费一生做某事 14. __________ 成为某人的生活重心 15. __________ 培训当地学生 16. __________ 收集种子 17. __________ 鼓舞人心的人 18. __________ 令人钦佩的品质 19. __________ 永不放弃 20. __________ 胸怀大志 【当堂练习】 2b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box. spread wise elder calendar radio 1. I heard about the latest discoveries about black holes on the ___________. 2. Curiosity and ___________lead us to explore the secrets of the universe. 3. I would love to have lunch with you next week.Let me check my ___________to see if I am free. 4.You'd better wear a mask when you go out. The disease is ___________, and the number of patients is going up. 5. Marie Curie's ___________daughter, Irène, was also very interested in scienceand won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. look up to pioneer courage pilot come true encourage Amelia Earhart was always a brave child, full of ________. Her parents supported and _________her to be herself. After taking her first flight in a plane, she knew that she wanted to become a _________more than anything else in the world. Later, she worked hard to pay for her own flying lessons. In 1922, she flew higher than any woman had done before. Earhart is best known for being a flight ________as the first woman to fly on her own across the Atlantic Ocean in 1932. She became famous around the world. Many people _________ Earhart and find her an inspiring person because of her efforts to work hard and her ability to make her dreams ________. 【Part Four 过关检测】 一、根据句意及首字母提示写单词 1. Yuan Longping is a great p________ who devoted himself to rice research. 2. It takes lots of c___________ to stand up for what you believe in. 3. Reading old books brings us much w___________ from ancient people. 4. The brave girl’s story is an i___________ to all teenagers. 5. It is n___________ for us to wear masks in crowded places. 6. During his c___________, he loved painting and nature deeply. 7. The Ming d___________ created many famous buildings in Beijing. 8. The old man has a large c___________ of ancient coins. 9. The great i___________ invented a new kind of light bulb. 10. We all wonder w____________ we can take part in the space trip. 11. The little dog fell into a deep h___________ in the garden. 12. W___________ is the most valuable quality of a good person. 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. All the students ___________ (admire) the hard-working teachers. 2. It is _________ (wisdom) to calm down when you are angry. 3. The homeless kid cried because of terrible __________ (hungry). 4. This is a ___________ (science) report about plant growth. 5. All __________ (mankind) live on the same blue planet. 6. The ___________ (history) spends years studying old pyramids. 7. My uncle is a famous ___________ (chemist) working in a lab. 8. Many ___________ (physics) are researching new energy now. 9. The _____________ (discover) of new medicine saved thousands of lives. 10. This story happened three ____________ (century) ago. 11. The __________ (wound) soldier was sent to hospital at once. 12. The news of success ___________ (spread) across the whole country yesterday. 13. Many kinds of ____________ (disease) can be prevented by exercise. 三、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式（每空2分，共24分） 1. The ________ (金字塔) in Egypt are world-famous. 2. You should keep your life ________ (平衡的) between study and rest. 3. This poem is ________ (激励人心的) for young people. 4. He dropped out of school because of poor ________ (国家；民族) economy. 5. The ________ (航线) from Guangzhou to London takes 12 hours. 6. The ________ (日历) tells us today is a special festival. 7. We read many ________ (西方的) stories in English class. 8. My father works as a ________ (士兵) in the army. 9. ________ (英国人) love drinking afternoon tea very much. 10. He will live in the countryside ________ (永远). 11. The ________ (探索) of the ocean needs lots of time and money. 12. The old ________ (木工手艺) looks beautiful and special. 四、单项选择 1. The ______ studied how ancient people built old palaces. A. physicist B. historian C. chemist 2. We study ______ to know more about elements and reactions. A. chemistry B. biology C. science 3. The ______ studies the laws of light and energy every day. A. historian B. physicist C. inventor 4. I want to buy a new ______ to listen to English news. A. radio B. flight C. hole 5. She will take a ______ to Paris tomorrow morning. A. radio B. flight C. collection 6. The ______ of X-ray changed the world of medicine. A. discovery B. collection C. kindness 7. The ______ scientist spent all his life on space research. A. wounded B. scientific C. admirable 8. We should treat everyone with ______ and care. A. kindness B. courage C. hunger 五、完成句子 1. 我们都十分敬仰那些无私奉献的先驱者。 We all ________ ________ ________ the selfless pioneers. 2. 糟糕的家庭条件让他不得不中途辍学。 He had to ________ ________ ________ school because of his poor family. 3. 经过数十年钻研，他探索太空的梦想最终实现了。 After decades of study, his dream of space exploration finally ________ ________. 4. 古时候，人们依靠采摘野果与狩猎为生。 In ancient times, people ________ ________ wild fruits and hunting. 5. 出发前去探险，不要丢下任何重要物品。 Don’t ________ ________ any important things before you set off to explore. 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $