选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 Lessons in life（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

**基本信息** 以高考真题为载体，融合语言能力与思维品质，构建“题型-方法-素养”三维训练体系，系统提升语篇理解与语境运用能力。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇（A/B）|推理判断（文本细节推导）、细节理解（定位与同义复现）|语篇主题→信息分层→逻辑推理，强化文化意识与思维深度| |完形填空|1篇|语境分析（上下文逻辑）、词汇搭配（情感与动作呼应）|情境构建→词汇运用→意义连贯，提升语言综合表达能力| |语法填空|1篇|语法规则（非谓语、时态、冠词等）、语境语法（句法结构）|语法知识→语用场景→结构完整，夯实语言基础与学习能力|

[对应知能达标训练P560] 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，完形填空每题1分，语法填空每题1.5分，本试卷共50分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·广东六校第三次联考)Do I think the sky is falling? Sort of. My husband and I were recently in Egypt，where the temperature reached 113 degrees Fahrenheit，a bit warm for my tiny princess.Medic，medic! So，we left Egypt.Back home，my dearest friends struggled with health stuff，with family craziness，with damaged children both young and grown-up. The game of life is hard，and a lot of us are playing hurt.I ache for the world but naturally I'm mostly watching the Me Movie，where balance and strength are beginning to fail.What can we do as the creaking (嘎吱响的) elevators of age slowly descend? The main solution is to get outside every day，ideally with friends.Old friends—even thoughts of them—are my comfort. Recently I was walking along a beach with Neshama.We go back 50 years.She is 84，short and strong.Every so often，she bent down somewhat tentatively and picked up small items into a small cloth bag.“What are you doing？”“I'm picking up micro litter.I try to help where I can.” I reminded her of an old story.A great warhorse comes upon a tiny sparrow lying on its back with its feet in the air，eyes tightly shut with effort.The horse asks it what it's doing.“I'm trying to help hold back the darkness.” The horse roars with laughter.“That is so funny.What do you weigh？”And the sparrow replies，“One does what one can.” This is what older age means: we do what we can. We continued our walk.Neshama bent to pick up bits of litter and started to slip，but I caught her and we laughed.We are so physically vulnerable in older age.We have caught each other a lot and have come through some periods of darkness and overwhelming losses，but friendship makes it all a rowing machine for the soul.We can take it as long as we feel and give love，and laugh gently at ourselves as we fall apart.We know by a certain age the great lies in our life—if you do or achieve this or that，you will be happy and rich.No.Love and service make us rich. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述作者的个人经历和思考，说明了爱和服务才能为人们带来真正的富足。 1．What does the author think of her present life? A．She enjoys making new friends. B．She feels more struggles over the aging process. C．She finds it challenging to handle family crises. D．She wants others to learn from her life experiences. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，生活这场游戏很艰难，很多人都在带伤前行。作者为这个世界感到痛心，但自然地她大多还是在关注自己的生活，在她的生活中平衡和力量开始出故障。由此可推知，随着老去，作者认为生活很不容易，难事更多。故选B。 答案　B 2．What message does the story of the sparrow convey? A．Age makes small efforts less meaningful over time. B．Strength in numbers is necessary for changing the world. C．Even the smallest action will contribute to a bigger result. D．Every small action counts，no matter how insignificant it seems. 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段的“And the sparrow replies，‘One does what one can.’ This is what older age means: we do what we can.”可知，麻雀回答一个人能做什么就做什么；这就是老年意味着什么；我们能做什么就做什么。该故事主要表达了无论一个行动有多小它都很重要。故选D。 答案　D 3．Which of the following can best describe Neshama? A．Healthy and cautious. B．Caring and responsible. C．Cooperative and modest. D．Educated and committed. 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段的“Every so often，she bent down...‘I'm picking up...where I can.’”可知，偶尔，她会弯下腰，把小物品捡起来放进一个小布袋里；她在捡微垃圾，在能提供帮助的地方尽力去帮助；由此可推知，她是有责任心的。再根据最后一段作者与Neshama相互扶持可知她是体贴的。故选B。 答案　B 4．What does the author suggest about the meaning of life in older age? A．Love and acts of service bring true richness in life. B．Happiness is achieved through love，rather than wealth. C．Health and independence are definitely the ultimate goals. D．True richness comes from love，service，and achievements. 解析　细节理解题。根据第六段的“Love and service make us rich”可知，真正的富足来自爱和服务。故选A。 答案　A B (2025·四川绵阳三模)Your teacher stops you and says he needs to have a word about your performance in the recent class.You worry about it all day，wondering what you might have done wrong.When you step into his office，he begins by praising you for your contributions to the class，and you wonder if this is the customary praise that starts off the typical “feedback sandwich” pattern: initiate with a compliment，insert the critical feedback，and conclude with another somewhat comforting remark. Many educators employ this “feedback sandwich” technique in their teaching practice.However，positive feedback shouldn't merely serve as a buffer (缓冲区)for the negative; it ought to be sincerely delivered to spark and strengthen continued excellence.Here are three strategies to effectively give positive feedback. Avoid Pairing Positive with Negative.When positive and negative feedback always seem to coexist，the positive feedback may lose its value and be overlooked.Make sure to provide positive feedback on its own，without adding constructive criticism. Foster a “Growth Mindset”．Psychologist Carol Dweck，an advocate of the “growth mindset”，emphasizes the brain's adaptability and our capacity to nurture skills and talents we may initially lack.More often than not，praises tend to center on outcomes or natural abilities，such as “You have a keen eye for detail” or “You're naturally gifted in event planning”．However，he notes that highlighting the effort，exploration，and problem-solving approaches can promote skill development more effectively. Cultivate a Positive Feedback Culture.Instead of reserving feedback for formal occasions such as performance reviews，integrate it into everyday interactions.Share informal，positive remarks during casual conversations or even when passing someone in the hallway.Furthermore，feedback shouldn't be limited to coming from superiors.Foster a culture where team members and classmates provide constructive comments for one another.Encourage peer-to-peer recognition.Motivate them to actively share positive observations and opinions about each other's behavior and contributions. Embracing positive feedback not only boosts work performance but also enhances overall well-being in the long term. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何有效地给予正面反馈的策略，避免将正面与负面反馈配对，培养成长型思维模式，并营造积极的反馈文化。 5．What is the structure of the “feedback sandwich”？ A．Positive，negative，positive. B．Positive，neutral，negative. C．Negative，positive，negative. D．Negative，neutral，positive. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“...initiate with a compliment，insert the critical feedback，and conclude with another somewhat comforting remark.”可知feedback sandwich的模式是“以赞美开始，插入批评性反馈，最后以另一个安慰性的话语结束”，即“正面—负面—正面”的结构。A项“Positive，negative，positive”分别是原文中“compliment”“critical”“comforting”的同义词复现。 答案　A 6．What is the positive feedback like? A．Critical and harsh. B．Genuine and inspiring. C．Frequent but formal. D．Constructive but indirect. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“...positive feedback shouldn't merely serve as a buffer for the negative; it ought to be sincerely delivered to spark and strengthen continued excellence.”可知积极的反馈是“真诚且鼓舞人心的”。B项“Genuine and inspiring”分别是原文中“sincerely”和“spark and strengthen continued excellence”的同义复现。 答案　B 7．According to Carol Dweck，what should praise focus on? A．Gifts and results. B．Peer-to-peer recognition. C．Process and methods. D．Formal performance reviews. 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However，he notes that highlighting the effort，exploration，and problem-solving approaches can promote skill development more effectively.”可知，心理学家Carol Dweck指出强调努力、探索和解决问题的方法可以更有效地促进技能发展，由此可推知Carol Dweck认为赞扬应关注过程和方法。故选C。 答案　C 8．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To compare different feedback techniques. B．To criticize the feedback sandwich technique. C．To discuss the great harm of negative feedback. D．To explain how to give effective positive feedback. 解析　写作意图题。文章开头提到“反馈三明治”的局限性，随后提出三种有效给予正向反馈的策略，并详细展开说明，由此可知，全文核心是如何有效地给予正向反馈，旨在帮助读者理解如何更好地提供和接受正向反馈。故选D。 答案　D Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·山东菏泽一模)I was a basketball player，a senior，and a kid who had it all together on the outside.But deep inside，I'd been__9__ battling my extreme mood that caused excessive mental and physical behaviors for years，desperate to __10__ my struggles from everyone. On a game day，when I should have been fully focused，my extreme mood appeared and my mind was in__11__．“Eliot，you good？” Coach Rivera asked.I __12__ a smile，saying，“I'm fine.” He wasn't buying it.“It's not about the __13__．It's about you.You don't have to handle this alone，” he said，and his words truly __14__ me.Everyone else expected me to tough it out，but he just wanted me to be __15__． I said before I could stop myself，“I don't want to seem__16__．” Coach gently yet firmly replied，“__17__ doesn't make you weak; it's part of being human.We'll __18__ this together，but you have to trust me and be honest about what you're going through.” At first，opening up was awkward.Over the following weeks，Coach didn't__19__ me hard but allowed me to pace myself，managing my mood __20__． Before the next big game，he pulled me aside，saying，“Stay grounded.Be__21__．You don't have to be perfect.” We won.Coach Rivera __22__ my life forever.He taught me life is about balance，not__23__．I was just a person，with ups and downs，but always moving forward. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名高中篮球队队员Eliot长期与情绪问题斗争，最终在教练Rivera的帮助下学会接纳自我的成长故事。 9．A．gradually B．sincerely C．secretly D．slightly 解析　But提示前后形成转折关系。首句提到“had it all together on the outside”，说明内心和外在表现不一致。再结合下文可以推出，作者多年来秘密地(secretly)与极端情绪作斗争。 答案　C 10．A．protect B．hide C．learn D．separate 解析　根据上文“I'd been __9__ battling my extreme mood”可知，作者一直在秘密地与极端情绪作斗争。因此这里指拼命地向所有人隐藏(hide)自己的挣扎。 答案　B 11．A．chaos B．order C．peace D．silence 解析　根据上文“when I should have been fully focused，my extreme mood appeared”可知，作者本应集中注意力时，极端情绪出现了，因此这时他的头脑处于混乱状态(chaos)。 答案　A 12．A．returned B．forced C．kept D．took 解析　此处表示作者强颜欢笑。force a smile强作笑颜。 答案　B 13．A．life B．team C．game D．coach 解析　第二段首句提到比赛日(a game day)，再根据教练的话“It's about you.”可知，教练关心的是作者，而非比赛。故选C。 答案　C 14．A．struck B．inspired C．disappointed D．annoyed 解析　根据上文“You don't have to handle this alone”可知，教练很关心作者。因此，作者被教练的话打动了(struck)。 答案　A 15．A．gentle B．modest C．okay D．safe 解析　but表明前后的转折关系，提示教练和其他人的区别：其他人期望作者撑下去(tough it out)，而教练关心作者，只希望他没事(okay)。 答案　C 16．A．nervous B．weak C．stupid D．proud 解析　下文教练的话“__17__ doesn't make you weak”是对作者的回应，说明作者不想看起来软弱。 答案　B 17．A．Struggling B．Training C．Playing D．Failing 解析　上文“desperate to __10__ my struggles from everyone”中的struggles和此处是同源词。 答案　A 18．A．turn over B．look into C．test out D．get through 解析　根据上文“You don't have to handle this alone”及下文“you have to trust me and be honest about what you're going through”可知，教练让作者不要独自面对，要如实告知问题。这体现了教练想帮作者渡过(get through)难关。故选D。 答案　D 19．A．punish B．resist C．push D．hit 解析　根据空后的“but allowed me to pace myself”可知，教练并未逼迫(push)作者，而是让他自己调整节奏。 答案　C 20．A．swings B．sorrow C．function D．fears 解析　根据上文“my extreme mood appeared”和“managing my mood”可知，教练让作者控制自己的情绪波动(swings)。 答案　A 21．A．tough B．energetic C．emotional D．real 解析　由“You don't have to be perfect.”可知，此处教练给作者的建议是“要真实(real)”。 答案　D 22．A．ruined B．changed C．decorated D．witnessed 解析　根据下文“He taught me life is about balance”可知，教练教给了作者生活的真谛，改变了(changed)作者的生活。 答案　B 23．A．fortune B．success C．ambition D．perfection 解析　上文的perfect和此处的perfection是同源词。下文“I was just a person，with ups and downs”体现了生活不是完美的。 答案　D Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·广东惠州二调)Inspired by Marco Polo，Vienna Cammarota set off from the legendary explorer's hometown of Venice to retrace the route on foot.Beginning in Venice on April 26，2022，24.________ well-known hiker in her 70s arrived in China on August 29，2024，covering more than 20，000 kilometers. Cammarota has long been an adventurous and culturally driven traveler.When 25.________(ask) why she challenged herself 26.________ such an old age，she answered，“Each new journey brings me fresh experiences and 27.________(memory).”During this journey，many kindhearted people in countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative 28.________(help) her，making her long journey more fulfilling and 29.________(enjoy). The moment she set foot in China，Cammarota was 30.________(warm) greeted by people who presented her with a wreath symbolizing friendship and blessings.31.________(start) from the ancient city of Kashgar in the autonomous region，Cammarota will embark on a 15-month cultural journey across China and explore over 30 cities in 17 Provinces，through 32.________ she will showcase China's true image，rich culture and social harmony to the world.It 33.________(believe) that her experiences will not only attract more international tourists to China，but also promote cultural dissemination (传播) and economic development in cities involved in the BRI. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位70多岁的著名徒步旅行者Vienna Cammarota受马可·波罗启发，从威尼斯出发，历经两年多到达中国并在中国开启文化之旅的故事。她的经历将吸引更多的国际游客到中国来，并促进“一带一路”沿线城市的文化传播和经济发展。 24．解析　考查冠词。在本篇文章中这个主人公是第二次提到，故用定冠词the表特指。 答案　the 25．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，所给动词和主句主语she之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用asked作状语。此处也可以理解为状语从句的省略，When asked相当于When she was asked。 答案　asked 26．解析　考查介词和搭配。此处考查at an...age这一惯用表达，表示“在……年纪”。 答案　at 27．解析　名词复数。根据and前后的一致性以及momory为可数名词可知，此处应用复数形式memories。 答案　memories 28．解析　考查动词时态。分析句子成分可知，该空在句子中作谓语动词，同时该句话时间状语为During this journey，故此处应用一般过去时，故用helped。 答案　helped 29．解析　考查形容词。设空处和前面的fulfilling并列，共同作宾语her long journey的补足语，故用enjoyable。 答案　enjoyable 30．解析　考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词，故用副词形式warmly。 答案　warmly 31．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，设空处作状语，和主句主语Cammarota之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用Starting。 答案　Starting 32．解析　考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子成分可知，设空处指代先行词a 15-month cultural journey作介词through的宾语，through与该空一起引导非限制性定语从句。故用关系代词which。 答案　which 33．解析　考查固定句型。It is believed that...是固定句型，表示“人们相信……”。 答案　is believed 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $