词法篇 第2讲 第2节 形容词和副词（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦形容词和副词核心考点，涵盖句法功能（作表语、定语、状语等）与比较等级（原级、比较级、最高级），按“考点梳理-真题解析-方法提炼-分层训练”逻辑架构，通过考点分析（如词性转换规则）、方法指导（如比较级标志词“much”“even”）、真题训练（近三年高考题）等环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破难点。 讲义突出语言能力与思维品质培养，如“语法链接写作”模块将形容词名词化（如“of benefit”）、副词短语转换（如“with regret”）融入写作，设计“单句填空-语篇填空-写作应用”三级练习，配合解题思维建模（如“much修饰比较级”规律总结），确保高效复习，提升学生应试能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

第二节　形容词和副词 考点一　形容词、副词的句法功能 1．(2025·北京卷)Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick.It's (peace), especially around sunset. 解析　“is”后接形容词作表语，故填peaceful。 答案　peaceful 2．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective (function) structure that is also beautiful. 解析　空处应用形容词作定语修饰structure，故填functional，意为“功能(性)的”。 答案　functional 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 解析　空处与空前的形容词hot并列，修饰空后的名词soup作定语， 表“美味的”，填形容词tasty。 答案　tasty 4．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left wanting more next time. 解析　设空后enough为形容词，其前应用副词修饰，故填rarely “几乎不”。 答案　rarely 1．(2026·安徽马鞍山质检)Plus, they tend to lose their shape, making them even less appealing (appeal) to first­timers. 2．(2025·湖南长沙联考)With booming entertainment and cultural industries, Changsha has become a sleepless (sleep) city known for its wonderful nightlife. 3．(2025·河北石家庄联考)Typically (typical), the celebrations for the Spring Festival last for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival, to give full play to family gatherings, feasts, and various cultural activities. 4．(2025·江西师大模拟)And even though it was still functioning as a city until the mid­20th century, the Lion City has still not been completely (complete) mapped out. 考点二　形容词、副词的比较等级 1．(2025·北京卷)When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly (long). 解析　此处表示“多睡一会儿”，应用比较级longer，表示“更久”。故填longer。 答案　longer 2．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the (large) United States national park－2.2 million acres—until Wrangell­Saint Elias in southern Alaska，which became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 解析　根据空前的the及句意可知，空处应用形容词最高级，表示“最大的”。 答案　largest 3．(2022·全国甲卷)In 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's (high) mountain. 解析　根据空前Africa's可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级，故填highest。 答案　highest 4．(2022·北京卷)That's a big problem and it is getting even (bad). 解析　even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。 答案　worse 形容词和副词的比较等级分为：原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词和副词的原形。比较级和最高级的词形变化分规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1．(2026·广东深圳调研)My son has grown into a tougher (tough) and more mature young man. 2．(2025·海口高三仿真考试)The Shaanxi History Museum, one of the largest (large) museums in China, is one of the best places to see objects from ancient China. 3．Chinese audience are familiar with the pop song “Little Bliss”， but hearing it performed in angelic voices by a group of foreign children made the moment even more touching (touching). 【解题思维建模】 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2025·江西南昌高三信息卷)Through his real­time broadcasts, viewers worldwide are gaining a much (close) look at the country and its daily life. 解析　根据“much”可知，此处应用形容词close的比较级形式，表示“更近距离地”。故填closer。 答案　closer 2．According to a popular local legend, Gesala was built by fairies from heaven, and it is the (near) mysterious place to the sun. 解析　根据句意和空前的定冠词the可知，空处应该用形容词near的最高级nearest作定语，修饰名词place。故填nearest。 答案　nearest 3．At that time, when some peddlers of pig­iron passed through the mountains in Panxi, they (occasion) reported that the load was getting much heavier, and found it harder to walk. 解析　空处修饰下文的动词reported，应该用副词作状语。故填occasionally。 答案　occasionally 4．However, the industry insider points out that achieving rapid breakthroughs in a short time remains quite (demand) due to technical hurdles, such as efficiency and stability issues that need to be addressed. 解析　提示词作表语，用形容词demanding，意为“要求高的，费力的，具有挑战性的”。 答案　demanding 5．They visited the UNESCO World Heritage­listed Pingyao Ancient City, as well as historic (landmark), like Shuanglin Temple and Zhenguo Temple. 解析　考查名词的数。句意：他们参观了联合国教科文组织世界遗产平遥古城，以及双林寺、镇国寺等历史地标。由“like”后列举多个寺庙可知，空处需用复数形式。故填landmarks。 答案　landmarks 6．Later on, wax and lacquer were replaced with the more (afford) oil, and thus we have the oil­paper umbrellas that are still widely available today. 解析　此处修饰名词oil，应用形容词affordable，意为“便宜的”，作定语。 答案　affordable 7．In his youth, Liang was forced to leave home to take up various jobs to make a living.But he never gave up the art (entire). 解析　本空修饰动词短语gave up，应用副词作状语。故填entirely。 答案　entirely 8．The wooden parts such as columns and beams (横梁) were (easy) replaced or reused to make other structures as needed since they were not joined together with fasteners. 解析　这里应用副词作状语，修饰动词“replaced or reused”。故填easily。 答案　easily 9．(2025·河南郑州第一次联考)So a journey to Suzhou isn't just a physical trip, and it also benefits a (person) heart and soul. 解析　空处为名词的所有格形式，意为“人的”。故填person's。 答案　person's 10．(2026·辽宁大连模拟)During the Year of the Snake, this age­old legend sparks numerous Spring Festival cultural (event). 解析　可数名词event作宾语，有形容词numerous修饰，应用复数形式。故填events。 答案　events 11．(2025·河南开封模拟)In 1987，Wang Xiaoyun was admitted to the graduate shchool of Shandong University and studied analytic number theory with Professor Pan Chengdong, a famous mathematician.More than a year later, under the advice of the (instruct), Wang Xiaoyun transferred to cryptography. 解析　由空前的the可知应填instruct的名词形式instructor，作of的宾语。特指上一句中的Professor Pan Chengdong，用单数形式。 答案　instructor 12．(2025·山东烟台三模)The Silk Road's (influential) on Western civilization was deep and far­reaching, affecting everything from cuisine and fashion to art and scientific knowledge. 解析　由空前的名词所有格可知应填名词influence作主语，意为“影响”。 答案　influence Ⅱ.语法填空 (2026·山东济南模拟)London's food scene has witnessed an inrush not only of traditional Cantonese (广东的) restaurants but also a diverse range of regional Chinese cuisines.For decades, London's Chinatown has been closely associated with classic dishes 1. (root) in Guangdong Province, while London's Chinese food has expanded far beyond that, reflecting a much 2. (broad) cultural shift. While Cantonese­centric offerings have laid the foundation of familiarity with Chinese culinary (烹饪的) culture, the increasing variety makes it 3. big challenge for restaurants to meet local British tastes.To adapt to the trend, they manage to introduce new dishes and enhance existing ones 4. (continuous) for bettering the menu.Additionally, larger culinary schools commit to teaching authentic (地道的) Chinese cooking, 5. (strengthen) greater appreciation and mastery of the cuisine. Hotpot, a typical Chinese dish, has taken centre stage in London, described as an “adventure” 6. locals could enjoy genuine Sichuan cuisine and unfamiliar cultural experiences.Meanwhile, hearty hand­pulled noodles of Xi'an are also making waves, driven by the growing 7. (present) of Chinese customers and Londoners' appetite for authentic regional flavors. Chen Xin, the chief organizer of the 2024 London Chinese Cuisine International Development Convention, 8. (emphasize) that London was becoming a true global centre of Chinese cuisine, staying true 9. one single mission — providing Chinese customers with a taste of home and showcasing the depth of Chinese culinary culture to international 10. (diner). [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了伦敦的中国餐饮文化发展，特别是从传统的广东菜扩展到更多样化的中国地方菜系，以及如何适应本地口味和推广中国烹饪文化。 1．rooted　句意：几十年来，伦敦的唐人街一直与植根于广东的经典菜肴密切相关，而伦敦的中国菜则远远不止于此，反映了更广泛的文化转变。be rooted in“根植于”，为固定短语，classic dishes与root之间为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填rooted。 2．broader　句意同上。根据句意和much可知，用形容词比较级broader“更广泛的”作定语，修饰名词短语cultural shift。故填broader。 3．a　句意：虽然以广东菜为中心的菜肴为熟悉中国烹饪文化奠定了基础，但品种越来越多，使满足英国当地的口味成为餐馆的一个巨大的挑战。泛指“一个巨大的挑战”用不定冠词。故填a。 4．continuously　句意：为了适应这一趋势，他们不断引入新菜品并改进现有菜品以优化菜单。副词作状语修饰动词introduce以及enhance。故填continuously。 5．strengthening　句意：此外，规模更大的烹饪学校承诺教授地道的中国烹饪，加强对这种烹饪的理解和掌握。句子谓语动词是commit to，设空处用非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果。故填strengthening。 6．where　句意：火锅，一道典型的中国菜，在伦敦占据了重要地位，被描述为当地人可以享受正宗四川菜和陌生文化体验的“冒险”。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词adventure，且在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。 7．presence　句意：同时，西安的美味手拉面也引起了轰动，这得益于中国顾客的日益增多和伦敦人对正宗地方风味的喜爱。设空处需要名词作介词by的宾语。故填presence。 8．emphasized　句意：陈新，2024年伦敦中餐业国际发展峰会的首席组织者，强调伦敦正在成为真正的中国菜全球中心，始终忠于一个使命——为中国顾客提供家乡的味道，并向国际食客展示中国烹饪文化的深度。陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时。故填emphasized。 9．to　句意同上。固定短语stay true to表示“忠于”。故填to。 10．diners　句意同第8小题。diner表示“食客”，句中表示多个“食客”，用复数名词作宾语。故填diners。 Ⅲ.语法链接写作 1．形容词的名词化表达 (2024·上海卷)向他们解释为什么你想做饭，以及烹饪如何成为一项宝贵的生活技能将是有益的。 It would be of benefit to explain to them why you wish to cook and how it can be a valuable life skill. 2．副词的名词化表达 某些表示情绪的副词可以用“介词＋名词”短语表达。例如：angrily＝with anger　anxiously＝with anxiety　curiously＝with curiosity　comfortably＝in comfort　peacefully＝in peace　hurriedly＝in a hurry　joyfully＝with joy (2025·全国卷一)一想到弟弟所失去的、他经历的种种困境，以及我当初是如何加重了他的痛苦，我便满心悔恨，心如刀绞。 The moment I thought of my brother's loss, his struggles and how I had added to his pain, my heart ached with regret． 3．活用带有比较级的句型 (1)the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．.. (2023·全国乙卷)我在冰上练习得越多，我就越熟练，很快就滑得很自如了。 The more I practised skating on the ice，the more skilled I was，and I soon skated on the ice smoothly. (2)“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义 (2023·新课标Ⅰ，Ⅱ卷)没有什么比老师的鼓励更重要。没有老师的鼓励，我就不可能获奖。 Nothing is more important than my teacher's encouragement.Without it，I couldn't have won the prize. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $