专题02 名词、数词与量词（讲义）-2027年陕西省（职教单招）《英语一轮讲练测》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2027年陕西省（职教单招）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣陕西职教单招英语真题考情，将代词知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、真题溯源训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年陕西省（职教单招）《英语一轮讲练测》的第2个专题，内容为名词、数词和量词。 2027年陕西省（职教单招） 《英语一轮讲练测》复习讲义 专题02 名词、数词与量词 目录 01 考情解码 · 命题预警 02 体系构建 · 思维可视 03 核心突破 · 靶向攻坚 考点1 可数名词、不可数名词与名词具体化 即时训练 考点2 名词复数与主谓一致 即时训练 考点3 量词与数量限定词 即时训练 考点4 名词所有格、复合名词与名词作定语 即时训练 考点5 基数词、序数词与常见编号表达 即时训练 考点6 分数、百分数、时间与计量表达 即时训练 04 真题溯源 · 考向感知 考点 内容解读 陕西省2021—2025年职教单招真题统计（题号） 2021年 2022年 2023年 2024年 2025年 可数/不可数名词辨析 考查根据语境判断名词的可数性，进而确定谓语动词单复数、修饰词（much/many/fewer等）和量词搭配。常见不可数名词包括advice、experience、weather、ink、bread等。解题时需先识别名词属性，再匹配相应语法形式。 （15）（19） （9）（16） （13） 名词单复数与集合名词 考查名词单复数形式的正确使用，包括one of + 复数名词、集合名词（people等）作主语时的谓语形式，以及短文改错中单复数的误用。解题关键是根据限定词、修饰语和语境语义判断单复数。 （71） （72） （57） 名词词义辨析与单词拼写 主要分布在单词拼写填空题，要求学生根据汉语提示写出正确的名词形式，如moon、camera、winter、cinema、football、language、basketball等。选择题中也涉及近义名词的语境辨析，如experience在“新护士照顾病人”语境中为“经验”。 （56）（57）（58） （16）（57）（62） （56）（57）（59） （56）（58） 名词所有格与名词作定语 考查's所有格和名词作定语的单复数规则。名词作定语时通常用单数形式（如flower shop），改错中常见误用复数。所有格考查包括's所有格表示所属关系和双重所有格的识别。 （28） （70） 基数词、序数词与量词 基数词考查hundred/thousand/million前有具体数字时用单数、不加of；序数词考查third等拼写及“the+序数词+最高级”结构；量词考查a piece of bread、lots of等固定搭配中名词的可数/不可数匹配。 （13） （56） （7） （13）（32） 命题预警 基础题仍会围绕不可数名词、名词复数、量词短语、名词所有格、序数词和具体数字表达设置。命题常用形式相近但结构错误的选项作干扰，如 a bread、some breads、two thousands、two hour talk、many information、an advice 等；学生复习时不能只背词义，必须把限定词、名词形式和固定结构一起判断。 综合题会继续把数字信息放入海报、通知、旅行、电影、职业活动、校园实践等语境中，考查日期、时长、人数、价格、比例、年龄限制、电话和单位换算。阅读理解尤其要训练“圈数字—看单位—找对象—核条件”的步骤，防止只看到数字而忽略 free tickets、under 10、from...to...、for three weeks 等限制。 短文改错与书面表达应重点排查五类问题：一是不可数名词误加 -s；二是数词后名词单复数错误；三是量词短语中 piece/pair/bottle 等形式错误；四是所有格共有与各有混淆；五是序数词、分数、百分数和复合定语表达不规范。预计2027年仍以基础规则为核心，但会通过更贴近职业教育生活和校园实践的语篇提升综合运用要求。 【考点1 可数名词、不可数名词与名词具体化】 考情定位：陕西卷直接考过 bread 的量化表达，并在汉语提示填空中通过固定结构考查可数名词复数。本考点是名词专题的基础，也是量词、数量限定词和主谓一致判断的前提。 1. 基本判断 类别 核心特征 常见搭配 示例 可数名词 可用 a/an、数词修饰；有单复数。 a book; two books; many books; How many books? student, apple, building, idea 不可数名词 一般不直接用 a/an 或数词；通常无复数。 some water; much information; How much milk? bread, advice, furniture, homework 既可数又不可数 词义变化后可数性变化。 a chicken / chicken; a paper / paper 鸡 / 鸡肉；论文 / 纸张 2. 必背不可数名词 （必背）advice, information, news, furniture, homework, work, bread, milk, rice, money, traffic, luggage, weather, progress, equipment。它们不能直接用 a/an 或数字 修饰，也不能随意加 -s。 3. 名词具体化 有些本来不可数的名词表示“具体的一次、一件、一个人或一种情况”时可以变为可数名词。如：a coffee（一杯咖啡）；two papers（两篇论文/两份报纸）；a success（一件成功的事/一个成功的人）；an experience（一次经历）。具体含义必须由语境决定。 【易错提醒】不要把“汉语里可以数”直接等同于“英语里可数”。例如：一条建议应说 a piece of advice，不说 an advice；两件家具应说 two pieces of furniture，不说 two furnitures。 【即时训练】 一、单项选择 1. I’m hungry. Could you give me ______? A. a bread B. a bread piece C. a piece of bread D. two pieces breads 2. We need some ______ for the new reading room. A. furniture B. furnitures C. a furniture D. pieces of furnitures 3. The news ______ exciting, and all the students are happy. A. are B. were C. is D. have 4. I saw two ______ running in the yard. A. chicken B. chickens C. chicken meat D. meats 5. There is a lot of ______ to do before the final exam. A. homework B. homeworks C. a homework D. two homeworks 二、短文改错 下面短文中共有10处错误，请在原文中找出并改正。 Last Friday, our class prepared a small book fair to raise money for the school library. —— 1 —— Before the activity, each group made a list of things it needed. —— 2 —— Li Hua brought three breads and two furnitures for the rest area. —— 3 —— Wang Mei gave us an advice about selling old books at low prices. —— 4 —— We also placed some useful informations about the fair on the class wall. —— 5 —— Every visitor received a piece of papers with a map. —— 6—— At noon, several students asked for two milk and a coffee. —— 7 —— Our monitor collected the homeworks of the volunteers after the activity and wrote down their experience. —— 8 —— There were many luggages and equipments near the door because some parents came from other towns. —— 9 —— In the end, the teacher gave us several useful advice and said that our work was a success. —— 10—— 【考点2 名词复数与主谓一致】 考情定位：名词复数既可在选择题中直接考查，也常藏在 one of、a number of、many、several、these 等结构中。汉语提示填空尤其要注意“中文看似单数，英语因固定结构必须用复数”的情况。 1. 常见复数变化 类型 变化规则 示例 易错点 一般情况 词尾加 -s book → books 不能漏写复数词尾。 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾 词尾加 -es bus → buses; watch → watches 注意 watch、box 等。 辅音字母 + y y 变 i 再加 -es city → cities boy、day 中 y 前为元音，只加 -s。 以 f / fe 结尾 多数变 f / fe 为 v 再加 -es knife → knives; wife → wives roof、chief、belief 通常直接加 -s。 以 o 结尾 部分加 -es，部分加 -s potato → potatoes; photo → photos 常考 potato / tomato；photo / piano 直接加 -s。 不规则变化 需重点记忆 man → men; child → children; foot → feet woman doctor → women doctors。 单复数同形 单数、复数形式相同 sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese 要结合数词和谓语判断数量。 2. 结构信号 （重点）one of + the/形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数；a number of + 可数名词复数 + 复数谓语；the number of + 可数名词复数 + 单数谓语。 （易错点）police, people, cattle 通常表示复数概念；maths、news 等虽然以 -s 结尾，但多作单数概念。 【即时训练】 一、单项选择 1. There are two ______ in the school clinic. A. woman doctor B. women doctors C. women doctor D. woman doctors 2. One of the ______ is absent today. A. student B. students C. student’s D. students’ 3. The ______ are checking the road after the accident. A. police B. policeman C. polices D. policewoman 4. A number of tourists ______ already arrived at the station. A. has B. have C. is D. was 5. There are three ______ in the kitchen. A. tomatoes B. tomatos C. tomato D. tomato’s 二、短文改错 下面短文中共有10处错误，请在原文中找出并改正 Last Saturday, our school held a Garden Day. —— 1 —— More than five hundred student joined it. —— 2 —— Five woman teacher and two coachs from a local farm showed us how to grow vegetables. —— 3 —— Several child from Grade Seven watered the plants, while three deers were seen near the small lake outside the garden. —— 4 —— Our class planted many potatos and tomato in the new field. —— 5 —— A number of player from the school football team were also there to carry soil. —— 6 —— The number of teams working in the garden were twelve. —— 7 —— Li Ming was one of the best runner and worked from morning to noon. —— 8 —— At the end, all the teachers said that the activity had taught us to care for nature and work with others. —— 9 —— We all hoped to join another school activity like this next month. —— 10 —— 【考点3 量词与数量限定词】 考情定位：量词是陕西职教单招英语中最实用的数量表达形式。2025年第13题直接考查 a piece of bread。题目常通过不可数名词、量词复数和 few/little 的语义差异设置干扰。 1. 不可数名词的量化 表达类别 结构 示例 复数变化 片、条、则 a piece of + 不可数名词 a piece of bread / advice / news two pieces of ... 杯、瓶、碗 a cup / bottle / bowl of + 不可数名词 a bottle of water; two bowls of rice 量词 bottle / bowl 变复数 袋、盒、包 a bag / box / packet of + 名词 three bags of flour 量词变复数 双、套 a pair of + 复数名词 a pair of shoes; two pairs of jeans pair 变复数，后名词保持复数 2. 常用数量限定词 修饰对象 表示“有一些” 表示“几乎没有” 提问 可数名词复数 a few / many / several few How many ...? 不可数名词 a little / much little How much ...? 两者都可修饰 some / any / a lot of / lots of / plenty of （易错点）a few / a little 表示“有一点”，含肯定意味；few / little 表示“几乎没有”，含否定意味。too many 修饰可数名词复数，too much 修饰不可数名词。 【即时训练】 1. There is ______ water in the bottle, so we need to buy some. A. few B. little C. a few D. many 2. I have ______ close friends in my class, so I never feel lonely. A. few B. little C. a few D. a little 3. We need ______ for the picnic. A. two bottle of juice B. two bottles of juice C. two bottles juice D. two bottle juice 4. How ______ bread would you like? A. many B. much C. few D. little 5. There are ______ people in the hall than yesterday. A. less B. fewer C. little D. much 【考点4 名词所有格、复合名词与名词作定语】 考情定位：所有格题常把“共同拥有”与“分别拥有”混在同一题中；复合名词和名词作定语则多考单复数形式。此类题看似零散，实质都依赖于“中心词是谁、所有关系如何、结构中哪个词需要变形”的判断。 1. 名词所有格 结构 用法 示例 单数名词 + ’s 表示单数所属关系。 the teacher’s office 复数名词词尾有 -s：+ ’ 表示复数所属关系。 the students’ books A and B’s + 单数名词 两人共同拥有。 Tom and Jack’s room A’s and B’s + 复数名词 两人分别拥有。 Tom’s and Jack’s rooms of + ’s 所有格 双重所有格，常表示“……中的一个”。 a friend of my father’s 时间/距离 + ’s 常用于时间、距离、价值。 a day’s work; two hours’ walk 2. 复合名词与名词作定语 复合名词的复数通常变化核心词：passer-by → passers-by，mother-in-law → mothers-in-law。名词作定语时一般用单数，如 shoe factory, apple trees；但 man / woman 作定语修饰复数名词时，二者都要变复数，如 men teachers, women doctors。 【即时训练】 一、单项选择 1. This is ______ bedroom. A. Tom and Jack B. Tom’s and Jack’s C. Tom and Jack’s D. Tom’s and Jack 2. These are ______ notebooks. They each have one. A. Lucy and Lily’s B. Lucy’s and Lily’s C. Lucy and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily 3. The village is ______ from here. A. a two-hour walk B. a two-hours walk C. two-hour’s walk D. a two-hours’ walk 4. Mr. Li is ______. He often gives me useful advice. A. a friend of my father B. a friend of my father’s C. my father’s a friend D. a friend of my fathers 5. The company plans to build a new ______ near the station. A. shoes factory B. shoe factory C. shoe’s factory D. shoes’ factory 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。短文词数约300词，分为3个自然段，设10个空，重点训练名词所有格、复合名词和名词作定语。 Last Thursday, our ____1____ Career Skills Day brought together students, teachers and parents. The event was held in the new training building, and each class prepared a display about a different job. Class 1 showed how to make simple wooden toys, while Class 2 introduced a _____2___ workshop. Before the activity began, four ____3____ from local companies gave short talks about their work. They also answered the students’ questions and shared practical advice about future jobs. The rooms had been cleaned the day before, and the teachers put safety signs at the doors. Every group had one task, such as checking tools, preparing posters or welcoming guests. At ten o’clock, many ____4____ arrived and visited the displays with their children. Our class monitor, the ____5____, divided us into small groups. One group explained how to use a computer safely, and another demonstrated a ____6____ project. The project was designed by two students and finished with help from the school’s art teacher. At every table, there was a card with the ____7____ names and the materials they had used. The visitors said that the students’ work was clear, creative and useful. A group of younger students listened carefully, because they wanted to know what they could learn in the vocational classes next year. In the afternoon, we had a ____8____ break and then continued the activity. The teachers asked us to collect the ____9____ suggestions before they left. Most of them hoped that the school could hold a similar event next term. Several parents offered to bring more old machines and books for future practice. They believed that real objects could make the lessons more interesting. At the end of the day, our head teacher thanked everyone for the ___10_____ success. She said that teamwork and careful preparation had made the event special. 1. A. school B. schools C. school’s D. schools’ 2. A. computers repair B. computer repair C. computer repairs D. computer’s repair 3. A. woman engineers B. women engineers C. women engineer D. woman engineer 4. A. parent B. parents C. parent’s D. parents’ 5. A. class leader B. class’s leader C. classes leader D. class leaders 6. A. students-made B. student-make C. student-made D. students-making 7. A. visitor B. visitors C. visitor’s D. visitors’ 8. A. fifteen minutes B. fifteen-minute C. fifteen-minutes D. fifteen minute’s 9. A. visitor’s B. visitors C. visitors’ D. visitor 10. A. day B. day’s C. days D. days’ 【考点5 基数词、序数词与常见编号表达】 考情定位：基数词和序数词除了考拼写与形式，还常与年龄、班级、页码、房间号、楼层、日期和大数表达结合。题干中的数字往往不是单独命题，而是触发名词形式、冠词或固定表达的线索。 1. 基数词 知识点 规则 示例 hundred / thousand / million 前有具体数字时用单数，不加 of。 three hundred students; five thousand yuan 概数表达 hundreds / thousands / millions of + 复数名词。 hundreds of visitors 年龄 表语：five years old；定语：a five-year-old boy。 He is ten years old. / a ten-year-old boy 编号 Room 305; Bus No. 6; Class Two, Grade One; Page Ten。 编号多用“名词 + 基数词”。 2. 序数词 要点 示例 提示 常见不规则 first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, twentieth 注意 third、fifth、twelfth、twentieth 的拼写。 几十几 twenty-first, thirty-second, forty-third 只把个位变成序数词，并用连字符。 前面的冠词 the first day；my first day 有物主代词时，一般不再加 the。 日期/楼层/顺序 the second floor; the third lesson; May 6th 语境决定是否需要 the。 【易错提醒】不要混淆“three years old”（作表语）和“a three-year-old child”（作定语）。复合定语中的名词必须用单数，并用连字符连接。 【即时训练】 1. There are about ______ students in our school. A. eight hundreds B. eight hundred C. eight hundred of D. hundreds 2. ______ people visited the museum during the holiday. A. Two thousand of B. Two thousands C. Thousands of D. Thousand of 3. Today is my brother’s ______ birthday. A. twenty B. twentieth C. the twentieth D. twenties 4. This is the ______ time I have met him. A. three B. third C. thirtieth D. three times 5. He is a ______ boy who can look after himself. A. ten years old B. ten-year-old C. ten-years-old D. ten-year-olds 【考点6 分数、百分数、时间与计量表达】 考情定位：分数、百分数、时间和长度常出现在海报、通知、图表、人物介绍与校园活动叙述中。其难点不仅是“怎么读”，更在于后接名词和谓语动词如何保持一致。 1. 分数与百分数 项目 规则 示例 分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于1，分母加 -s。 one third; two thirds; three fourths 特殊分数 1/2 = one half / a half；1/4 = one fourth / a quarter。 one and a half hours 百分数 基数词 + percent；percent 不加 -s。 sixty percent 谓语一致 of 后的名词决定谓语单复数。 Two thirds of the milk is... / 60% of students are... 2. 时间与计量 表达 正确形式 说明 时间长度 three hours; a three-hour meeting 作表语/宾语时名词复数；作定语时名词单数。 钟点 half past six; a quarter to eight 6:30 = half past six；7:45 = a quarter to eight。 长度/高度 two metres long; three metres high 量词单位通常用复数。 价格/年龄限制 £3.50; children under 18 阅读中要同时看数字、货币单位和条件。 【即时训练】 1. Two thirds of the milk ______ in the fridge. A. are B. is C. were D. have 2. Sixty percent of the students ______ the school club every week. A. joins B. join C. is joining D. has joined 3. It took us ______ to finish the work. A. three hour B. three hours C. three hours’ D. three-hour 4. The meeting begins at 7:45. A. a quarter past seven B. a quarter to eight C. fifteen to seven D. half past seven 5. We had a ______ meeting yesterday afternoon. A. two-hour B. two-hours C. two hours D. two hour 6. The train will arrive in ______. A. one and half hour B. one and a half hours C. one and a half hour D. one hours and a half 二、短文改错 下面短文中共有10处错误，请在原文中找出并改正。 On Friday, our cooking club met at 7:45, or a quarter past eight, in the training kitchen. —— 1 —— Before class, several students walked 1.5 kilometer from the bus stop to the building. —— 2 —— We spent two hour preparing tools and washing vegetables. —— 3 —— Our teacher asked us to bring three kilo rice and half a bottle of oil. —— 4 —— Then we watched a one and half hour video about healthy food. —— 5 —— After that, we used two third of the milk to make soup. —— 6—— About thirty percent of the students joins the bread-making group. —— 7 —— At noon, we had a three-hours break before cleaning the room. —— 8 —— It took us two and half hours to finish all the work. —— 9 —— In the end, everyone said the cooking lesson was both useful and interesting. —— 10 —— 一、真题溯源选择与填空 1. （2025 陕西职教单招第13小题）I’m hungry. Give me ______, please. A. a bread B. some breads C. a piece of bread D. two pieces of breads 2. （2025 陕西职教单招第20小题）Helen has spent three hours ______ her term paper and now she is tired. A. revise B. revising C. to revise D. revised 3. （2025 陕西职教单招第57小题）The Sears Tower is one of the tallest ______ (大楼) in the world. 4. （2025 陕西职教单招第58小题）I’ll go and see you next ______ (星期四). 二、短文改错 （2021陕西职教单招短文改错第73小题）It takes fifty minute to get there by bus. ________ 60 ________ （2021陕西职教单招短文改错第75小题）In fact, this way I save a few money and I feel very well. ________ 61 ________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027年陕西省（职教单招）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣陕西职教单招英语真题考情，将代词知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、真题溯源训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年陕西省（职教单招）《英语一轮讲练测》的第2个专题，内容为名词、数词和量词。 2027年陕西省（职教单招） 《英语一轮讲练测》复习讲义 专题02 名词、数词与量词 目录 01 考情解码 · 命题预警 02 体系构建 · 思维可视 03 核心突破 · 靶向攻坚 考点1 可数名词、不可数名词与名词具体化 即时训练 考点2 名词复数与主谓一致 即时训练 考点3 量词与数量限定词 即时训练 考点4 名词所有格、复合名词与名词作定语 即时训练 考点5 基数词、序数词与常见编号表达 即时训练 考点6 分数、百分数、时间与计量表达 即时训练 04 真题溯源 · 考向感知 考点 内容解读 陕西省2021—2025年职教单招真题统计（题号） 2021年 2022年 2023年 2024年 2025年 可数/不可数名词辨析 考查根据语境判断名词的可数性，进而确定谓语动词单复数、修饰词（much/many/fewer等）和量词搭配。常见不可数名词包括advice、experience、weather、ink、bread等。解题时需先识别名词属性，再匹配相应语法形式。 （15）（19） （9）（16） （13） 名词单复数与集合名词 考查名词单复数形式的正确使用，包括one of + 复数名词、集合名词（people等）作主语时的谓语形式，以及短文改错中单复数的误用。解题关键是根据限定词、修饰语和语境语义判断单复数。 （71） （72） （57） 名词词义辨析与单词拼写 主要分布在单词拼写填空题，要求学生根据汉语提示写出正确的名词形式，如moon、camera、winter、cinema、football、language、basketball等。选择题中也涉及近义名词的语境辨析，如experience在“新护士照顾病人”语境中为“经验”。 （56）（57）（58） （16）（57）（62） （56）（57）（59） （56）（58） 名词所有格与名词作定语 考查's所有格和名词作定语的单复数规则。名词作定语时通常用单数形式（如flower shop），改错中常见误用复数。所有格考查包括's所有格表示所属关系和双重所有格的识别。 （28） （70） 基数词、序数词与量词 基数词考查hundred/thousand/million前有具体数字时用单数、不加of；序数词考查third等拼写及“the+序数词+最高级”结构；量词考查a piece of bread、lots of等固定搭配中名词的可数/不可数匹配。 （13） （56） （7） （13）（32） 命题预警 基础题仍会围绕不可数名词、名词复数、量词短语、名词所有格、序数词和具体数字表达设置。命题常用形式相近但结构错误的选项作干扰，如 a bread、some breads、two thousands、two hour talk、many information、an advice 等；学生复习时不能只背词义，必须把限定词、名词形式和固定结构一起判断。 综合题会继续把数字信息放入海报、通知、旅行、电影、职业活动、校园实践等语境中，考查日期、时长、人数、价格、比例、年龄限制、电话和单位换算。阅读理解尤其要训练“圈数字—看单位—找对象—核条件”的步骤，防止只看到数字而忽略 free tickets、under 10、from...to...、for three weeks 等限制。 短文改错与书面表达应重点排查五类问题：一是不可数名词误加 -s；二是数词后名词单复数错误；三是量词短语中 piece/pair/bottle 等形式错误；四是所有格共有与各有混淆；五是序数词、分数、百分数和复合定语表达不规范。预计2027年仍以基础规则为核心，但会通过更贴近职业教育生活和校园实践的语篇提升综合运用要求。 【考点1 可数名词、不可数名词与名词具体化】 考情定位：陕西卷直接考过 bread 的量化表达，并在汉语提示填空中通过固定结构考查可数名词复数。本考点是名词专题的基础，也是量词、数量限定词和主谓一致判断的前提。 1. 基本判断 类别 核心特征 常见搭配 示例 可数名词 可用 a/an、数词修饰；有单复数。 a book; two books; many books; How many books? student, apple, building, idea 不可数名词 一般不直接用 a/an 或数词；通常无复数。 some water; much information; How much milk? bread, advice, furniture, homework 既可数又不可数 词义变化后可数性变化。 a chicken / chicken; a paper / paper 鸡 / 鸡肉；论文 / 纸张 2. 必背不可数名词 （必背）advice, information, news, furniture, homework, work, bread, milk, rice, money, traffic, luggage, weather, progress, equipment。它们不能直接用 a/an 或数字 修饰，也不能随意加 -s。 3. 名词具体化 有些本来不可数的名词表示“具体的一次、一件、一个人或一种情况”时可以变为可数名词。如：a coffee（一杯咖啡）；two papers（两篇论文/两份报纸）；a success（一件成功的事/一个成功的人）；an experience（一次经历）。具体含义必须由语境决定。 【易错提醒】不要把“汉语里可以数”直接等同于“英语里可数”。例如：一条建议应说 a piece of advice，不说 an advice；两件家具应说 two pieces of furniture，不说 two furnitures。 【即时训练】 一、单项选择 1. I’m hungry. Could you give me ______? A. a bread B. a bread piece C. a piece of bread D. two pieces breads 【答案】C 【详解】bread 是不可数名词，表示“一片面包”要用“a piece of bread”。 2. We need some ______ for the new reading room. A. furniture B. furnitures C. a furniture D. pieces of furnitures 【答案】A 【详解】furniture 是不可数名词；some 后可直接接不可数名词，不能加 -s。 3. The news ______ exciting, and all the students are happy. A. are B. were C. is D. have 【答案】C 【详解】news 形式上以 -s 结尾，但作“消息”讲时是不可数名词，谓语用单数。 4. I saw two ______ running in the yard. A. chicken B. chickens C. chicken meat D. meats 【答案】B 【详解】chicken 表示“鸡”时是可数名词；two 后用复数 chickens。 5. There is a lot of ______ to do before the final exam. A. homework B. homeworks C. a homework D. two homeworks 【答案】A 【详解】homework 是不可数名词；a lot of 后可接不可数名词。 二、短文改错 下面短文中共有10处错误，请在原文中找出并改正。 Last Friday, our class prepared a small book fair to raise money for the school library. —— 1 —— Before the activity, each group made a list of things it needed. —— 2 —— Li Hua brought three breads and two furnitures for the rest area. —— 3 —— Wang Mei gave us an advice about selling old books at low prices. —— 4 —— We also placed some useful informations about the fair on the class wall. —— 5 —— Every visitor received a piece of papers with a map. —— 6—— At noon, several students asked for two milk and a coffee. —— 7 —— Our monitor collected the homeworks of the volunteers after the activity and wrote down their experience. —— 8 —— There were many luggages and equipments near the door because some parents came from other towns. —— 9 —— In the end, the teacher gave us several useful advice and said that our work was a success. —— 10—— 【答案】1. breads→pieces of bread；2. furnitures→pieces of furniture；3. an advice→a piece of advice；4. informations→information；5. papers→paper；6. two milk→two bottles of milk；7. homeworks→homework；8. luggages→luggage；9. equipments→equipment；10. several useful advice→several pieces of advice。 【导语】本文围绕一次校园图书义卖活动展开，集中训练不可数名词的量化、不可数名词不能随意加 -s 以及名词具体化表达。 【详解】 1. breads→pieces of bread：bread 是不可数名词，表示数量时要借助 piece。 2. furnitures→pieces of furniture：furniture 是不可数名词，不能直接加 -s。 3. an advice→a piece of advice：advice 是不可数名词，不能直接与 an 连用。 4. informations→information：information 为不可数名词，无复数形式。 5. papers→paper：a piece of 后接不可数名词 paper。 6. two milk→two bottles of milk：milk 为不可数名词，数量表达要借助量词 bottle。 7. homeworks→homework：homework 为不可数名词，不能加 -s。 8. luggages→luggage：luggage 为不可数名词，不能加 -s。 9. equipments→equipment：equipment 为不可数名词，不能直接用 many 修饰。 10. several useful advice→several pieces of advice：several 后接可数名词复数，应用 pieces of advice。 【考点2 名词复数与主谓一致】 考情定位：名词复数既可在选择题中直接考查，也常藏在 one of、a number of、many、several、these 等结构中。汉语提示填空尤其要注意“中文看似单数，英语因固定结构必须用复数”的情况。 1. 常见复数变化 类型 变化规则 示例 易错点 一般情况 词尾加 -s book → books 不能漏写复数词尾。 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾 词尾加 -es bus → buses; watch → watches 注意 watch、box 等。 辅音字母 + y y 变 i 再加 -es city → cities boy、day 中 y 前为元音，只加 -s。 以 f / fe 结尾 多数变 f / fe 为 v 再加 -es knife → knives; wife → wives roof、chief、belief 通常直接加 -s。 以 o 结尾 部分加 -es，部分加 -s potato → potatoes; photo → photos 常考 potato / tomato；photo / piano 直接加 -s。 不规则变化 需重点记忆 man → men; child → children; foot → feet woman doctor → women doctors。 单复数同形 单数、复数形式相同 sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese 要结合数词和谓语判断数量。 2. 结构信号 （重点）one of + the/形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数；a number of + 可数名词复数 + 复数谓语；the number of + 可数名词复数 + 单数谓语。 （易错点）police, people, cattle 通常表示复数概念；maths、news 等虽然以 -s 结尾，但多作单数概念。 【即时训练】 一、单项选择 1. There are two ______ in the school clinic. A. woman doctor B. women doctors C. women doctor D. woman doctors 【答案】B 【详解】man / woman 作定语修饰复数名词时，定语和中心词都要变复数：women doctors。 2. One of the ______ is absent today. A. student B. students C. student’s D. students’ 【答案】B 【详解】one of 后面接可数名词复数，表示“……中的一个”。 3. The ______ are checking the road after the accident. A. police B. policeman C. polices D. policewoman 【答案】A 【详解】police 表示“警察（们）”时为复数概念，不能说 polices。 4. A number of tourists ______ already arrived at the station. A. has B. have C. is D. was 【答案】B 【详解】a number of + 复数名词作主语，谓语用复数；tourists 也应为复数。 5. There are three ______ in the kitchen. A. tomatoes B. tomatos C. tomato D. tomato’s 【答案】A 【详解】tomato 的复数形式为 tomatoes。 二、短文改错 下面短文中共有10处错误，请在原文中找出并改正 Last Saturday, our school held a Garden Day. —— 1 —— More than five hundred student joined it. —— 2 —— Five woman teacher and two coachs from a local farm showed us how to grow vegetables. —— 3 —— Several child from Grade Seven watered the plants, while three deers were seen near the small lake outside the garden. —— 4 —— Our class planted many potatos and tomato in the new field. —— 5 —— A number of player from the school football team were also there to carry soil. —— 6 —— The number of teams working in the garden were twelve. —— 7 —— Li Ming was one of the best runner and worked from morning to noon. —— 8 —— At the end, all the teachers said that the activity had taught us to care for nature and work with others. —— 9 —— We all hoped to join another school activity like this next month. —— 10 —— 【答案】1. student→students；2. woman teacher→women teachers；3. coachs→coaches；4. child→children；5. deers→deer；6. potatos→potatoes；7. tomato→tomatoes；8. player→players；9. were→was；10. runner→runners。 【导语】本文介绍一次校园花园日活动，集中训练规则与不规则复数、单复数同形名词，以及 a number of/the number of 的主谓一致。 【详解】 1. student→students：five hundred 后接可数名词复数。 2. woman teacher→women teachers：woman 作定语修饰复数名词时，两部分都要变复数。 3. coachs→coaches：以 ch 结尾的可数名词复数一般加 -es。 4. child→children：child 的复数为不规则形式 children。 5. deers→deer：deer 是单复数同形名词。 6. potatos→potatoes：potato 的复数形式为 potatoes。 7. tomato→tomatoes：many 后接可数名词复数，tomato 要变为 tomatoes。 8. player→players：a number of 后接可数名词复数。 9. were→was：the number of + 复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 10. runner→runners：one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数。 【考点3 量词与数量限定词】 考情定位：量词是陕西职教单招英语中最实用的数量表达形式。2025年第13题直接考查 a piece of bread。题目常通过不可数名词、量词复数和 few/little 的语义差异设置干扰。 1. 不可数名词的量化 表达类别 结构 示例 复数变化 片、条、则 a piece of + 不可数名词 a piece of bread / advice / news two pieces of ... 杯、瓶、碗 a cup / bottle / bowl of + 不可数名词 a bottle of water; two bowls of rice 量词 bottle / bowl 变复数 袋、盒、包 a bag / box / packet of + 名词 three bags of flour 量词变复数 双、套 a pair of + 复数名词 a pair of shoes; two pairs of jeans pair 变复数，后名词保持复数 2. 常用数量限定词 修饰对象 表示“有一些” 表示“几乎没有” 提问 可数名词复数 a few / many / several few How many ...? 不可数名词 a little / much little How much ...? 两者都可修饰 some / any / a lot of / lots of / plenty of （易错点）a few / a little 表示“有一点”，含肯定意味；few / little 表示“几乎没有”，含否定意味。too many 修饰可数名词复数，too much 修饰不可数名词。 【即时训练】 1. There is ______ water in the bottle, so we need to buy some. A. few B. little C. a few D. many 【答案】B 【详解】water 是不可数名词；后文说“需要买一些”，说明几乎没有，用 little。 2. I have ______ close friends in my class, so I never feel lonely. A. few B. little C. a few D. a little 【答案】C 【详解】friends 是可数名词复数；句意表示“有几个朋友”，用 a few。 3. We need ______ for the picnic. A. two bottle of juice B. two bottles of juice C. two bottles juice D. two bottle juice 【答案】B 【详解】数量超过一时，量词 bottle 变复数；juice 仍为不可数名词。 4. How ______ bread would you like? A. many B. much C. few D. little 【答案】B 【详解】bread 是不可数名词，询问数量用 How much。 5. There are ______ people in the hall than yesterday. A. less B. fewer C. little D. much 【答案】B 【详解】people 为可数名词复数，比较“更少”用 fewer。 【考点4 名词所有格、复合名词与名词作定语】 考情定位：所有格题常把“共同拥有”与“分别拥有”混在同一题中；复合名词和名词作定语则多考单复数形式。此类题看似零散，实质都依赖于“中心词是谁、所有关系如何、结构中哪个词需要变形”的判断。 1. 名词所有格 结构 用法 示例 单数名词 + ’s 表示单数所属关系。 the teacher’s office 复数名词词尾有 -s：+ ’ 表示复数所属关系。 the students’ books A and B’s + 单数名词 两人共同拥有。 Tom and Jack’s room A’s and B’s + 复数名词 两人分别拥有。 Tom’s and Jack’s rooms of + ’s 所有格 双重所有格，常表示“……中的一个”。 a friend of my father’s 时间/距离 + ’s 常用于时间、距离、价值。 a day’s work; two hours’ walk 2. 复合名词与名词作定语 复合名词的复数通常变化核心词：passer-by → passers-by，mother-in-law → mothers-in-law。名词作定语时一般用单数，如 shoe factory, apple trees；但 man / woman 作定语修饰复数名词时，二者都要变复数，如 men teachers, women doctors。 【即时训练】 一、单项选择 1. This is ______ bedroom. A. Tom and Jack B. Tom’s and Jack’s C. Tom and Jack’s D. Tom’s and Jack 【答案】C 【详解】bedroom 为单数，说明两人共用一个房间，只在最后一个名词后加 ’s。 2. These are ______ notebooks. They each have one. A. Lucy and Lily’s B. Lucy’s and Lily’s C. Lucy and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily 【答案】B 【详解】each have one 表示分别拥有，两个名词都要用所有格，且 notebooks 为复数。 3. The village is ______ from here. A. a two-hour walk B. a two-hours walk C. two-hour’s walk D. a two-hours’ walk 【答案】A 【详解】“数词 + 单数名词”构成复合定语，a two-hour walk 表示“步行两小时的路程”。 4. Mr. Li is ______. He often gives me useful advice. A. a friend of my father B. a friend of my father’s C. my father’s a friend D. a friend of my fathers 【答案】B 【详解】双重所有格用“a/an + 名词 + of + ’s所有格”；my father’s 表示“我父亲的朋友之一”。 5. The company plans to build a new ______ near the station. A. shoes factory B. shoe factory C. shoe’s factory D. shoes’ factory 【答案】B 【详解】名词作定语一般用单数，shoe factory 表示“鞋厂”。 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。短文词数约300词，分为3个自然段，设10个空，重点训练名词所有格、复合名词和名词作定语。 Last Thursday, our ____1____ Career Skills Day brought together students, teachers and parents. The event was held in the new training building, and each class prepared a display about a different job. Class 1 showed how to make simple wooden toys, while Class 2 introduced a _____2___ workshop. Before the activity began, four ____3____ from local companies gave short talks about their work. They also answered the students’ questions and shared practical advice about future jobs. The rooms had been cleaned the day before, and the teachers put safety signs at the doors. Every group had one task, such as checking tools, preparing posters or welcoming guests. At ten o’clock, many ____4____ arrived and visited the displays with their children. Our class monitor, the ____5____, divided us into small groups. One group explained how to use a computer safely, and another demonstrated a ____6____ project. The project was designed by two students and finished with help from the school’s art teacher. At every table, there was a card with the ____7____ names and the materials they had used. The visitors said that the students’ work was clear, creative and useful. A group of younger students listened carefully, because they wanted to know what they could learn in the vocational classes next year. In the afternoon, we had a ____8____ break and then continued the activity. The teachers asked us to collect the ____9____ suggestions before they left. Most of them hoped that the school could hold a similar event next term. Several parents offered to bring more old machines and books for future practice. They believed that real objects could make the lessons more interesting. At the end of the day, our head teacher thanked everyone for the ___10_____ success. She said that teamwork and careful preparation had made the event special. 1. A. school B. schools C. school’s D. schools’ 2. A. computers repair B. computer repair C. computer repairs D. computer’s repair 3. A. woman engineers B. women engineers C. women engineer D. woman engineer 4. A. parent B. parents C. parent’s D. parents’ 5. A. class leader B. class’s leader C. classes leader D. class leaders 6. A. students-made B. student-make C. student-made D. students-making 7. A. visitor B. visitors C. visitor’s D. visitors’ 8. A. fifteen minutes B. fifteen-minute C. fifteen-minutes D. fifteen minute’s 9. A. visitor’s B. visitors C. visitors’ D. visitor 10. A. day B. day’s C. days D. days’ 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B 【导语】本文围绕校园职业技能日展开，重点考查所有格的使用、复合名词的构成以及名词作定语时的单复数形式。 【详解】 1. C：Career Skills Day 属于学校，应用 school’s 表示所属关系。 2. B：computer repair 是“电脑维修”，computer 作名词定语时一般用单数。 3. B：woman 作定语修饰复数名词时，woman 和 engineer 都变复数。 4. B：many 后接可数名词复数 parents。 5. A：class leader 是常见复合名词，意为“班长”。 6. C：student-made 为“学生制作的”，复合定语中的名词一般用单数。 7. D：后面有 names，表示“参观者的姓名”，应用复数所有格 visitors’。 8. B：数词 + 单数名词构成复合定语，修饰 break。 9. C：suggestions 来自多位参观者，应用复数所有格 visitors’。 10. B：success 属于当天，应用 day’s success。 【考点5 基数词、序数词与常见编号表达】 考情定位：基数词和序数词除了考拼写与形式，还常与年龄、班级、页码、房间号、楼层、日期和大数表达结合。题干中的数字往往不是单独命题，而是触发名词形式、冠词或固定表达的线索。 1. 基数词 知识点 规则 示例 hundred / thousand / million 前有具体数字时用单数，不加 of。 three hundred students; five thousand yuan 概数表达 hundreds / thousands / millions of + 复数名词。 hundreds of visitors 年龄 表语：five years old；定语：a five-year-old boy。 He is ten years old. / a ten-year-old boy 编号 Room 305; Bus No. 6; Class Two, Grade One; Page Ten。 编号多用“名词 + 基数词”。 2. 序数词 要点 示例 提示 常见不规则 first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, twentieth 注意 third、fifth、twelfth、twentieth 的拼写。 几十几 twenty-first, thirty-second, forty-third 只把个位变成序数词，并用连字符。 前面的冠词 the first day；my first day 有物主代词时，一般不再加 the。 日期/楼层/顺序 the second floor; the third lesson; May 6th 语境决定是否需要 the。 【易错提醒】不要混淆“three years old”（作表语）和“a three-year-old child”（作定语）。复合定语中的名词必须用单数，并用连字符连接。 【即时训练】 1. There are about ______ students in our school. A. eight hundreds B. eight hundred C. eight hundred of D. hundreds 【答案】B 【详解】hundred 前有具体数字 eight 时，用单数，不加 of。 2. ______ people visited the museum during the holiday. A. Two thousand of B. Two thousands C. Thousands of D. Thousand of 【答案】C 【详解】表示概数“成千上万的”用 thousands of；前面不能再有具体数字。 3. Today is my brother’s ______ birthday. A. twenty B. twentieth C. the twentieth D. twenties 【答案】B 【详解】表示“第二十个生日”用序数词；前有 my brother’s，不再加 the。 4. This is the ______ time I have met him. A. three B. third C. thirtieth D. three times 【答案】B 【详解】表示顺序“第三次”用序数词 third。 5. He is a ______ boy who can look after himself. A. ten years old B. ten-year-old C. ten-years-old D. ten-year-olds 【答案】B 【详解】作定语时用“数词 + 单数名词 + 形容词”的复合结构：a ten-year-old boy。 【考点6 分数、百分数、时间与计量表达】 考情定位：分数、百分数、时间和长度常出现在海报、通知、图表、人物介绍与校园活动叙述中。其难点不仅是“怎么读”，更在于后接名词和谓语动词如何保持一致。 1. 分数与百分数 项目 规则 示例 分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于1，分母加 -s。 one third; two thirds; three fourths 特殊分数 1/2 = one half / a half；1/4 = one fourth / a quarter。 one and a half hours 百分数 基数词 + percent；percent 不加 -s。 sixty percent 谓语一致 of 后的名词决定谓语单复数。 Two thirds of the milk is... / 60% of students are... 2. 时间与计量 表达 正确形式 说明 时间长度 three hours; a three-hour meeting 作表语/宾语时名词复数；作定语时名词单数。 钟点 half past six; a quarter to eight 6:30 = half past six；7:45 = a quarter to eight。 长度/高度 two metres long; three metres high 量词单位通常用复数。 价格/年龄限制 £3.50; children under 18 阅读中要同时看数字、货币单位和条件。 【即时训练】 1. Two thirds of the milk ______ in the fridge. A. are B. is C. were D. have 【答案】B 【详解】two thirds of 后面的 milk 是不可数名词，谓语用单数 is。 2. Sixty percent of the students ______ the school club every week. A. joins B. join C. is joining D. has joined 【答案】B 【详解】percent of 后面的 students 是复数名词，谓语用复数 join。 3. It took us ______ to finish the work. A. three hour B. three hours C. three hours’ D. three-hour 【答案】B 【详解】作宾语表示时长，用“数词 + 复数名词”：three hours。 4. The meeting begins at 7:45. A. a quarter past seven B. a quarter to eight C. fifteen to seven D. half past seven 【答案】B 【详解】7:45 表示“差一刻八点”，用 a quarter to eight。 5. We had a ______ meeting yesterday afternoon. A. two-hour B. two-hours C. two hours D. two hour 【答案】A 【详解】作定语修饰 meeting，用“数词 + 单数名词”的复合结构 two-hour。 6. The train will arrive in ______. A. one and half hour B. one and a half hours C. one and a half hour D. one hours and a half 【答案】B 【详解】“一个半小时”常说 one and a half hours；hour 用复数。 二、短文改错 下面短文中共有10处错误，请在原文中找出并改正。 On Friday, our cooking club met at 7:45, or a quarter past eight, in the training kitchen. —— 1 —— Before class, several students walked 1.5 kilometer from the bus stop to the building. —— 2 —— We spent two hour preparing tools and washing vegetables. —— 3 —— Our teacher asked us to bring three kilo rice and half a bottle of oil. —— 4 —— Then we watched a one and half hour video about healthy food. —— 5 —— After that, we used two third of the milk to make soup. —— 6—— About thirty percent of the students joins the bread-making group. —— 7 —— At noon, we had a three-hours break before cleaning the room. —— 8 —— It took us two and half hours to finish all the work. —— 9 —— In the end, everyone said the cooking lesson was both useful and interesting. —— 10 —— 【答案】1. a quarter past eight→a quarter to eight；2. 1.5 kilometer→1.5 kilometers；3. two hour→two hours；4. three kilo rice→three kilos of rice；5. one and half hour→one and a half hours；6. two third→two thirds；7. are→is；8. joins→join；9. three-hours→three-hour；10. two and half hours→two and a half hours。 【导语】本文以烹饪社团活动为情境，集中训练时间读法、分数与百分数、计量单位、复合定语和时长表达。 【详解】 1. a quarter past eight→a quarter to eight：7:45 表示“差一刻八点”。 2. 1.5 kilometer→1.5 kilometers：小数大于1，后接可数名词复数。 3. two hour→two hours：表示时长时，数词后用复数名词。 4. three kilo rice→three kilos of rice：kilo 表示“千克”时可数，three 后用 kilos，rice 前用 of。 5. one and half hour→one and a half hours：一个半小时的固定表达为 one and a half hours。 6. two third→two thirds：分子大于1时，分母序数词要用复数。 7. are→is：two thirds of 后的中心词 milk 是不可数名词，谓语用单数。 8. joins→join：thirty percent of 后面的 students 是复数名词，谓语用复数。 9. three-hours→three-hour：作定语修饰 break 时，数词后的名词用单数。 10. two and half hours→two and a half hours：两个半小时应说 two and a half hours。 一、真题溯源选择与填空 1. （2025 陕西职教单招第13小题）I’m hungry. Give me ______, please. A. a bread B. some breads C. a piece of bread D. two pieces of breads 【答案】C 【详解】bread 是不可数名词，不能直接说 a bread 或 breads；“一片面包”用 a piece of bread。 2. （2025 陕西职教单招第20小题）Helen has spent three hours ______ her term paper and now she is tired. A. revise B. revising C. to revise D. revised 【答案】B 【详解】three hours 是正确的时间数量表达；spend time (in) doing sth. 表示“花费时间做某事”，故空处用 revising。 3. （2025 陕西职教单招第57小题）The Sears Tower is one of the tallest ______ (大楼) in the world. 【答案】buildings 【详解】one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，building 应变为 buildings。 4. （2025 陕西职教单招第58小题）I’ll go and see you next ______ (星期四). 【答案】Thursday 【详解】表示星期的专有名词首字母大写；next Thursday 表示“下周四”，名词用单数。 二、短文改错 （2021陕西职教单招短文改错第73小题）It takes fifty minute to get there by bus. ________ 60 ________ 【答案】minute→minutes 【详解】fifty 后接可数名词复数，minute 应改为 minutes。 （2021陕西职教单招短文改错第75小题）In fact, this way I save a few money and I feel very well. ________ 61 ________ 【答案】a few→a little 【详解】money 为不可数名词，表示“一点钱”应用 a little；a few 只能修饰可数名词复数。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $