【暑假衔接预习课】第3讲 Unit 2 Section B（课本预习+知识点详解+综合测练）2026-2027学年九年级上册（新教材人教版）

八升九英语暑假衔接预习课（新教材人教版） 第三讲 Unit 2 Inspiring People Section B What makes people admirable? （词汇预习+课本预习+知识点详解+综合测练） 【Part One 词汇预习】 知识点一 Section B重点单词 1.scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ adj. 科学（上）的 2.whole /həʊl/ adj. 所有的；完全的 3.bank /bæŋk/ n. 银行 4.forever /fəˈrevə(r)/ adv. 永远 5.radio /ˈreɪdiəʊ/ n. 无线电；收音机 6.collection /kəˈlekʃn/ n. 收集物；收藏品 7.exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/ n. 探索 8.universe /ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/ n. 宇宙 9.socialism /ˈsəʊʃəlɪzəm/ n. 社会主义 10.hole /həʊl/ n. 洞；孔 11.daughter /ˈdɔːtə(r)/ n. 女儿 12.herself /hɜːˈself; həˈself/ pron. 她自己；她本人 13.flight /flaɪt/ n. 飞行；航班 14.inventor /ɪnˈventə(r)/ n. 发明家 15.thinker /ˈθɪŋkə(r)/ n. 思想家 16.period /ˈpɪəriəd/ n. 时期；一段时间 17.kindness /ˈkaɪndnəs/ n. 善良 18.whether /ˈweðə(r)/ conj. 是否 知识点二 Section B 重点短语 1.seed bank n. 种子库 2.spend one's life doing sth. 毕生致力于做某事 3.live on 继续存在；流传下去 4.leave behind 留下；遗留 5.build a community of a shared future 构建人类命运共同体 6.scientific exploration 科学探索 7.show deep love and curiosity for 对……满怀热爱与好奇 8.provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 9.show kindness and care to 对……展现善意与关怀 10.avoid attacking one another 避免互相攻击 11.a community of a shared future for mankind.人类命运共同体 12.became the focus of his life成为他毕生追求 13.get a chance to do sth得到机会做某事 14.be known for 因……而闻名 15.die in... 死于...... 16.A huge collection of seeds 大批种子藏品 17.above all 最重要的是；尤其是 18.live on his students 在学生上延续 19.do some research on... 对......做研究 20.dedicate her life to... 毕生致力于....... 21. brave the cold weather and great heights顶着严寒身处高地 【Part Two 课本预习 】 【预习内容】P16 1b The Inspiring Seed Scientist On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. The well‑respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds. Over the years, he collected many important seeds for China’s seed banks. These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, including the ones we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. 2017年9月25日，一则噩耗震动了科学界：中国教授钟扬因车祸不幸离世。这位备受尊敬的生物学家毕生致力于植物与种子研究。多年来，他为国家种子资源库搜集了大量珍稀种子。这类特殊资源库妥善保存各类植物种子，其中包含人类赖以生存的粮食作物种子，守护珍贵物种，避免它们永久从地球上消失。 Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a deep love and curiosity for the things he studied. He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants. The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus of his life after he became a professor at Fudan University. 钟扬生于1964年。年少时，他便对所学事物满怀热爱与求知欲。他学业优异，年仅15岁就考入大学，主修无线电工程，后来逐渐对植物产生浓厚兴趣。入职复旦大学成为教授后，植物研究，尤其是种子研究，成了他一生的事业重心。 It is important for seed banks to include many different kinds of seeds. When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research of the seeds from Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work. 种子资源库需要储备丰富多样的种子物种，意义重大。钟扬发现西藏地区的植物种子研究存在大量空白后，毅然亲自奔赴当地采集种子。2001年起，他常年往返西藏各地。高寒、高海拔的环境带来重重考验，他数次病倒，却从未停下科研的脚步。 Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work. He began a programme to find and train local students in field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from around 1,000 plants. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China. 钟扬深知重大科研事业需要薪火相传。他专门开设培养项目，发掘并指导当地学子开展野外科研，培育新一代科研工作者。他带领团队累计采集超4000万颗种子，涵盖近千种植物。他们的辛劳成果，为全球提供了大量关于中国本土植物的全新研究资料。 Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. His love for his job and research lives on in his students. He once said, “My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now.” 钟扬留下的不只是数量庞大的种子标本，他深耕科研、赤诚奉献的精神，也在学生身上延续传承。他曾说：“我的学生会继续走科学探索的道路，我们采集下的种子，或许在数百年后生根发芽。 【Task One】Read the text, and match each paragraph with its topic. Paragragh 1 A.Training local students to do important work Paragragh 2 B. Introduction to Zhong Yang and seed banks Paragragh 3 C. What he left behind Paragragh 4 D. Becoming interested in seeds Paragragh 5 E. Starting to work and collect seed in Xizang 【Task Two】Fill in the blanks with the information from the text. In 1964 Zhong Yang was ________. In 1979 He entered university at the age of ________. He studied ________ engineering. Later, he became interested in ________. Later He became a ________ at Fudan University. His research focused on plants and ________. In 2001 He began his ________ across Xizang to collect ________. He braved cold weather and great ________. He started a programme to train local ________ in field research. During his work in Xizang With his team, he collected over ________ million seeds from about ________ plants. Their work gave the world new information about China’s plants. On 25 September 2017 Zhong Yang ________ in a car accident. His legacy He left behind a huge collection of ________. His love for his job and research lives on in his ________. He said: “My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow ________ years from now.” 【Task Three】 Translate the following sentences into English. 1.年少时，他便对所学事物满怀热爱与求知欲。 ___________________________________________________________________ 2. 对他来说，抵御严寒，克服高原反应是十分困难的。 ___________________________________________________________________ 3. 他们的辛劳成果，为全球提供了大量关于中国本土植物的全新研究资料。 ___________________________________________________________________ 4. 他对工作和研究的热爱，在学生们身上延续。 ___________________________________________________________________ 【Task Four】Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. collect, devote, love, high, local, million, sad, science, on, birth Zhong Yang, a respected biologist and professor at Fudan University, spent all his life 1 to plant and seed research. His date of 2 was 1964. As a teenager, he had deep 3 and curiosity for study and entered university at 15, majoring in radio engineering before turning to plants. Later, he found the seeds from Xizang lacked enough research. Starting in 2001, he travelled across highlands. The freezing weather and great 4 brought him much trouble. He often fell ill but never stopped 5 seeds. He also set up a programme to train 6 students into field researchers. Up to now, his team has gathered over 40 7 seeds from nearly 1,000 plant kinds, offering valuable data for global 8 study. 9 on 25 September 2017, Zhong Yang passed away in a car accident. He left countless seeds and a lasting spirit. He believed his students would carry 10 scientific exploration, and the seeds they collected would take root centuries later. 【Part Three 知识点详解】 【知识点一】 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. 2017年9月25日，中国教授钟扬在车祸中离世的消息震惊了科学界。 【知识点拨1】be shaken by，意为“被某事所震撼”，是被动语态短语，be动词随人称和时态的变化而变化。 【知识点拨2】that 引导的同位语从句，用于解释news的具体内容。 【含义】在主从复合句中，充当同位语的从句被称为同位语从句。同位语从句用于对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语从句在逻辑上是等同关系。 例句：The fact that he is a good student is known to us all. （“that he is a good student” 就是对 “fact”的具体说明，此即为同位语从句 ） 【知识点拨3】had died是过去完成时的用法，结构是“had+过去分词”，表示在一个过去时间点之前已经完成的动作(即过去的过去)。 【拓展】 辨析die、death、dying与dead 单词 含义及用法 die 终止性动词，无被动语态，不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，意为“死;死亡”。 death die的名词形式，意为“死;死亡”，在句子中作主语或宾语。 dead 为名词，指“死，死亡”，在句中作主语或宾语。 dying die的动词-ing形式，常作形容词，意为“快要死亡的;垂死的”，在句子中常用作定语或表语。 常用短语 ①die from 意为“由于……而死”,但一般常用于由外伤、衰老引起的死亡。 例句：The old man died from a car accident last year.这个老人去年死于一场车祸。 ②die of意思同die from,但它一般指由于疾病、情感等原因引起的死亡。 例句：His grandfather died of liver cancer in 1992.他的祖父1992年死于肝癌。 ③die out 意为“（家族、物种等）灭绝；绝迹”。 例句：Dinosaurs died out 65 million years ago.恐龙在六千五百万年前灭绝了。 【即学即用】从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空。 die     dead     dying     death 1. The people built that tower to honour the           soldiers. 2. The sudden           of the pet dog made the little boy very sad. 3. His pet bird           and he was sad for a long time. 4. The doctor tried to save the           man. 5. The cat has been           for a week. 【知识点二】 These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, including the ones we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. 这些特殊的种子库保护着各种各样的植物种子，包括我们的食物所需的种子，并且它们确保重要的植物不会从世界上永远消失。 【知识点拨1】including与include including 介词 包括；包含 后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式 include 及物动词 包括；把…...列为…的一部分 在句中作谓语，不用于进行时 include常以including（名词/代词前）或included（名词/代词后）的形式出现在短语中，用 来举例，解释或补充说明。 例句：There are ten of us here, including three girls.=There are ten of us here, three girls included.【知识点拨2】make sure 意思为“确保；查明；核实” 常用结构： 1. make sure + that 宾语从句（that可省略），从句常用一般现在时表将来，不用will 例句： Make sure (that) you lock the door. 务必锁好门。 2. make sure of + 名词/代词/动名词，后接名词短语，不接句子 例句： Make sure of your answers before handing in. 交卷前核对好答案。 3. make sure to do sth 务必做某事（祈使常用） 例句： Make sure to call me tonight. 今晚一定要给我打电话。 【知识点拨3】disappear 意思为 “消失；不见”，作不及物动词时，其后不能直接跟宾语，不能说disappear sth。其用法为：可以在后面加介词或副词，或单独使用。 例句：The sun disappeared behind the clouds. 太阳消失在云层后面。 The black cat disappeared in the forest. 那只黑猫消失在森林中了。 【构词】disappear由dis-(否定前缀)＋appear(出现)构成。 disappear v. 消失 appear v. 出现 disappearance n. 消失 appearance n. 出现 【即学即用】 一、单项选择 ( )1．They _________ us in their circle of friends. A．including B．included C．includes D．to include ( )2．Jimmy bought a lot of books yesterday, ________ an English novel. A．include B．including C．included D．to include ( )3．—Do your pets _________ the white cat, Carl? —Yes. I have three pet cats, _________ this one. A．include; include B．including; included C．including; include D．include; including ( )4．Make sure _________ late for the party tomorrow. A．not to be B．not being C．don’t be D．not be ( )5．Li Ming is so careful that he always looks over his exercises to________there are no mistakes. A．make sure B．find out C．think of D．work out 二、单词拼写 6．Many wild animals will __________ if we don’t protect them. (appear) 7．The ___________ (appear) of the new student attracted everyone’s attention. 【知识点三】 He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. 他学业优异，年仅15岁就考入大学。 【知识点拨】entering是现在分词（短语）作伴随状语，对He was an excellent student进行补充说明。 【拓展】伴随状语是当谓语的状态或动作发生时，分词的动作也同时伴随着发生，或是用来补充主语的特征细节。翻译常加“一边……一边、同时、着”。常用用法如下： 1. 现在分词 doing（主动伴随），逻辑主语=主句主语，主语主动发出这个伴随动作 例句：She sat there, reading a novel.她坐在那儿，读着小说。 He walked along, singing songs. 他边走边唱歌。 否定式：not doing 例句：He left the room, not saying goodbye. 他没道别就离开了房间。 2. 过去分词 done（被动伴随） ，逻辑主语=主句主语，主语被…… 例句：She stood silent, shocked by the news.她静静站着，被消息震惊了。 The boy lay on the ground, covered with mud. 男孩躺在地上，满身是泥。 【注意】分词伴随状语两大规则 ①. 两个动作同时进行才用伴随；有先后不能用doing ❌ He went out, locking the door.（先锁门再出门，是结果，不用伴随） ✅ He went out, carrying a bag.（出门同时拎包，伴随） ②. 逻辑主语必须和主句主语一致，不一致要用with复合结构/独立主格 3. with 复合结构（独立伴随，主语可不一样） 结构：with + 宾语 + 宾补（doing/done/adj/adv/介词短语/to do） ①. with + sb/sth + doing（主动） 例句：He slept with the window open.（adj表状态）他开着窗户睡觉。 The girl stared at me, with tears rolling down her face.女孩看着我，眼泪顺着脸颊滑落。 ②. with + sb/sth + done（被动） 例句：He stood there, with his hands tied behind his back.他站在那里，双手被绑在身后。 ③. with + 名词 + 形容词/介词短语（表伴随状态） 例句：She came in with a book in her hand. 她手里拿着一本书走进来。 4. 形容词、副词、介词短语作伴随状语 ①形容词 例句：He fell asleep, tired and hungry. 他又累又饿，睡着了。 ②介词短语 例句：The teacher entered the classroom, a ruler in hand. 老师拿着尺子走进教室。 【即学即用】 ( )1. The mother sat beside the bed, ______ her sick kid softly. A. touch B. touching C. touched D. to touch ( )2. ______ his homework finished, Jack went out to play football. A. With B. As C. For D. Since ( )3. He kept silent all the time, ______ his head down. A. hang B. hung C. hanging D. to hang ( )4. ______ deep in thought, my father didn’t hear my call. A. Lose B. Lost C. Losing D. To lose ( )5. The actor walked onto the stage, ______ warm cheers from the audience. A. receive B. receiving C. to receive D. received ( )6.  He left hurriedly, ______ any word to explain himself. A. not say B. not saying C. not said D. to not say 【知识点四】 Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China. 他们的辛勤工作为世界提供了大量关于中国植物的新信息。 【知识点拨】 provide侧重按需求、规定供给、配备，客观供给；不接双宾语 固定搭配: 1. provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 2. provide for sb 赡养、供养某人 【拓展】 offer侧重主动自愿拿出某物/主动提出帮忙，主观主动；可接双宾语 固定搭配： 1. offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物 2. offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 3. offer + 帮助/机会/价格/建议 【易错点对比】 1. ✅ offer me help ✅ provide me with help ❌ provide me help 2. ✅ offer to carry bags 主动帮忙拎包 ❌ provide to carry bags 3. offer 可表“出价”：offer 500 yuan for the bike provide 无此用法 【即学即用】 ( )1. The company ______ new workers training every month. A. offers B.gives C.provides ( )2. He ______ carry my heavy box when I was in trouble. A. provided to B. offered to C. offered me ( )3. Schools ______ students ______ safe studying places. A. provide; with B.offer; to C. provide; for 4. He offered me a chance. （同义句改写） He offered ________ ________ ________. 5. The factory provides workers with uniforms.（同义句改写） The factory provides ________ ________ ________. 【知识点五】 Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. 钟扬留下的远不止是庞大的种子收藏品。 【知识点拨1】leave behind的含义： 1、意思为“遗忘；落下（东西）”= forget to take sth，把某物忘在某地 搭配：leave sth behind (at/in + 地点) 例句：I left my keys behind at the café. 我把钥匙落在咖啡馆了。 2意思为“抛下；丢下；留下（人/事物、过往回忆、旧生活）” ①丢下人（不带走） 例句：Don’t leave your little sister behind.别把小妹妹丢下。 ②抛下过往、烦恼、过去 例句：Leave your worries behind.抛开烦恼。 ③离世后留下（遗产、子女、成就） 例句：He left a lot of works behind.他留下许多作品。 【短语拓展】 ①leave for + 地点：动身去某地 ②leave out 遗漏，省去 【即学即用】汉译英 1. 我把雨伞落在公交车上了。 ______________________________________________ 2. 旅行时抛下所有烦恼。 ______________________________________________ 3. 不要把任何人丢下。 ______________________________________________ 【知识点拨2】a collection of + 复数名词 意思为“一套/一批......收藏” 【词性变化】 1. collect v. 收集，搜集 2. collection n. 收藏品；收集 3. collector n. 收藏家；收集员 4. collective adj. 集体的，共同的 5. collectively adv. 共同地，集体地 【即学即用】 一、用collect 的适当形式填空 1. My father ________ old watches in his free time. 2. He has a wonderful ________ of old watches. 3. He is a famous watch ________. 4. We finished the task through ________ hard work. 二、句型转换 I collect beautiful postcards. I have a ________ of beautiful postcards. 【知识点六】 Marie Curie's elder daughter, Irene, was also very interested in science and won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 玛丽·居里的大女儿艾琳也对科学非常感兴趣，并获得了诺贝尔化学奖。 【知识点拨】辨析：win与beat win(won,won) 赢得；获胜 及物动词 其宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等 不及物动词 不跟宾语 beat(beat,beaten) 打败；战胜 及物动词 用于比赛时，其宾语为战胜的对手 【易错题对比】 ✅ We beat Class Two.（对手：二班） ✅ We won the game.（事物：比赛） ❌ We won Class Two. ❌ We beat the game. 【即学即用】 一、用 beat / win 适当形式填空 1. Our team ________ theirs last week. 2. She ________ the swimming competition yesterday. 3. I’m sure we will ________ the match. 4. Nobody can ________ him in running. 5. He ________ first prize in the English speech. 二、同义句转换 We beat them in the football match yesterday. We ________ the football match yesterday. 【知识点七】 Many people look up to Earhart and find her an inspiring person because of her efforts to work hard and her ability to make her dreams come true.许多人钦佩埃尔哈特，觉得她是一个鼓舞人心的人，因为她努力工作的付出和让梦想实现的能力。 【知识点拨】 because of 介词短语 其后一般跟名词、代词、动 词-ing形式，还可以跟what引导的宾语从句 because 连词 通常是说话人用来陈述理由或原因，后接原因状语从句 例句：He failed because he didn’t study.= He failed because of not studying. She cried because she was sad. = She cried because of sadness. 【即学即用】 He can’t run because his leg hurts. （同义句转换） He can’t run ________ ________ his hurt leg. 【知识点八】 He also believed states should avoid attacking one another. 他还主张各国应避免互相攻伐。 【知识点拨】avoid〔及物动词〕避免；回避其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，但不可接动词不定式。常用avoid doing sth 意思为“避免做某事” 【即学即用】 ( )We should avoid ________ when we go upstairs or downstairs. A．push B．pushing C．to push D．pushed 【知识点九】 Now,more than ever,people around the world need to hear the message of peace and love, and work together to build a community of a shared future for mankind. 现在，世界各地的人们比以往任何时候都更需要听到和平与爱的信息，携手合作，构建人类命运共同体。 【知识点拨】shared〔形容词〕共有的；共享的；共用的由“'share(分享；分担)+后缀-ed”构成。常作定语，修饰其后的名词。 例句: The app has a shared folder for all users. 这个应用有一个供所有用户使用的共享文件夹。 【拓展】  share〔动词〕表示“分享；共用”，常用搭配： share sth. (with sb.)  例句：She shared her toys with her friends. 她和朋友分享了她的玩具。 【即学即用】用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. My sister and I ______ (share) a bedroom when we were kids. 2. The company has a ______ (share) kitchen for all employees. 3. She enjoys ______ (share) her travel stories with others. 4. These resources are ______ (share) by all the students in the class. 5. My sister often ______ (share) pizza with me. 【Part Four 综合技能测练 】 一、单项选择 1．The old tree in our village is ________. Everyone feels sad about its ________. A．dead; die B．dying; death C．death; dead D．die; dying 2．—It is said there are still many people who are very poor in Africa. —Yes, many famous movie stars went to help them, ________ Jackie Chan. A．include B．including C．included D．includes 3．Make sure ______ you have posted the letter, will you? A．to B．that C．this D．it 4．—What will happen if the forests ______ forever ? —We can’t see any valuable animals or plants any longer. A．appear B．disappear C．wound D．plant 5．With the door ______, the room is very cold. A. lock B. locking C. locked D. to lock 6．We ______ the strongest team in the football match just now, so we ______ first prize this time. A．win; beat B．won; beat C．beat; won D．beat; win 7．—The boy didn’t come to school ________ the bad weather, right? —No, ________ he was ill. A．because, because of B．because of, because C．because, because D．because of, because of 8．In my opinion, we should avoid ________ with our family members. A．argue B．to argue C．arguing D．argued 9．My best friend often shares some interesting stories ________ me. A．for B．with C．to D．at 10．He ______ in this school for five years before he moved to Beijing. A．has taught B．taught C．had taught D．teaches 二、单词拼写 11．The _________ (science) method helps us understand how plants grow in different environments. 12．I’m interested in the book’s ________ (explore) of the human mind. 13．The teacher praised the students for their ________ (kind) to the new classmate. 14．The girl enjoys ________ (her) playing games with friends. 15．As one of the greatest ________ (invent), he has changed our lives with his creations. 16．Tom will go to another country. We wish him happiness and health ________ (永远). 17．We’re learning about the ________ (宇宙) in science class. 18．Children’s confidence should be developed in the path, theory(理论), system and culture of __________(社会主义) with Chinese Characteristics. 19．She asked me ________ (是否) I had finished the task or not. 20．Her uncle is a successful ____ (银行家). 三、完成句子 21．Jane工作努力，性格开朗，最重要的是，她为人诚实。 Jane is hard-working, cheerful, and ________ ________ honest. 22．这使两个姓氏都可以继续存在。 This allows both family names to ________ ________. 23．1954年她在巴黎去世，留下了丰富的文化遗产。 She ________ ________ a rich legacy in literature when she passed away in Paris in 1954. 24．AI可以给我们提供情感帮助。 AI can ________ us ________ emotional support. 25．科学家们在这个领域做了大量研究。 Scientists ________ ________ ________ in this field. 四、完形填空 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Everyone admires heroes. When we are asked who are our 26 , someone well-known like Yang Liwei or Zhong Nanshan may 27 mind. They make a big difference to the world. However, there are “everyday” heroes in our daily life. They may not be so 28 to the public, but these common people are also working hard to build a better world. 29 them is Sun Jun. Sun Jun comes from a poor village. The villagers used to have no enough food. He knew much about the hunger. He learned to 30 food at his early age. When he was a college student, he found that the problem of food waste was more and more 31 . He started to 32 unsold food from restaurants and stores for homeless people. After graduating, Sun Jun joined a volunteer group called Green Food Bank, which was set up in Shanghai in 2014. The purpose of the organization is to build a 33 between people who are ready to help others and those who are in need. It works by collecting and providing free food for the poor, the disabled and so on. Why does Sun do all these things? He says, “Thanks to Grandpa Yuan Longping, we are almost no longer short of food. We need to think about how to stop wasting. There’s a long way to go, but I won’ t 34 halfway. It’s just the beginning. We still have 35 to do. 26．A．movies B．heroes C．workers D．chairs 27．A．look for B．go on C．come into D．move away 28．A．famous B．polite C．friendly D．smart 29．A．Among B．Between C．For D．Without 30．A．waste B．make C．use D．save 31．A．different B．popular C．serious D．difficult 32．A．sell B．collect C．cook D．taste 33．A．bridge B．house C．ship D．window 34．A．set up B．give up C．put up D．make up 35．A．everything B．noting C．much D．little 五、阅读理解 A In China, there is a great teacher called Zhang Guimei. She is my role model and I really admire her. Ms. Zhang works in a poor mountain area in Yunnan. She saw that many girls there could not go to school. Their families wanted them to stay home or work. This made Ms. Zhang very sad. She believed every girl should have the chance to study. So she decided to do something. She worked hard to raise money and in 2008, she started the first free high school for girls in China. Because of her, thousands of girls from poor families can study now. Many of them have gone to college and changed their lives. Ms. Zhang works very long hours every day. She gets up at 5 a.m. and goes to bed very late. She also has health problems but she never stops working for her students. She once said, “I want to change the future of these girls through education.” From Ms. Zhang, I learned the meaning of love and dedication. She gives everything to help others. She shows us that one person can make a big difference. I want to be someone like her when I grow up—kind, strong, and always ready to help others. 36．Why did Zhang Guimei decide to start a free high school for girls? A．Because she had a lot of money. B．Because she wanted to become a teacher. C．Because the girls asked her for help. D．Because she saw many girls couldn’t go to school. 37．What does the underlined word “dedication” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A．奉献 B．梦想 C．坚持 D．教育 38．What can we learn about Zhang Guimei from the text? A．She works hard and never rests. B．She only teaches students in cities. C．She believes education can change the girls’ future. D．She started the school in 2008 with her own money. 39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．She goes to sleep very early every day. B．Zhang Guimei has no health problems. C．Many of her students have gone to college. D．The school she started is for boys and girls. 40．What is the main idea of the text? A．How to start a free school. B．Life in poor areas in China. C．The importance of going to college. D．A great teacher helping girls in the mountains. B Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population. Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery(肝胆外科)”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He performed more than 16,000 operations during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers. Wu once said, “It would my greatest happiness if I could work at the operating table until my dying day.” In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria(疟疾), Tu Youyou, pharmacologist (药学家) took on the job as head of a research team. She and her teammates performed different kinds of experiments. However, the results were disappointing. Instead of giving up, they kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it! In 2015, at the age of 85, she received Nobel Prize. Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb believed that every failure was a step towards success. He once said, “If I find 10,000 ways something won’t work, I haven’t failed. I am not discouraged, because every wrong try is another step forward.” Sometimes, their success was a surprise, even to themselves. The famous scientist Alexander Fleming said, “When I woke up just after daybreak on 28th September, 1928, I certainly didn’t plan to revolutionize(变革) all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic(抗生素). But I guess that was exactly what I did.” Some people only became successful after their deaths. Not like Pablo Picasso who became famous and very rich during his lifetime, the artist Vincent Van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life and that was to a friend. But he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 artworks in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds. One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what. 41．What do Yuan Longping and Wu Mengchao have in common? A．They succeeded in solving world problems. B．They spent all their lives serving people. C．They achieved a lot in the medical field. D．They are remembered for their happiness. 42．The underlined phrase deformed his fingers could be replaced by ________. A．changed the shape of his fingers B．made him feel down C．gave him too much pressure D．got his fingers cut off 43．It is clear that ________. A．Pablo Picasso became famous after his death B．Vincent Van Gogh painted 2,001 artworks in his life C．it took Tu Youyou’s team about 3 years to reach their goal D．Thomas Edison tried 10,000 ways before he invented the light bulb 44．When Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, he ________. A．felt too tired to stay awake B．didn’t plan to study all medicine C．knew exactly what his success meant D．didn’t fully realize its importance 45．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Not everyone can be successful. B．The more difficulties, the better. C．Great achievements aren’t made naturally. D．Great hopes make great men. C 左栏是五位同学想了解的英雄事迹，右栏是七位英雄的简介（其中两项为多余项）。请为左栏的每位同学选择最合适的英雄。 46. Zhang Lei wants to learn about a hero who was known for his excellent shooting skills and caused great harm to the enemy from a distance. 47. Li Wen is looking for a story about a young hero who served as a messenger and used his wisdom to complete tasks during the war. 48. Zhao Min is interested in women heroes who showed great bravery and never gave in to the enemy under terrible treatment. 49. Chen Gang admires an army leader who helped a lot and died bravely on the battlefield. 50. Liu Wei is moved by stories of collective bravery, where a group of soldiers chose to die rather than give up to the enemy. A．Zhao Yiman: A woman hero who was caught and treated very badly by the enemy but never gave up any information. B. “Silly Child”: A young boy who worked as a messenger for the army. He was clever and always found ways to get through enemy lines. C. Yang Jingyu: A general who kept fighting under very difficult conditions. He once lived in the forest for days without food. D．Zuo Quan: A high-ranking army leader who died in battle. He is remembered for his leadership. E. Ma Baishan: A skilled shooter who took down many enemy soldiers from a long distance and was famous for his shooting skills. F. “The Five Heroes of Langya Mountain”: They fought until the last minute, then jumped off a mountain instead of being caught by the enemy. G. Hu Zi: A brave soldier who was strong and good at using a big sword (剑) to beat enemies face-to-face. 六、选词填空 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。 heavy     discussions     lucky     across reply     natural     what     example     become     poem In ancient China, women didn’t get much education. Xie Daoyun, however, was 51 to be different. She was born into a large family, in which many members were officials. Her uncle Xie An (320-385) even rose to 52 the prime minister (宰相). Officials often got together at Xie An’s home. The young Xie Daoyun learned a lot from their 53 . By the time she was in her teens, she had already been skilled at writing 54 . Once, on a cold day, Xie An gathered his nephews and nieces (侄子侄女) to discuss poetry and literature. Shortly after, it began to snow 55 . Xie An thought it was a chance to inspire the young minds, so he asked them 56 the snow looked like. Xie Lang, Xie Daoyun’s brother, quickly 57 , “Like salt poured from the sky.” But Xie Daoyun gave a different answer: “Isn’t it like a sky full of willow catkins (柳絮) dancing in the wind?” Xie An laughed joyfully and nodded to accept Xie Lang’s answer, but Xie Daoyun’s was far more 58 . She stood out among the young people and won her uncle’s admiration (赞赏). After that, the story of Xie Daoyun started to spread 59 the country. Soon, her story was taken as a(n) 60 . When people wanted to praise a talented woman, they would say she had “the wit of the willow catkin poet” (咏絮之才). 第 22 页 共 23 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八升九英语暑假衔接预习课（新教材人教版） 第三讲 Unit 2 Inspiring People Section B What makes people admirable? （词汇预习+课本预习+知识点详解+综合测练） 【Part One 词汇预习】 知识点一 Section B重点单词 1.scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ adj. 科学（上）的 2.whole /həʊl/ adj. 所有的；完全的 3.bank /bæŋk/ n. 银行 4.forever /fəˈrevə(r)/ adv. 永远 5.radio /ˈreɪdiəʊ/ n. 无线电；收音机 6.collection /kəˈlekʃn/ n. 收集物；收藏品 7.exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/ n. 探索 8.universe /ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/ n. 宇宙 9.socialism /ˈsəʊʃəlɪzəm/ n. 社会主义 10.hole /həʊl/ n. 洞；孔 11.daughter /ˈdɔːtə(r)/ n. 女儿 12.herself /hɜːˈself; həˈself/ pron. 她自己；她本人 13.flight /flaɪt/ n. 飞行；航班 14.inventor /ɪnˈventə(r)/ n. 发明家 15.thinker /ˈθɪŋkə(r)/ n. 思想家 16.period /ˈpɪəriəd/ n. 时期；一段时间 17.kindness /ˈkaɪndnəs/ n. 善良 18.whether /ˈweðə(r)/ conj. 是否 知识点二 Section B 重点短语 1.seed bank n. 种子库 2.spend one's life doing sth. 毕生致力于做某事 3.live on 继续存在；流传下去 4.leave behind 留下；遗留 5.build a community of a shared future 构建人类命运共同体 6.scientific exploration 科学探索 7.show deep love and curiosity for 对……满怀热爱与好奇 8.provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 9.show kindness and care to 对……展现善意与关怀 10.avoid attacking one another 避免互相攻击 11.a community of a shared future for mankind.人类命运共同体 12.became the focus of his life成为他毕生追求 13.get a chance to do sth得到机会做某事 14.be known for 因……而闻名 15.die in... 死于...... 16.A huge collection of seeds 大批种子藏品 17.above all 最重要的是；尤其是 18.live on his students 在学生上延续 19.do some research on... 对......做研究 20.dedicate her life to... 毕生致力于....... 21. brave the cold weather and great heights顶着严寒身处高地 【Part Two 课本预习 】 【预习内容】P16 1b The Inspiring Seed Scientist On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. The well‑respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds. Over the years, he collected many important seeds for China’s seed banks. These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, including the ones we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. 2017年9月25日，一则噩耗震动了科学界：中国教授钟扬因车祸不幸离世。这位备受尊敬的生物学家毕生致力于植物与种子研究。多年来，他为国家种子资源库搜集了大量珍稀种子。这类特殊资源库妥善保存各类植物种子，其中包含人类赖以生存的粮食作物种子，守护珍贵物种，避免它们永久从地球上消失。 Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a deep love and curiosity for the things he studied. He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants. The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus of his life after he became a professor at Fudan University. 钟扬生于1964年。年少时，他便对所学事物满怀热爱与求知欲。他学业优异，年仅15岁就考入大学，主修无线电工程，后来逐渐对植物产生浓厚兴趣。入职复旦大学成为教授后，植物研究，尤其是种子研究，成了他一生的事业重心。 It is important for seed banks to include many different kinds of seeds. When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research of the seeds from Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work. 种子资源库需要储备丰富多样的种子物种，意义重大。钟扬发现西藏地区的植物种子研究存在大量空白后，毅然亲自奔赴当地采集种子。2001年起，他常年往返西藏各地。高寒、高海拔的环境带来重重考验，他数次病倒，却从未停下科研的脚步。 Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work. He began a programme to find and train local students in field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from around 1,000 plants. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China. 钟扬深知重大科研事业需要薪火相传。他专门开设培养项目，发掘并指导当地学子开展野外科研，培育新一代科研工作者。他带领团队累计采集超4000万颗种子，涵盖近千种植物。他们的辛劳成果，为全球提供了大量关于中国本土植物的全新研究资料。 Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. His love for his job and research lives on in his students. He once said, “My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now.” 钟扬留下的不只是数量庞大的种子标本，他深耕科研、赤诚奉献的精神，也在学生身上延续传承。他曾说：“我的学生会继续走科学探索的道路，我们采集下的种子，或许在数百年后生根发芽。 【Task One】Read the text, and match each paragraph with its topic. Paragragh 1 A.Training local students to do important work Paragragh 2 B. Introduction to Zhong Yang and seed banks Paragragh 3 C. What he left behind Paragragh 4 D. Becoming interested in seeds Paragragh 5 E. Starting to work and collect seed in Xizang 【Task Two】Fill in the blanks with the information from the text. In 1964 Zhong Yang was ________. In 1979 He entered university at the age of ________. He studied ________ engineering. Later, he became interested in ________. Later He became a ________ at Fudan University. His research focused on plants and ________. In 2001 He began his ________ across Xizang to collect ________. He braved cold weather and great ________. He started a programme to train local ________ in field research. During his work in Xizang With his team, he collected over ________ million seeds from about ________ plants. Their work gave the world new information about China’s plants. On 25 September 2017 Zhong Yang ________ in a car accident. His legacy He left behind a huge collection of ________. His love for his job and research lives on in his ________. He said: “My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow ________ years from now.” 【答案】 born; 15 / radio / plants; professor / seeds; travels / seeds / heights / students; 40 / 1,000; died; seeds / students / hundreds 【Task Three】 Translate the following sentences into English. 1.年少时，他便对所学事物满怀热爱与求知欲。 ___________________________________________________________________ 2. 对他来说，抵御严寒，克服高原反应是十分困难的。 ___________________________________________________________________ 3. 他们的辛劳成果，为全球提供了大量关于中国本土植物的全新研究资料。 ___________________________________________________________________ 4. 他对工作和研究的热爱，在学生们身上延续。 ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1.When he was young, he showed a deep love and curiosity for the things he studied. 2. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. 3.Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China. 4. His love for his job and research lives on in his students. collect, devote, love, high, local, million, professor, science, car, birth 【Task Four】Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. collect, devote, love, high, local, million, sad, science, on, birth Zhong Yang, a respected biologist and professor at Fudan University, spent all his life 1 to plant and seed research. His date of 2 was 1964. As a teenager, he had deep 3 and curiosity for study and entered university at 15, majoring in radio engineering before turning to plants. Later, he found the seeds from Xizang lacked enough research. Starting in 2001, he travelled across highlands. The freezing weather and great 4 brought him much trouble. He often fell ill but never stopped 5 seeds. He also set up a programme to train 6 students into field researchers. Up to now, his team has gathered over 40 7 seeds from nearly 1,000 plant kinds, offering valuable data for global 8 study. 9 on 25 September 2017, Zhong Yang passed away in a car accident. He left countless seeds and a lasting spirit. He believed his students would carry 10 scientific exploration, and the seeds they collected would take root centuries later. 【答案】 1. devoting 2. birth 3. love 4. heights 5. collecting 6. local 7. million 8. scientific 9. Sadly 10. on 【Part Three 知识点详解】 【知识点一】 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. 2017年9月25日，中国教授钟扬在车祸中离世的消息震惊了科学界。 【知识点拨1】be shaken by，意为“被某事所震撼”，是被动语态短语，be动词随人称和时态的变化而变化。 【知识点拨2】that 引导的同位语从句，用于解释news的具体内容。 【含义】在主从复合句中，充当同位语的从句被称为同位语从句。同位语从句用于对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语从句在逻辑上是等同关系。 例句：The fact that he is a good student is known to us all. （“that he is a good student” 就是对 “fact”的具体说明，此即为同位语从句 ） 【知识点拨3】had died是过去完成时的用法，结构是“had+过去分词”，表示在一个过去时间点之前已经完成的动作(即过去的过去)。 【拓展】 辨析die、death、dying与dead 单词 含义及用法 die 终止性动词，无被动语态，不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，意为“死;死亡”。 death die的名词形式，意为“死;死亡”，在句子中作主语或宾语。 dead 为名词，指“死，死亡”，在句中作主语或宾语。 dying die的动词-ing形式，常作形容词，意为“快要死亡的;垂死的”，在句子中常用作定语或表语。 常用短语 ①die from 意为“由于……而死”,但一般常用于由外伤、衰老引起的死亡。 例句：The old man died from a car accident last year.这个老人去年死于一场车祸。 ②die of意思同die from,但它一般指由于疾病、情感等原因引起的死亡。 例句：His grandfather died of liver cancer in 1992.他的祖父1992年死于肝癌。 ③die out 意为“（家族、物种等）灭绝；绝迹”。 例句：Dinosaurs died out 65 million years ago.恐龙在六千五百万年前灭绝了。 【即学即用】从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空。 die     dead     dying     death 1. The people built that tower to honour the           soldiers. 2. The sudden           of the pet dog made the little boy very sad. 3. His pet bird           and he was sad for a long time. 4. The doctor tried to save the           man. 5. The cat has been           for a week. 【答案】1. dead 2.death 3.died 4. dying 5. dead 【知识点二】 These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, including the ones we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. 这些特殊的种子库保护着各种各样的植物种子，包括我们的食物所需的种子，并且它们确保重要的植物不会从世界上永远消失。 【知识点拨1】including与include including 介词 包括；包含 后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式 include 及物动词 包括；把…...列为…的一部分 在句中作谓语，不用于进行时 include常以including（名词/代词前）或included（名词/代词后）的形式出现在短语中，用 来举例，解释或补充说明。 例句：There are ten of us here, including three girls.=There are ten of us here, three girls included.【知识点拨2】make sure 意思为“确保；查明；核实” 常用结构： 1. make sure + that 宾语从句（that可省略），从句常用一般现在时表将来，不用will 例句： Make sure (that) you lock the door. 务必锁好门。 2. make sure of + 名词/代词/动名词，后接名词短语，不接句子 例句： Make sure of your answers before handing in. 交卷前核对好答案。 3. make sure to do sth 务必做某事（祈使常用） 例句： Make sure to call me tonight. 今晚一定要给我打电话。 【知识点拨3】disappear 意思为 “消失；不见”，作不及物动词时，其后不能直接跟宾语，不能说disappear sth。其用法为：可以在后面加介词或副词，或单独使用。 例句：The sun disappeared behind the clouds. 太阳消失在云层后面。 The black cat disappeared in the forest. 那只黑猫消失在森林中了。 【构词】disappear由dis-(否定前缀)＋appear(出现)构成。disappear v. 消失 appear v. 出现 disappearance n. 消失 appearance n. 出现 disappear v. 消失 appear v. 出现 disappearance n. 消失 appearance n. 出现 【即学即用】 一、单项选择 ( )1．They _________ us in their circle of friends. A．including B．included C．includes D．to include ( )2．Jimmy bought a lot of books yesterday, ________ an English novel. A．include B．including C．included D．to include ( )3．—Do your pets _________ the white cat, Carl? —Yes. I have three pet cats, _________ this one. A．include; include B．including; included C．including; include D．include; including ( )4．Make sure _________ late for the party tomorrow. A．not to be B．not being C．don’t be D．not be ( )5．Li Ming is so careful that he always looks over his exercises to________there are no mistakes. A．make sure B．find out C．think of D．work out 二、单词拼写 6．Many wild animals will __________ if we don’t protect them. (appear) 7．The ___________ (appear) of the new student attracted everyone’s attention. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．disappear 7．appearance 【知识点三】 He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. 他学业优异，年仅15岁就考入大学。 【知识点拨】entering是现在分词（短语）作伴随状语，对He was an excellent student进行补充说明。 【拓展】伴随状语是当谓语的状态或动作发生时，分词的动作也同时伴随着发生，或是用来补充主语的特征细节。翻译常加“一边……一边、同时、着”。常用用法如下： 1. 现在分词 doing（主动伴随），逻辑主语=主句主语，主语主动发出这个伴随动作 例句：She sat there, reading a novel.她坐在那儿，读着小说。 He walked along, singing songs. 他边走边唱歌。 否定式：not doing 例句：He left the room, not saying goodbye. 他没道别就离开了房间。 2. 过去分词 done（被动伴随） ，逻辑主语=主句主语，主语被…… 例句：She stood silent, shocked by the news.她静静站着，被消息震惊了。 The boy lay on the ground, covered with mud. 男孩躺在地上，满身是泥。 【注意】分词伴随状语两大规则 ①. 两个动作同时进行才用伴随；有先后不能用doing ❌ He went out, locking the door.（先锁门再出门，是结果，不用伴随） ✅ He went out, carrying a bag.（出门同时拎包，伴随） ②. 逻辑主语必须和主句主语一致，不一致要用with复合结构/独立主格 3. with 复合结构（独立伴随，主语可不一样） 结构：with + 宾语 + 宾补（doing/done/adj/adv/介词短语/to do） ①. with + sb/sth + doing（主动） 例句：He slept with the window open.（adj表状态）他开着窗户睡觉。 The girl stared at me, with tears rolling down her face.女孩看着我，眼泪顺着脸颊滑落。 ②. with + sb/sth + done（被动） 例句：He stood there, with his hands tied behind his back.他站在那里，双手被绑在身后。 ③. with + 名词 + 形容词/介词短语（表伴随状态） 例句：She came in with a book in her hand. 她手里拿着一本书走进来。 4. 形容词、副词、介词短语作伴随状语 ①形容词 例句：He fell asleep, tired and hungry. 他又累又饿，睡着了。 ②介词短语 例句：The teacher entered the classroom, a ruler in hand. 老师拿着尺子走进教室。 【即学即用】 ( )1. The mother sat beside the bed, ______ her sick kid softly. A. touch B. touching C. touched D. to touch ( )2. ______ his homework finished, Jack went out to play football. A. With B. As C. For D. Since ( )3. He kept silent all the time, ______ his head down. A. hang B. hung C. hanging D. to hang ( )4. ______ deep in thought, my father didn’t hear my call. A. Lose B. Lost C. Losing D. To lose ( )5. The actor walked onto the stage, ______ warm cheers from the audience. A. receive B. receiving C. to receive D. received ( )6.  He left hurriedly, ______ any word to explain himself. A. not say B. not saying C. not said D. to not say 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6.  B 【知识点四】 Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China. 他们的辛勤工作为世界提供了大量关于中国植物的新信息。 【知识点拨】 provide侧重按需求、规定供给、配备，客观供给；不接双宾语 固定搭配: 1. provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 2. provide for sb 赡养、供养某人 【拓展】 offer侧重主动自愿拿出某物/主动提出帮忙，主观主动；可接双宾语 固定搭配： 1. offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物 2. offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 3. offer + 帮助/机会/价格/建议 【易错点对比】 1. ✅ offer me help ✅ provide me with help ❌ provide me help 2. ✅ offer to carry bags 主动帮忙拎包 ❌ provide to carry bags 3. offer 可表“出价”：offer 500 yuan for the bike provide 无此用法 【即学即用】 ( )1. The company ______ new workers training every month. A. offers B.gives C.provides ( )2. He ______ carry my heavy box when I was in trouble. A. provided to B. offered to C. offered me ( )3. Schools ______ students ______ safe studying places. A. provide; with B.offer; to C. provide; for 4. He offered me a chance. （同义句改写） He offered ________ ________ ________. 5. The factory provides workers with uniforms.（同义句改写） The factory provides ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. A 4.  a chance to me 5. uniforms for workers 【知识点五】 Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. 钟扬留下的远不止是庞大的种子收藏品。 【知识点拨1】leave behind的含义： 1、意思为“遗忘；落下（东西）”= forget to take sth，把某物忘在某地 搭配：leave sth behind (at/in + 地点) 例句：I left my keys behind at the café. 我把钥匙落在咖啡馆了。 2意思为“抛下；丢下；留下（人/事物、过往回忆、旧生活）” ①丢下人（不带走） 例句：Don’t leave your little sister behind.别把小妹妹丢下。 ②抛下过往、烦恼、过去 例句：Leave your worries behind.抛开烦恼。 ③离世后留下（遗产、子女、成就） 例句：He left a lot of works behind.他留下许多作品。 【短语拓展】 ①leave for + 地点：动身去某地 ②leave out 遗漏，省去 【即学即用】汉译英 1. 我把雨伞落在公交车上了。 ______________________________________________ 2. 旅行时抛下所有烦恼。 ______________________________________________ 3. 不要把任何人丢下。 ______________________________________________ 【答案】1. I left my umbrella behind on the bus. 2. Leave all your worries behind when travelling. 3. Don’t leave anyone behind. 【知识点拨2】a collection of + 复数名词 意思为“一套/一批......收藏” 【词性变化】 1. collect v. 收集，搜集 2. collection n. 收藏品；收集 3. collector n. 收藏家；收集员 4. collective adj. 集体的，共同的 5. collectively adv. 共同地，集体地 【即学即用】 一、用collect 的适当形式填空 1. My father ________ old watches in his free time. 2. He has a wonderful ________ of old watches. 3. He is a famous watch ________. 4. We finished the task through ________ hard work. 二、句型转换 I collect beautiful postcards. I have a ________ of beautiful postcards. 【答案】一、1. collects 2. collection 3. collector 4. collective 二、collection 【知识点六】 Marie Curie's elder daughter, Irene, was also very interested in science and won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 玛丽·居里的大女儿艾琳也对科学非常感兴趣，并获得了诺贝尔化学奖。 【知识点拨】辨析：win与beat win(won,won) 赢得；获胜 及物动词 其宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等 不及物动词 不跟宾语 beat(beat,beaten) 打败；战胜 及物动词 用于比赛时，其宾语为战胜的对手 【易错题对比】 ✅ We beat Class Two.（对手：二班） ✅ We won the game.（事物：比赛） ❌ We won Class Two. ❌ We beat the game. 【即学即用】 一、用 beat / win 适当形式填空 1. Our team ________ theirs last week. 2. She ________ the swimming competition yesterday. 3. I’m sure we will ________ the match. 4. Nobody can ________ him in running. 5. He ________ first prize in the English speech. 二、同义句转换 We beat them in the football match yesterday. We ________ the football match yesterday. 【答案】一、1. beat 2. won 3. win 4. beat 5. won 二、 won 【知识点七】 Many people look up to Earhart and find her an inspiring person because of her efforts to work hard and her ability to make her dreams come true.许多人钦佩埃尔哈特，觉得她是一个鼓舞人心的人，因为她努力工作的付出和让梦想实现的能力。 【知识点拨】 because of 介词短语 其后一般跟名词、代词、动 词-ing形式，还可以跟what引导的宾语从句 because 连词 通常是说话人用来陈述理由或原因，后接原因状语从句 例句：He failed because he didn’t study.= He failed because of not studying. She cried because she was sad. = She cried because of sadness. 【即学即用】 He can’t run because his leg hurts. （同义句转换） He can’t run ________ ________ his hurt leg. 【答案】because of 【知识点八】 He also believed states should avoid attacking one another. 他还主张各国应避免互相攻伐。 【知识点拨】avoid〔及物动词〕避免；回避其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，但不可接动词不定式。常用avoid doing sth 意思为“避免做某事” 【即学即用】 ( )We should avoid ________ when we go upstairs or downstairs. A．push B．pushing C．to push D．pushed 【答案】B 【知识点九】 Now,more than ever,people around the world need to hear the message of peace and love, and work together to build a community of a shared future for mankind. 现在，世界各地的人们比以往任何时候都更需要听到和平与爱的信息，携手合作，构建人类命运共同体。 【知识点拨】shared〔形容词〕共有的；共享的；共用的由“'share(分享；分担)+后缀-ed”构成。常作定语，修饰其后的名词。 例句: The app has a shared folder for all users. 这个应用有一个供所有用户使用的共享文件夹。 【拓展】  share〔动词〕表示“分享；共用”，常用搭配： share sth. (with sb.)  例句：She shared her toys with her friends. 她和朋友分享了她的玩具。 【即学即用】用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. My sister and I ______ (share) a bedroom when we were kids. 2. The company has a ______ (share) kitchen for all employees. 3. She enjoys ______ (share) her travel stories with others. 4. These resources are ______ (share) by all the students in the class. 5. My sister often ______ (share) pizza with me. 【答案】 1. shared 2. shared 3. sharing 4. shared 5. shares 【Part Four 综合技能测练 】 一、单项选择 1．The old tree in our village is ________. Everyone feels sad about its ________. A．dead; die B．dying; death C．death; dead D．die; dying 2．—It is said there are still many people who are very poor in Africa. —Yes, many famous movie stars went to help them, ________ Jackie Chan. A．include B．including C．included D．includes 3．Make sure ______ you have posted the letter, will you? A．to B．that C．this D．it 4．—What will happen if the forests ______ forever ? —We can’t see any valuable animals or plants any longer. A．appear B．disappear C．wound D．plant 5．With the door ______, the room is very cold. A. lock B. locking C. locked D. to lock 6．We ______ the strongest team in the football match just now, so we ______ first prize this time. A．win; beat B．won; beat C．beat; won D．beat; win 7．—The boy didn’t come to school ________ the bad weather, right? —No, ________ he was ill. A．because, because of B．because of, because C．because, because D．because of, because of 8．In my opinion, we should avoid ________ with our family members. A．argue B．to argue C．arguing D．argued 9．My best friend often shares some interesting stories ________ me. A．for B．with C．to D．at 10．He ______ in this school for five years before he moved to Beijing. A．has taught B．taught C．had taught D．teaches 二、单词拼写 11．The _________ (science) method helps us understand how plants grow in different environments. 12．I’m interested in the book’s ________ (explore) of the human mind. 13．The teacher praised the students for their ________ (kind) to the new classmate. 14．The girl enjoys ________ (her) playing games with friends. 15．As one of the greatest ________ (invent), he has changed our lives with his creations. 16．Tom will go to another country. We wish him happiness and health ________ (永远). 17．We’re learning about the ________ (宇宙) in science class. 18．Children’s confidence should be developed in the path, theory(理论), system and culture of __________(社会主义) with Chinese Characteristics. 19．She asked me ________ (是否) I had finished the task or not. 20．Her uncle is a successful ____ (银行家). 三、完成句子 21．Jane工作努力，性格开朗，最重要的是，她为人诚实。 Jane is hard-working, cheerful, and ________ ________ honest. 22．这使两个姓氏都可以继续存在。 This allows both family names to ________ ________. 23．1954年她在巴黎去世，留下了丰富的文化遗产。 She ________ ________ a rich legacy in literature when she passed away in Paris in 1954. 24．AI可以给我们提供情感帮助。 AI can ________ us ________ emotional support. 25．科学家们在这个领域做了大量研究。 Scientists ________ ________ ________ in this field. 四、完形填空 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Everyone admires heroes. When we are asked who are our 26 , someone well-known like Yang Liwei or Zhong Nanshan may 27 mind. They make a big difference to the world. However, there are “everyday” heroes in our daily life. They may not be so 28 to the public, but these common people are also working hard to build a better world. 29 them is Sun Jun. Sun Jun comes from a poor village. The villagers used to have no enough food. He knew much about the hunger. He learned to 30 food at his early age. When he was a college student, he found that the problem of food waste was more and more 31 . He started to 32 unsold food from restaurants and stores for homeless people. After graduating, Sun Jun joined a volunteer group called Green Food Bank, which was set up in Shanghai in 2014. The purpose of the organization is to build a 33 between people who are ready to help others and those who are in need. It works by collecting and providing free food for the poor, the disabled and so on. Why does Sun do all these things? He says, “Thanks to Grandpa Yuan Longping, we are almost no longer short of food. We need to think about how to stop wasting. There’s a long way to go, but I won’ t 34 halfway. It’s just the beginning. We still have 35 to do. 26．A．movies B．heroes C．workers D．chairs 27．A．look for B．go on C．come into D．move away 28．A．famous B．polite C．friendly D．smart 29．A．Among B．Between C．For D．Without 30．A．waste B．make C．use D．save 31．A．different B．popular C．serious D．difficult 32．A．sell B．collect C．cook D．taste 33．A．bridge B．house C．ship D．window 34．A．set up B．give up C．put up D．make up 35．A．everything B．noting C．much D．little 五、阅读理解 A In China, there is a great teacher called Zhang Guimei. She is my role model and I really admire her. Ms. Zhang works in a poor mountain area in Yunnan. She saw that many girls there could not go to school. Their families wanted them to stay home or work. This made Ms. Zhang very sad. She believed every girl should have the chance to study. So she decided to do something. She worked hard to raise money and in 2008, she started the first free high school for girls in China. Because of her, thousands of girls from poor families can study now. Many of them have gone to college and changed their lives. Ms. Zhang works very long hours every day. She gets up at 5 a.m. and goes to bed very late. She also has health problems but she never stops working for her students. She once said, “I want to change the future of these girls through education.” From Ms. Zhang, I learned the meaning of love and dedication. She gives everything to help others. She shows us that one person can make a big difference. I want to be someone like her when I grow up—kind, strong, and always ready to help others. 36．Why did Zhang Guimei decide to start a free high school for girls? A．Because she had a lot of money. B．Because she wanted to become a teacher. C．Because the girls asked her for help. D．Because she saw many girls couldn’t go to school. 37．What does the underlined word “dedication” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A．奉献 B．梦想 C．坚持 D．教育 38．What can we learn about Zhang Guimei from the text? A．She works hard and never rests. B．She only teaches students in cities. C．She believes education can change the girls’ future. D．She started the school in 2008 with her own money. 39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．She goes to sleep very early every day. B．Zhang Guimei has no health problems. C．Many of her students have gone to college. D．The school she started is for boys and girls. 40．What is the main idea of the text? A．How to start a free school. B．Life in poor areas in China. C．The importance of going to college. D．A great teacher helping girls in the mountains. B Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population. Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery(肝胆外科)”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He performed more than 16,000 operations during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers. Wu once said, “It would my greatest happiness if I could work at the operating table until my dying day.” In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria(疟疾), Tu Youyou, pharmacologist (药学家) took on the job as head of a research team. She and her teammates performed different kinds of experiments. However, the results were disappointing. Instead of giving up, they kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it! In 2015, at the age of 85, she received Nobel Prize. Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb believed that every failure was a step towards success. He once said, “If I find 10,000 ways something won’t work, I haven’t failed. I am not discouraged, because every wrong try is another step forward.” Sometimes, their success was a surprise, even to themselves. The famous scientist Alexander Fleming said, “When I woke up just after daybreak on 28th September, 1928, I certainly didn’t plan to revolutionize(变革) all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic(抗生素). But I guess that was exactly what I did.” Some people only became successful after their deaths. Not like Pablo Picasso who became famous and very rich during his lifetime, the artist Vincent Van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life and that was to a friend. But he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 artworks in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds. One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what. 41．What do Yuan Longping and Wu Mengchao have in common? A．They succeeded in solving world problems. B．They spent all their lives serving people. C．They achieved a lot in the medical field. D．They are remembered for their happiness. 42．The underlined phrase deformed his fingers could be replaced by ________. A．changed the shape of his fingers B．made him feel down C．gave him too much pressure D．got his fingers cut off 43．It is clear that ________. A．Pablo Picasso became famous after his death B．Vincent Van Gogh painted 2,001 artworks in his life C．it took Tu Youyou’s team about 3 years to reach their goal D．Thomas Edison tried 10,000 ways before he invented the light bulb 44．When Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, he ________. A．felt too tired to stay awake B．didn’t plan to study all medicine C．knew exactly what his success meant D．didn’t fully realize its importance 45．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Not everyone can be successful. B．The more difficulties, the better. C．Great achievements aren’t made naturally. D．Great hopes make great men. C 左栏是五位同学想了解的英雄事迹，右栏是七位英雄的简介（其中两项为多余项）。请为左栏的每位同学选择最合适的英雄。 46. Zhang Lei wants to learn about a hero who was known for his excellent shooting skills and caused great harm to the enemy from a distance. 47. Li Wen is looking for a story about a young hero who served as a messenger and used his wisdom to complete tasks during the war. 48. Zhao Min is interested in women heroes who showed great bravery and never gave in to the enemy under terrible treatment. 49. Chen Gang admires an army leader who helped a lot and died bravely on the battlefield. 50. Liu Wei is moved by stories of collective bravery, where a group of soldiers chose to die rather than give up to the enemy. A．Zhao Yiman: A woman hero who was caught and treated very badly by the enemy but never gave up any information. B. “Silly Child”: A young boy who worked as a messenger for the army. He was clever and always found ways to get through enemy lines. C. Yang Jingyu: A general who kept fighting under very difficult conditions. He once lived in the forest for days without food. D．Zuo Quan: A high-ranking army leader who died in battle. He is remembered for his leadership. E. Ma Baishan: A skilled shooter who took down many enemy soldiers from a long distance and was famous for his shooting skills. F. “The Five Heroes of Langya Mountain”: They fought until the last minute, then jumped off a mountain instead of being caught by the enemy. G. Hu Zi: A brave soldier who was strong and good at using a big sword (剑) to beat enemies face-to-face. 六、选词填空 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。 heavy     discussions     lucky     across reply     natural     what     example     become     poem In ancient China, women didn’t get much education. Xie Daoyun, however, was 51 to be different. She was born into a large family, in which many members were officials. Her uncle Xie An (320-385) even rose to 52 the prime minister (宰相). Officials often got together at Xie An’s home. The young Xie Daoyun learned a lot from their 53 . By the time she was in her teens, she had already been skilled at writing 54 . Once, on a cold day, Xie An gathered his nephews and nieces (侄子侄女) to discuss poetry and literature. Shortly after, it began to snow 55 . Xie An thought it was a chance to inspire the young minds, so he asked them 56 the snow looked like. Xie Lang, Xie Daoyun’s brother, quickly 57 , “Like salt poured from the sky.” But Xie Daoyun gave a different answer: “Isn’t it like a sky full of willow catkins (柳絮) dancing in the wind?” Xie An laughed joyfully and nodded to accept Xie Lang’s answer, but Xie Daoyun’s was far more 58 . She stood out among the young people and won her uncle’s admiration (赞赏). After that, the story of Xie Daoyun started to spread 59 the country. Soon, her story was taken as a(n) 60 . When people wanted to praise a talented woman, they would say she had “the wit of the willow catkin poet” (咏絮之才). 【参考答案】 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．scientific 12．exploration 13．kindness 14．herself 15．inventors 16．forever 17．universe 18．socialism 19．whether 20．banker 21．above all 22．live on 23．left behind 24．provide with 25．did much research 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．B 35．C 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．C 40．D 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．C 46．E 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．F 51．lucky 52．become 53．discussions 54．poems 55．heavily 56．what 57．replied 58．natural 59．across 60．example 第 22 页 共 23 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $