Unit 5 Revealing Nature 语法Grammar 过去完成时 专练-2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦过去完成时“过去的过去”核心概念，通过分层题型构建从基础到应用的训练体系，提升语言运用的准确性与情境适应性。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|30题|动词时态填空，含间接引语、时间状语从句（by the time/before）、固定句型（It was the...time that...）|以“动作先后时序”为核心，串联时间标志词识别与时态判定逻辑| |完成句子|10题|汉译英与情境补全，涉及“刚...就...”等复杂语境|从语法规则到语用表达，构建“概念理解-情境分析-语言输出”的应用链条|

Unit 5 Revealing Nature 过去完成时练习 一、单句语法填空 1．I was really excited to hear that I (win) the competition for designing the new ￡1 coin but hugely shocked as well. 2．She said that she (finish) her homework before nine o’clock the night before. 3．I (plan) to visit you, but I was too busy last week. 4．By the time I walked into the bookstore, my friend (buy) the last copy of that novel. 5．The old man (live) in that small village for over thirty years before he moved to the city. 6．The little boy said happily that he (win) first place in the math competition the week before. 7．The scientist (anticipate) the potential risks of the experiment long before he started the research. 8．We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town, (donate) what we could, and rented a place to store our supposedly important objects. 9．For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had (assume) that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories. 10．The team said they (develop) the ultrablack in a laboratory, before making it into a dye to colour cloth. 11．When Mr. and Mrs. Green got home, Kevin went to talk to them. He explained how he (witness) the strange man entering their house and how he was arrested. 12．She said she (nurse) her father in the hospital since she came back. 13．By the end of last year, Sally (lay) aside enough money for her volunteer trip to rural areas. 14．By the early years of this century, the population of elephants (fall) dramatically from about 2,000 to 500. 15．By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31, he (collect) a total of 23 golds, three silvers and two bronzes at the Olympics, a record that looks unlikely to be broken for many years to come. 16．It took me a long time before I had a chance to appreciate what they (do) for me. 17．I had no difficulty finding Ann’s house because she (give) us clear directions before. 18．By the end of the 19th century, the British Empire (dominate) global trade for nearly a century. 19．The population of Chinese people on the mainland aged 60 or above (reach) 264.02 million, including 190.64 million people aged 65 or above, or 13.5 percent of the total population, according to data from the seventh national census released in 2021. 20．But they weren’t there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, (arrive) with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!” 21．Deputy Mayor of Waipa District Council, Liz Stolwyk noted that this was the third time that Waipa people (attend) both exhibitions. 22．The government   (announce) the setting up of several special funds by the end of last year. 23．The news reported that by the end of last year, the number of 5G base stations in China (increase) to over 3 million. 24．By contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally (work) as a doctor. 25．It was the second time that Jim (annoy) his mother because of his rudeness. 26．It was the third time that month that my grandma (forget) something important. 27．After I (picture) it over and over again in my mind, the big day finally arrived. 28．After the hurricane, Mary saw that the roof of her house (disappear). 29．The bill he (oppose) since he took office was eventually passed, resulting in more young men being recruited into the army. 30．He said the team (experiment) with different types of food products, but the models they got weren't as successful. 二、完成句子 31．他说他从未去过那座古城。 He said he ________ never ________ to that ancient city. 32．妈妈打电话给我时，我刚通过一个收费站。 When my mom called me, I ________________ a toll station. 33．We _________________ the marine life so close. 我们从未如此近距离地看到海洋生物。 34．She ________ her homework ________ the phone rang suddenly. 她刚做完作业，这时电话突然响了。 35．He was disappointed to see the car he ________________ went wrong again. 他看到请人修理的车又坏了很是失望。 36．________________, he still influenced me. 无论我多么努力地反抗他，他仍然影响着我。 37．She stayed in bed __________________________. 她遵照医嘱卧床休息。 38．We _________________ when the fire ________________ 我们刚做完作业，就在此时火灾发生了。 39．他刚冲出去房子就塌了。 No sooner _____________________  the house fell down. 40．我很惊讶他能想出这么好的主意。 I was amazed that he’d________________such a sweet idea. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Revealing Nature 过去完成时练习 一、单句语法填空 1．I was really excited to hear that I (win) the competition for designing the new ￡1 coin but hugely shocked as well. 【答案】had won 【详解】句意：听说自己赢得了设计新1英镑硬币大赛的冠军，我真的非常兴奋，但同时也大为震惊。本句中“赢得比赛”发生在“感到兴奋”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，从句谓语用had won。 2．She said that she (finish) her homework before nine o’clock the night before. 【答案】had finished 【详解】句意：她说她前一天晚上九点前就已经完成作业了。主句said为一般过去时，从句中before nine o’clock the night before对应昨晚九点之前，动作发生在said之前，故用过去完成时。 3．I (plan) to visit you, but I was too busy last week. 【答案】had planned 【详解】句意：我本打算去拜访你，但上周太忙了。根据下文的but I was too busy last week可知，空格处要表达的是“本打算做某事”，应该用had done形式，所以填had planned。 4．By the time I walked into the bookstore, my friend (buy) the last copy of that novel. 【答案】had bought 【详解】句意：我走进书店时，我的朋友已经买走了那本小说的最后一本。根据 By the time引导的时间状语从句用了一般过去时，主句动作“买”发生在“走进”之前，故用过去完成时，buy的过去分词为bought。 5．The old man (live) in that small village for over thirty years before he moved to the city. 【答案】had lived 【详解】句意：这位老人在搬到城市之前，已经在那个小村庄里住了三十多年。moved是过去的动作，live这个动作发生在moved这个过去动作之前，属于“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时，谓语用had lived。 6．The little boy said happily that he (win) first place in the math competition the week before. 【答案】had won 【详解】句意：这个小男孩开心地说，他在前一周的数学竞赛中获得了第一名。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，“赢得第一名”发生在said之前，用过去完成时表示过去的过去。 7．The scientist (anticipate) the potential risks of the experiment long before he started the research. 【答案】had anticipated 【详解】句意：这位科学家早在开展研究之前就预料到了这项实验的潜在风险。空处为主句谓语动词，且“预料”发生在过去的动作“开始”之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。 8．We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town, (donate) what we could, and rented a place to store our supposedly important objects. 【答案】donated 【详解】句意：我们敲定了要搬进城里公寓的主要物品，捐出了我们力所能及的东西，还租了一处地方存放那些我们自认贵重的物件。句中空处和decided和rented是三个并列的过去分词，并列谓语共用一个助动词had，构成过去完成时，因此用donate的过去分词donated。 9．For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had (assume) that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories. 【答案】assumed 【详解】句意：这个“图书室”开张后的好几个月里，我都懒得去看上一眼，因为我原本以为里面堆满了狗血爱情小说。主句didn’t bother为一般过去时，“认为、设想”这个动作发生在“懒得去看”之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时had + 过去分词assumed。 10．The team said they (develop) the ultrablack in a laboratory, before making it into a dye to colour cloth. 【答案】had developed 【详解】句意：该团队表示，他们在实验室研发出这种超黑材料，之后再将其制成染料给布料上色。 主句谓语said为一般过去时，“研发超黑材料”发生在“说”这个动作之前，属于过去的过去，用过去完成时had developed。 11．When Mr. and Mrs. Green got home, Kevin went to talk to them. He explained how he (witness) the strange man entering their house and how he was arrested. 【答案】had witnessed 【详解】句意：当格林夫妇回到家时，凯文便去找他们谈话。他讲述了自己是如何目睹那个陌生男子闯入他们家的，以及那个陌生男子是如何被逮捕的。此处从句的动作发生在explained之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时，即had witnessed“见证，目睹”。 12．She said she (nurse) her father in the hospital since she came back. 【答案】had nursed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她说自从她回来后，就一直在医院照顾她的父亲。主句谓语动词said为一般过去时，从句动作从过去开始并持续到过去另一时间，且有since引导时间状语，所以此处为过去完成时。故填had nursed。 13．By the end of last year, Sally (lay) aside enough money for her volunteer trip to rural areas. 【答案】had laid 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到去年年底，萨莉已经为她去农村地区的志愿者之旅存了足够的钱。空处作谓语，结合“By the end of last year”可知，此处描述的是过去的某一时间节点前发生的事，即过去的过去，时态应用过去完成时。故填had laid。 14．By the early years of this century, the population of elephants (fall) dramatically from about 2,000 to 500. 【答案】had fallen 【详解】考查时态。句意：到本世纪初，大象的数量已经从大约2000头急剧下降到500头。fall“下降”。根据“By the early years of this century”可知，时态用过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，谓语用had fallen。故填had fallen。 15．By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31, he (collect) a total of 23 golds, three silvers and two bronzes at the Olympics, a record that looks unlikely to be broken for many years to come. 【答案】had collected 【详解】考查时态。句意：迈克尔·菲尔普斯在31岁时退役时，已经在奥运会上共获得23枚金牌、3枚银牌和2枚铜牌，这一成绩在未来很长一段时间内都很难被打破。根据上文By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31可知表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had collected。 16．It took me a long time before I had a chance to appreciate what they (do) for me. 【答案】had done 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：过了很长一段时间，我才有机会感激他们为我所做的一切。分析句子可知，设空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，“他们为我做的事”发生在“我有机会感激”之前，“had a chance”是过去的动作，所以“他们做的事”应用过去完成时，其结构为“had+过去分词”，“do”的过去分词是“done”。故填had done。 17．I had no difficulty finding Ann’s house because she (give) us clear directions before. 【答案】had given 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我毫不费力地找到了安的家，因为她以前给过我们明确的指示。此处是从句的谓语动词，根据主句时态“had”以及语境可知，“她给过我们明确的指示”这一动作发生在“我找到Ann的家（主句动作）”之前，即“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时，其结构是“had + 过去分词”，give的过去分词是given，故填had given。 18．By the end of the 19th century, the British Empire (dominate) global trade for nearly a century. 【答案】had dominated 【详解】考查时态。句意：到19世纪末，大英帝国已经掌控全球贸易近一个世纪之久。根据上文By the end of the 19th century可知表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had dominated。 19．The population of Chinese people on the mainland aged 60 or above (reach) 264.02 million, including 190.64 million people aged 65 or above, or 13.5 percent of the total population, according to data from the seventh national census released in 2021. 【答案】had reached 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：根据2021年发布的第七次全国人口普查数据，中国大陆60岁及以上人口已达2.6402亿，其中65岁及以上人口1.9064亿，占总人口的13.5%。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“according to data from the seventh national census released in 2021”可知，此处描述的是在过去某个时间(2021年发布数据时)之前已经完成的动作，即60岁及以上人口数量已经达到2.6402亿，所以应该使用过去完成时，其结构为had+动词的过去分词。故填had reached。 20．But they weren’t there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, (arrive) with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!” 【答案】had arrived 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：但他们不是来向穿皮草的电影明星泼红漆的。相反，一名身穿全套猴子服装的活动人士带着一块牌子来了，牌子上赞扬电影制作人：“感谢不用真正的猿！”。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语动词，结合语境和前文的weren’t可知，“到达”这一动作发生在过去的过去，即“他们不是来泼红漆”之前，应用过去完成时，主语one activist为单数，助动词用had。故填had arrived。 21．Deputy Mayor of Waipa District Council, Liz Stolwyk noted that this was the third time that Waipa people (attend) both exhibitions. 【答案】had attended 【详解】考查时态。句意：怀帕区议会副市长Liz Stolwyk指出，这是怀帕居民第三次参加这两个展览。此处为固定句型“it/this was the first/second/third… time that从句”，意为“这是第一次/二次/三次……”，从句用过去完成时。故填had attended。 22．The government   (announce) the setting up of several special funds by the end of last year. 【答案】had announced 【详解】考查时态。句意：到去年年底，政府宣布设立若干专项基金。根据时间状语 by the end of last year可知，此处强调动作在过去某个时间之前已经完成，应用过去完成时。故填had announced。 23．The news reported that by the end of last year, the number of 5G base stations in China (increase) to over 3 million. 【答案】had increased 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：该新闻报道称，截至去年年底，中国的5G基站数量已增加到300多万个。“by the end of + 过去时间”是过去完成时的标志，表示在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。句中“by the end of last year”表示到去年年底，是一个过去的时间点，“increase”这个动作在去年年底之前就已经完成，所以要用过去完成时，其结构为“had + 过去分词”，increase 的过去分词是increased。故填had increased。 24．By contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally (work) as a doctor. 【答案】worked 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：相比之下，1859年出生于苏格兰的年轻的Arthur Conan Doyle，最初曾是一名医生。根据空前had originally及句意可知，这里表示在过去某个动作或时间之前已经完成的动作，应用过去完成时had done，work的过去分词是worked。故填worked。 25．It was the second time that Jim (annoy) his mother because of his rudeness. 【答案】had annoyed 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是吉姆第二次因为粗鲁而惹他母亲生气。It was the + 序数词 + time + that 从句，从句要用过去完成时，结构为“had + 过去分词”。故填had annoyed。 26．It was the third time that month that my grandma (forget) something important. 【答案】had forgotten 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是那个月我奶奶第三次忘记重要的事情了。“It was the+序数词+time that sb. had done sth.”是固定句型，意为“这是某人第几次做某事了”，因此空格处用过去完成时had forgotten，故填had forgotten。 27．After I (picture) it over and over again in my mind, the big day finally arrived. 【答案】had pictured 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在我脑海中一遍又一遍地想象之后，重要的一天终于到来了。句子主句the big day finally arrived使用了一般过去时态，表示“终于到来”，而时间状语从句的谓语动词picture发生在主句谓语动词arrived之前，描述的是在“到来”之前反复想象的动作，因此需要用过去完成时态，表示在过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作。故填had pictured。 28．After the hurricane, Mary saw that the roof of her house (disappear). 【答案】had disappeared 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：飓风过后，玛丽发现她家的屋顶不见了。that引导宾语从句，saw表示主句为一般过去时，从句的事情表示过去的过去已经完成，用过去完成时。故填had disappeared。 29．The bill he (oppose) since he took office was eventually passed, resulting in more young men being recruited into the army. 【答案】had opposed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他上任以来一直反对的法案最终获得通过，导致更多年轻人被招募入伍。分析句子可知，设空处是句子的谓语部分，根据时间状语since he took office可知，应使用完成时，根据主句的谓语动词was，可知，此处表示过去的过去，应使用过去完成时。故填had opposed。 30．He said the team (experiment) with different types of food products, but the models they got weren't as successful. 【答案】had experimented 【详解】考查时态。句意：他说，该团队已经试验了不同类型的食品，但他们得到的模型并不成功。这里为从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语said可知，从句时态为过去完成时。故填had experimented。 二、完成句子 31．他说他从未去过那座古城。 He said he ________ never ________ to that ancient city. 【答案】 had been 【详解】表示“去过某地”可用have been to，主句谓语动词said为一般过去时，宾语从句中“从未去过”表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，其结构为had+过去分词，因此两空分别填had和been。 32．妈妈打电话给我时，我刚通过一个收费站。 When my mom called me, I ________________ a toll station. 【答案】had just gone through 【详解】句意：妈妈打电话给我时，我刚通过一个收费站。“通过收费站”用“go through a toll station”，且“刚通过”表示动作发生在“妈妈打电话”(过去时间)之前，应用过去完成时“had done”，即“had just gone through”，just意为“刚刚”。 33．We _________________ the marine life so close. 我们从未如此近距离地看到海洋生物。 【答案】had never seen 【详解】考查时态。“看到”用动词see，“从未看到”这一动作发生在“看到此次如此近距离的海洋生物”之前，为“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，see的过去分词为seen，“从未”用副词never，置于助动词had之后。故填had never seen。 34．She ________ her homework ________ the phone rang suddenly. 她刚做完作业，这时电话突然响了。 【答案】 had just finished when 【详解】考查固定句型及动词时态。根据句意，此处表示“刚做完……这时……”，常用固定句型“had just done...when...”，表示一个动作刚完成，另一个动作突然发生，表示“完成”用动词finish，结合句型，第一空需用过去完成时had just finished；第二空用连词when。故填①had just finished②when。 35．He was disappointed to see the car he ________________ went wrong again. 他看到请人修理的车又坏了很是失望。 【答案】had had/got repaired 【详解】考查过去完成时和固定搭配。根据句意可知，“have/get sth. repaired”为固定搭配，意为“请人修理某物”，句中“he ______”为定语从句，修饰先行词“the car”，从句动作“请人修理”发生在主句动作“went wrong”之前，“went wrong”为一般过去时，故从句应用过去完成时，结构为“had + 过去分词”。故填had had/got repaired。 36．________________, he still influenced me. 无论我多么努力地反抗他，他仍然影响着我。 【答案】No matter how much I had tried to resist him 【详解】考查状语从句。表示“无论多么”，引导让步状语从句，用no matter how much；主语为I；表示“努力做某事”用try to do sth.，发生在过去的过去用过去完成时；表示“反抗”用动词resist，him作宾语。故填No matter how much I had tried to resist him。 37．She stayed in bed __________________________. 她遵照医嘱卧床休息。 【答案】as the doctor had told her 【详解】考查名词、动词和方式状语从句。根据中文提示可知，空处表示“遵照医嘱”，即“按照医生吩咐她的”，可用意为“按照”的从属连词as引导方式状语从句，结合“stayed”可知，从句描述的行为发生在过去的过去，时态应用过去完成时，从句的主语“医生”用名词the doctor，谓语“吩咐”可用动词had told，宾语“她”用代词her。故填as the doctor had told her。 38．We _________________ when the fire ________________ 我们刚做完作业，就在此时火灾发生了。 【答案】 had just finished our homework broke out 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“做完作业”应用动词短语finish one’s homework，表示“（灾难、不幸）发生”应用动词短语break out，作时间状语从句的谓语动词，表示“刚刚做完某事这时……”应用固定句型sb had just done...when...，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。故空①答案为had just finished our homework，空②答案为broke out。 39．他刚冲出去房子就塌了。 No sooner _____________________  the house fell down. 【答案】had he rushed out than 【详解】考查时态和固定句型。“刚……就……”为固定句型no sooner...than...，no sooner引导的主句用过去完成时，than引导的句子用一般过去时，且no sooner位于句首，该部分用部分倒装，即将助动词had提到主语前面，“冲出去”为rush out，故填had he rushed out than。 40．我很惊讶他能想出这么好的主意。 I was amazed that he’d________________such a sweet idea. 【答案】come up with 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“想出”，是固定短语come up with，由he’d可知，that从句中的时态是过去完成时，因此空格处的动词用过去分词，因此空格处是come up with。故填come up with。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $