内容正文:
编写说明:2027年陕西省(职教单招)《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练,在编写中融入支架式教学理念,紧扣陕西职教单招英语真题考情,将代词知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单,以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础,再通过分层专项训练、真题溯源训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强,实操性好,为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径,高效赋能备考提分。
本专题是2027年陕西省(职教单招)《英语一轮讲练测》的第1个专题,内容为代词。
2027年陕西省(职教单招)
《英语一轮讲练测》复习讲义
专题01 代词
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警
02 体系构建·思维可视
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚
考点1 不定代词的用法
即时训练
考点2 人称代词与物主代词的用法
即时训练
考点3 反身代词的用法
即时训练
04 真题溯源·考向感知
考点
内容解读
陕西省2021—2025年职教单招真题统计(题号)
2021年
2022年
2023年
2024年
2025年
人称代词与物主代词
考查主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的选择。常见设题点包括of后用名词性物主代词构成双重所有格、名词前用形容词性物主代词,以及完形填空中的上下文指代。
(70)
(35)(74)
(31)(68)
不定代词与数量代词
考查anything、everybody、nothing、another、some/any、much/few/little、a few/a little等词的语义和用法。解题时要结合肯定/否定句、可数/不可数名词、泛指/特指和上下文逻辑。
(19)(27)(75)
(24)
(8)(22)(74)
形式it与固定句型
考查it作形式宾语或形式主语,常见结构包括find it + adj. + to do、It is no use doing、It is said that...等。判断时要区分真正主语/宾语和形式it。
(7)
(10)(18)
(6)(19)
反身代词及固定结构
重点关注myself、yourself、himself等反身代词,以及make oneself done等固定结构。此类题要求学生判断主语、宾语或逻辑主语是否指向同一对象。
(23)
关系代词与连接代词
关系代词that、which等常在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whatever等连接代词可引导宾语从句并在从句中充当成分。该类题需结合先行词、从句缺失成分和语义范围判断。
(12)
(22)
(66)
(11)(16)
代词在陕西职教单招英语中属于高频基础考点,考查形式比较分散,但规律清晰。单项选择多考查形式it、不定代词、关系代词和another等常见代词辨析;完形填空则更侧重上下文指代和人称一致;短文改错重点考查物主代词、人称代词和some/any等易混形式。备考时应重点训练五类内容:一是主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的句法功能;二是something/anything/nothing/everybody等复合不定代词的语境选择;三是it作形式主语、形式宾语及固定句型中的用法;四是反身代词在make oneself done等结构中的意义;五是that、which、whatever等关系或连接代词在从句中的成分判断。
一、代词知识主干
人称代词:I/me, he/him, she/her, they/them,重点看主格与宾格(重点:主格作主语,宾格作宾语)。
物主代词:my/mine, your/yours, his, her/hers, their/theirs,重点看后面是否接名词。
反身代词:myself, yourself, himself, herself, themselves,重点看主语和宾语是否同指。
指示代词与替代词:this/that/these/those, it, one/ones,重点看同一物还是同类物(易错点:it 指同一物,one 指同类物)。
不定代词:both/either/neither, all/none, another/other, something/anything/nothing/everything,重点看范围和语境(必考点:两者/三者、肯定/否定语境)。
it 特殊用法:形式主语、形式宾语、时间天气距离、强调句,重点看固定句型(必背句型:It takes... / It is + adj. + to do...)。
关系/疑问代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, what,重点看先行词和从句成分(特别关注:关系代词作成分时不能再重复主语)。
二、陕西题型对接
单项选择:以 it 句型、不定代词辨析、主宾格和物主代词为主。
完形填空:以语篇衔接、上下文指代、another/other、复合不定代词为主。
阅读理解:以代词指代题和 this/that/it/they 的语篇指向为主。
单词拼写:以 myself, yours, theirs, nothing, another 等基础词形为主。
短文改错:以代词多余、格错误、物主代词误用、关系代词重复为主。
书面表达:以人称一致、指代清楚、避免重复为主。
三、解题路径
一看指代对象,二看句中成分,三看范围语境,四看固定搭配;遇到语篇题时,还要回到前后句判断代词真正指向。
【考点1 不定代词的用法】
不定代词分组
核心用法
例句+汉语注释
some & any
1. some 多用于肯定句;any 多用于否定句、疑问句
2. 疑问句表请求/邀请/期待肯定回答用some
3. 肯定句中any修饰单数可数名词,表「任何一个」
4. some 可修饰单数名词表「某一」
There are some students in the classroom.
教室里有一些学生。
There isn't any water in the bottle.
瓶子里没有水。
Would you like some orange juice?
喝点橙汁好吗?
You may come at any time.
你任何时候来都可以。
She went to some place in England.
她去了英国某个地方。
either & neither
1. either:两者中任意一个
2. neither:两者都不
3. neither 放句首可引导部分倒装
Either of them will agree to this plan.
他们两人中有一人会同意这个计划。
Neither of us likes staying up.
我们俩都不喜欢熬夜。
Neither have my parents been to Hongkong.
我父母都没去过香港。
both & all & none
1. both:两者都
2. all:三者及以上都
3. none:三者及以上都不
4. both/all 用于否定句为部分否定;完全否定分别用neither/none
Both of them are retired workers.
他们两人都是退休工人。
All of us had a good time in summer holiday.
我们暑假都玩得很开心。
None of these washing machines works.
这些洗衣机没有一台能用。
Both her children are not outgoing.
她的两个孩子并非都外向。
many & much
1. many 修饰/代替可数名词复数
2. much 修饰/代替不可数名词
Many of the shops were run by Asians.
这些商店中有很多是亚洲人经营的。
Much of the land was flooded.
大片土地被洪水淹没。
little/a little & few/a few
1. little/a little 后接不可数名词
little:几乎没有(否定);a little:有一点(肯定)
2. few/a few 后接可数名词复数
few:几乎没有(否定);a few:有几个(肯定)
There is little time left.
几乎没剩下什么时间了。
We still have a little time.
我们还有一点时间。
Very few people know that.
几乎没人知道那件事。
I'd like to say a few words.
我想说几句话。
each & every
1. each:强调个体,两者及以上,可接of、可作同位语
2. every:强调整体,三者及以上,只作定语,可表「每隔……」
Each has his good point.
各人都有自己的优点。
Every worker was there and each did his work.
所有工人都在,各做各的事。
The Olympic Games are held every four years.
奥运会每四年举办一次。
other/the other/others/the other/another
1. the other:两者中的另一个
2. other+复数名词:泛指其他的
3. others:泛指其他人/物,不接名词
4. the others:特指其余全部人/物
5. another:三者及以上另一个、再一个
For some, shopping is an art; for others, it's a sport.
对有些人购物是艺术,对另一些人是消遣。
The other one was much too expensive.
另一个太贵了。
Please show me another.
请再给我看一个。
复合不定代词(some-/any-/every-/no-)
1. 定语后置修饰不定代词
2. someone/anyone等指人,不接of;分开写any one/every one可接of
3. 作主语谓语多用单数;指物用it指代
4. any-用于肯定句表「任何人/任何事」
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告诉你。
Every one of them likes playing football.
他们每个人都喜欢踢足球。
Nothing is left, is it?
什么都没剩下,是吗?
Anyone can do this job.
任何人都能做这份工作。
即时训练
1. There is ______ important on the noticeboard, so please read it first.
A. anything
B. something
C. nothing
D. everything
2. I do not like this pair of shoes. Could you show me another ______?
A. it
B. one
C. ones
D. that
3. ______ of the two answers is correct; both need to be changed.
A. Both
B. Either
C. Neither
D. All
4. Each of the workers ______ a different task in the safety drill.
A. have
B. has
C. are having
D. were
5. Would you like ______ warm water before the interview?
A. some
B. any
C. few
D. many
【考点2 人称与物主代词的用法】
1.人称代词(主格/宾格)形式及用法
人称
主格
宾格
句法功能
英文例句
汉语注释
第一人称单数 我
I
me
主格作主语;宾格作宾语/口语表语
I’m confident that you will get the job.
我肯定你能得到那份工作。
第一人称复数 我们
we
us
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
We will go to the park tomorrow.
我们明天要去公园。
第二人称单/复数 你/你们
you
you
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
You should study hard.
你/你们应该努力学习。
第三人称单数 他
he
him
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
She never spoke to him again.
从那时起她就再也没和他说过话。
第三人称单数 她
she
her
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
She likes reading books.
她喜欢读书。
第三人称单数 它
it
it
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
It is a lovely cat.
它是一只可爱的猫。
第三人称复数 他们/她们/它们
they
them
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
I often play with them.
我经常和他们一起玩。
口语表语用法
—
me
口语中表语常用宾格
—Who is it? —It is me.
——是谁?——是我。
2.物主代词(形容词性/名词性)形式及用法
词义
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
句法功能
英文例句
汉语注释
我的
my
mine
形物代作定语;名物代作主/宾/表语
My room is upstairs and hers is downstairs.
我的房间在楼上,她的在楼下。
你的/你们的
your
yours
形物代作定语;名物代独立使用
This is your pen, not yours.
这是你的钢笔,不是你的那支。
他的
his
his
形/名物代同形
This is his book; that is his too.
这是他的书,那本也是他的。
她的
her
hers
形物代修饰名词;名物代单独用
Her bag is red, hers is blue.
她的包是红色,她的那只是蓝色。
它的
its
its
形/名物代同形
The dog is washing its face with its paw.
小狗在用爪子洗它的脸。
我们的
our
ours
形物代作定语;名物代独立指代
Our classroom is bigger than theirs.
我们的教室比他们的大。
他/她/它们的
their
theirs
形物代修饰名词;名物代单独使用
Their house is small, but theirs is big.
他们的房子很小,他们那套很大。
3.it作形式主语和形式宾语的用法
语法分类
句型结构
例句及翻译
要点说明
it 作形式主语
(真正主语后置:不定式/动名词/从句)
It + 谓语 + 不定式/从句
1. It is important for us to develop social skills at the workplace.
对我们来说,在工作场所培养社交能力很重要。
2. It is quite clear that he has read the book.
很显然,他已经读过这本书了。
3. It’s unknown how many accidents were caused by traffic jam.
不知交通堵塞引发了多少事故。
用于平衡句子结构,避免主语过长
It + be + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
It is hard for him to make up his mind.
他很难下定决心。
for 描述事物属性;常用词:important、difficult、necessary、impossible
It + be + adj. + of sb. to do sth.
It was foolish of her to say such words.
她说那样的话,真是太蠢了。
of 描述人物性格品质;常用词:kind、foolish、stupid、nice、selfish
It is no use / no good + doing sth.
It is no good reading without understanding.
只阅读不理解没有好处。
真正主语为动名词,表“做某事无用/无益”
It takes sb. + 时间段 + to do sth.
It took me two days to finish reading this book.
读完这本书花了我两天时间。
固定句型,表“做某事花费某人多久”
It’s high time to do sth.
It’s high time (that) sb. (should) do sth.
It’s high time to have classes. = It’s high time we should have classes.
到上课的时间了。
从句中should可省略,谓语用动词原形
It is + 序数词 + time that + 现在完成时
It was + 序数词 + time that + 过去完成时
1. It is my first time that I have won the match.
这是我第一次赢得比赛。
2. It was the third time that he had broken the rule.
这是他第三次违反规定。
主句be动词决定从句时态
It + be + 时间段 + before 从句
1. It will be over a month before we end our classes.
再过一个月我们才结课。
2. It was not long before the police caught the thief.
没过多久警察就抓住了小偷。
将来场景用主将从现;过去场景主过从过
It is / has been + 时间段 + since 从句
It is two years since I joined the army.
我参军两年了。
since从句通常使用一般过去时
it 作形式宾语
(后接宾语补足语,真正宾语后置)
常用动词:think/find/believe/make/feel/consider
主语 + 动词 + it + 宾补 + to do sth.
I find it hard to remember English words.
我觉得记英语单词很难。
真正宾语为动词不定式
主语 + 动词 + it + 宾补 + doing sth.
We thought it no use complaining.
我们认为抱怨没有用。
真正宾语为动名词短语
主语 + 动词 + it + 宾补 + that从句
I think it important that we should keep calm.
我认为我们保持冷静很重要。
真正宾语为that引导的宾语从句
即时训练
1. ______ is necessary to check the visitor list before the meeting.
A. It
B. This
C. That
D. One
2. We found ______ useful to practise service English in pairs.
A. it
B. one
C. that
D. them
3. The guide showed ______ how to book tickets on the machine.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
4. Each workshop should keep ______ tools in the correct box.
A. it
B. its
C. itself
D. theirs
5.This is not my safety card. ______ is in my jacket pocket.
A. My
B. Me
C. Mine
D. Myself
【考点3 反身代词的用法】
1.反身代词形式表
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself(我自己)
ourselves(我们自己)
第二人称
yourself(你自己)
yourselves(你们自己)
第三人称
himself(他自己)
herself(她自己)
itself(它自己)
themselves(他们/她们/它们自己)
2.反身代词用法与例句
作动词宾语
动作回到主语自身
She saw herself in the mirror.
她在镜子里看见了她自己。
作介词宾语
位于介词后,指代自己
You'd better take care of yourself.
你最好照顾好你自己。
作表语
用于be动词后,表示身份
Look! That's myself.
看!那就是我自己。
作同位语
加强语气,强调“本人/本身”
Study itself is not so enjoyable.
学习本身并不是那么让人愉快。
3.常用固定搭配(高频考点)
固定短语
中文意思
例句
汉语注释
by oneself
独自;单独
He can finish the work by himself.
他能独自完成这项工作。
enjoy oneself
玩得高兴
They enjoyed themselves yesterday.
他们昨天玩得很开心。
help oneself to
随便吃/随便用
Help yourself to some fruit.
随便吃点水果吧。
teach oneself
自学
She teaches herself English.
她自学英语。
dress oneself
自己穿衣
The child can dress himself now.
这个孩子现在会自己穿衣服了。
即时训练
1. The two students completed the survey by ______.
A. them
B. their
C. theirs
D. themselves
2. ______ notebook is on the information desk?
A. Who
B. Whose
C. Whom
D. What
3. The nurse made ______ understood by using simple English.
A. she
B. her
C. herself
D. hers
4. Be careful! Don’t hurt ________ when you cut the apple.
A.yourself B.himself C.herself D.themselves
5.Please help ________ some fish.
A.you with B.yourself with C.yourself to D.you to
阅读下面短文。每行只有一处与代词、关系词有关的错误,请在右侧横线上写出改正内容。
I have a good friend who he is from Yan'an.
________ 1 ________
He likes the book which it tells stories about great workers.
________ 2 ________
Last week, he lent me a dictionary whose was very useful.
________ 3 ________
I asked him what could I do to improve my English.
________ 4 ________
He said the best way was to read every day and remember the words which they appeared often.
________ 5 ________
Then he introduced me to a teacher which taught him English before.
________ 6 ________
The teacher gave us some advice and told us who we should ask for help when we met problems.
________ 7 ________
After the talk, my friend and I made a small reading plan and checked it every weekend.
________ 8 ________
I also learned that what we need most is not only knowledge but also practice.
________ 9 ________
This is the reason which I keep reading aloud every morning.
________ 10 ________
1. (2025陕西职教单招第8小题)He knows ______ about the city, for he has never been there before.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
2. (2025陕西职教单招第16小题)Jim told his daughter that she could have ______ she wanted for Christmas.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whenever D. wherever
3. (2025陕西职教单招第22小题)Do you want to change this lamp for ______ or do you want your money back? A. it B. one C. another D. others
4. (2023陕西职教单招第6小题)On Monday mornings it usually ______ me an hour to drive to work.
A. takes B. spends C. costs D. pays
5. (2022陕西职教单招第23小题)It was so noisy that I could not make myself ______ clearly.
A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear
下列句子摘录自陕西历年真题中的代词相关错点,请在右侧横线上写出改正内容。
(2023陕西职教单招第66小题)Once there was a boy who he liked reading books very much.
________ 1 ________
(2023陕西职教单招第68小题)He had no books of him own.
________ 2 ________
(2022陕西职教单招第74小题)She asked hers desk-mate, who dared not say anything.
________ 3 ________
(2021陕西职教单招第70小题)A friend of me suggested that I should go to work by bike.
________ 4 ________
(2025陕西职教单招第74小题)Luckily, I haven't some classes this afternoon, and I have to go to town again.
________ 5 ________
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编写说明:2027年陕西省(职教单招)《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练,在编写中融入支架式教学理念,紧扣陕西职教单招英语真题考情,将代词知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单,以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础,再通过分层专项训练、真题溯源训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强,实操性好,为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径,高效赋能备考提分。
本专题是2027年陕西省(职教单招)《英语一轮讲练测》的第1个专题,内容为代词。
2027年陕西省(职教单招)
《英语一轮讲练测》复习讲义
专题01 代词
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警
02 体系构建·思维可视
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚
考点1 不定代词的用法
即时训练
考点2 人称代词与物主代词的用法
即时训练
考点3 反身代词的用法
即时训练
04 真题溯源·考向感知
考点
内容解读
陕西省2021—2025年职教单招真题统计(题号)
2021年
2022年
2023年
2024年
2025年
人称代词与物主代词
考查主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的选择。常见设题点包括of后用名词性物主代词构成双重所有格、名词前用形容词性物主代词,以及完形填空中的上下文指代。
(70)
(35)(74)
(31)(68)
不定代词与数量代词
考查anything、everybody、nothing、another、some/any、much/few/little、a few/a little等词的语义和用法。解题时要结合肯定/否定句、可数/不可数名词、泛指/特指和上下文逻辑。
(19)(27)(75)
(24)
(8)(22)(74)
形式it与固定句型
考查it作形式宾语或形式主语,常见结构包括find it + adj. + to do、It is no use doing、It is said that...等。判断时要区分真正主语/宾语和形式it。
(7)
(10)(18)
(6)(19)
反身代词及固定结构
重点关注myself、yourself、himself等反身代词,以及make oneself done等固定结构。此类题要求学生判断主语、宾语或逻辑主语是否指向同一对象。
(23)
关系代词与连接代词
关系代词that、which等常在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whatever等连接代词可引导宾语从句并在从句中充当成分。该类题需结合先行词、从句缺失成分和语义范围判断。
(12)
(22)
(66)
(11)(16)
代词在陕西职教单招英语中属于高频基础考点,考查形式比较分散,但规律清晰。单项选择多考查形式it、不定代词、关系代词和another等常见代词辨析;完形填空则更侧重上下文指代和人称一致;短文改错重点考查物主代词、人称代词和some/any等易混形式。备考时应重点训练五类内容:一是主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的句法功能;二是something/anything/nothing/everybody等复合不定代词的语境选择;三是it作形式主语、形式宾语及固定句型中的用法;四是反身代词在make oneself done等结构中的意义;五是that、which、whatever等关系或连接代词在从句中的成分判断。
一、代词知识主干
人称代词:I/me, he/him, she/her, they/them,重点看主格与宾格(重点:主格作主语,宾格作宾语)。
物主代词:my/mine, your/yours, his, her/hers, their/theirs,重点看后面是否接名词。
反身代词:myself, yourself, himself, herself, themselves,重点看主语和宾语是否同指。
指示代词与替代词:this/that/these/those, it, one/ones,重点看同一物还是同类物(易错点:it 指同一物,one 指同类物)。
不定代词:both/either/neither, all/none, another/other, something/anything/nothing/everything,重点看范围和语境(必考点:两者/三者、肯定/否定语境)。
it 特殊用法:形式主语、形式宾语、时间天气距离、强调句,重点看固定句型(必背句型:It takes... / It is + adj. + to do...)。
关系/疑问代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, what,重点看先行词和从句成分(特别关注:关系代词作成分时不能再重复主语)。
二、陕西题型对接
单项选择:以 it 句型、不定代词辨析、主宾格和物主代词为主。
完形填空:以语篇衔接、上下文指代、another/other、复合不定代词为主。
阅读理解:以代词指代题和 this/that/it/they 的语篇指向为主。
单词拼写:以 myself, yours, theirs, nothing, another 等基础词形为主。
短文改错:以代词多余、格错误、物主代词误用、关系代词重复为主。
书面表达:以人称一致、指代清楚、避免重复为主。
三、解题路径
一看指代对象,二看句中成分,三看范围语境,四看固定搭配;遇到语篇题时,还要回到前后句判断代词真正指向。
【考点1 不定代词的用法】
不定代词分组
核心用法
例句+汉语注释
some & any
1. some 多用于肯定句;any 多用于否定句、疑问句
2. 疑问句表请求/邀请/期待肯定回答用some
3. 肯定句中any修饰单数可数名词,表「任何一个」
4. some 可修饰单数名词表「某一」
There are some students in the classroom.
教室里有一些学生。
There isn't any water in the bottle.
瓶子里没有水。
Would you like some orange juice?
喝点橙汁好吗?
You may come at any time.
你任何时候来都可以。
She went to some place in England.
她去了英国某个地方。
either & neither
1. either:两者中任意一个
2. neither:两者都不
3. neither 放句首可引导部分倒装
Either of them will agree to this plan.
他们两人中有一人会同意这个计划。
Neither of us likes staying up.
我们俩都不喜欢熬夜。
Neither have my parents been to Hongkong.
我父母都没去过香港。
both & all & none
1. both:两者都
2. all:三者及以上都
3. none:三者及以上都不
4. both/all 用于否定句为部分否定;完全否定分别用neither/none
Both of them are retired workers.
他们两人都是退休工人。
All of us had a good time in summer holiday.
我们暑假都玩得很开心。
None of these washing machines works.
这些洗衣机没有一台能用。
Both her children are not outgoing.
她的两个孩子并非都外向。
many & much
1. many 修饰/代替可数名词复数
2. much 修饰/代替不可数名词
Many of the shops were run by Asians.
这些商店中有很多是亚洲人经营的。
Much of the land was flooded.
大片土地被洪水淹没。
little/a little & few/a few
1. little/a little 后接不可数名词
little:几乎没有(否定);a little:有一点(肯定)
2. few/a few 后接可数名词复数
few:几乎没有(否定);a few:有几个(肯定)
There is little time left.
几乎没剩下什么时间了。
We still have a little time.
我们还有一点时间。
Very few people know that.
几乎没人知道那件事。
I'd like to say a few words.
我想说几句话。
each & every
1. each:强调个体,两者及以上,可接of、可作同位语
2. every:强调整体,三者及以上,只作定语,可表「每隔……」
Each has his good point.
各人都有自己的优点。
Every worker was there and each did his work.
所有工人都在,各做各的事。
The Olympic Games are held every four years.
奥运会每四年举办一次。
other/the other/others/the other/another
1. the other:两者中的另一个
2. other+复数名词:泛指其他的
3. others:泛指其他人/物,不接名词
4. the others:特指其余全部人/物
5. another:三者及以上另一个、再一个
For some, shopping is an art; for others, it's a sport.
对有些人购物是艺术,对另一些人是消遣。
The other one was much too expensive.
另一个太贵了。
Please show me another.
请再给我看一个。
复合不定代词(some-/any-/every-/no-)
1. 定语后置修饰不定代词
2. someone/anyone等指人,不接of;分开写any one/every one可接of
3. 作主语谓语多用单数;指物用it指代
4. any-用于肯定句表「任何人/任何事」
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告诉你。
Every one of them likes playing football.
他们每个人都喜欢踢足球。
Nothing is left, is it?
什么都没剩下,是吗?
Anyone can do this job.
任何人都能做这份工作。
即时训练
1. There is ______ important on the noticeboard, so please read it first.
A. anything
B. something
C. nothing
D. everything
【答案】B
【解析】考点:复合不定代词与形容词后置。肯定句中表示“有重要内容”,用 something;important 放在复合不定代词后。
易错点:anything 常用于疑问/否定;nothing 与 so please read it 语义矛盾。
2. I do not like this pair of shoes. Could you show me another ______?
A. it
B. one
C. ones
D. that
【答案】B
【解析】考点:one 替代同类单数名词。another one 指另一双/另一件同类商品,one 替代 pair。
易错点:it 指同一物,不符合“再看另一个”的语境。
3. ______ of the two answers is correct; both need to be changed.
A. Both
B. Either
C. Neither
D. All
【答案】C
【解析】考点:neither 表两者都不。of the two answers 限定为两者,后句 both need to be changed 说明两个都不正确,用 Neither。
易错点:none 用于三者或以上;both 是肯定。
4. Each of the workers ______ a different task in the safety drill.
A. have
B. has
C. are having
D. were
【答案】B
【解析】考点:each 作主语的主谓一致。Each of + 复数名词 作主语时强调每一个,谓语用单数 has。
易错点:不要受 workers 复数影响选 have。
5. Would you like ______ warm water before the interview?
A. some
B. any
C. few
D. many
【答案】A
【解析】考点:some 用于请求/提供的疑问句。该疑问句表示礼貌提供,期待对方接受,用 some。
易错点:any 虽常用于疑问句,但在邀请、请求中 some 更自然。
【考点2 人称与物主代词的用法】
1.人称代词(主格/宾格)形式及用法
人称
主格
宾格
句法功能
英文例句
汉语注释
第一人称单数 我
I
me
主格作主语;宾格作宾语/口语表语
I’m confident that you will get the job.
我肯定你能得到那份工作。
第一人称复数 我们
we
us
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
We will go to the park tomorrow.
我们明天要去公园。
第二人称单/复数 你/你们
you
you
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
You should study hard.
你/你们应该努力学习。
第三人称单数 他
he
him
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
She never spoke to him again.
从那时起她就再也没和他说过话。
第三人称单数 她
she
her
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
She likes reading books.
她喜欢读书。
第三人称单数 它
it
it
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
It is a lovely cat.
它是一只可爱的猫。
第三人称复数 他们/她们/它们
they
them
主格作主语;宾格作宾语
I often play with them.
我经常和他们一起玩。
口语表语用法
—
me
口语中表语常用宾格
—Who is it? —It is me.
——是谁?——是我。
2.物主代词(形容词性/名词性)形式及用法
词义
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
句法功能
英文例句
汉语注释
我的
my
mine
形物代作定语;名物代作主/宾/表语
My room is upstairs and hers is downstairs.
我的房间在楼上,她的在楼下。
你的/你们的
your
yours
形物代作定语;名物代独立使用
This is your pen, not yours.
这是你的钢笔,不是你的那支。
他的
his
his
形/名物代同形
This is his book; that is his too.
这是他的书,那本也是他的。
她的
her
hers
形物代修饰名词;名物代单独用
Her bag is red, hers is blue.
她的包是红色,她的那只是蓝色。
它的
its
its
形/名物代同形
The dog is washing its face with its paw.
小狗在用爪子洗它的脸。
我们的
our
ours
形物代作定语;名物代独立指代
Our classroom is bigger than theirs.
我们的教室比他们的大。
他/她/它们的
their
theirs
形物代修饰名词;名物代单独使用
Their house is small, but theirs is big.
他们的房子很小,他们那套很大。
3.it作形式主语和形式宾语的用法
语法分类
句型结构
例句及翻译
要点说明
it 作形式主语
(真正主语后置:不定式/动名词/从句)
It + 谓语 + 不定式/从句
1. It is important for us to develop social skills at the workplace.
对我们来说,在工作场所培养社交能力很重要。
2. It is quite clear that he has read the book.
很显然,他已经读过这本书了。
3. It’s unknown how many accidents were caused by traffic jam.
不知交通堵塞引发了多少事故。
用于平衡句子结构,避免主语过长
It + be + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
It is hard for him to make up his mind.
他很难下定决心。
for 描述事物属性;常用词:important、difficult、necessary、impossible
It + be + adj. + of sb. to do sth.
It was foolish of her to say such words.
她说那样的话,真是太蠢了。
of 描述人物性格品质;常用词:kind、foolish、stupid、nice、selfish
It is no use / no good + doing sth.
It is no good reading without understanding.
只阅读不理解没有好处。
真正主语为动名词,表“做某事无用/无益”
It takes sb. + 时间段 + to do sth.
It took me two days to finish reading this book.
读完这本书花了我两天时间。
固定句型,表“做某事花费某人多久”
It’s high time to do sth.
It’s high time (that) sb. (should) do sth.
It’s high time to have classes. = It’s high time we should have classes.
到上课的时间了。
从句中should可省略,谓语用动词原形
It is + 序数词 + time that + 现在完成时
It was + 序数词 + time that + 过去完成时
1. It is my first time that I have won the match.
这是我第一次赢得比赛。
2. It was the third time that he had broken the rule.
这是他第三次违反规定。
主句be动词决定从句时态
It + be + 时间段 + before 从句
1. It will be over a month before we end our classes.
再过一个月我们才结课。
2. It was not long before the police caught the thief.
没过多久警察就抓住了小偷。
将来场景用主将从现;过去场景主过从过
It is / has been + 时间段 + since 从句
It is two years since I joined the army.
我参军两年了。
since从句通常使用一般过去时
it 作形式宾语
(后接宾语补足语,真正宾语后置)
常用动词:think/find/believe/make/feel/consider
主语 + 动词 + it + 宾补 + to do sth.
I find it hard to remember English words.
我觉得记英语单词很难。
真正宾语为动词不定式
主语 + 动词 + it + 宾补 + doing sth.
We thought it no use complaining.
我们认为抱怨没有用。
真正宾语为动名词短语
主语 + 动词 + it + 宾补 + that从句
I think it important that we should keep calm.
我认为我们保持冷静很重要。
真正宾语为that引导的宾语从句
即时训练
1. ______ is necessary to check the visitor list before the meeting.
A. It
B. This
C. That
D. One
【答案】A
【解析】考点:it 作形式主语。真正主语是 to check the visitor list,放在句首会头重脚轻,因此用 It 作形式主语。
易错点:this/that 有指示意义,不能承担此处的形式主语功能。
2. We found ______ useful to practise service English in pairs.
A. it
B. one
C. that
D. them
【答案】A
【解析】考点:it 作形式宾语。find it useful to do sth. 中 it 代替后面的不定式短语。
易错点:one 指同类事物;them 为复数宾格,不能代替不定式。
3. The guide showed ______ how to book tickets on the machine.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
【答案】B
【解析】考点:人称代词宾格。showed 后接宾语,表示“给我们演示”,应使用宾格 us。
易错点:we 是主格;our/ours 表所属,不作 showed 的宾语。
4. Each workshop should keep ______ tools in the correct box.
A. it
B. its
C. itself
D. theirs
【答案】B
【解析】考点:形容词性物主代词。tools 前需要限定词,workshop 作单数整体,用 its 修饰 tools。
易错点:it 是人称代词;itself 是反身代词;theirs 后不接名词。
5.This is not my safety card. ______ is in my jacket pocket.
A. My
B. Me
C. Mine
D. Myself
【答案】C
【解析】考点:名词性物主代词。Mine 相当于 my safety card,空后没有名词,应用名词性物主代词。
易错点:my 后必须接名词;myself 表反身,不表示所属物。
【考点3 反身代词的用法】
1.反身代词形式表
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself(我自己)
ourselves(我们自己)
第二人称
yourself(你自己)
yourselves(你们自己)
第三人称
himself(他自己)
herself(她自己)
itself(它自己)
themselves(他们/她们/它们自己)
2.反身代词用法与例句
作动词宾语
动作回到主语自身
She saw herself in the mirror.
她在镜子里看见了她自己。
作介词宾语
位于介词后,指代自己
You'd better take care of yourself.
你最好照顾好你自己。
作表语
用于be动词后,表示身份
Look! That's myself.
看!那就是我自己。
作同位语
加强语气,强调“本人/本身”
Study itself is not so enjoyable.
学习本身并不是那么让人愉快。
3.常用固定搭配(高频考点)
固定短语
中文意思
例句
汉语注释
by oneself
独自;单独
He can finish the work by himself.
他能独自完成这项工作。
enjoy oneself
玩得高兴
They enjoyed themselves yesterday.
他们昨天玩得很开心。
help oneself to
随便吃/随便用
Help yourself to some fruit.
随便吃点水果吧。
teach oneself
自学
She teaches herself English.
她自学英语。
dress oneself
自己穿衣
The child can dress himself now.
这个孩子现在会自己穿衣服了。
即时训练
1. The two students completed the survey by ______.
A. them
B. their
C. theirs
D. themselves
【答案】D
【解析】考点:反身代词固定搭配。by oneself 表“独自”,主语为 the two students,应用 themselves。
易错点:them 是宾格但不能构成 by oneself 的反身意义。
2. ______ notebook is on the information desk?
A. Who
B. Whose
C. Whom
D. What
【答案】B
【解析】考点:whose 表所属。空后有名词 notebook,询问“谁的笔记本”,用 Whose。
易错点:who/whom 不能直接修饰 notebook。
3. The nurse made ______ understood by using simple English.
A. she
B. her
C. herself
D. hers
【答案】C
【解析】考点:反身代词作宾补结构。make oneself understood 表“使自己被理解”,主语 nurse 对应用 herself。
易错点:her 是宾格,不能表达动作回到主语自身。
4. Be careful! Don’t hurt ________ when you cut the apple.
A.yourself B.himself C.herself D.themselves
【答案】A
【详解】考查反身代词辨析。句意:小心点!切苹果的时候别伤到你自己。A. yourself你自己;B. himself他自己;C. herself她自己;D. themselves他们自己。祈使句是对you发出的提醒,对应的反身代词需用 yourself,符合语境。故选A。
5.Please help ________ some fish.
A.you with B.yourself with C.yourself to D.you to
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:请随便吃点鱼。help oneself to sth.意为“随便吃某物”,此处用反身代词作宾语。故选C。
阅读下面短文。每行只有一处与代词、关系词有关的错误,请在右侧横线上写出改正内容。
I have a good friend who he is from Yan'an.
________ 1 ________
He likes the book which it tells stories about great workers.
________ 2 ________
Last week, he lent me a dictionary whose was very useful.
________ 3 ________
I asked him what could I do to improve my English.
________ 4 ________
He said the best way was to read every day and remember the words which they appeared often.
________ 5 ________
Then he introduced me to a teacher which taught him English before.
________ 6 ________
The teacher gave us some advice and told us who we should ask for help when we met problems.
________ 7 ________
After the talk, my friend and I made a small reading plan and checked it every weekend.
________ 8 ________
I also learned that what we need most is not only knowledge but also practice.
________ 9 ________
This is the reason which I keep reading aloud every morning.
________ 10 ________
【答案】1. 删去 he;2. 删去 it;3. whose→which/that;4. what could I do→what I could do;5. 删去 they;6. which→who/that;7. who→whom/who;8. what 使用正确;9. which→why;10. This 使用正确,不改。
【导语】本文围绕朋友推荐英语学习方法展开,集中考查关系代词重复、关系代词选择和宾语从句语序。
【详解】
1. 删去 he:who 已在定语从句中作主语,he 多余。
2. 删去 it:which 已在从句中作主语,it 多余。
3. whose→which/that:dictionary 在从句中作主语,应用 which 或 that。
4. what could I do→what I could do:宾语从句应用陈述语序。
5. 删去 they:which 已作 appeared 的主语,they 多余。
6. which→who/that:先行词 teacher 指人,关系代词应用 who 或 that。
7. who→whom/who:ask 后缺宾语,正式用 whom,口语中 who 也可。
8. what 使用正确:what 引导主语从句,并在从句中作 need 的宾语。
9. which→why:先行词 reason 表原因,定语从句中缺原因状语,应用 why。
10. This 使用正确:This 指代前文整件事,原文无误。
1. (2025陕西职教单招第8小题)He knows ______ about the city, for he has never been there before.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
【答案】C
【详解】根据 for he has never been there before 可知,他对这座城市不了解,用 nothing。
2. (2025陕西职教单招第16小题)Jim told his daughter that she could have ______ she wanted for Christmas.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whenever D. wherever
【答案】A
【详解】句意为“她想要什么都可以有”,whatever 引导宾语从句,相当于 anything that。
3. (2025陕西职教单招第22小题)Do you want to change this lamp for ______ or do you want your money back? A. it B. one C. another D. others
【答案】C
【详解】change sth. for another 表示“换另一个”。
4. (2023陕西职教单招第6小题)On Monday mornings it usually ______ me an hour to drive to work.
A. takes B. spends C. costs D. pays
【答案】A
【详解】It takes sb. some time to do sth. 为固定句型。
5. (2022陕西职教单招第23小题)It was so noisy that I could not make myself ______ clearly.
A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear
【答案】C
【详解】make oneself heard 表示“使自己被听见”。
下列句子摘录自陕西历年真题中的代词相关错点,请在右侧横线上写出改正内容。
(2023陕西职教单招第66小题)Once there was a boy who he liked reading books very much.
________ 1 ________
【答案】删去 he
【详解】删去 he:who 已作定语从句主语,后面不能再重复使用 he。
(2023陕西职教单招第68小题)He had no books of him own.
________ 2 ________
【答案】him→his
【详解】him→his:of one's own 表示“某人自己的”,应用形容词性物主代词 his。
(2022陕西职教单招第74小题)She asked hers desk-mate, who dared not say anything.
________ 3 ________
【答案】hers→her
【详解】hers→her:desk-mate 前应用形容词性物主代词 her。
(2021陕西职教单招第70小题)A friend of me suggested that I should go to work by bike.
________ 4 ________
【答案】me→mine
【详解】me→mine:a friend of mine 为双重所有格结构,of 后用名词性物主代词。
(2025陕西职教单招第74小题)Luckily, I haven't some classes this afternoon, and I have to go to town again.
________ 5 ________
【答案】some→any
【详解】some→any:否定句中表示“一些”通常用 any。
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