UNIT 5 Section Ⅱ（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版）

**基本信息** 高中英语新授课同步练，分层递进式设计覆盖名词性从句等核心语法点，从单句到语篇实现知识巩固与语言能力提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|名词性从句引导词、基本句型转换|单句语法填空（如it作形式主语）、完成句子（如读后续写哭泣描写），强化单一知识点| |进阶层|语篇语法应用、细节信息获取|短文语法填空（有机食品主题）、阅读理解（地球日/水资源），培养语境分析与信息提取能力| |综合层|语篇结构、语法综合运用|七选五（垂直农业）、新闻语法填空（西藏秋收），提升逻辑思维与语篇整合能力|

Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It is obvious that holding this activity is very meaningful to us. 2．What I want to say is that exercise is as useful and important as your study. 3．It is worrying that long time on the cellphone and being lazy put their health in bad condition. 4．It is a great pity that a famous host died of cancer at the age of fifty. 5．It is suggested that the meeting should be put off because of the bad weather. 6．What I'm concerned about most is whether we can collect a huge amount of information in such a short time. 7．Whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 8．It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel. 9．That he will come to our village tomorrow surprises us all. 10．When he will come back from Canada isn't known, so I will call him up to check the exact time. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．众所周知， 我们可以从打乒乓球中得到很多益处。 It is known that we can benefit a lot from playing table tennis. 2．正如你所知，我们将要做的事是尽快解决这个问题。 As you know，what we'll do is tackle the problem quickly. 3．他们所做的事情深深地感动了我们，我们的泪水止不住地往下流。(读后续写之哭泣描写) What they had done deeply moved us，our tears rolling down without control. 4．吃绿色蔬菜有助于增强体力，这一点已经得到证实。 It has been proved that eating green vegetables contributes to building up strength. 5．他们什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。 When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet. 6．你将要来伦敦是这么长时间以来我听到的最好的消息。 That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 7．她在会上所说的话对公司的发展非常重要。 What she said at the meeting is of great importance to the development of the company. 8．我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。 Where I spend my summer vacation is none of your business. Ⅲ.语法填空(用适当的引导词完成下面的短文) It remains unknown 1.whether organic food is really better for people. I have searched long and it's hard to find the answer. But I couldn't find any scientific studies to prove or disprove 2.that organic food is better.3.What makes organic products popular is that they are free from the chemicals used on conventionally grown products. So, I turned my attention to these chemicals. Most reports claim that these chemicals, 4.if handled properly and used in small amounts, are not dangerous to humans. Although pesticides can be beneficial to society, they can also pose risks to human health and the environment if they are improperly handled.5.That children are easily harmed by pesticide exposure is widely accepted. The effects of exposure to pesticides including poisoning, eye damage and so on. So, 6.what I've found is that there is no evidence that these chemicals can cause serious health problems when handled properly. There is no evidence that they can't either. In fact, it is true 7.that we have to make our own decisions whether to buy organic food or not. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·辽宁大连期中)The founder of Earth Day was Gaylord Nelson, then a U．S.Senator (参议员)．During the late 1960s, Americans experienced the unexpected side effects of high productivity of industry.Factories were giving out smoke while leaded petrol were used for vehicles, making air pollution increasingly severe. What moved Senator Nelson to action was the 1969 massive oil spill (溢出) in California, which had killed about 3，500 sea birds, besides sea animals like dolphins and seals, causing great public anger.Inspired by the student antiwar movement at that time, Nelson found it a proper time to channel the energy of the students towards a fight for environmental protection.And the sure­fire way was through public pressure.Thus Earth Day was born in 1970, and public environmental awareness took center stage. On 22nd April 1970, millions of Americans took to the streets to demonstrate for a sustainable environment and thousands of students marched against the worsening environment.Different groups were now working together for a shared goal—environmental conservation and the effort became effective.The government took tougher measures and affected businesses were forced to follow standards. As environmental issues were not just localized ones but a global concern, the year 1990 saw Earth Day reach out to many more around the world.Earth Day 1990 helped pave the way for the 1992 United Nations Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, bringing together many nations for a joint effort towards protecting the environment. For his role as founder of Earth Day, Senator Nelson was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom (1995), the highest honour in the USA, by then US President Clinton.We salute (致敬) the man, as the fight for cleaner environment continues. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了地球日创始人盖洛德•尼尔森创办地球日的由来，以及为提高公众保护环境意识、为保护地球所作出的贡献。 1．What motivated Senator Nelson to start Earth Day? A．High productivity of industry. B．Increasingly severe air pollution. C．The 1969 oil spill in the USA. D．The students' involvement in war. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“What moved Senator Nelson to action was the 1969 massive oil spill in California”可知，1969年美国加州的石油泄漏事件促使参议员尼尔森采取行动创办了地球日。故选C。 2．What played an essential role in the birth of Earth Day? A．Students' movement. B．Strict regulations. C．Government's measures. D．Public pressure. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“And the sure­fire way was through public pressure.Thus Earth Day was born in 1970, and public environmental awareness took center stage.”可知，在地球日的诞生过程中，公众压力起到了至关重要的作用。故选D。 3．In which year did Earth Day start to draw the world's attention? A．1970. B．1990. C．1992. D．1995. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“As environmental issues were not just localized ones but a global concern, the year 1990 saw Earth Day reach out to many more around the world.”可知，地球日在1990年开始引起全世界的关注。故选B。 4．What's the main idea of the passage? A．The establishment of Earth Day. B．The effort of going green globally. C．Fighting for cleaner environment. D．Honoring the founder of Earth Day. 解析　D　主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了地球日创始人盖洛德•尼尔森创办地球日的由来，以及为共同努力保护环境所作出的贡献；由此可知，本文的主旨是纪念地球日的创始人Gaylord Nelson，D项“纪念地球日的创始人”符合本文主旨。故选D。 B About 4 billion people already experience water shortage for at least one month a year and this number could double by 2050, according to a 2024 study.Yet progress on water­shortage targets under the UN Sustainable Development Goals is off track.Professor Guenther, director of the UN University's Institute, says that water shortage has largely been invisible to policymakers. Fortunately, many technologies to make better use of water resources are developing.These include technologies to improve the efficiency of typically energy­intensive desalination (海水的脱盐) plants, and the improved biological treatment processes that effectively double the capacity of wastewater treatment plants to increase the water available for industrial and agricultural use. Investment has not always been available for water resource solutions.The water sector is a $500 billion marketplace, representing a huge opportunity for investors.But investing in this area requires a willingness to wait for returns in the longer term. Investment in new technologies is not the only answer, says Brooke, co­editor of Unconventional Water Resources, a book published by the UN earlier this year to urge the use of various and plentiful resources that until now have not received much attention.These range from the millions of cubic kilometers of water in deep land­based and seabed aquifers (含水层), and in fog and icebergs, to reusing water from the ballast holds (压载舱) of thousands of ships for agriculture. “It is a human approach to think that sufficient technology will address the problem.But if there's no rain, if the groundwater level gets lower and lower, if we cannot dig deeper, and there is no option for desalination, this is when we start thinking，” says Brooke.“But by then it's very often too late.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕全球水资源短缺问题展开，介绍了当前水资源短缺的现状、相关技术发展、投资困境，并强调了寻找替代水资源的重要性，最后发出警示。 5．What causes the slow progress on water­shortage solutions according to Guenther? A．Insufficient funds. B．The lack of effective policies. C．Outdated technology. D．The rise of global warming. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Professor Guenther, director of the UN University's Institute, says that water shortage has largely been invisible to policymakers.”可知，冈瑟认为水资源短缺解决方案进展缓慢的原因是缺乏有效的政策(政策制定者未重视)。故选B。 6．What stops investors from investing in the water sector? A．The limited market. B．The long profit cycle. C．The high investment risk. D．The large initial investment. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But investing in this area requires a willingness to wait for returns in the longer term.”可知，水行业投资需要长期等待回报，即利润周期长，这是阻止投资者的原因。故选B。 7．Which measure did the UN suggest taking earlier this year? A．Promoting water use efficiency. B．Improving wastewater treatment. C．Building more desalination plants. D．Seeking alternative water resources. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“the UN earlier this year to urge the use of various and plentiful resources that until now have not received much attention.”可知，联合国今年早些时候建议寻找替代水资源(非常规水资源)。故选D。 8．What does the last paragraph mainly convey? A．To issue a warning. B．To launch an appeal. C．To make a prediction. D．To highlight an approach. 解析　A　段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，该段主要是发出警示：需及时应对水资源短缺问题，否则将错失解决时机。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 In cities across the globe, up to a quarter of office buildings are unoccupied, along with other urban properties, from storage to abandoned skyscrapers.To put this space to use, many cities are transforming empty buildings for other uses.__1__ Just as the name suggests, vertical (垂直的) farming is the practice of growing crops in layers as opposed to traditional horizontal rows.These layers are often placed in spaces unfit for farming, but now we can grow crops there due to advanced agricultural methods.__2__ However, thanks to technology, artificial light, and controlled temperatures and humidity, office spaces have proved to be great environments for farming. __3__ It dates back to over 2，000 years ago with the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.Modern vertical farming simply began as an experiment in 1999, focusing on growing food on the rooftops of Manhattan.Their work eventually transformed into using high­rise buildings as vertical farms to feed thousands of people in a sustainable manner.Vertical farming is now a $6 billion industry. The main benefit of vertical farming is that it maximizes the yield of crops by efficiently using space.__4__ It is made possible by their controlled environments and soilless agriculture methods like hydroponics (水培法).Hydroponics allows plants to grow in a water­based solution rather than soil, saving water.In fact, hydroponic systems only require 10% of the water of a traditional field. Despite being untraditional, vertical farms produce over 50 types of plants, ranging from leafy greens and herbs to experimental fruits and more！__5__ The reason lies in that they are capable of growing a variety of produce at all times and providing people with local fresh foods at affordable prices. A．Vertical farming has a rich history. B．One solution is indoor vertical farming. C．The practice isn't as simple as it sounds. D．Most vertical farms can grow all year round. E．That said, vertical farming will replace traditional agriculture soon. F．Despite the benefits, the method also comes with considerable downsides. G．This diversity and consistent output help address a critical urban issue: food deserts. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了城市中利用空置建筑发展垂直农业的相关情况。 1．解析　B　前文提出“改造空置建筑”的需求，此空需承接该需求，给出具体的改造方向。B选项“其中一种解决方案是室内垂直农业”符合语境。故选B。 2．解析　C　根据上下文可知，空处需先说明垂直农业的实施难度。C选项“这种做法并不像听起来那么简单”符合语境。故选C。 3．解析　A　后文通过“古代”与“现代”的案例，介绍了垂直农业的发展历程，此空需概括“垂直农业有悠久历史”这一核心。A选项“垂直农业有着丰富的历史”符合语境。故选A。 4．解析　D　根据上下文可知，空处需补充垂直农业的另一优势，且该优势需与“可控环境、无土栽培”相关。D选项“大多数垂直农场可以全年种植”符合语境。故选D。 5．解析　G　根据上下文可知，空处需承接“种植多样性”与“全年种植”的特点，说明其对城市的具体作用。G选项“这种多样性和稳定的产量有助于解决一个关键的城市问题：食物沙漠”符合语境。故选G。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Despite an unusually wet season in certain high­altitude (高海拔的) areas, the autumn harvest in the Xizang Autonomous Region is almost complete.According to Xizang Daily, more than 96 percent of the region's grains 1.________ (harvest) last week. Chen Yisheng, an official from the regional agriculture and rural affairs department, told 2.________ newspaper, “In some high­altitude areas, there was more rainfall than usual, 3.________ affected the growth and harvest of key crops such as highland barley.” “The region's agricultural and rural authorities planned ahead, arranging for agricultural experts to guide farmers to quickly harvest and dry crops in the fields.Agricultural machinery was also used 4.________ (improve) the efficiency of the autumn harvest and reduce losses 5.________ (cause) by the weather，” Chen said.These 6.________ (effort) have helped most farming areas finish harvesting ahead of the expected cold period. This year, the government provided farmers 7.________ over 600 million yuan in agricultural financial support, which funded measures such as protecting farmland soil 8.________ buying agricultural machinery. “9.________ (current), the harvested highland barley, wheat, and other grains are being dried and stored.Given the progress of the autumn harvest, this 10.________ (year) total grain output is expected to remain at its usual level of over 1.1 million metric tons，” Chen added. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了西藏自治区尽管部分高海拔地区降雨异常多，但秋收仍接近完成，且预计粮食总产量保持稳定。 1．解析　were harvested　考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语last week可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，且主语grains和harvest之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数。故填were harvested。 2．解析　the　考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的“Xizang Daily”，应用定冠词。故填the。 3．解析　which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。 4．解析　to improve　考查非谓语动词。be used to do sth为固定用法，意为“被用来做某事”。故填to improve。 5．解析　caused　考查非谓语动词。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词losses，cause和losses之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填caused。 6．解析　efforts　考查名词复数。由These可知，应用名词复数形式。故填efforts。 7．解析　with　考查介词。provide sb with sth为固定搭配，意为“为某人提供某物”。故填with。 8．解析　and　考查连词。protecting farmland soil和buying agricultural machinery之间是并列关系。故填and。 9．解析　Currently　考查副词。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词，作状语，意为“目前”，句首单词，首字母应大写。故填Currently。 10．解析　year's　考查名词所有格。空处修饰名词短语total grain output，应用名词所有格形式，表示“今年的粮食总产量”。故填year's。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $