选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Revealing nature（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考高频题型，整合解题方法与语篇逻辑，通过典型真题提升语言理解与思维分析能力。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|3篇12题（观点态度/细节理解/段落大意等）|观点态度题抓评价词汇，细节题定位原文信息，段落大意题分析主题句，写作意图题关联上下文|按“题型-能力”对应，从局部信息理解到语篇整体把握，构建“定位-分析-推断”逻辑链| |七选五|1篇5题|空格前后逻辑衔接（因果/转折/例证），主题句与细节句匹配|以语篇结构为核心，通过句间关系分析实现信息补全，培养逻辑思维与语篇建构能力|

[对应知能达标训练P509] 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，七选五每题2.5分，本试卷共42.5分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·江苏南京盐城调研测试)More than 20 years ago，Yung-Chi Cheng，a Yale professor in drug development for cancer，had a pioneering idea: what if he could unlock the potential of ancient Chinese medicines for treating cancer? What if he could design botanical drugs that would make traditional cancer treatments work better? No one had done it before.Fellow researchers and experts advised him to change course，because developing botanical drugs was too complicated and too risky.But Cheng didn't let the idea go. Now，in a landmark moment for cancer research, Cheng and research partners are launching the first international clinical trial for a botanical drug，YIV-906.Shwu-Huey Liu，a postdoctoral researcher in Cheng's Yale lab，spent hours leafing through ancient Chinese texts at Yale's library，seeking the properties of Chinese herbs.She returned with Huang Qin Tang，a 1，800-year-old treatment for stomach illnesses，based on which the team developed a drug and tested it on one thousand mice. What followed were years of additional testing of the drug's effectiveness for a range of cancers in multiple human studies involving over 200 patients.The positive effects displayed again and again.YIV-906 not only reduced the side effects of radiation treatment，but also led to faster recovery and longer survival rates. All they need now are larger data sets.When the results of the international trial are available about three years from now，YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products，which includes a malaria (疟疾) treatment developed from the Chinese herb qinghao，the discovery of which led to a Nobel Prize for chemist Tu Youyou. It has been a long journey，but if Cheng and his team are successful，it could create a new approach for treating cancer.They called the new approach “WE” medicine，a combination of Western medicine and Eastern medicine.“It's a totally new model.I've met with a lot of doubt，but I think the results will speak for themselves，” Cheng said. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了耶鲁大学教授郑永齐及其团队在开发植物抗癌药物方面所作出的贡献。 1．What did fellow researchers initially think of Cheng's research? A．Creative. B．Comprehensive. C．Conventional. D．Challenging. 解析　观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Fellow researchers and experts advised him to change course，because developing botanical drugs was too complicated and too risky.”可知，同行的研究人员和专家建议他改变方向，因为开发植物药物太复杂，风险太大。由此可知，同行的研究人员最初认为郑永齐的研究具有挑战性。故选D。 答案　D 2．Why did Liu refer to ancient Chinese texts? A．She wanted to question ancient treatment methods. B．She desired to find inspiration for treating diseases. C．She tried to document the history of Chinese herbs. D．She determined to find a cure for stomach illnesses. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Shwu-Huey Liu，a postdoctoral researcher in Cheng's Yale lab，spent hours leafing through ancient Chinese texts at Yale's library，seeking the properties of Chinese herbs”可知，郑永齐所在的耶鲁大学实验室的博士后研究员刘淑惠花了很长时间在耶鲁大学图书馆翻阅中国古代文献，寻找中草药的特性。由此可推测，刘翻阅中国古代文献是为了寻找治疗疾病的灵感。故选B。 答案　B 3．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The steps of the drug testing. B．The application of YIV-906. C．The effects of the clinical trial. D．The effectiveness of YIV-906. 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段中的“testing of the drug's effectiveness”和“YIV-906 not only reduced the side effects of radiation treatment，but also led to faster faster recovery and longer survival rates.”可知，该段主要说明了药物试验的结果，证明了YIV-906的效果，故选D。A项“药物测试的步骤”；B项“YIV-906的应用”；C项“临床试验的结果”；D项“YIV-906的有效性”。 答案　D 4．Why does the author mention Chinese herb qinghao? A．To illustrate the value of botanical drugs. B．To advocate the adoption of “WE” medicine. C．To praise Tu's contributions to drug development. D．To highlight its success in medicine development. 解析　写作意图题。根据倒数第二段中的“YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products”可知，作者提到中草药青蒿是为了说明植物药物的价值。故选A。 答案　A B (2025·福建宁德部分学校开学考) From Scotland to Cornwall，an organic，regenerative collective of UK farmers is looking to pair up with sustainable businesses that need access to land and tools.Pitch Up! was founded in 2021 by Tim May，of Kingsclere Estates farm in Hampshire.It offers land，resources and expertise to businesses with big ideas for sustainable projects—in other words，“no gear (设备)，all the ideas”．The idea is to replicate nature's “closed loop” system，with waste being reused to create a thriving circular farming community. “Our goal is to have a diverse mix of enterprises all operating off the land—using each other's by-products or waste，and sharing knowledge，equipment and experience，” says May.“Nature thrives on diversity; it also fuels economic resilience，helps create a closed-loop system，and builds stronger rural communities.As farmers，we have an abundance of land and natural resources，and we want to share those resources and bring more people onto the land.” Pitch Up! has already helped to launch a handful of businesses.Balcaskie Estate covers 2，000 hectares of land in Fife，Scotland，and has hosted markets，a butchery，and pop-ups by Scotland The Bread，an organisation that works to get more people eating better bread. Rosie Jack，Balcaskie's business development manager，says，“We know that there's a real demand for rural land so our message is，‘We have land，come and use it！’ We really do welcome approaches from businesses of all shapes and sizes.” This year，the Pitch Up! farming collective is keen to hear from entrepreneurs who want to use pasture land，organic milk，oats and grain，animal hides，woad，wool and even hedgerows for foraging. “We are looking for sustainable businesses at all stages of the business life cycle，but particularly those that have an idea of how they can fit into the circular systems in place at a Pitch Up! farm，” says May.“It might be a cheese maker，for example，who can add value by using the organic milk from the mobile dairy business here.” [语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国一个名为Pitch Up！的有机再生集体农场。 5．What does Pitch Up! offer to sustainable businesses? A．Organic food. B．Farming resources. C．Money and staff. D．Tools and workers. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Pitch Up! was founded in 2021 by Tim May，of Kingsclere Estates farm in Hampshire.It offers land，resources and expertise to businesses with big ideas for sustainable projects—in other words，‘no gear，all the ideas’．”可知，Pitch Up！为可持续企业提供农业资源。故选B。 答案　B 6．What's May's vision for Pitch Up！？ A．A single big company. B．More land for farming. C．Only eco-friendly farms. D．Various businesses working together. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段May所说的话“Our goal is to have a diverse mix of enterprises all operating off the land—using each other's by-products or waste，and sharing knowledge，equipment and experience”表明，她对Pitch Up！的构想是让各种企业合作。故选D。 答案　D 7．Why is Balcaskie Estate mentioned in the text? A．For selling land. B．Due to program failure. C．For bread promotion. D．As a successful case of Pitch Up！. 解析　推理判断题。第三段首句“Pitch Up! has already helped to launch a handful of businesses.”指出Pitch Up！已帮助创办了几家企业。随后以Balcaskie Estate为例，说明其参加的活动。 由此推知，文中提到Balcaskie Estate是为了说明Pitch Up！帮助了企业发展，它是Pitch Up！的一个成功案例。故选D。 答案　D 8．What does May want to convey in the last paragraph? A．Cooperation expectation. B．The importance of circular systems. C．A demand for a cheese maker. D．Value of Pitch Up！. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We are looking for sustainable businesses at all stages of the business life cycle，but particularly those that have an idea of how they can fit into the circular systems in place at a Pitch Up! farm”可知，May正在寻找合适的企业。由此可以看出，她想要传达对合作的期望。故选A。 答案　A C (2025·浙江杭州高三质检)When Alexander Fleming returned to his lab in 1928，he found a bacteria culture he had grown was infected by fungus(霉菌)，killing any colonies it touched.Rather than simply starting over，Fleming switched his focus to the fungus.He identified the bacteria-killing substance，which he called “penicillin”，and seemingly at a single stroke，created the new field of antibiotics(抗生素). That's how most people see innovation：A flash of brlliance.Then eureka！A new world is born.The truth，however，is messier.It wasn't until 1943 that penicillin came into widespread use. To put Fleming's discovery in context，consider Ignaz Semmelweis，who pioneered hand washing in maternity wards(产房)，significantly reducing childbed fever but receiving scorn instead of fame.That was because in the 1850s，his ideas conflicted with the popular miasma theory，which attributed disease to “bad air”．After his death in 1865，germ theory was accepted，paving the way for Fleming's later work. Fleming was a gifted biologist but a poor communicator.When he published his results in 1929，few took notice.In 1935，Howard Florey and Ernst Chain discovered Fleming's paper，understood its importance，and developed methods to produce penicillin in quantity.By 1943，with World War Ⅱraging，the War Production Board enlisted 21 companies to mass-produce penicillin，saving countless lives and ushering_in the new age of antibiotics.Fleming，Florey and Chain received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945. Penicillin owes much of its success to government support.For many other groundbreaking innovations like the Internet and GPS，their innovators，while carving their own path，are often uncertain of where the opportunity lies until they team up with other visionaries and corporations，who might have the resources to fast-track their ideas.So，look at any significant innovation and the myth of the lone genius and the “eurekamoment” breaks down. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章以 Alexander Fleming 发明青霉素为例，阐述了创新并非是简单的灵光一现，而是一个复杂的过程。 9．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A．An account of a lab story. B．Redefinition of a traditional view. C．Correction of a popular misconception. D．An analysis of a scientific phenomenon. 解析　段落大意题。前两段先讲述了 Alexander Fleming 发现青霉素的故事，接着讲述绝大多数人们认为创新是灵光一闪，指出这是对创新的普遍误解，实际上青霉素从发现到广泛应用并非如此简单。所以前两段重点在于纠正这种普遍误解。 答案　C 10．What is the message conveyed in paragraph 3? A．Great minds think alike. B．The early bird catches the worm. C．Luck's got your back when it comes to success. D．Early work is a stepping stone to later breakthroughs. 解析　推理判断题。第三段讲述了 Ignaz Semmelweis 倡导洗手以减少产褥热。虽然当时他的想法受到鄙视，但他的工作为 Fleming 后来的工作奠定了基础。这体现了早期工作对后来突破的重要性。 答案　D 11．What does the underlined part “ushering in” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Delaying. B．Introducing. C．Predicting. D．Transforming. 解析　词义猜测题。画线部分所在句提到21个公司量产青霉素，拯救了无数生命，并且 “ushering in the new age of antibiotics”。结合语境和选项可知，此处的意思是开启了抗生素的新时代，而不是“延迟、预测或转变”抗生素的新时代。 答案　B 12．Which of the following can be the best title? A．Great Innovations：Individuals Are True Heroes B．From Failure to Success：The Story of Penicillin C．The Lone Genius：Fleming's Discovery of Penicillin D．The Long Road to Penicillin：How Innovation Happens 解析　文章大意题。文章主要讲述了青霉素从发现到广泛应用的漫长过程，并以青霉素为例，说明了创新并非是绝大部分人认为的天才的灵光一现，而是需要众多因素共同作用，是个复杂的过程。 答案　D Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·福建福州高中毕业班练习)Patterns are repeated behaviors that shape our daily lives.We follow them when we stick to the same morning routine，react similarly to stress，or face the same conflicts with others.__13__ The key is knowing which to keep and which to break. Harmful patterns，like surfing through social media for hours or avoiding difficult tasks，form because our brains prefer easy and familiar actions.__14__ To break such cycles，start small: replace one bad habit with a positive activity，set clear daily goals，and ask friends to support your efforts. Even good patterns can become problems if we never update them.A study method that worked in high school might not suit college courses.Staying too long with outdated routines limits our ability to adapt.__15__ People who refresh their habits regularly tend to solve problems faster and think more creatively.Try this: every few months，review your routines.Ask yourself，“Is this still working? Could there be a better way？” __16__ As Walt Disney said，“Progress needs change”．Breaking patterns feels uncomfortable at first，but staying stuck in unhelpful habits costs more over time.Begin with manageable steps: wake up 30 minutes earlier，try a new hobby，or write down your thoughts before making decisions.Each change weakens unhelpful patterns and builds confidence to tackle bigger challenges. __17__ Keep those that help you grow，but don't let them become cages.By balancing useful routines with the courage to try new things，we create space for both stability and progress.Track your habits，stay curious，and note: small changes today can lead to big improvements tomorrow. A．Patterns are very easy to follow. B．Remember: patterns are tools—not rules. C．While some patterns help us，others hold us back. D．In the end，breaking patterns creates space for balance. E.Sticking to old patterns risks missing better opportunities. F．Each time we repeat these behaviors，they become harder to change. G．Simple workspace changes and diverse dialogues stimulate new ideas. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕行为模式(patterns)展开，介绍了如何更新习惯。 13．解析　空前对模式下了定义。空后提出应该对模式进行取舍。C项(虽然有些模式对我们有帮助，但另一些模式会阻碍我们)直接解释了取舍的原因，承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 答案　C 14．解析　第二段讨论“Harmful patterns”。空前一句说明了有害的模式形成的原因。F项(每次我们重复这些行为，它们就变得更难改变)与“our brains prefer easy and familiar actions”形成因果关系。故选F。 答案　F 15．解析　空前提到固守过时的习惯会限制我们的适应能力。空后提到经常刷新习惯的人能更快解决问题。E项(坚持旧模式可能会错失更好的机会)说明了坚持旧模式所带来的影响，与后文形成对比。故选E。 答案　E 16．解析　空前建议用向自己提问的方式促进自己更新习惯。G项(简单的工作空间变化和多样化的对话激发新想法)提供了实施办法，与空前的建议衔接自然。故选G。 答案　G 17．解析　空后提到“don't let them become cages”。后文还提到通过平衡有用的模式和去尝试新事物的勇气，我们为稳定和进步创造了空间。B项(记住：模式是工具，不是规则)概括了主旨，且与“don't let them become cages”相呼应。故选B。 答案　B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $