2026年中考英语常考近义词辨析手册

该初中英语中考复习知识清单聚焦中考高频近义词辨析，系统整理80组核心词汇，涵盖动词、名词、形容词副词、介词连词四大知识范畴，配套50道综合练习题，构建从基础辨析到综合应用的复习体系。 清单采用“分类梳理+关键标注+实例演练”模式，以黄底红字突出每组近义词的关键区别，如“speak侧重语言能力，say强调内容”，结合典型例句和即学即练题，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。综合题覆盖全部考点，助力学生自主检测，为教师提供针对性复习工具，提升复习效率。

中考英语常考近义词辨析手册 近义词辨析是中考英语的"老大难"。完形填空、单项选择、词汇运用，处处设陷阱。很多同学背了单词却分不清用法，speak 和 say 傻傻分不清，borrow 和 lend 方向搞反，have been to 和 have gone to 一用就错。这份手册把中考高频近义词组按动词、名词、形容词副词、介词连词四大类整理成80组，每组配中文解释、关键区别、典型例句和一道即学即练选择题。看完辨析，做完练习，再攻克50道综合题，近义词从此不再丢分。 使用说明：蓝色加粗字为词组标题，黄底红字为关键区别，斜体字为典型例句。先读解释，再记区别，最后看例句加深印象，做完即学即练巩固。 一、动词类近义词辨析 动词类近义词是中考考查的重头戏，涉及说话、花费、借还、穿戴、到达、参加等高频场景。下面30组动词近义词，每组都配了生活化的辨析和例句，帮你彻底分清。 1. speak / talk / say / tell 【中文解释】四个"说"各有分工。speak 侧重开口说话的能力或动作，后面一般不接宾语，接语言时加语言名；talk 侧重交谈、对话，常接 to/with sb. 或 about sth.；say 强调说话的内容，后面接说的话；tell 强调告诉某人某事，常接双宾语 tell sb. sth.。 【关键区别】speak 说语言、发言（不接内容）；talk 交谈（接 to/with/about）；say 说内容（接 that 从句或引号内容）；tell 告诉（接双宾语 tell sb. sth.）。 ◆ Can you speak English? She is speaking at the meeting. ◆ He is talking with his friend about the film. ◆ He said, "I am tired." / She said that she was busy. ◆ Please tell me the truth. My mother told me a story. 即学即练 1：Please ______ me what happened yesterday. A. speak B. talk C. say D. tell 2. take / spend / pay / cost 【中文解释】四个"花费"主语和搭配各不同。take 主语常是 it，句型 It takes sb. time to do sth.；spend 主语是人，句型 sb. spends time/money on sth. 或 (in) doing sth.；pay 主语是人，句型 sb. pays money for sth.；cost 主语是物，句型 sth. costs sb. money。 【关键区别】take 主语 it，花时间；spend 主语人，花时间或钱；pay 主语人，花钱，接 for；cost 主语物，花钱。 ◆ It took me two hours to finish the homework. ◆ She spent 50 yuan on the book. / She spent two hours reading. ◆ He paid 100 yuan for the shoes. ◆ The bike cost me 300 yuan. 即学即练 2：The new computer ______ him 5000 yuan. A. took B. spent C. paid D. cost 3. borrow / lend / keep 【中文解释】borrow 是"借入"，从别人那里借来东西，接 from，瞬间动词；lend 是"借出"，把东西借给别人，接 to，瞬间动词；keep 是"保留、借用"，表示借多久，延续性动词，和时间段连用。 【关键区别】borrow 借入（接 from）；lend 借出（接 to）；keep 借多久（延续性，接时间段）。 ◆ I borrowed a book from the library. ◆ Can you lend me your pen? / Can you lend your pen to me? ◆ You can keep the book for two weeks. 即学即练 3：—How long may I ______ the book? —For two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. take 4. bring / take / fetch / carry 【中文解释】bring 是"带来"，从别处拿到说话人这里；take 是"带走"，从说话人这里拿到别处；fetch 是"去拿来"，先去再回，往返动作；carry 是"搬运、携带"，不强调方向，只强调用力拿着移动。 【关键区别】bring 带来（朝向说话人）；take 带走（远离说话人）；fetch 去拿来（往返）；carry 搬运（无方向）。 ◆ Please bring your homework to school tomorrow. ◆ Take this box to the next room. ◆ Go and fetch some water for me. ◆ The bag is too heavy for me to carry. 即学即练 4：Don't forget to ______ your umbrella when you leave. It's raining outside. A. bring B. take C. fetch D. carry 5. have been to / have gone to / have been in 【中文解释】have been to 表示"曾经去过某地"，人已经回来了；have gone to 表示"已经去了某地"，人还没回来，不在说话现场；have been in 表示"已经在某地待了多久"，常接时间段。 【关键区别】have been to 去过（已回）；have gone to 去了（未回）；have been in 待了多久（接时间段）。 ◆ I have been to Beijing twice.（我去过北京两次，现在不在北京） ◆ He has gone to Shanghai.（他去了上海，现在不在这里） ◆ She has been in this school for three years.（她在这所学校待了三年了） 即学即练 5：—Where is Tom? —He ______ the library. A. has been to B. has gone to C. have been in D. went to 6. look / see / watch / read 【中文解释】look 是"看"，强调看的动作，不及物，接宾语要加 at；see 是"看见"，强调看的结果，及物；watch 是"观看"，强调专注地看移动的事物，如看电视、看比赛；read 是"阅读"，看文字材料，如看书、看报。 【关键区别】look 看（动作，接 at）；see 看见（结果）；watch 观看（移动的事物）；read 阅读（文字）。 ◆ Look at the blackboard, please. ◆ I can see a bird in the tree. ◆ We watched a football match last night. ◆ She is reading a newspaper. 即学即练 6：It's too dark. I can't ______ the words on the wall. A. look B. see C. watch D. read 7. listen / hear 【中文解释】listen 是"听"，强调听的动作，不及物，接宾语要加 to；hear 是"听见"，强调听的结果，及物。listen to 可能 hear 不到，hear 不一定 listen。 【关键区别】listen 听（动作，接 to）；hear 听见（结果，及物）。 ◆ Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. ◆ I listened carefully but heard nothing. ◆ Can you hear me? 即学即练 7：I ______ carefully but ______ nothing. A. heard; listened B. listened; heard C. heard; heard D. listened; listened 8. look for / find / find out 【中文解释】look for 是"寻找"，强调找的过程和动作；find 是"找到"，强调找的结果，偶然发现；find out 是"查明、弄清"，强调经过调查、研究后得知真相或信息。 【关键区别】look for 寻找（过程）；find 找到（结果）；find out 查明（经过调查得知）。 ◆ I am looking for my key, but I can't find it. ◆ Please find out when the train leaves. 即学即练 8：He tried to ______ who broke the window. A. look for B. find C. find out D. look 9. put on / wear / dress / be in 【中文解释】put on 是"穿上"，强调穿的动作，瞬间动词；wear 是"穿着"，强调穿的状态，延续性动词；dress 是"给……穿衣服"，接人作宾语，如 dress sb. 或 dress oneself；be in 是"穿着"，强调状态，接衣服或颜色。 【关键区别】put on 穿上（动作）；wear 穿着（状态）；dress 给人穿衣（接人）；be in 穿着（接衣服/颜色）。 ◆ It's cold. Put on your coat. ◆ She is wearing a red dress today. ◆ The mother dressed her baby. ◆ The girl in red is my sister. 即学即练 9：______ your coat. It's cold outside. You'd better ______ warm clothes. A. Put on; wear B. Wear; put on C. Put on; put on D. Wear; wear 10. win / beat 【中文解释】win 是"赢得"，宾语是比赛、奖品、战争等事物，如 win the game/match/prize；beat 是"打败"，宾语是人、队、对手，如 beat sb./a team。 【关键区别】win 赢（接比赛、奖品）；beat 打败（接人、对手）。 ◆ We won the basketball match. ◆ We beat Class Two in the match. 即学即练 10：We ______ them and ______ the first prize. A. won; beat B. beat; won C. beat; beat D. won; won 11. hope / wish 【中文解释】hope 是"希望"，表示有可能实现的事，接 to do 或 that 从句，不接 sb. to do；wish 是"愿望"，表示未必能实现的事或祝福，接 to do、sb. to do 或双宾语 wish sb. sth.。 【关键区别】hope 接 to do 或 that 从句（不接 sb. to do）；wish 接 to do、sb. to do 或双宾语。 ◆ I hope to see you soon. / I hope (that) you can come. ◆ I wish you a Merry Christmas. / I wish you to succeed. 即学即练 11：I ______ you good luck in the exam. A. hope B. wish C. want D. expect 12. answer / reply 【中文解释】answer 是"回答"，及物动词，直接接宾语，较口语化；reply 是"答复"，不及物动词，接宾语要加 to，较正式，常用于书面语。 【关键区别】answer 回答（及物，直接接宾语）；reply 答复（不及物，接 to）。 ◆ Can you answer my question? ◆ He replied to my letter yesterday. 即学即练 12：He didn't ______ my question, so I had to ______ to him again. A. answer; reply B. reply; answer C. answer; answer D. reply; reply 13. reach / arrive / get to 【中文解释】三个"到达"。reach 是及物动词，直接接宾语；arrive 是不及物动词，接大地方用 in，接小地方用 at；get to 是动词短语，口语化。三者后接 here/there/home 等副词时都不加介词。 【关键区别】reach 及物（直接接宾语）；arrive 不及物（in 大地方，at 小地方）；get to 接地点。三者接副词不加介词。 ◆ He reached Beijing yesterday. ◆ She arrived in Shanghai last night. / She arrived at the station at 8. ◆ When did you get to school? / I got home at 6. 即学即练 13：When did you ______ Beijing? A. reach B. arrive C. get D. reach to 14. join / take part in / attend 【中文解释】join 是"加入"某个组织、团体，成为其中一员，如 join the army/club/party；take part in 是"参加"某项活动，如比赛、讨论、运动；attend 是"出席"会议、课程、婚礼等，强调到场。 【关键区别】join 加入组织；take part in 参加活动；attend 出席会议/课程。 ◆ He joined the army last year. ◆ We will take part in the sports meeting. ◆ She attended an important meeting yesterday. 即学即练 14：More than 200 students ______ the English speech contest. A. joined B. took part in C. attended D. joined in 15. receive / accept 【中文解释】receive 是"收到"，强调客观收到某物，不管是否愿意接受；accept 是"接受"，强调主观上同意接受，是自愿的。收到礼物不一定接受，接受礼物一定先收到。 【关键区别】receive 收到（客观）；accept 接受（主观，自愿）。 ◆ I received a gift yesterday, but I didn't accept it. ◆ She received his invitation but didn't accept it. 即学即练 15：I ______ his letter but I didn't ______ his advice. A. received; accept B. accepted; receive C. received; receive D. accepted; accept 16. lie / lay 【中文解释】lie 作"躺、位于"讲时，过去式 lay，过去分词 lain；lay 作"放置、下蛋"讲时，过去式 laid，过去分词 laid。两个词最容易混，lie（躺）的过去式正好是 lay（放）的原形。 【关键区别】lie（躺）→ lay → lain；lay（放/下蛋）→ laid → laid。 ◆ He lay on the bed and lay there for an hour.（他躺在床上躺了一小时） ◆ The hen laid an egg this morning. 即学即练 16：The book ______ on the desk for a week. A. lay B. laid C. lied D. has lain 17. raise / rise 【中文解释】raise 是"举起、提高、抚养"，及物动词，后面必须接宾语，有被动语态；rise 是"升起、上升"，不及物动词，后面不接宾语，无被动语态，主语自身升高。 【关键区别】raise 举起（及物，接宾语）；rise 升起（不及物，不接宾语）。 ◆ Please raise your hand if you have a question. ◆ The sun rises in the east. ◆ He raised his voice. / The price is rising. 即学即练 17：The water level ______ because of the heavy rain. A. raised B. rose C. was raised D. rises 18. learn / study 【中文解释】learn 侧重"学到、学会"某种知识或技能，强调学习的结果，常接 to do；study 侧重"学习、研究"的过程，强调深入系统地学，常接学科。learn from 是"向……学习"。 【关键区别】learn 学会（结果，接 to do）；study 学习过程（接学科）。 ◆ She is learning to swim. / I learned a lot from him. ◆ He studies English hard. / She is studying history. 即学即练 18：He wants to ______ how to drive a car. A. learn B. study C. learning D. studying 19. forget / leave 【中文解释】forget 是"忘记"，忘记某事或某信息，不接地点；leave 是"留下、遗忘"，把某物落在某地，必须接地点。"忘记带某物"用 leave sth. + 地点，不用 forget。 【关键区别】forget 忘记（不接地点）；leave 留下（接地点）。 ◆ I forgot his name. / Don't forget to close the door. ◆ I left my umbrella at home. / He left his book in the classroom. 即学即练 19：I ______ my homework at home this morning. A. forgot B. left C. lost D. missed 20. stop doing / stop to do 【中文解释】stop doing 是"停止做某事"，停下正在做的事；stop to do 是"停下来去做某事"，停下当前的事，去做另一件事。to do 表示目的。 【关键区别】stop doing 停止做（停下当前的事）；stop to do 停下去做（做另一件事）。 ◆ Stop talking, please. The class is beginning.（停止讲话） ◆ He stopped to have a rest.（停下来休息） 即学即练 20：He was tired, so he stopped ______ a rest. A. to have B. having C. have D. had 21. remember doing / remember to do 【中文解释】remember doing 是"记得做过某事"，事情已经做了；remember to do 是"记得要做某事"，事情还没做。forget 同理：forget doing 忘记做过（做了但忘了），forget to do 忘记去做（没做）。 【关键区别】remember doing 记得做过（已做）；remember to do 记得要做（未做）。 ◆ I remember posting the letter.（我记得寄过信了） ◆ Remember to post the letter.（记得去寄信） 即学即练 21：Remember ______ the door when you leave. A. locking B. to lock C. locked D. lock 22. used to do / be used to doing 【中文解释】used to do 是"过去常常做某事"，表示过去的习惯，现在已经不做了；be used to doing 是"习惯于做某事"，表示现在的习惯状态，可以用于各种时态。be used to do 是"被用来做"，被动语态。 【关键区别】used to do 过去常常（已不做了）；be used to doing 习惯于（现在）；be used to do 被用来做（被动）。 ◆ He used to get up early, but now he doesn't. ◆ She is used to getting up early now. ◆ Wood is used to make paper. 即学即练 22：My father ______ smoke, but now he has given it up. A. used to B. is used to C. uses to D. was used to 23. happen / take place 【中文解释】happen 是"发生"，指偶然或意外发生，无被动语态；take place 是"发生、举行"，指经过安排或有计划地发生，如会议、比赛、变化，无被动语态。两者都不能用被动。 【关键区别】happen 偶然发生；take place 有计划地发生/举行。两者都无被动。 ◆ What happened to him? / An accident happened yesterday. ◆ The meeting will take place next Monday. / Great changes have taken place. 即学即练 23：Great changes have ______ in my hometown in the past ten years. A. happened B. taken place C. been happened D. been taken place 24. discover / invent 【中文解释】discover 是"发现"，发现已经存在但以前不知道的东西，如发现新大陆、发现真理；invent 是"发明"，创造以前不存在的东西，如发明电话、发明电灯。 【关键区别】discover 发现（已存在）；invent 发明（不存在）。 ◆ Columbus discovered America in 1492. ◆ Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 即学即练 24：Edison ______ the light bulb. A. discovered B. invented C. found D. made 25. show / display 【中文解释】show 是"给……看、展示"，普通用语，接双宾语 show sb. sth. 或 show sth. to sb.；display 是"陈列、展览"，强调公开展示供人观看，如商品陈列、展品展览。 【关键区别】show 给……看（接双宾语）；display 陈列展览（公开展示）。 ◆ Can you show me your photo? / Show your ticket to me. ◆ The shop displayed new clothes in the window. 即学即练 25：Please ______ me your passport. A. show B. display C. give D. take 26. hurt / injure / wound 【中文解释】hurt 是"受伤、疼痛"，可指肉体或精神上的伤害，口语化；injure 是"受伤"，多指意外事故造成的伤害，较正式；wound 是"受伤"，多指刀、枪等武器造成的伤害，常用于战争。 【关键区别】hurt 肉体/精神伤害（口语）；injure 意外伤害（正式）；wound 武器伤害（战争）。 ◆ My leg hurts. / His words hurt me. ◆ He was injured in a car accident. ◆ The soldier was wounded in the battle. 即学即练 26：The soldier was ______ in the war. A. hurt B. injured C. wounded D. broken 27. carry / take / bring 【中文解释】carry 是"搬运、携带"，不强调方向，只强调拿着移动；take 是"带走"，从说话人这里拿到别处；bring 是"带来"，从别处拿到说话人这里。三者区别在于方向。 【关键区别】carry 搬运（无方向）；take 带走（远离）；bring 带来（靠近）。 ◆ The bag is too heavy to carry. ◆ Take this book to the teacher. ◆ Bring your dictionary here. 即学即练 27：Let me help you ______ the heavy box. A. carry B. take C. bring D. fetch 28. keep / borrow / lend 【中文解释】keep 是"保留、借用"，延续性动词，表示借多久，接时间段；borrow 是"借入"，瞬间动词，接 from；lend 是"借出"，瞬间动词，接 to。borrow 和 lend 不能接时间段。 【关键区别】keep 借多久（延续性）；borrow 借入（瞬间）；lend 借出（瞬间）。 ◆ You can keep the book for a week. ◆ I borrowed a pen from my classmate. ◆ Can you lend me your bike? 即学即练 28：—How long can I ______ the magazine? —For a week. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. take 29. wear / put on / try on 【中文解释】wear 是"穿着"，强调状态，延续性动词；put on 是"穿上"，强调动作，瞬间动词；try on 是"试穿"，强调试的动作。 【关键区别】wear 穿着（状态）；put on 穿上（动作）；try on 试穿。 ◆ She is wearing a blue skirt today. ◆ Put on your coat. It's cold. ◆ Can I try on this pair of shoes? 即学即练 29：She ______ a red dress and went out. A. wore B. put on C. tried on D. dressed 30. family / house / home 【中文解释】family 是"家庭"，指家庭成员或作为一个整体的家庭，强调人；house 是"房子"，指建筑物本身；home 是"家"，指人居住的地方，带有感情色彩，强调温馨和归属。 【关键区别】family 家庭（成员）；house 房子（建筑）；home 家（感情色彩）。 ◆ My family are watching TV. / His family is a big one. ◆ They bought a new house near the school. ◆ There's no place like home. / I go home every weekend. 即学即练 30：His ______ is very large. He has a big ______ and a warm ______. A. family; house; home B. house; family; home C. home; family; house D. family; home; house 二、名词类近义词辨析 名词类近义词考查词义辨析和搭配习惯。family、house、home 都和"家"有关，但侧重点不同；problem 和 question 都是"问题"，一个要解决一个要回答。下面15组名词近义词，帮你精准选词。 31. problem / question 【中文解释】problem 是"问题、难题"，指需要解决的困难或麻烦，常与 solve 搭配，如数学题、社会问题；question 是"问题、疑问"，指需要回答的提问，常与 answer 搭配，如考试题、提问。 【关键区别】problem 难题（需解决，接 solve）；question 疑问（需回答，接 answer）。 ◆ I can't solve this math problem. ◆ Can you answer my question? ◆ No problem!（没问题） 即学即练 31：I have a ______ with my computer. Can you help me? A. question B. problem C. matter D. thing 32. work / job 【中文解释】work 是"工作"，不可数名词，泛指工作活动或劳动，也指作品；job 是"工作、职业"，可数名词，指具体的一份工作或职位。work 是不可数，job 是可数。 【关键区别】work 工作（不可数，泛指）；job 工作（可数，具体职位）。 ◆ I have a lot of work to do. / His work is teaching. ◆ She has a good job in a bank. / He lost his job. 即学即练 32：He is looking for a ______ as a teacher. A. work B. job C. career D. labor 33. sound / noise / voice 【中文解释】sound 是"声音"，泛指任何听到的声音；noise 是"噪音"，指嘈杂、刺耳的声音，带贬义；voice 是"嗓音"，指人说话或唱歌的声音。 【关键区别】sound 声音（泛指）；noise 噪音（贬义）；voice 嗓音（人的）。 ◆ I heard a strange sound in the dark. ◆ Don't make noise in the library. ◆ She has a sweet voice. 即学即练 33：The girl has a beautiful ______. She can sing very well. A. sound B. noise C. voice D. mouth 34. trip / travel / journey 【中文解释】trip 是"旅行"，指短途往返旅行，常带目的，如出差、郊游；travel 是"旅行"，泛指旅行活动，常作动词，指长途或多次旅行；journey 是"旅程"，指较长距离的陆地旅行，强调路程。 【关键区别】trip 短途往返；travel 泛指旅行（常作动词）；journey 长途旅程。 ◆ We will have a school trip next week. ◆ He likes traveling around the world. ◆ It's a long journey from Beijing to Guangzhou. 即学即练 34：We are going on a school ______ to the museum tomorrow. A. trip B. travel C. journey D. tour 35. road / street / way 【中文解释】road 是"路、公路"，指连接城乡的道路，较宽；street 是"街道"，指城镇两侧有建筑物的路；way 是"路、方式"，指到达某地的路或方法，抽象意义。 【关键区别】road 公路（城乡间）；street 街道（城镇内）；way 路/方式（抽象）。 ◆ There are many cars on the road. ◆ Don't play in the street. ◆ Can you tell me the way to the station? / This is the best way to learn. 即学即练 35：Excuse me, can you tell me the ______ to the post office? A. road B. street C. way D. path 36. country / nation / state 【中文解释】country 是"国家"，侧重领土和地理意义；nation 是"民族、国家"，侧重民族和人民；state 是"国家、州"，侧重政治实体和政权。 【关键区别】country 国家（地理）；nation 民族/国家（人民）；state 国家/州（政治）。 ◆ China is a great country with a long history. ◆ The Chinese nation is hardworking. ◆ The state should protect people's rights. / There are 50 states in the USA. 即学即练 36：The United States is a big ______. A. country B. nation C. state D. land 37. people / person / man 【中文解释】people 是"人们"，集合名词，复数意义，指一群人；person 是"人"，单数可数名词，指个体，复数是 persons（正式）或 people；man 是"男人、人类"，指成年男性或人类总称。 【关键区别】people 人们（集合，复数）；person 人（个体，可数）；man 男人/人类。 ◆ Many people are in the park. / The Chinese people are friendly. ◆ He is a kind person. ◆ Man will conquer nature. / A man is waiting for you. 即学即练 37：There are five ______ in the room. A. people B. peoples C. person D. mans 38. class / lesson 【中文解释】class 是"班级、课"，指一个班级的学生或一节课，如 have a class 上课；lesson 是"课、功课"，指课本中的一课或一次教学活动，如 Lesson One 第一课。 【关键区别】class 班级/一节课；lesson 一课/功课（课本中的）。 ◆ We have four classes in the morning. / Class 1, Grade 7 ◆ Let's learn Lesson Three. / I have a piano lesson on Sunday. 即学即练 38：We will learn ______ Five tomorrow. A. Class B. Lesson C. Course D. Subject 39. holiday / vacation 【中文解释】holiday 是"假日、节日"，指法定假日或休息日，英式英语常用；vacation 是"假期"，指较长的休假，美式英语常用。两者在很多场合可互换。 【关键区别】holiday 假日/节日（英式）；vacation 假期（美式，较长）。 ◆ Christmas is a holiday. / We are on holiday. ◆ Summer vacation is coming. / What are you doing on vacation? 即学即练 39：We will have a long summer ______ next month. A. holiday B. vacation C. day off D. rest 40. sport / game 【中文解释】sport 是"运动"，指体力运动或户外运动，如篮球、足球、游泳；game 是"游戏、比赛"，指有规则的比赛或游戏，可以是体力或智力的，如篮球赛、棋类游戏。 【关键区别】sport 运动（体力）；game 比赛/游戏（有规则）。 ◆ My favorite sport is basketball. / Sports meeting ◆ Let's play a game of chess. / The game is exciting. 即学即练 40：Football is a popular ______ in the world. A. sport B. game C. play D. match 41. price / cost / fee 【中文解释】price 是"价格"，商品出售的价钱，主语是物；cost 是"成本、花费"，生产或获得的费用；fee 是"费用"，服务费、学费、会费等。 【关键区别】price 价格（商品售价）；cost 成本/花费；fee 费用（服务费/学费）。 ◆ The price of the book is 20 yuan. / What's the price? ◆ The cost of living is high. / The cost is too high. ◆ The school fee is 5000 yuan a year. 即学即练 41：The ______ of this car is too high for me to afford. A. price B. cost C. fee D. money 42. weather / climate 【中文解释】weather 是"天气"，指某地短时间的天气状况，如晴、雨、风；climate 是"气候"，指某地长期的天气特征，如温带气候、热带气候。 【关键区别】weather 天气（短期）；climate 气候（长期）。 ◆ What's the weather like today? / The weather is fine. ◆ The climate here is warm and wet. 即学即练 42：The ______ in Kunming is pleasant all year round. A. weather B. climate C. sky D. air 43. ground / floor / field 【中文解释】ground 是"地面、场地"，指室外地面；floor 是"地板、楼层"，指室内地面或楼房的层；field 是"田野、场地"，指农田或运动场地。 【关键区别】ground 地面（室外）；floor 地板/楼层（室内）；field 田野/场地。 ◆ The ground is wet after the rain. ◆ The cat is on the floor. / We live on the second floor. ◆ The farmers are working in the field. / A football field 即学即练 43：My office is on the third ______ of this building. A. ground B. floor C. field D. story 44. hill / mountain 【中文解释】hill 是"小山"，指较小的山丘；mountain 是"大山、高山"，指高大的山脉。mountain 比 hill 高大。 【关键区别】hill 小山；mountain 大山。 ◆ The children are playing on the hill. ◆ Mount Tai is one of the most famous mountains in China. 即学即练 44：We can see the snow on the top of the ______ in winter. A. hill B. mountain C. tree D. building 45. good / well 【中文解释】good 是形容词，"好的"，修饰名词；well 作形容词时指"身体好"，作副词时指"好地"，修饰动词。 【关键区别】good 好的（形容词，修饰名词）；well 好（形容词指身体好，副词修饰动词）。 ◆ He is a good student. / The food tastes good. ◆ I am feeling well today. / She sings well. 即学即练 45：She dances very ______. She is a ______ dancer. A. good; well B. well; good C. good; good D. well; well 三、形容词/副词类近义词辨析 形容词和副词的近义词考查修饰关系和感情色彩。-ing 形容词修饰事物，-ed 形容词修饰人，这是必考点；few 和 little 接可数还是不可数，也是高频陷阱。下面33组形副近义词，逐个击破。 46. beautiful / handsome / pretty / good-looking 【中文解释】beautiful 是"美丽的"，最常用，形容女性、风景、事物；handsome 是"英俊的"，形容男性；pretty 是"漂亮的"，形容年轻女性或小孩，较轻巧；good-looking 是"好看的"，男女通用，较口语。 【关键区别】beautiful 美丽（女性/景物）；handsome 英俊（男性）；pretty 漂亮（年轻女性/小孩）；good-looking 好看（通用）。 ◆ She is a beautiful girl. / The scenery is beautiful. ◆ He is a handsome young man. ◆ What a pretty dress! / The baby is pretty. ◆ She is good-looking. 即学即练 46：The prince was a ______ young man. A. beautiful B. handsome C. pretty D. good-looking 47. big / large / great 【中文解释】big 是"大的"，最常用，口语化，指体积、规模；large 是"大的"，较正式，指面积、容量、数量；great 是"伟大的、大的"，带感情色彩，指重要性、程度，也表赞叹。 【关键区别】big 大（口语，体积）；large 大（正式，面积/数量）；great 伟大/大（感情色彩）。 ◆ He has a big apple. / A big dog ◆ China is a large country. / A large number of people ◆ He is a great man. / That's great! 即学即练 47：China is a ______ country with a long history. A. big B. large C. great D. huge 48. happy / glad / cheerful 【中文解释】happy 是"快乐的、幸福的"，长期的心情愉快；glad 是"高兴的"，因某事而高兴，短期情绪；cheerful 是"开朗的、令人愉快的"，天生活泼开朗。 【关键区别】happy 幸福/快乐（长期）；glad 高兴（短期，因某事）；cheerful 开朗（天生）。 ◆ She has a happy family. / I am happy to see you. ◆ I am glad to meet you. / Glad to hear that. ◆ She has a cheerful smile. 即学即练 48：I am ______ to hear that you passed the exam. A. happy B. glad C. cheerful D. pleasant 49. sick / ill 【中文解释】sick 是"病的"，可作表语和定语，美式英语常用；ill 是"病的"，只作表语，不作定语，英式英语常用。sick 还可指"恶心、想吐"。 【关键区别】sick 病的（表语+定语，美式）；ill 病的（只作表语，英式）。 ◆ He is taking care of his sick mother.（定语） ◆ He is ill in bed.（表语） / I feel sick.（恶心） 即学即练 49：The ______ boy was sent to hospital at once. A. ill B. sick C. bad D. illing 50. alone / lonely 【中文解释】alone 是"独自的"，强调客观上一个人，没有同伴，不带感情色彩；lonely 是"孤独的、寂寞的"，强调主观上感到寂寞，带感情色彩。alone 可以不 lonely，lonely 可以不 alone。 【关键区别】alone 独自（客观，无感情）；lonely 孤独（主观，有感情）。 ◆ He lives alone, but he doesn't feel lonely. ◆ The old man feels lonely without his children. 即学即练 50：Though he lives ______, he never feels ______. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely 51. interesting / interested 【中文解释】interesting 是"有趣的"，修饰事物，表示事物本身有趣；interested 是"感兴趣的"，修饰人，表示人对某事感兴趣。be interested in 是"对……感兴趣"。 【关键区别】interesting 有趣（修饰事物）；interested 感兴趣（修饰人，接 in）。 ◆ The book is interesting. / This is an interesting story. ◆ I am interested in the book. / He is interested in science. 即学即练 51：The film is so ______ that all of us are ______ in it. A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested 52. exciting / excited 【中文解释】exciting 是"令人兴奋的"，修饰事物；excited 是"感到兴奋的"，修饰人。be excited about/at 是"对……感到兴奋"。 【关键区别】exciting 令人兴奋（修饰事物）；excited 感到兴奋（修饰人）。 ◆ The football match is exciting. / Exciting news ◆ We are excited about the trip. / The children are excited. 即学即练 52：The ______ news made everyone ______. A. exciting; excited B. excited; exciting C. exciting; exciting D. excited; excited 53. surprising / surprised 【中文解释】surprising 是"令人惊讶的"，修饰事物；surprised 是"感到惊讶的"，修饰人。be surprised at 是"对……感到惊讶"。 【关键区别】surprising 令人惊讶（修饰事物）；surprised 感到惊讶（修饰人）。 ◆ The result is surprising. / It is surprising that... ◆ I am surprised at the news. / She looked surprised. 即学即练 53：I was ______ at the ______ result. A. surprising; surprised B. surprised; surprising C. surprising; surprising D. surprised; surprised 54. tiring / tired 【中文解释】tiring 是"令人疲倦的"，修饰事物；tired 是"感到疲倦的"，修饰人。be tired of 是"厌倦……"，be tired from 是"因……而疲劳"。 【关键区别】tiring 令人疲倦（修饰事物）；tired 感到疲倦（修饰人）。 ◆ The work is tiring. / It was a tiring day. ◆ I am tired after the long walk. / I am tired of this game. 即学即练 54：The ______ trip made us all ______. A. tiring; tired B. tired; tiring C. tiring; tiring D. tired; tired 55. boring / bored 【中文解释】boring 是"令人无聊的"，修饰事物；bored 是"感到无聊的"，修饰人。be bored with 是"对……感到厌烦"。 【关键区别】boring 令人无聊（修饰事物）；bored 感到无聊（修饰人）。 ◆ The film is boring. / It is a boring book. ◆ I am bored with the lesson. / The children look bored. 即学即练 55：The ______ lecture made the students ______. A. boring; bored B. bored; boring C. boring; boring D. bored; bored 56. relaxing / relaxed 【中文解释】relaxing 是"令人放松的"，修饰事物；relaxed 是"感到放松的"，修饰人。 【关键区别】relaxing 令人放松（修饰事物）；relaxed 感到放松（修饰人）。 ◆ The music is relaxing. / A relaxing holiday ◆ I feel relaxed after the bath. / She looks relaxed. 即学即练 56：Listening to music is ______. I feel ______ now. A. relaxing; relaxed B. relaxed; relaxing C. relaxing; relaxing D. relaxed; relaxed 57. high / tall 【中文解释】high 是"高的"，指物体离地面的高度，如山、楼、价格，也可指抽象的"高"；tall 是"高的"，指人、树、建筑物等细长物体的高度。指人只能用 tall，不能用 high。 【关键区别】high 高（离地高度，物/抽象）；tall 高（细长物/人）。 ◆ The mountain is high. / The price is high. / Jump high ◆ He is a tall man. / A tall tree / A tall building 即学即练 57：Yao Ming is a very ______ man. A. high B. tall C. big D. long 58. fast / quick / rapid 【中文解释】fast 是"快的"，指运动速度快，可作形容词和副词；quick 是"快的、迅速的"，指动作短促、反应快，常作形容词，副词是 quickly；rapid 是"迅速的"，较正式，指变化或进展快。 【关键区别】fast 快（速度，形/副）；quick 快（动作短促，形）；rapid 迅速（正式，变化）。 ◆ He runs fast. / A fast train ◆ Give me a quick answer. / Be quick! ◆ Rapid progress / Rapid change 即学即练 58：The train runs very ______. It is a ______ train. A. fast; fast B. quick; quick C. fast; quick D. quick; fast 59. quiet / silent / still 【中文解释】quiet 是"安静的"，指没有噪音、吵闹，环境或人安静；silent 是"沉默的"，指不说话、不发声；still 是"静止的"，指完全不动，强调没有动作。 【关键区别】quiet 安静（无噪音）；silent 沉默（不说话）；still 静止（不动）。 ◆ Please keep quiet in the library. / A quiet village ◆ He was silent for a moment. / Keep silent! ◆ Stand still, please. / The water is still. 即学即练 59：The teacher asked the students to keep ______ in class. A. quiet B. silent C. still D. calm 60. real / true 【中文解释】real 是"真实的、真正的"，指客观存在、不是假的，如真品、真人；true 是"真实的、正确的"，指符合事实、不是虚构的，如真相、真实故事。come true 是"实现"。 【关键区别】real 真实（客观存在，非假）；true 真实（符合事实，非虚构）。 ◆ This is a real diamond. / Real life ◆ The story is true. / Is it true? / My dream came true. 即学即练 60：Is it ______ that he will go abroad? A. real B. true C. right D. correct 61. few / little / a few / a little 【中文解释】few 修饰可数名词，"很少、几乎没有"，带否定意味；a few 修饰可数名词，"有几个"，带肯定意味；little 修饰不可数名词，"很少、几乎没有"，带否定意味；a little 修饰不可数名词，"有一点"，带肯定意味。 【关键区别】few/a few 接可数（few 否定，a few 肯定）；little/a little 接不可数（little 否定，a little 肯定）。 ◆ He has few friends.（几乎没朋友） / He has a few friends.（有几个朋友） ◆ There is little water.（几乎没水） / There is a little water.（有一点水） 即学即练 61：There is ______ milk in the fridge. Let's go and buy some. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 62. many / much / a lot of 【中文解释】many 修饰可数名词复数，常用于否定句和疑问句；much 修饰不可数名词，常用于否定句和疑问句；a lot of 修饰可数和不可数名词，常用于肯定句。 【关键区别】many 接可数（否定/疑问）；much 接不可数（否定/疑问）；a lot of 接两者（肯定）。 ◆ How many books do you have? / I don't have many books. ◆ How much water is there? / There isn't much water. ◆ There are a lot of people in the park. / A lot of money 即学即练 62：There isn't ______ water in the bottle. A. many B. much C. a lot D. few 63. some / any 【中文解释】some 是"一些"，常用于肯定句，也可用于表示请求或邀请的疑问句（希望得到肯定回答）；any 是"一些、任何"，常用于否定句和疑问句，也可用于肯定句表示"任何"。 【关键区别】some 肯定句（请求/邀请疑问句也可）；any 否定句/疑问句（肯定句表"任何"）。 ◆ I have some apples. / Would you like some tea?（请求） ◆ I don't have any apples. / Do you have any questions? / Any student can do it. 即学即练 63：Would you like ______ coffee? A. some B. any C. many D. few 64. other / another / the other / others / the others 【中文解释】other 是"别的"，修饰名词，后接名词；another 是"另一个"，三者或以上中的另一个，接单数可数名词；the other 是"另一个"，两者中的另一个，常用于 one... the other...；others 是"别人、其他"，泛指其他人和物；the others 是"其余全部"，特指剩下的全部。 【关键区别】other 别的（接名词）；another 另一个（三选一）；the other 另一个（两选一）；others 泛指其他；the others 特指其余全部。 ◆ I have other books. / Other people ◆ Give me another apple.（再来一个） ◆ I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue. ◆ Some like apples, others like bananas.（泛指） ◆ Five students are here. The others are in the classroom.（特指剩下的） 即学即练 64：I have two sisters. One is a doctor, ______ is a teacher. A. other B. another C. the other D. others 65. all / both 【中文解释】all 是"全部"，指三者或以上的人或物，或不可数名词的全部；both 是"两者都"，只指两个人或物。both...and... 是"两者都"，all 修饰主语时谓语用复数。 【关键区别】all 全部（三者以上/不可数）；both 两者都（只指两个）。 ◆ All the students are here. / All the water is gone. ◆ Both of my parents are teachers. / Both Tom and Jerry like cats. 即学即练 65：______ of my parents are workers. They work in the same factory. A. All B. Both C. Either D. Neither 66. either / neither 【中文解释】either 是"两者中任何一个"，可作代词、形容词、副词，谓语用单数；neither 是"两者都不"，是否定含义，谓语用单数。either...or... 是"要么……要么"，neither...nor... 是"既不……也不"。 【关键区别】either 两者任一（肯定）；neither 两者都不（否定）。 ◆ You can take either of the two books. / Either side ◆ Neither of them is right. / Neither answer is correct. 即学即练 66：______ of the two answers is correct. They are both wrong. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All 67. too / also / either 【中文解释】too 是"也"，用于肯定句句末，用逗号隔开；also 是"也"，用于肯定句句中，位于 be 动词后、实义动词前；either 是"也"，用于否定句句末。 【关键区别】too 也（肯定句末）；also 也（肯定句中）；either 也（否定句末）。 ◆ I like apples, too. ◆ I also like apples. ◆ I don't like apples, either. 即学即练 67：He doesn't like swimming, and I don't like it, ______. A. too B. also C. either D. neither 68. very / much / very much 【中文解释】very 修饰形容词或副词原级，不修饰动词；much 修饰比较级或动词（被动语态），不修饰原级形容词；very much 修饰动词，表示"非常"。very 不能修饰比较级。 【关键区别】very 修饰原级（形/副）；much 修饰比较级/动词（被动）；very much 修饰动词。 ◆ He is very tall. / She runs very fast. ◆ He is much taller than me. / I was much surprised. ◆ I like it very much. / Thank you very much. 即学即练 68：This book is ______ more interesting than that one. A. very B. much C. very much D. too 69. almost / nearly 【中文解释】almost 是"几乎、差不多"，可修饰否定词 no/none/never/nobody 等；nearly 是"几乎"，不能修饰否定词。在表示时间、进度时两者可互换，但 almost 比 nearly 更接近。 【关键区别】almost 几乎（可修饰否定词）；nearly 几乎（不能修饰否定词）。 ◆ Almost nobody came. / Almost nothing is left. / It's almost 5 o'clock. ◆ Nearly everyone is here. / It's nearly 5 o'clock. 即学即练 69：______ no one believed his story. A. Almost B. Nearly C. Most D. Hard 70. already / yet / still 【中文解释】already 是"已经"，用于肯定句，表示动作已发生；yet 是"还、已经"，用于否定句和疑问句句末，否定句表"还没"，疑问句表"已经"；still 是"仍然"，表示动作仍在继续，可用于肯定、否定、疑问句。 【关键区别】already 已经（肯定句）；yet 还/已经（否定/疑问句末）；still 仍然（各种句型）。 ◆ I have already finished it. / He has already left. ◆ I haven't finished it yet. / Have you finished it yet? ◆ He is still sleeping. / I still don't understand. 即学即练 70：I haven't finished my homework ______. A. already B. yet C. still D. too 71. before / ago 【中文解释】before 是"以前"，可作副词、介词、连词，常与完成时连用，或单独使用表示"以前"；ago 是"以前"，只能作副词，与过去时连用，放在时间段之后，如 three years ago。 【关键区别】before 以前（完成时/单独用）；ago 以前（过去时，接时间段后）。 ◆ I have seen this film before. / He told me the story before. ◆ He left three days ago. / Long, long ago, there was a king. 即学即练 71：I have read this book ______. A. ago B. before C. since D. already 72. sometime / sometimes / some time / some times 【中文解释】sometime 是"某时"，指某个不确定的时间，过去或将来；sometimes 是"有时"，频度副词；some time 是"一段时间"，名词短语；some times 是"几次"，times 表次数。 【关键区别】sometime 某时（不确定时间）；sometimes 有时（频度）；some time 一段时间；some times 几次。 ◆ I will visit you sometime next week.（某时） ◆ Sometimes I go to school by bus.（有时） ◆ I stayed there for some time.（一段时间） ◆ I have been to Beijing some times.（几次） 即学即练 72：I will go to Shanghai ______ next month. A. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times 73. how long / how soon / how often / how far 【中文解释】how long 是"多长"，问时间长度（for/since）或物体长度；how soon 是"多久以后"，问将来时间（in + 时间段）；how often 是"多久一次"，问频率；how far 是"多远"，问距离。 【关键区别】how long 多长（时间长度/物体）；how soon 多久以后（in + 时间段）；how often 多久一次（频率）；how far 多远（距离）。 ◆ How long have you been here? For three years. ◆ How soon will he come back? In two days. ◆ How often do you exercise? Twice a week. ◆ How far is it from here? Two kilometers. 即学即练 73：—______ will the meeting begin? —In ten minutes. A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How far 74. loud / aloud / loudly 【中文解释】loud 是"大声的"，形容词或副词，指声音大；aloud 是"出声地"，副词，指发出声音（不一定大声），让人能听见；loudly 是"大声地"，副词，指声音大，可带吵闹意味。 【关键区别】loud 大声（形/副）；aloud 出声地（让人听见）；loudly 大声地（可带吵闹）。 ◆ He has a loud voice. / Speak louder, please. ◆ Please read aloud. / She cried aloud. ◆ Don't talk so loudly. / He knocked loudly on the door. 即学即练 74：Please read the text ______ so that we can hear you. A. loud B. aloud C. loudly D. louder 75. hard / hardly 【中文解释】hard 是"努力地、硬的、困难的"，可作副词（努力地）或形容词（硬的、难的）；hardly 是"几乎不"，副词，是否定含义，几乎不。 【关键区别】hard 努力地/硬的/难的（形/副）；hardly 几乎不（否定副词）。 ◆ He works hard. / This question is hard. / A hard bed ◆ I can hardly believe it. / There is hardly any water left. 即学即练 75：He works very ______, so he ______ has time to play. A. hard; hard B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hard D. hardly; hardly 76. late / lately 【中文解释】late 是"迟的、晚的"，可作形容词或副词，指时间晚；lately 是"最近、近来"，副词，相当于 recently，常用于现在完成时或一般过去时。 【关键区别】late 迟/晚（形/副）；lately 最近/近来（副词，= recently）。 ◆ He is late for school. / I got up late this morning. ◆ Have you seen him lately? / I haven't seen him lately. 即学即练 76：I haven't seen him ______. He was ______ for school yesterday. A. late; lately B. lately; late C. late; late D. lately; lately 77. near / nearly 【中文解释】near 是"近的、接近"，可作形容词、副词、介词，指距离近；nearly 是"几乎、差不多"，副词，指程度接近。 【关键区别】near 近（形/副/介，距离）；nearly 几乎（副词，程度）。 ◆ The school is near my home. / He came near. ◆ It's nearly 5 o'clock. / Nearly everyone is here. 即学即练 77：The post office is quite ______ to my home. A. near B. nearly C. close D. almost 78. between / among 【中文解释】between 是"在……之间"，指两者之间，也可指三者以上两两之间；among 是"在……之中"，指三者或以上之中，强调在群体中间。 【关键区别】between 两者之间（或两两之间）；among 三者以上之中。 ◆ The train runs between Beijing and Shanghai. ◆ The house stands among the trees. / Among the students 即学即练 78：The teacher is standing ______ the students. A. between B. among C. in D. of 四、介词/连词类近义词辨析 介词和连词的近义词考查搭配和语境。in、on、at 接时间还是地点，by、with、in 表方式各有分工，since 和 for 接时间点还是时间段，这些都是中考必考。下面2组介词连词近义词，帮你理清用法。 79. except / besides 【中文解释】except 是"除了……之外（不包括）"，表示除掉，不包括在内；besides 是"除了……之外（还包括）"，表示加上，包括在内。except 是减去，besides 是加上。 【关键区别】except 除了（不包括，减去）；besides 除了（还包括，加上）。 ◆ We all went to the park except Tom.（Tom 没去） ◆ We all went to the park besides Tom.（Tom 也去了） 即学即练 79：______ English, we also learn Chinese and math. We have three subjects. A. Except B. Besides C. But D. Beside 80. in / on / at（时间） 【中文解释】in 接年、月、季节、上午下午等较长的时间，如 in 2020, in May, in spring, in the morning；on 接具体某天或某天的上午下午，如 on Monday, on May 1st, on Sunday morning；at 接具体时刻，如 at 8 o'clock, at noon, at night。 【关键区别】in 接年月季节（长时间）；on 接具体某天；at 接具体时刻。 ◆ in 2020 / in May / in spring / in the morning ◆ on Monday / on May 1st / on Sunday morning ◆ at 8 o'clock / at noon / at night / at the age of 10 即学即练 80：We will have a meeting ______ next Monday morning. A. in B. on C. at D. / 81. in / on / at（地点） 【中文解释】in 接大地方（国家、城市）或内部空间，如 in China, in Beijing, in the room；on 接表面、楼层、街道，如 on the desk, on the floor, on the street；at 接小地点、具体地点，如 at the station, at home, at school。 【关键区别】in 大地方/内部；on 表面/楼层；at 小地点/具体点。 ◆ in China / in Beijing / in the box / in the room ◆ on the desk / on the wall / on the second floor / on the street ◆ at the station / at home / at school / at the door 即学即练 81：He lives ______ the 5th floor of this building. A. in B. on C. at D. of 82. by / with / in（方式） 【中文解释】by 接交通方式或手段，如 by bus, by car, by phone, by email；with 接工具或身体部位，如 with a pen, with my eyes；in 接语言、材料、颜色，如 in English, in ink, in red。 【关键区别】by 交通/手段；with 工具/身体部位；in 语言/材料/颜色。 ◆ by bus / by bike / by phone / by email ◆ Cut it with a knife. / See with our eyes. ◆ Say it in English. / Write in ink. / The girl in red 即学即练 82：Please write your name ______ English. A. by B. with C. in D. on 83. since / for 【中文解释】since 接时间点，常与完成时连用，如 since 2010, since yesterday, since I came here；for 接时间段，常与完成时连用，如 for three years, for a long time。 【关键区别】since 接时间点；for 接时间段。两者都常与完成时连用。 ◆ I have lived here since 2010. / since I was born. ◆ I have lived here for ten years. / for a long time. 即学即练 83：He has taught in this school ______ 2010. A. for B. since C. in D. from 84. across / through / over / past 【中文解释】across 是"横过"，指从表面穿过，如过马路、过河；through 是"穿过"，指从内部穿过，如穿过森林、隧道；over 是"越过"，指从上方越过，如翻山；past 是"经过"，指从旁边经过。 【关键区别】across 横过（表面）；through 穿过（内部）；over 越过（上方）；past 经过（旁边）。 ◆ Walk across the street. / Swim across the river. ◆ Go through the forest. / Walk through the door. ◆ Jump over the wall. / Fly over the city. ◆ Walk past the post office. / He walked past me. 即学即练 84：The river runs ______ the city from east to west. A. across B. through C. over D. past 85. among / between / in 【中文解释】among 是"在……之中"，三者以上；between 是"在……之间"，两者之间；in 是"在……里面"，强调在内部空间。三者都表位置，但侧重点不同。 【关键区别】among 三者以上之中；between 两者之间；in 在内部。 ◆ She is sitting among the children. ◆ The choice is between you and me. ◆ The cat is in the box. 即学即练 85：The secret is just ______ you and me. Don't tell others. A. among B. between C. in D. of 五、50道近义词辨析综合练习 下面50道综合选择题覆盖了上面80组近义词。做题时先判断考点属于哪一类（动词、名词、形容词副词、介词连词），再回想关键区别，最后选出答案。做完对照后面的答案和解析，错的回到对应分组再复习一遍。 答题提示：每题选出一个最佳答案。注意题干中的关键词（时间状语、主语是人还是物、肯定还是否定等），这些往往是解题的突破口。 1. He ______ me he would come to my party. A. said B. told C. spoke D. talked 2. It ______ me two hours to do my homework yesterday. A. took B. spent C. paid D. cost 3. I ______ a book from the library and can ______ it for two weeks. A. borrowed; keep B. lent; keep C. kept; borrow D. borrowed; lend 4. Please ______ your homework to school tomorrow. A. bring B. take C. carry D. fetch 5. —Where is Jim? —He ______ the library. He will be back soon. A. has been to B. has gone to C. have been in D. went 6. ______ the blackboard. What can you ______? A. Look; see B. Look at; see C. See; look D. See; look at 7. I ______ carefully but ______ nothing. A. heard; listened B. listened; heard C. heard; heard D. listened; listened 8. He is ______ his key everywhere but can't ______ it. A. looking for; find B. finding; look for C. looking for; find out D. finding out; look for 9. It's cold outside. ______ your coat before you go out. A. Wear B. Put on C. Dress D. Be in 10. We ______ Class 2 and ______ the match. A. won; beat B. beat; won C. beat; beat D. won; won 11. I ______ you a happy New Year. A. hope B. wish C. want D. expect 12. He didn't ______ my question, so I had to ______ to his email. A. answer; reply B. reply; answer C. answer; answer D. reply; reply 13. When did you ______ Beijing? A. reach B. arrive C. get D. reach to 14. More than 500 students ______ the sports meeting. A. joined B. took part in C. attended D. joined in 15. I ______ his gift but didn't ______ it. A. received; accept B. accepted; receive C. received; receive D. accepted; accept 16. The book ______ on the desk for a week. A. lay B. laid C. lied D. has lain 17. The sun ______ in the east. A. raises B. rises C. is raised D. is risen 18. He wants to ______ how to play the piano. A. learn B. study C. learning D. studying 19. I ______ my umbrella at home this morning. A. forgot B. left C. lost D. missed 20. He stopped ______ a rest because he was tired. A. to have B. having C. have D. had 21. Remember ______ the window before you leave. A. closing B. to close C. closed D. close 22. My father ______ smoke, but he has given it up. A. used to B. is used to C. uses to D. was used to 23. Great changes have ______ in my hometown. A. happened B. taken place C. been happened D. been taken place 24. Edison ______ the light bulb. A. discovered B. invented C. found D. made 25. Please ______ me your passport. A. show B. display C. give D. take 26. The soldier was ______ in the battle. A. hurt B. injured C. wounded D. broken 27. Let me help you ______ the heavy box. A. carry B. take C. bring D. fetch 28. —How long can I ______ the book? —For two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. take 29. She ______ a red dress and went to the party. A. wore B. put on C. tried on D. dressed 30. His ______ is large. He has a big ______ and a warm ______. A. family; house; home B. house; family; home C. home; family; house D. family; home; house 31. I can't solve this math ______. A. question B. problem C. matter D. thing 32. He is looking for a ______ as a doctor. A. work B. job C. career D. labor 33. The girl has a beautiful ______. She sings well. A. sound B. noise C. voice D. mouth 34. We are going on a school ______ to the museum. A. trip B. travel C. journey D. tour 35. Can you tell me the ______ to the post office? A. road B. street C. way D. path 36. China is a great ______ with a long history. A. country B. nation C. state D. land 37. There are five ______ in the room. A. people B. peoples C. person D. mans 38. We will learn ______ Five tomorrow. A. Class B. Lesson C. Course D. Subject 39. We will have a long summer ______ next month. A. holiday B. vacation C. day off D. rest 40. Football is a popular ______ in the world. A. sport B. game C. play D. match 41. The ______ of this car is too high for me. A. price B. cost C. fee D. money 42. The ______ in Kunming is pleasant all year round. A. weather B. climate C. sky D. air 43. My office is on the third ______ of this building. A. ground B. floor C. field D. story 44. She dances very ______. She is a ______ dancer. A. good; well B. well; good C. good; good D. well; well 45. The prince was a ______ young man. A. beautiful B. handsome C. pretty D. good-looking 46. He lives ______, but he never feels ______. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely 47. The film is so ______ that we are all ______ in it. A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested 48. The ______ news made everyone ______. A. exciting; excited B. excited; exciting C. exciting; exciting D. excited; excited 49. Yao Ming is a very ______ man. A. high B. tall C. big D. long 50. There is ______ milk in the fridge. Let's go and buy some. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 六、答案及精析 （一）即学即练答案速查 1.D　2.D　3.C　4.B　5.B　6.B　7.B　8.C　9.A　10.B　 11.B　12.A　13.A　14.B　15.A　16.D　17.B　18.A　19.B　20.A　 21.B　22.A　23.B　24.B　25.A　26.C　27.A　28.C　29.B　30.A　 31.B　32.B　33.C　34.A　35.C　36.A　37.A　38.B　39.B　40.A　 41.A　42.B　43.B　44.B　45.B　46.B　47.C　48.B　49.B　50.A　 51.A　52.A　53.B　54.A　55.A　56.A　57.B　58.A　59.A　60.B　 61.C　62.B　63.A　64.C　65.B　66.B　67.C　68.B　69.A　70.B　 71.B　72.A　73.B　74.B　75.B　76.B　77.A　78.B　79.B　80.D　 81.B　82.C　83.B　84.B　85.B　 （二）50道综合练习答案速查 1.B　2.A　3.A　4.A　5.B　6.B　7.B　8.A　9.B　10.B　 11.B　12.A　13.A　14.B　15.A　16.D　17.B　18.A　19.B　20.A　 21.B　22.A　23.B　24.B　25.A　26.C　27.A　28.C　29.B　30.A　 31.B　32.B　33.C　34.A　35.C　36.A　37.A　38.B　39.B　40.A　 41.A　42.B　43.B　44.B　45.B　46.A　47.A　48.A　49.B　50.C　 （三）50道综合练习精析 1. tell sb. sth. 是固定搭配，"告诉某人某事"，选 B。say 接内容，speak 接语言，talk 接 to/with。 2. It takes sb. time to do sth. 是固定句型，选 A。spend/pay 主语是人，cost 主语是物。 3. borrow...from 借入，keep 借多久（延续性），选 A。lend 是借出。 4. 把作业"带来"学校，朝向说话人，用 bring，选 A。take 是带走。 5. Jim 不在说话现场，用 has gone to 表示"去了还没回"，选 B。 6. look at 强调看的动作，see 强调看见的结果，选 B。 7. listen 强调听的动作，hear 强调听见的结果，选 B。 8. look for 寻找（过程），find 找到（结果），选 A。 9. 出门前"穿上"衣服，强调动作，用 put on，选 B。wear 强调穿着的状态。 10. beat sb. 打败某人，win the match 赢得比赛，选 B。 11. wish sb. sth. 祝某人某事，接双宾语，选 B。hope 不能接双宾语。 12. answer 及物动词直接接宾语，reply 不及物接 to，选 A。 13. reach 及物动词直接接宾语，选 A。arrive 要加 in，get 要加 to。 14. 参加活动用 take part in，选 B。join 是加入组织，attend 是出席会议。 15. receive 收到（客观），accept 接受（主观），选 A。 16. lie（躺）的现在完成时 has lain，表示躺着的状态持续一周，选 D。 17. 太阳自身升起，用不及物动词 rise，选 B。raise 是及物动词。 18. 学会某种技能用 learn，后接 to do，选 A。 19. 把伞"落在"家里，接地点，用 leave 的过去式 left，选 B。forget 不接地点。 20. 停下来去休息，用 stop to do，选 A。stop doing 是停止做某事。 21. 离开前"记得去关窗"，事情还没做，用 remember to do，选 B。 22. 过去常常抽烟现在不抽了，用 used to do，选 A。 23. 巨大的变化是有计划地发生，用 take place，无被动，选 B。 24. 爱迪生"发明"电灯，创造不存在的东西，用 invent，选 B。 25. show sb. sth. 给某人看某物，接双宾语，选 A。 26. 战争中受武器伤用 wound，选 C。 27. 帮忙搬运，不强调方向，用 carry，选 A。 28. 问"借多久"，接时间段，用延续性动词 keep，选 C。 29. 强调"穿上"衣服然后去派对的动作，用 put on，选 B。 30. 家庭大用 family，房子大用 house，温暖的家用 home，选 A。 31. 数学难题需要解决，用 problem，选 B。question 是需要回答的问题。 32. 一份具体的医生工作，可数名词，用 job，选 B。work 是不可数。 33. 人唱歌的嗓音用 voice，选 C。sound 泛指声音，noise 是噪音。 34. 学校的短途参观旅行用 trip，选 A。 35. 问路的方式用 way，选 C。road 和 street 指具体的路。 36. 地理意义上的国家用 country，选 A。 37. 五个人，people 本身是复数，选 A。 38. 课本中的第五课用 Lesson Five，选 B。 39. 暑假是较长的假期，用 vacation，选 B。 40. 足球是一项运动，用 sport，选 A。 41. 汽车的售价用 price，选 A。 42. 全年气候宜人，指长期气候，用 climate，选 B。 43. 楼房的第三层用 floor，选 B。 44. 修饰动词 dance 用副词 well，修饰名词 dancer 用形容词 good，选 B。 45. 形容男性英俊用 handsome，选 B。 46. 客观独自住用 alone，主观不感到孤独用 lonely，选 A。 47. 修饰 film（事物）用 interesting，修饰 we（人）用 interested，选 A。 48. 修饰 news（事物）用 exciting，修饰 everyone（人）用 excited，选 A。 49. 形容人的身高用 tall，选 B。high 不能形容人。 50. milk 不可数，要去买说明"几乎没有"，用 little（否定），选 C。 近义词辨析没有捷径，多读多记多练是唯一出路。这份手册里的80组词和50道题，建议反复看三遍：第一遍通读，理解每组词的区别；第二遍做题，检验掌握程度；第三遍只看错题，查漏补缺。考前一天再把关键区别的黄底红字部分扫一遍，上考场心里就有底了。祝中考英语旗开得胜！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $