Unit 1 welcome 教材考点笔记2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦8A U1“友谊”主题，涵盖friendship、honest等13个核心词汇及make使役句型，从词汇含义出发，通过词形拓展（如-ship后缀、un-前缀）、搭配辨析（如humour与fun）构建“词汇-拓展-句型”学习支架。 资料以教材语境为依托，通过词形归纳（如honest→honesty）、近义辨析（如true与truthful）及考点训练（如make用法填空）提升语言能力，辨析对比培养思维品质，归纳总结助力学习能力，课中辅助教师授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

8A U1 welcome 教材考点笔记 必背单词 1.friendship n.友谊 2.honest adj.诚实的，正直的 3.cheerful adj.快乐的；乐观的 4.humorous adj.幽默的 5.*caring adj.关心他人的，体贴人的 6.truth n.事实 7.joke n.笑话，玩笑 8.laugh vi.&vt.笑，发笑 9.*teenager n.青少年 10.unhappy adj.不开心的 11.lie vi.撒谎 12.person n.人，个人 13.thought n.想法，主意 考点词汇及重难点句型全解 1.friendship n.友谊 [教材语境] Friendships enrich our lives. 友谊丰富我们的生活。 Friendship is an important part of our lives. 友谊是我们生活中不可或缺的一部分。 [考点精析] ◆keep their friendship 保持他们的友谊 归纳拓展：后缀-ship加在名词后面，表示某种关系。 常见词有：relationship 关系； leadership 领导力； membership 成员资格；ownership 所有权。 →friend n.朋友； ◆one of my good friends ◆make friends with sb. [教材语境] What makes good friends? What makes your friend so special? What do you think makes good friends, boys and girls? →friendly adj.友好的 ◆be friendly to sb. = be kind/nice/good to sb. 对某人友好 2.honest adj. 诚实的；正直的 ◆to be honest 说实话；说实在的 ◆an honest child 一个诚实的孩子 [教材语境] They should also be honest. ·An honest person always tells the truth. 一个诚实的人总是说实话。 →(反义词) dishonest adj. 不诚实的；骗人的 →honestly adv. 公正地；真诚地 ·She spoke honestly about her mistakes. 她诚实地承认了自己的错误。 →honesty◆ n. 诚实，正直 ·Honesty is the best policy in any relationship. 在任何关系中，诚实都是上策。 3.cheerful adj.快乐的；乐观的 ·She has a cheerful smile and bright eyes. 她有灿烂的笑容和明亮的眼睛。 →cheer v.喝彩；欢呼；加油 →cheer n.喝彩；欢呼； ◆cheer for sb. 为某人喝彩、加油； ◆cheer sb.up 使某人振作 ◆cheer for 喝彩、加油； ◆cheer up 振作起来 ·Let's cheer for our team! 让我们为我们的团队加油! ·Cheer up!The weather will improve soon. 振作起来!天气很快就会好转。 →cheerfully adv.兴高采烈地 4.humorous adj.幽默的 ·How humorous Tom is!I never feel bored with him. 汤姆多么幽默啊!我和他在一起从不觉得无聊。 ·My father told me a humorous story last night. 昨晚我爸爸给我讲了一个幽默的故事。 →humour n.幽默 ◆sense of humour 幽默感 ◆a good sense of humour ◆full of humour 充满幽默； ◆sense of humour 幽默感； ◆black humour 黑色幽默 ·Daniel has a good sense of humour.He often makes us laugh. 丹尼尔很有幽默感。他经常逗我们笑。 ·The book uses black humour to deal with serious topics. 这本书用黑色幽默探讨严肃话题。 →humourless adj.无趣的 ·The storybook is humourless.I can't find any interesting parts in it. 这本故事书毫无趣味。我在里面找不到任何有趣的部分。 [常考辨析] humour，fun humour 强调通过语言或行为制造的幽默感(如笑话、喜剧); fun 强调娱乐性或乐趣(如游戏、活动)。 [一语辨异] His writing is full of humour,which makes reading his articles a lot of fun. 他的写作充满幽默，这使得读他的文章趣味十足。 5.*caring adj.关心他人的，体贴人的 [教材语境] Well, I think good friends should be kind and caring. ·Mr Wilson is a caring man.He took good care of my pet cat while I was away. 威尔逊先生是个体贴人的人。在我外出期间，他悉心照料我的宠物猫。 ·My mother is very caring.She always prepares delicious meals for me and helps me with my problems.我的妈妈很体贴人。她总是为我准备美味的饭菜，还帮我解决问题。 →care vi.&vt.关心，关注，在意 →care [U] n.小心；照料，照顾 ◆care about 关心，关怀；在意 ◆care for 关心；照顾；喜欢 ◆take care 当心；保重 ◆take care of = look after = care for 照顾 ◆take care of sb./sth. 照顾，照料某人/某物 ☆Take care! = Be careful! 小心! →careful adj.仔细的，认真的；小心的 →(反义词)careless adj.粗心的 ◆can’t be too careful◆ 再小心也不为过/过分 ◆be careful with sth. 小心某物 ·Make sure you are safe first and be careful while riding on the road! 首先确保你是安全的，并且在路上骑行时要小心! →carelessness n.粗心 →carefully adv.仔细地，认真地；小心地 ◆listen carefully 仔细听 ◆look carefully for sth. 仔细寻找某物 →(反义词)carelessly◆ adv.粗心地；满不在乎地 6.truth◆ n.事实；真相；真理 ◆to tell the truth 说实话，老实说 ◆tell the truth 说实话 ·The truth is that everyone makes mistakes. 真相是每个人都会犯错。 ·Always tell the truth,even if it hurts. 即使痛苦，也要永远说实话。 →true adj.确实的；的确 ◆come true 实现；成为现实 ·This documentary shows the true story of the event. 这部纪录片展现了事件的真实情况。 →truly◆ adv.确实；的确；真实地；真诚的；正确地；确切地 ·She was truly surprised. 她确实感到惊讶。 →truthful adj.诚实的；真诚的 ·A truthful person always keeps his promises. 诚实的人总是遵守诺言。 [常考辨析] true 与 truthful 词形 侧重含义 常见搭配 true 事实正确，真实客观 come true，true story truthful 为人诚实，坦率主观 truthful person，truthful eyes 7.unhappy adj.不快乐的,悲伤的 [教材语境] They support you when you are unhappy. ◆feel/look unhappy 感到/看上去不高兴； ·She looks unhappy today. 她今天看起来不开心。 ◆unhappy with…. 对……不满意； ·I'm unhappy with your answer. 我对你的回答不满意。 ◆unhappy about...为……担忧/难过； ·He's unhappy about the bad news. 听到坏消息，他很难过。 ◆unhappy to do sth.不愿意做某事。 ·She was unhappy to leave her friends. 她不愿离开她的朋友们。 [考点拓展] “前缀 un-+形容词”表示与该形容词相反的意义。 类似的单词有：unfair adj.不公平的； unclear adj.不清楚的； unable adj.不能的 等。 →(反义词) happy adj. 高兴的，快乐的；幸福的 [教材语境] You like to spend time with them because they make you happy. →happily◆ adv.高兴地；快乐地；满足地 →happiness◆ n.幸福；快乐 ◆bring sb. happiness 给某人带来幸福 8.◎make you happy 使你快乐 [教材语境] You like to spend time with them because they make you happy. [考点精析] 使役动词make表示“使某人做某事”或“使某事发生”,以下是其常见用法： 1.make+宾语+动词原形(不带to的不定式) 使某人做某事，强调“强制或促使”。 ·The teacher made the students clean the classroom. 老师让学生们打扫教室。 2.make +宾语+形容词 使某人/某物处于某种状态 ·The movie made the children excited. 这部电影让孩子们很兴奋。 3.make +宾语+名词 使某人/某物成为…… ·Hard work made her a successful person. 努力工作使她成为了一个成功的人。 4.make +宾语+过去分词 使某事被做(通常用于被动意义) ·She made her voice heard in the meeting. 她在会议上让她的声音被听到。 5.make +宾语+介词短语 使某人/某物处于某个位置或某种状态 ·The teacher made the students in a line. 老师让学生们站成一排。 [考点训练-实际运用] 1.The little dog makes me (feel)happy. 2.My pet puppy made the whole house a mess while I was out. 3.我喜欢这些规则，因为它们能让我变得更好。 I like these rules,because they can . ◎参考答案 1.feel 2.in 3.make me better 9.joke n.笑话，玩笑 ◆tell a joke 讲笑话； ◆tell a funny joke 讲了一个有趣的笑话 [教材语境] Be good at telling jokes to make you laugh ·He told a funny joke at the party. 他在聚会上讲了一个有趣的笑话。 ·They played a joke on me by hiding my backpack. 他们藏起我的书包，跟我开了个玩笑。 →joke v. 说笑话；开玩笑 →(现在分词)joking ◆joke with sb. 跟某人开玩笑； ◆play a joke on sb. 开某人玩笑； ◆joke about sth./sb. 拿某事/某人开玩笑。 ·Stop joking with me!I'm serious. 别和我开玩笑了!我是认真的。 10.laugh vi.&vt.笑，发笑 [教材语境] Be good at telling jokes to make you laugh ◆laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人；◆laugh about sth. 对某事发笑； ·The children laughed happily when seeing the puppy. 看到小狗时，孩子们开心地笑了起来。 ·Don’t laugh at others' mistakes. 不要嘲笑别人的错误。 ·They laughed about the funny movie for a long time. 他们为这部有趣的电影笑了很久。 ◆have a good laugh 好好笑一笑。 ·Let's relax and have a good laugh over the weekend. 咱们周末放松一下，好好笑一笑。 →laughter n.笑声； ◆burst into laughter 放声大笑。 ·When she heard the joke,she burst into laughter. 听到这个笑话的时候，她放声大笑起来。 11.lie vi.撒谎 →(“说谎”的过去式/过去分词)lied →(现在分词)lying ◆lie to sb. 对某人撒谎； ◆lie about sth. 就某事撒谎。 [教材语境] They don't lie to you,so you can trust them. ·Don't lie to your parents. 不要对你的父母撒谎。 ·He lied about finishing his homework yesterday. 他昨天谎称自己完成了作业。 ·Why is he lying?I can see that from his eyes! 他为什么在撒谎?我能从他的眼神中看出来! ·She lies about her age. 她谎报自己的年龄。 →(“躺；平躺”的过去式)lay →(过去分词)lain →(现在分词)lying ◆lie down 躺下； ◆lie awake 躺着睡不着。 ·The cat lies on the sofa every afternoon. 这只猫每天下午都躺在沙发上。 ·The cat was lying fast asleep by the fire. 猫卧在炉火旁睡得很熟。 →lie n. 谎言 ◆tell a lie/lies 说谎 ·Don't tell lies.Honesty is the best policy. 不要说谎。诚实才是上策。 →lie v.位于；坐落在 →(意为“位于”时的过去式)lay →(意为“位于”时的过去分词)lain ·The town lies on the coast. 这个小镇位于海滨。 12.person n.人，个人；指单个的人 →(复数)persons [教材语境] And they can help you become a better person. ·All persons must carry ID cards. 所有人必须携带身份证。 ·The person in the red dress is my sister. 穿红裙子的人是我姐姐。 →personal adj.个人的；私人的 ·Don't ask questions about someone’s personal life here. 不要在这里问别人的私生活问题。 →personality n.个性 ·Please describe your best friends' personalities. 请描述你最好的朋友的个性。 13.thought n.想法，主意 →(复数)thoughts ◆have a thought 有一个想法 ◆share a thought 分享一个想法 ◆have different thoughts 有不同的想法 [教材语境] Thank you for sharing your thoughts, class. ·I tried to collect my thoughts but I was too excited. 我试图集中注意力，但我太兴奋了。 ·He always has some deep thoughts about life. 他总是对生活有一些深刻的思考。 →think v.认为 →(过去式)thought ·Sandy thought hard,and at last she came up with an idea. 桑迪苦苦思索，最后她想出了一个主意。 ·It was very thoughtful of you to send the flowers. 你送花来，想得真周到。 →thoughtful adj.周到的；体贴的 [常考辨析] thought 和 idea thought 强调思考的过程和结果； idea 侧重指一个人的想法、主意、观念或对事物的理解等。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $