Unit 4 Inventions 单词讲解课件 2026-2027学年英语沪教版八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习课件围绕Unit 4 Inventions主题，系统梳理24个核心词汇，通过音标标注、词性及释义解析、词性变换拓展、短语搭配归纳和语境例句应用，构建“基础认知-拓展应用”的词汇知识网络，体现词汇间的逻辑关联。 其亮点在于采用分层练习设计，如根据提示补全单词、用适当形式填空及选词填空等，结合语境例句提升学生语言理解与表达能力，通过词性变换训练培养学习策略与效率意识。这种设计帮助学生巩固词汇应用，教师可精准实施个性化复习教学。

— — — • Unit 4 Inventions • — — — 单词讲解 Vocabulary balloon /bəˈluːn/ n. 气球 wheel /wiːl/ n. 轮；车轮 central /ˈsentrəl/ adj. 在中心的 although /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ conj. 虽然；尽管；即使 attach /əˈtætʃ/ v. 把……固定；把……附（在……上） pull /pʊl/ v. 拉；拽；扯；拖 international /ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəl/ adj. 国际的 path /pɑːθ/ n. 小路；小径 technique /tekˈniːk/ n. 技巧；技艺 depend /dɪˈpend/ v. 需要；依靠 doubt /daʊt/ n. 疑惑；疑问 personally /ˈpɜːsənəli/ adv. 就个人意见 Vocabulary statement /ˈsteɪtmənt/ n. 说明 benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. 益处；优势 wing /wɪŋ/ n.（飞行器的）翅膀；机翼 distance /ˈdɪstəns/ n. 距离 petrol /ˈpetrəl/ n. 汽油 avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避免；防止 anywhere /ˈeniweə(r)/ adv. 在（或去）任何地方 notice /ˈnəʊtɪs/ v. 看（或听）到；注意到 type /taɪp/ n.（印刷用的）活字 heat /hiːt/ v. 加热；变热 press /pres/ v.（被）压 metal /ˈmetl/ n. 金属 — — — • Unit 4 • — — — Words and expressions balloon /bəˈluːn/ n. 气球 词性 变换 - balloon v. 膨胀；激增 短语 - a hot-air balloon 热气球 - blow up a balloon 吹气球 例句 1. The children are playing with colorful balloons in the park. 孩子们正在公园里玩彩色的气球。 2. We took a ride in a hot-air balloon over the mountains. 我们乘坐热气球飞越了群山。 wheel /wiːl/ n. 轮；车轮 短语 - a bicycle wheel 自行车轮 - the wheel of history 历史的车轮 例句 1. The wheel is one of the most important inventions in human history. 轮子是人类历史上最重要的发明之一。 2. My bike’s front wheel is broken and needs to be fixed. 我自行车的前轮坏了，需要修理。 central /ˈsentrəl/ adj. 在中心的；中央的 词性 变换 - centre n. / center 中心 短语 - central park 中央公园 - central government 中央政府 例句 1. The central part of the city is very busy and crowded. 城市的中心区域非常繁忙拥挤。 2. This building is in the central location of the town. 这座建筑位于小镇的中心位置。 although /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ conj. 虽然；尽管；即使 例句 1. Although it was raining, we still went out for a walk. 尽管下着雨，我们还是出去散步了。 2. Although he is very young, he can speak three languages. 虽然他年纪很小，但他会说三种语言。 attach /əˈtætʃ/ v. 把……固定；把……附（在……上） 词性 变换 - attachment n. 附件；附属物 短语 - attach … to … 把……附在……上 - attach importance to 重视 例句 1. Please attach a photo to your application form. 请在你的申请表上附上一张照片。 2. We should attach great importance to environmental protection. 我们应该高度重视环境保护。 pull /pʊl/ v. 拉；拽；扯；拖 短语 - pull out 拔出；拉出 - pull up 停车；拉起 例句 1. He pulled the door open and walked into the room. 他拉开门走进了房间。 2. The horse was pulling a heavy cart along the road. 那匹马正拖着一辆沉重的马车在路上走。 international /ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəl/ adj. 国际的 词性 变换 - nation n. 国家 - nationality n. 国籍 短语 - international trade 国际贸易 - an international school 国际学校 例句 1. English is an international language used all over the world. 英语是一门在全世界使用的国际语言。 2. The company has many international offices in different countries. 这家公司在不同国家有很多国际办事处。 path /pɑːθ/ n. 小路；小径 短语 - a mountain path 山间小径 - a path to success 成功之路 例句 1. We walked along a narrow path through the forest. 我们沿着一条狭窄的小路穿过森林。 2. Hard work is the path to success. 努力工作是通往成功的道路。 technique /tekˈniːk/ n. 技巧；技艺 词性 变换 - technical adj. 技术的；专业的 - technician n. 技术员 短语 - painting techniques 绘画技巧 - advanced techniques 先进技术 例句 1. She is learning new painting techniques from her teacher. 她正在向老师学习新的绘画技巧。 2. The company uses advanced techniques to make products. 这家公司使用先进的技术来生产产品。 depend /dɪˈpend/ v. 需要；依靠 词性 变换 - dependence n. 依赖 - dependent adj. 依赖的 短语 - depend on 依靠；依赖 例句 1. Children depend on their parents for food and clothes. 孩子们依靠父母提供衣食。 2. The success of the project depends on our hard work. 这个项目的成功取决于我们的努力。 doubt /daʊt/ n. 疑惑；疑问； v. 怀疑 词性 变换 - doubtful adj. 怀疑的 短语 - without doubt 毫无疑问 - in doubt 不确定 例句 1. There is no doubt that he is the best student in our class. 毫无疑问，他是我们班最好的学生。 2. I doubt whether he will come to the party on time. 我怀疑他是否会准时来参加派对。 personally /ˈpɜːsənəli/ adv. 就个人意见；亲自 词性 变换 - personal adj. 个人的 - person n. 人 短语 - personally speaking 就个人而言 例句 1. Personally, I think this is a good idea. 就我个人而言，我认为这是个好主意。 2. The manager personally checked all the documents. 经理亲自检查了所有的文件。 statement /ˈsteɪtmənt/ n. 说明；陈述；声明 词性 变换 - state v. 陈述；说明 短语 - make a statement 发表声明 - a financial statement 财务报表 例句 1. The government made a statement about the new policy. 政府就新政策发表了一份声明。 2. Please write a clear statement of your problem. 请写一份清晰的问题说明。 benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. 益处；优势； v. 使受益 词性 变换 - beneficial adj. 有益的 短语 - be of benefit to 对……有益 - benefit from 从……中受益 例句 1. Regular exercise brings many benefits to our health. 规律锻炼给我们的健康带来很多益处。 2. We can benefit a lot from reading books. 我们可以从读书中受益良多。 wing /wɪŋ/ n. （飞行器的）翅膀；机翼 短语 - the wings of a plane 飞机的机翼 - spread one’s wings 展翅高飞 例句 1. The plane’s left wing was damaged in the storm. 飞机的左翼在暴风雨中受损了。 2. It’s time for young people to spread their wings and explore the world. 是时候让年轻人展翅高飞，探索世界了。 distance /ˈdɪstəns/ n. 距离 词性 变换 - distant adj. 遥远的 短语 - in the distance 在远处 - a long distance 长距离 例句 1. The distance from my home to school is about 2 kilometers. 从我家到学校的距离大约是2公里。 2. We could see a small house in the distance. 我们可以看到远处有一座小房子。 petrol /ˈpetrəl/ n. 汽油 短语 - petrol station 加油站 - fill up with petrol 加满汽油 例句 1. We need to stop at the petrol station to fill up the car. 我们需要在加油站停下来给车加油。 2. The price of petrol has gone up recently. 最近汽油的价格上涨了。 avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避免；防止 词性 变换 - avoidance n. 避免 短语 - avoid doing sth 避免做某事 - avoid mistakes 避免错误 例句 1. We should avoid eating too much junk food. 我们应该避免吃太多垃圾食品。 2. He crossed the street to avoid meeting his ex-girlfriend. 他过马路是为了避免遇见他的前女友。 anywhere /ˈeniweə(r)/ adv. 在（或去）任何地方 短语 - not … anywhere 任何地方都不 - anywhere else 别的任何地方 例句 1. I can’t find my keys anywhere in the house. 我在家里任何地方都找不到我的钥匙。 2. You can go anywhere you like during the holiday. 假期里你可以去任何你想去的地方。 notice /ˈnəʊtɪs/ v. 看（或听）到；注意到； n. 通知 短语 - take notice of 注意到 - put up a notice 张贴通知 例句 1. I noticed a small mistake in your homework. 我注意到你作业里有一个小错误。 2. The teacher put up a notice on the classroom door. 老师在教室门上贴了一张通知。 type /taɪp/ n. （印刷用的）活字；类型； v. 打字 词性 变换 - typist n. 打字员 短语 - a type of 一种 - different types of 不同类型的 例句 1. There are many different types of flowers in the garden. 花园里有很多不同种类的花。 2. I can type 60 words per minute on the computer. 我在电脑上每分钟可以打60个字。 heat /hiːt/ v. 加热；变热； n. 热量；高温 词性 变换 - hot adj. 热的 - heater n. 加热器 短语 - heat up 加热 - the heat of the sun 太阳的热量 例句 1. Please heat up the milk for the baby. 请把牛奶加热给宝宝喝。 2. We can’t go out because of the extreme heat. 因为极端高温，我们不能出门。 press /pres/ v. （被）压；按； n. 按压；新闻界 词性 变换 - pressure n. 压力 短语 - press the button 按按钮 - press for 催促 例句 1. Press this button to turn on the machine. 按这个按钮来启动机器。 2. The workers are pressing for higher wages. 工人们正在要求涨工资。 metal /ˈmetl/ n. 金属 词性 变换 - metallic adj. 金属的 短语 - a piece of metal 一块金属 - precious metals 贵金属 例句 1. Iron and copper are common metals. 铁和铜是常见的金属。 2. The box is made of strong metal. 这个盒子是由坚固的金属制成的。 — — — • Unit 4 • — — — Exercises 一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词 1. The children are playing with colorful b________ in the playground. 2. The w_____ is one of the most important inventions in human history. 3. Our school is located in the _______ (在中心的)part of the city. 4. Please ______ (把……附在……上)your homework to the email before sending it. 5. English is an _____________ (国际的)language used all over the world. alloons heel central attach international 一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词 6. Regular exercise has many ________ (益处)for our health. 7. We should _____ (避免)eating too much junk food to keep healthy. 8. Did you ______ (注意到)the small notice on the classroom door? 9. Please ____ (加热)the soup before serving it to the guests. 10. _____ （压；按）this red button to start the machine. benefits avoid notice heat Press 二、用单词的适当形式填空 1. Many children enjoy watching colorful ________ (balloon) fly into the sky. 2. It is __________ (benefit) to read English aloud every morning. 3. Young children are _________ (depend) on their parents for daily care. 4. I am ________ (doubt) whether he will come to the meeting on time. 5. __________ (person), I think this invention will change our lives greatly. balloons beneficial dependent doubtful Personally 二、用单词的适当形式填空 6. The government made an official _________ (state) about the new policy. 7. We should try our best to _____ (avoidance) making mistakes in the exam. 8. My mother used to be a skilled ______ (type) in a company. 9. The ______ (heat) water is suitable for making tea. 10. The machine is made of ________ (metal) materials, so it's very strong. statement avoid typist heated metallic 三、选词填空 depend on, avoid, benefit, notice, attach (请从方框中选择合适单词填入空格，每词限用一次) 1. We can _______ a lot from reading scientific books about inventions. 2. Children _________ their parents for food, clothes and shelter. 3. Please ______ a photo to your application form for the summer camp. 4. You should _____ talking loudly in the library to disturb others. 5. I didn't ______ that the teacher had left the classroom until five minutes later. benefit depend on attach avoid notice See You! $