选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 Laugh out loud（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦不同文体语篇理解，通过细节、推理等题型训练语言能力与思维品质，构建“文体特征-题型解法”知识逻辑链。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|12题（3篇，含记叙文、说明文、议论文）|细节理解、推理判断、写作意图|不同文体语篇结构与信息定位、逻辑推断的对应关系| |七选五|5题（人生建议类说明文）|主旨衔接、逻辑连贯|段落主旨与句间逻辑关系的匹配，体现语篇组织能力|

[对应知能达标训练P496] 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，七选五每题2.5分，本试卷共42.5分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·四川成都名校联盟考试)Rose Chin was partially paralysed in 2018 after a stroke.For several months，she remained in hospital and began to rebuild her strength and ability to communicate.“At the beginning，I was so weak that I couldn't even use a wheelchair，”she says.“I realised that I wouldn't be able to go back to my old life.” Asking for help was particularly difficult as Chin didn't want to feel like a burden，but after being recommended a course of therapy (疗法)，she started to glimpse a future for herself.She started opening up to other people and one day her social worker suggested she should try a sport.“She mentioned the wheelchair basketball team and I decided to give it a try，”she says. The first two times Rose Chin arrived at the basketball court as a 65-year-old，to try out for the Inverness wheelchair team，she couldn't make it past the doors.“I looked through the window and just thought：‘I can't do this，’” she says.“The third time，though，I made myself go through before I could think about it.The team welcomed me with open arms and it's changed the way I live in my wheelchair ever since.” Following that successful third attempt onto the court in 2022，Chin was enlisted as part of the 10-person team and began attending weekly training sessions learning how to pass，throw and defend while moving herself in a specially designed chair.“We very quickly became a little family with a WhatsApp group full of jokes，” she laughs.“I'm the oldest on the team and the youngest is 19 but when I play，age doesn't come into it—it's such a pleasure.” “I feel so independent and I know I will keep playing as long as I can，” she says.“I want us to raise more money to get more equipment so we can encourage others to join.They might be feeling like I was，but I want them to know that there's opportunity out there—they don't have to be alone.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Rose Chin在2018年中风后部分瘫痪，经过几个月的住院治疗她开始恢复体力和交流能力。在社工的建议下，她成为轮椅篮球队的一员，并感受到团队的温暖与支持。 1．Why did Chin try out for the wheelchair basketball team? A．She was passionate about the sport. B．She was inspired by a social worker. C．She gained the support from the team. D．She wanted to test the effect of therapy. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“one day her social worker suggested she should try a sport.‘She mentioned the wheelchair basketball team and I decided to give it a try’”可知，社工的建议激发了Chin尝试轮椅篮球的想法。故选B。 答案　B 2．What did Chin experience during the first two attempts? A．A mental struggle. B．A frustrating rejection. C．A warm welcome. D．A hard training session. 解析　推理判断题。 根据第三段的“The first two times Rose Chin...couldn't make it past the doors.” “I looked through the window and just thought：‘I can't do this，’”可知，Chin前两次来篮球场参加Inverness轮椅队的选拔，她连门都没有进去，她认为她做不成这件事。由此可知，Chin在前两次尝试中经历了思想上的挣扎。故选A。 答案　A 3．What does Chin think of the team? A．It relieves her aging anxiety. B．It feels like a happy family. C．It has brilliant basketball players. D．It helps her enjoy some jokes. 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“We very quickly became a little family with a WhatsApp group full of jokes”可知，Chin和队友们很快就成了一个小家庭，在 WhatsApp上有一个充满笑话的群。由此可知，Chin认为这支球队感觉像是一个幸福的家庭。故选B。 答案　B 4．Which of the following can best describe Chin? A．Modest and cheerful. B．Talented and creative. C．Confident and honest. D．Independent and kind. 解析　推理判断题。 根据最后一段的“I feel so independent and I know I will keep playing as long as I can”可知，Chin觉得自己很独立，她知道只要她能，她就会继续下去。再结合“I want us to raise more money to get more equipment so we can encourage others to join.”可知，她希望他们能筹集更多的资金来购买更多的设备，这样他们就可以鼓励其他人加入。由此可知，Chin是独立且善良的。故选D。 答案　D B (2025·山东泰安一模) The brains of lonely individuals respond to video stimuli (刺激) in unique ways dissimilar from their peers (同龄人)，while the brains of less lonely people respond similarly to others'，suggesting that lonely individuals may process the world differently，which could worsen or even trigger their loneliness. Elisa Baek led the investigation when she was a postdoctoral fellow at UCLA．She and her colleagues used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (功能性磁共振成像) to record the brains of 66 college students as they watched a collection of 14 short videos during a 90-minute session.The videos included sparkles from sporting events，footage from documentaries，and emotional illustrations of human life.After going through the lengthy scans，the students subsequently completed an extensive questionnaire intended to measure how lonely they felt. Baek and her co-authors divided the students into “lonely” and “nonlonely” groups，determined by their scores from the survey.They then conducted a thorough statistical analysis in which each individual's brain imaging results were compared to every other individual's. They found that the lonelier a person was，the more distinct their brain imaging results were compared to those of the other volunteers. The results held even when controlling for the number of friends each participant reported，reaffirming prior research showing that anyone can be lonely regardless of their social connections. “These findings raise the possibility that being surrounded mostly by people who view the world differently from oneself may be a risk factor for loneliness (even if one socialises regularly with them)，” the researchers wrote. This could explain why people tend to silo (封闭) themselves within friend groups and communities which share their views，a near universal trend that plays out in our online lives as well，often in a more extreme manner. A key question left unresolved is whether the unique brain processing observed in lonely individuals is a cause or an effect of their feelings of disconnection.A long-term study in which participants come into the lab for repeated scans over months or even years could provide an answer. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于孤独者大脑反应的研究。 5．What can we learn about lonely people from the investigation? A．They get along well with their peers. B．They perceive the world differently. C．They seek diversity in social interactions. D．They process information with great accuracy. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The brains of lonely individuals respond to video stimuli in unique ways dissimilar from their peers”和“lonely individuals may process the world differently”可知，孤独者以不同的方式感知世界。故选B。 答案　B 6．How were the participants categorized? A．By their questionnaire scores. B．By their social performances. C．By the number of their friends. D．By the results of their brain imaging. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Baek and her co-authors divided the students into ‘lonely’ and ‘nonlonely’ groups，determined by their scores from the survey.”可知，参与者是按照他们的得分被分类的。再结合第二段最后一句“After going through the lengthy scans，the students subsequently completed an extensive questionnaire intended to measure how lonely they felt.”可知，他们的得分是回答问卷得来的。故选A。 答案　A 7．Which of the following is more likely to suffer loneliness? A．Allen who has few online friends. B．Bruce who walks in nature habitually. C．Cindy who watches short videos every day. D．Daisy who hardly shares her friends' views. 解析　推理判断题。根据第六段中的“being surrounded mostly by people who view the world differently from oneself may be a risk factor for loneliness”可知，与周围的人世界观不同的人更容易感到孤独。Daisy几乎和她的朋友没有共同观点，符合这一描述。故选D。 答案　D 8．What will future studies focus on? A．The downside of social disconnection. B．The feelings of lonely and less lonely individuals. C．The connection between brain processing and loneliness. D．The influence of various world views on lonely individuals. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A key question left unresolved is whether the unique brain processing observed in lonely individuals is a cause or an effect of their feelings of disconnection.”可知，一个尚未解决的关键问题是，在孤独者身上所观察到的独特大脑处理方式是他们感到与世隔绝的原因还是结果。因此，未来研究可能聚焦于大脑处理方式与孤独感之间的关系。故选C。 答案　C C (2025·河北唐山一模) When Sherlock Holmes asked Dr.Watson to consider the previous night's “curious incident” involving a dog，Watson replied that nothing had happened.“That was the curious incident，”observed Holmes.This clue enabled Holmes to conclude that the murderer must have been someone familiar to the victim's dog because the dog did not bark when the murderer appeared.Most people would miss this important clue like Watson，because they pay little attention to non-occurrences. In everyday life，consumers often make decisions based on brief descriptions of products in advertisements and other one-sided promotional materials.Why are people willing to make decisions based on limited information? People are accustomed to using whatever evidence is readily available to them—however insufficient—at the expense of other information that persuaders fail to mention.Omission neglect (insensitivity to unmentioned options，features，issues，or possibilities) is particularly problematic given the nature of the world.Information describing alternatives—such as job applicants，consumer products，medical procedures，and decision outcomes—varies dramatically across situations.Some alternatives are discussed at considerable length，while others are described only briefly.To some extent，nearly everything is described in terms of limited or incomplete evidence. Research on omission neglect has shown that people often fail to detect the absence of important missing information，and this leads people to form strong beliefs on the basis of weak evidence.Strong beliefs are beliefs that are overly extreme and held with a high degree of confidence.In general，people should form more extreme beliefs when more rather than less information is available.However，when people are insensitive to omissions，people form extreme beliefs regardless of how little is known about a topic，according to Sanbonmatsu's conclusion. The results of research published by Sanbonmatsu suggest that omission neglect occurs because missing information is not very noticeable.To the extent that this is true，omission neglect should be reduced when the importance of missing information is enhanced.More moderate judgments are made when people are sensitive to omissions due to a clear warning that the given information is incomplete，due to very high levels of prior knowledge about the target object or issue，or due to comparison processes that make it painfully obvious that some objects are described by a large amount of information whereas others are described by a small amount. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了人们在决策过程中容易忽视未提及信息(omission neglect)的现象及其影响。 9．What led Sherlock Holmes to his conclusion? A．Watson's peculiar reply. B．His observation of the victim. C．The absence of the dog's barking. D．The time of the murderer's appearance. 解析　细节理解题。第一段指出破案的关键线索是“the dog did not bark when the murderer appeared”，福尔摩斯通过这个易被人忽略的细节推断出凶手是狗熟悉的人。故选C。 答案　C 10．What do people tend to do when making decisions? A．Analyse the persuaders. B．Gather more information. C．Assess the influence of the decisions. D．Fail to notice what is not mentioned. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“People are accustomed to using whatever evidence is readily available to them—however insufficient—at the expense of other information that persuaders fail to mention.”可知，人们习惯使用现成的证据而忽略了劝说者未提及的信息。这种现象被称为omission neglect。因此，人们在做决定时不能注意到未被提及的内容。故选D。 答案　D 11．What is Sanbonmatsu's conclusion? A．More information builds confidence. B．Weak evidence can lead to extreme beliefs. C．Most people like to challenge themselves. D．It is hard to know everything about a topic. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段可知Sanbonmatsu的研究指出，当人们无法察觉重要信息缺失时(the absence of important missing information)，即使证据薄弱，他们也会形成坚定的看法(form strong beliefs on the basis of weak evidence)。再结合本段最后一句Sanbonmatsu的结论“当人们对遗漏不敏感时(when people are insensitive to omissions)，会形成极端的观点”可知，证据薄弱会导致极端的观点。故选B。 答案　B 12．What does the last paragraph intend to do? A．Debate about the truth of information. B．Warn people against incomplete information. C．Increase the awareness of missing information. D．Improve people's ability to compare information. 解析　写作意图题。根据最后一段中的“omission neglect should be reduced when the importance of missing information is enhanced”以及作者提出的三种具体方法(明确提醒信息不完整、提高相关知识储备、通过对比凸显信息量差异)可知，该段旨在通过提高人们对缺失信息的重视程度来减少omission neglect。这与上文讨论的信息缺失导致的认知偏差问题相呼应。因此，该段的主要目的是提高人们对缺失信息的认识。故选C。 答案　C Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·浙江宁波“十校”3月联考) Turning the Page: Steps to Create a New Chapter in Your Life Life is like a journey with ups and downs.What matters is the way you tackle each situation.__13__ Here's how you can create a new chapter in your life. •Learn from others. There is one common mistake that many of us make: when dealing with a problem or situation，we try to go through all of it on our own.__14__ When you start learning from and depending on others，you notice the different patterns which made them successful. •Try everything in your hands. Sometimes we might feel that we have tried so hard and still nothing is working out for us.I know that situation as I have been there.I would say this one thing to you: giving up is easy，but continuing with the pain is hard but worth it.The only workable solution that I would offer you is to think outside the box.Try solutions that you never ever dreamed of.__15__ •Let go of your past. We must forgive ourselves so that we can easily begin the next chapter.We did our best at that time.It was certainly the right thing to do but it didn't work out and that wasn't your fault.Forgive yourself and begin anew.__16__ It is what makes us humans. •__17__ Most people get busy doing the things that don't get them anywhere.In stressful situations，people even seek unhealthy ways to relieve the stress.Remember to live in reality to make sensible and favorable choices for yourself.Don't follow the path to anger and destroy what is good for you.Picture your goals in your mind and make sensible steps towards them with each passing day.Let nothing stand in your way. A．Do what actually works. B．Everyone makes mistakes. C.Live in the present moment. D．They might actually make things better for you. E．It is essential for you to turn the page and create a new chapter. F．However，humans are social beings and we have to interact with each other. G．Whether it is a sweet love story or a serious life struggle，you must learn to move on. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕如何开启人生新篇章提出了四个具体策略。 13．解析　首段提出人生的起伏需积极应对，下文介绍具体策略。选项G(无论是面对甜蜜的爱情故事还是严峻的人生困境，你都必须学会继续前行)呼应上文ups and downs，其中move on与下文的new chapter对应。故选G。 答案　G 14．解析　本段指出独自解决问题是错误的。选项F(然而，人类是社会性生物，我们必须互动)通过However转折，强调人的社会性本质，为下文“向他人学习”提供依据。故选F。 答案　F 15．解析　本段鼓励尝试非传统方法。选项D(这些方法可能真的让情况好转)呼应think outside the box，说明创新策略的潜在效果。故选D。 答案　D 16．解析　本段强调接纳过去的错误。选项B(人人都会犯错)承接Forgive yourself，用普遍性消解自责心理，为“重新开始”提供依据。故选B。 答案　B 17．解析　设空处为小标题，根据标题句式一致原则，目标选项为A和C。选项A(做真正有效的事)总领下文，与“做明智的选择”“聚焦目标”一致。故选A。 答案　A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $