第13卷 冠词-2027年山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦冠词专项，通过30道单选系统覆盖a/an区别、定冠词特指、零冠词场景等核心用法，结合阅读训练提升语言应用与逻辑推理能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|30题|每题对应冠词典型场景（如疾病、年代、职业、乐器等），考查语境应用|从基础不定冠词（a/an辨析）到定冠词特殊规则（序数词、江河湖海），再到零冠词习惯搭配（三餐、球类），形成完整应用链| |阅读理解|5题|科普文（厄尔尼诺现象），设细节理解与词义猜测题|依托文本训练信息提取能力，强化语言理解与思维品质的结合|

编写说明：【2027版】山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、山西省中职毕业生对口升学英语考试大纲及历年对口升学考试真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是50份考点训练卷。第二部分是语音辨析、单项选择、完型填空、阅读理解、口语交际、书面表达等40份专题训练卷。第三部分是10份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》的第13卷，是词汇和语法考点训练卷。 【2027版】山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》 第13卷 词汇和语法考点训练卷·冠词 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（本大题共 30 小题，每小题 3 分，共计 90 分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出空白处的最佳选项。 1. —What’s wrong with you? —I have ____ bad headache. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】have a bad headache 为固定短语，表示头痛，bad 以辅音音素开头，搭配不定冠词 a，故选 A。 2. Great changes took place in ____ 1990s in China. A. the B. a C. / D. an 【答案】A 【解析】in the 1990s 是固定结构，用来表示 20 世纪 90 年代，年代前面需要加定冠词 the，故选 A。 3. Jack wants to be ____ engineer when he grows up. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】engineer 是以元音音素开头的单词，泛指一名工程师要用不定冠词 an，故选 B。 4. We usually have ____ breakfast at 7:00 in ____ morning. A. /; the B. a; the C. the; a D. /; a 【答案】A 【解析】三餐类名词前一般不加冠词；in the morning 是固定搭配，需要使用定冠词 the，故选 A 5. This is ____ useful book. It tells you how to play ____ guitar. A. an; the B. a; the C. the; a D. an; / 【答案】B 【解析】useful 的发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a；演奏乐器的名词前必须加定冠词 the，故选 B。 6. —What ____ interesting story it is! —Yes, ____ story is very moving. A. an; the B. a; the C. the; an D. an; a 【答案】A 【解析】感叹句中story为单数可数名词，interesting以元音开头，故用an；第二次提到该故事，用the特指，故选A。 7. Father's Day is on ____ third Sunday in ____ June. A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. a; / 【答案】B 【解析】序数词third前用the；月份June前不加冠词，故选B。 8. There is ____ "s" and ____ "r" in the word "star". A. an; an B. a; a C. an; a D. a; an 【答案】A 【解析】字母 s 和 r 的发音都以元音音素开头，修饰二者都要使用不定冠词 an，故选 A。 9. ____ Changjiang River is one of ____ longest rivers in the world. A. The; the B. A; a C. /; the D. The; a 【答案】A 【解析】江河类专有名词前要加 the；形容词最高级前面必须使用定冠词 the，故选 A。 10. It takes me ____ hour to get to the park by ____ bus. A. an; / B. a; the C. an; a D. a; / 【答案】A 【解析】hour 以元音音素开头，用 an；by 后面直接接交通工具，中间不需要加任何冠词，故选 A。 11. My uncle is ____ university teacher, and he is ____ honest man. A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a 【答案】A 【解析】university 发音以辅音音素开头，用 a；honest 发音以元音音素开头，用 an，故选 A。 12. Tom often plays ____ football after ____ school. A. the; the B. /; / C. a; a D. the; / 【答案】B 【解析】球类运动名词前不加冠词；after school 为固定短语，不需要使用冠词，故选 B。 13. After ____ dinner, I take ____ walk with my parents. A. /; a B. the; a C. a; the D. /; the 【答案】A 【解析】三餐名词前通常不用冠词；take a walk 是固定短语，散步，需要用不定冠词 a，故选 A。 14. We live on ____ earth, and ____ moon goes around our planet. A. the; the B. /; / C. a; an D. an; a 【答案】A 【解析】earth 和 moon 都是世界上独一无二的天体，前面都要加定冠词 the，故选 A。 15. ____ Browns are having dinner together. A. A B. The C. / D. An 【答案】B 【解析】“the + 姓氏复数” 可以表示一家人，the Browns 指代布朗一家人，故选 B。 16. After the trip, I have ____ better understanding of ____ nature. A. a; / B. a; the C. the; a D. the; / 【答案】A 【解析】have a better understanding of 是固定搭配；nature 表示大自然时，前面不加冠词，故选 A。 17. Japan is ____ Asian country, and it lies in ____ east of Asia. A. a; the B. an; the C. a; / D. an; / 【答案】B 【解析】Asian 以元音音素开头，用 an；in the east of 是固定方位表达，前面要加 the，故选 B。 18. It is ____ great fun to play ____ chess with friends in free time. A. a; the B. /; / C. /; the D. the; / 【答案】B 【解析】fun 属于不可数名词，前面不用冠词；棋类运动前不加冠词，故选 B。 19. He is ____ honest person, and he always helps ____ poor in our neighborhood. A. a; the B. an; the C. an; a D. a; / 【答案】B 【解析】honest 以元音音素开头，用 an；the + 形容词可以表示一类人，the poor 指代穷人，故选 B。 20. He went abroad in ____ summer of ____ 2019. A. the; / B. /; the C. /; / D. the; the 【答案】A 【解析】the summer of 2019 特指 2019 年的夏天；单纯的年份前面不需要加冠词，故选 A。 21. She is ____ only girl in our class who can dance in such ____ short time. A. a; a B. a; / C. the; a D. the; / 【答案】C 【解析】only 前面要用定冠词 the 表特指；in a short time 是固定短语，用不定冠词 a，故选 C。 22. ____ boy with ____ umbrella in his hand is my cousin. A. The; an B. The; a C. A; an D. /; a 【答案】A 【解析】被后置定语限定的男孩是特指，用 the；umbrella 以元音音素开头，用 an，故选 A。 23. —What ____ great success he is as a leader! —Yes. But he doesn't have ____ experience in teaching. A. the; / B. a; / C. /; / D. a; a 【答案】B 【解析】success 此处指一位成功的人，属于抽象名词具体化，用 a；experience 表示经验时为不可数名词，不加冠词，故选 B。 24. Excuse me. There is ____ Mr Li waiting for you at ____ school gate. A. a; the B. /; the C. a; / D. /; / 【答案】A 【解析】a Mr Li 泛指某位姓李的先生；the school gate 特指双方都知晓的校门口，用 the，故选 A。 25.The old man patted the boy ____ head. A. on a B. on the C. in the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】pat sb on the head 是固定用法，触碰人体部位时，部位名词前要加定冠词 the，故选 B。 26. I get 20 dollars ____ hour as ____ shop worker on weekends. A. an; a B. the; a C. a; a D. an; the 【答案】A 【解析】hour 以元音音素开头，用 an；a shop worker 泛指一名店员，用不定冠词 a，故选 A。 27. ____ writer and ____ teacher is going to visit our school. A. A; a B. The; the C. The; / D. /; / 【答案】C 【解析】the writer and teacher 指代同一个人，即作家兼老师，只需在第一个名词前加定冠词 the，故选 C。 28. As ____ matter of fact, I am not sure about ____ number of chairs we need. A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. /; the 【答案】A 【解析】as a matter of fact 为固定短语；the number of 表示…… 的数量，是固定结构，故选 A。 29. They chose Tom to be ____ captain of the team because they knew he was ____ smart leader. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; / D. a; a 【答案】B 【解析】此处队长被团队限定，表特指用 the；a smart leader 泛指一位聪明的领导者，用不定冠词 a，故选 B。 30. Is there ____ old supermarket on ____ Bridge Street? A. a; the B. an; the C. the; / D. an; / 【答案】D 【解析】old 以元音音素开头，用 an；街道专有名词前面一般不加冠词，故选 D。 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） You may hear of El Niño (厄尔尼诺), a warm part of a natural weather pattern. During El Niño, ocean temperatures go up. El Niño usually happens every two to seven years and can last from nine months to a few years. This year, scientists say a very strong El Niño — sometimes called "Super El Niño" — may come. "Super El Niños" do not happen often. There have been only five since 1950. The last one happened from 2015 to 2016. Scientists are not sure if another one will form this year, but the chance is as high as 61 percent. Why do they think so? Because the weather has been very special. From January to March, the US had its driest start to a year on record. Europe experienced its second-warmest March ever. March also saw the second-warmest sea surface temperatures on record. El Niño's influences are different around the world. Places that are usually dry may get a lot of rain. Those that are usually wet may end up drier than normal. A strong El Niño can mean more storms in the Central Pacific. The summer monsoon (季风) season in South Asia could be weaker. The fall and winter may bring dry weather to parts of the Amazon (亚马孙) and Australia. Strong El Niños can change the weather for years. It sends heat from the ocean back into the air. A strong El Niño, together with climate (气候) change, could make 2026 or 2027 the hottest year ever. 31. What may happen to South Asia during a strong El Niño? A. It may experience more storms B. It may become colder than normal C. It will have continuous heavy rain D. It may have a weaker monsoon season 32. What does the word "chance" in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Whether the dry weather will last B. Whether the warm seas will cool C. The time of unusual weather D. The possibility that Super El Niño will form 33. When did the last "Super El Niño" start? A. In 1950 B. In 2026 C. In 2016 D. In 2015 34. How does the writer show the influences El Niño brings? A. By telling stories B. By showing scientists' words C. By making surveys D. By giving examples of different areas 35. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. Why a strong El Niño is coming B. What El Niño is and its influence C. How to prepare for a "Super El Niño" D. The hottest years recorded in history 【答案】31.D 32.D 33.D 34.D 35.B 【导语】 本文介绍了厄尔尼诺现象的基本定义，重点预测了今年可能出现的“超级厄尔尼诺”，并通过列举全球不同地区的天气变化，说明了强厄尔尼诺对气候的广泛影响及其长期后果。 【解析】 31. 细节理解题。 根据第四段第三句“The summer monsoon season in South Asia could be weaker.”可知，强厄尔尼诺会使南亚夏季季风减弱，故D项正确。A项“更多风暴”发生在中太平洋，并非南亚；B项“变冷”和C项“持续大雨”均与原文不符，排除。 32. 词义猜测题。 第三段提到“Scientists are not sure if another one will form this year, but the chance is as high as 61 percent.”，此处“chance”指“超级厄尔尼诺形成的可能性”，故D项正确。A、B、C分别指向干旱持续、海洋变冷和异常天气时间，均不符合语境。 33. 细节理解题。 第二段最后一句“The last one happened from 2015 to 2016.”明确指出上一次超级厄尔尼诺发生于2015年至2016年，因此开始时间是2015年，选D。A项1950是统计起始年，B项2026是未来可能最热年份，C项2016是结束年份，均错误。 34. 推理判断题。 第四段分别列举了中太平洋、南亚、亚马孙和澳大利亚等不同地区受到的影响，作者通过“给出不同地区的例子”来展示厄尔尼诺的影响，故D项正确。文中未讲故事、未引用科学家原话、也未做调查，A、B、C排除。 35. 主旨大意题。 全文第一段解释什么是厄尔尼诺，后续段落介绍其预测概率、区域影响及长期升温后果，整体围绕“厄尔尼诺是什么及其影响”展开，故B项正确。A项仅提及原因，C项“如何准备”未涉及，D项“最热年份”只是细节，均不能概括全文。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、山西省中职毕业生对口升学英语考试大纲及历年对口升学考试真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是50份考点训练卷。第二部分是语音辨析、单项选择、完型填空、阅读理解、口语交际、书面表达等40份专题训练卷。第三部分是10份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》的第13卷，是词汇和语法考点训练卷。 【2027版】山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》 第13卷 词汇和语法考点训练卷·冠词 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（本大题共 30 小题，每小题 3 分，共计 90 分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出空白处的最佳选项。 1. —What’s wrong with you? —I have ____ bad headache. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. Great changes took place in ____ 1990s in China. A. the B. a C. / D. an 3. Jack wants to be ____ engineer when he grows up. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4. We usually have ____ breakfast at 7:00 in ____ morning. A. /; the B. a; the C. the; a D. /; a 5. This is ____ useful book. It tells you how to play ____ guitar. A. an; the B. a; the C. the; a D. an; / 6. —What ____ interesting story it is! —Yes, ____ story is very moving. A. an; the B. a; the C. the; an D. an; a 7. Father's Day is on ____ third Sunday in ____ June. A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. a; / 8. There is ____ "s" and ____ "r" in the word "star". A. an; an B. a; a C. an; a D. a; an 9. ____ Changjiang River is one of ____ longest rivers in the world. A. The; the B. A; a C. /; the D. The; a 10. It takes me ____ hour to get to the park by ____ bus. A. an; / B. a; the C. an; a D. a; / 11. My uncle is ____ university teacher, and he is ____ honest man. A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a 12. Tom often plays ____ football after ____ school. A. the; the B. /; / C. a; a D. the; / 13. After ____ dinner, I take ____ walk with my parents. A. /; a B. the; a C. a; the D. /; the 14. We live on ____ earth, and ____ moon goes around our planet. A. the; the B. /; / C. a; an D. an; a 15. ____ Browns are having dinner together. A. A B. The C. / D. An 16. After the trip, I have ____ better understanding of ____ nature. A. a; / B. a; the C. the; a D. the; / 17. Japan is ____ Asian country, and it lies in ____ east of Asia. A. a; the B. an; the C. a; / D. an; / 18. It is ____ great fun to play ____ chess with friends in free time. A. a; the B. /; / C. /; the D. the; / 19. He is ____ honest person, and he always helps ____ poor in our neighborhood. A. a; the B. an; the C. an; a D. a; / 20. He went abroad in ____ summer of ____ 2019. A. the; / B. /; the C. /; / D. the; the 21. She is ____ only girl in our class who can dance in such ____ short time. A. a; a B. a; / C. the; a D. the; / 22. ____ boy with ____ umbrella in his hand is my cousin. A. The; an B. The; a C. A; an D. /; a 23. —What ____ great success he is as a leader! —Yes. But he doesn't have ____ experience in teaching. A. the; / B. a; / C. /; / D. a; a 24. Excuse me. There is ____ Mr Li waiting for you at ____ school gate. A. a; the B. /; the C. a; / D. /; / 25.The old man patted the boy ____ head. A. on a B. on the C. in the D. / 26. I get 20 dollars ____ hour as ____ shop worker on weekends. A. an; a B. the; a C. a; a D. an; the 27. ____ writer and ____ teacher is going to visit our school. A. A; a B. The; the C. The; / D. /; / 28. As ____ matter of fact, I am not sure about ____ number of chairs we need. A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. /; the 29. They chose Tom to be ____ captain of the team because they knew he was ____ smart leader. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; / D. a; a 30. Is there ____ old supermarket on ____ Bridge Street? A. a; the B. an; the C. the; / D. an; / 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） You may hear of El Niño (厄尔尼诺), a warm part of a natural weather pattern. During El Niño, ocean temperatures go up. El Niño usually happens every two to seven years and can last from nine months to a few years. This year, scientists say a very strong El Niño — sometimes called "Super El Niño" — may come. "Super El Niños" do not happen often. There have been only five since 1950. The last one happened from 2015 to 2016. Scientists are not sure if another one will form this year, but the chance is as high as 61 percent. Why do they think so? Because the weather has been very special. From January to March, the US had its driest start to a year on record. Europe experienced its second-warmest March ever. March also saw the second-warmest sea surface temperatures on record. El Niño's influences are different around the world. Places that are usually dry may get a lot of rain. Those that are usually wet may end up drier than normal. A strong El Niño can mean more storms in the Central Pacific. The summer monsoon (季风) season in South Asia could be weaker. The fall and winter may bring dry weather to parts of the Amazon (亚马孙) and Australia. Strong El Niños can change the weather for years. It sends heat from the ocean back into the air. A strong El Niño, together with climate (气候) change, could make 2026 or 2027 the hottest year ever. 31. What may happen to South Asia during a strong El Niño? A. It may experience more storms B. It may become colder than normal C. It will have continuous heavy rain D. It may have a weaker monsoon season 32. What does the word "chance" in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Whether the dry weather will last B. Whether the warm seas will cool C. The time of unusual weather D. The possibility that Super El Niño will form 33. When did the last "Super El Niño" start? A. In 1950 B. In 2026 C. In 2016 D. In 2015 34. How does the writer show the influences El Niño brings? A. By telling stories B. By showing scientists' words C. By making surveys D. By giving examples of different areas 35. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. Why a strong El Niño is coming B. What El Niño is and its influence C. How to prepare for a "Super El Niño" D. The hottest years recorded in history 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $