Unit 3 Sea Exploration Reading and Thinking 课件-2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语课件聚焦Unit4 Sharing的Reading and Thinking模块，系统梳理核心词汇、短语及句型，以“分享”主题为导入，从parcel、mail等基础词汇过渡到be dying to do sth、come across等短语，再到It takes sb some time to do sth等句型，构建由浅入深的学习支架。 其亮点在于通过丰富例句、拓展归纳（如“渴望”“与…有关”的多种表达）提升语言能力，结合文化差异（如washroom在英美语中的不同）培养文化意识，采用对比辨析法强化思维品质。学生能夯实基础并灵活运用，教师可直接利用系统资源优化教学效率。

UNIT4 Sharing Reading and Thinking 1.parcel n.包 vt.裹好；打包 （1）n.包裹 格配a parcel of..一包…… •There's a parcel and some samples for you.有你的一个包和几个样品。 •Please pass this parcel on to Mr Li.请把这个包转交给李先生。 （2）vt.裹好；打包 搭配 parcel up sth打包某物 parcel sth out把某物分开；把某物（在几个人之间）分 •We parcelled up some toys to take to the Children's Home.我们把一些玩具包起来送去给儿童之家。 •The food and clothing were parcelled out into several portions.食品和衣服被分成了几份。 2.jam n.果酱；堵塞 be in a jam陷入困境 traffic jam交通堵塞 The bus was delayed in a five-mile jam.公共汽车因长达五英里的交通堵塞而延误。 At 14，he started making jam in his kitchen and selling his tasty concoctions[kənˈkɒkʃn] at local shops and farmers' markets.14 岁时，他开始在自己的厨房里做果酱，并将他（做出来）的美味的调配品销售到当地的商店和农贸市场中。 jam vt.塞入；（使）卡住 3.be dying to do sth意为“渴望做某事；极想做某事”，当宾语为名词时，用介词for，即be dying for sth。 •I know you're dying to hear about my life here，so I've included some photos.我知道你极想了解我在这里的生活情况，因此我（在信中）附了几张照片。 归纳表示“渴望”的其他词组 be anxious for/to do 渴望/盼望得到/渴望做 be thirsty for 渴望/求得到 be desperate for sth 非常需要/渴望某物 be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事，极想做某事 be eager to do sth 渴望做某事 long to do/for...渴望做……/渴望…… •She was anxious to finish school and get a job. 她渴望毕业找一份工作。 •He is thirsty for power.他渴望权力。 •The country's industry is quite simply desperate for water. 该国的工业急切地需要水。 •After four days she is bored and desperate to get back to work. 过了四天她就烦了，并且急着要回去工作。 Senior citizens long for a more predictable and secure future. 老年人渴望有一个更可预见、更稳定的未来。 4.mail n.邮件；信件；邮政vt.邮寄；发电邮给 （1）n.邮件；信件；邮政搭配 by mail通过邮寄 in the mail 在邮递途中 •The electric bill is in the mail.电费账单正在邮递中。 •Did you send the document by mail？你邮寄那份文件了吗？ （2）vt.邮寄；发电邮给 •Last week，he mailed the parcels to the journalists.上周，他把这些包寄给了记者。 mail sth out 批量邮寄 The brochures were mailed out last week.那批小册子已于上周成批寄出去了 mailman n.邮递员 5.secondary adj.中学的；次要的 be secondary to对……来说是次要的 •secondary teachers 中学教师 the secondary curriculum 中学课程 secondarily adv.其次；在第二位 •Any discomfort is secondary to helping endangered kiwi.与帮助濒临灭绝的几维鸟相比，任何不适都是次要的。 •Raising animals was only secondary to other forms of farming.与其他形式的农业相比，动物饲养只是次要的。 6.clay n.黏土；陶土 The figure is moulded in clay.这尊雕像是用黏土塑造的。 7.dusty adj.布满灰尘的 （1）adj.布满灰尘的 a dusty road尘土飞扬的路 （2）adj.土灰色的：灰暗的；无光泽的 •The curtains had faded to a dusty pink.窗帘的颜色已经褪成了暗粉色。 dust （1）n.沙土；灰尘 leave sb in the dust把某人远远抛在后面； let the dust settle/wait for the dust to settle 待形势明朗；待情况清楚 The air was full of dust after the cars passed.在这些汽车驶过后，空中尘土飞扬。 •I could see a thick layer of dust on the monument.我能看见纪念碑上一层厚厚的灰尘。 （2）vi.&vt.擦灰 搭配：dust sb/sth down 除去……的灰尘 dust sth off开始复习…… I broke the vase while I was dusting.我在擦灰的时候将那个花瓶打碎了 •Mr Smith told his colleague to dust himself down because he was covered in chalk.史密斯先生告诉他的同事掉掉自己身上的灰尘，因为他身上全是粉笔灰。 •I will have to dust off my French if we are going to move to Paris.我们要是搬到巴黎去，我就得把法语重新拾起来。 8.weed n.杂草；野草vt.&vi.除杂草 With repeated applications of weedkiller，the weeds were overcome finally.反复地施除草剂后，杂草终于被消灭了。 He explained our basic task，the tractor fired up and we were off，riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with chemicals.他解释了我们的基本任务，拖拉机开动了，并且我们出发了，沿着田野行驶，寻找杂草来喷洒化学药剂。 •Try not to walk on the flowerbeds while weeding. 除草的时候尽量不要在花坛上走。 weedy adj.瘦弱的；弱不禁风的；杂草丛生的；长满杂草的 weed...out 清除，剔除，淘汰（不需要的或较差的人或物） 9.chorus n.合唱 曲；合唱团vt合唱；齐声说 （1）n.合唱曲；合唱团 搭配 a chorus of齐声；异口同声（表示同意或不同意） in chorus一起；一致 •Students played the secondary roles and joined in the chorus.学生们扮演了一些次要角色，并且参与了合唱。 •The proposal was greeted with a chorus of approval.大家对这个提议异口同声地表示赞成。 •When I asked questions，they answered in chorus.当我提问题时，他们齐声回答。 （2）vt.合唱；齐声说 •The movie audiences chorused their approval by loud cheering.电影观众们大声欢呼齐声表达他们的赞同。 "Come on，"the nurses chorused."加油，”那些护士们一齐喊道 10.not to mention 意为“更不用说；且不说”，后接名词，通常是信息的附加，引出更加强烈的事实信息。 •He can speak French，German and Spanish，not to mention English.他会讲法语、德语和西班牙语，更不用说英语了。 •A lot of foreign magazines have been subscribed to，not to mention those in Chinese.已经订阅了很多外国杂志，更不用说那些中文的了。 拓展 let alone/much less/to say nothing of...也表示“更不用说” •I don't have enough money for a new car，let alone a luxury sedan.我没有足够的钱买新车，更不用说豪华轿车了。 •He barely looked at me，much less smiled.他几乎没有看我，更不用说笑了。 11.cotton n.棉布；棉花 Because it was warm，David wore only a white cotton shirt.因为天气暖和，所以戴维只穿了一件白色的棉衬衣。 12.uniform n.校服； 制服 adj.一致的；统一的 n.校服； 制服 a military/police/nurse's uniform军装/警服/护士制服 the school uniform 校服 in uniform 穿制服的 Do you have to wear uniform？你非得穿制服不可吗？ adj.一致的；统一的 The walls were a uniform grey.墙壁一律都是灰色。 uniformed adj.穿着制服的 uniformity n.统一（性） uniformly adv.统一地 13.come across 偶然发现：偶然遇见 •A young man，while travelling through a desert，came across a spring of clear water一个年轻人在穿越沙漠旅行时，偶然碰到一眼清泉。 归纳 表示“偶然遇见”的常见短语还有happen to meet，chance to meet 等。 与come相关的短语 come about 发生 come along 进展；跟随 come back 回来 come down崩塌；落下；下降 come to 共计；达到 come up（太阳）升起；被提及；发生 come to oneself 恢复知觉 come up with 找到（答案）；想出 come through安然渡过（危险或难关）;显现;显露;成功地完成; come out 出现；出版；为人所知 14. relevant adj.相关的；切题的；中肯的；有意义的 be relevant to.../be not relevant to..与有关/与无关 •Education should be relevant to the children's needs.教育应该与孩子们的需要相关。 •Because the job applicant's experience was not relevant to the position，we did not make him an offer of employment.因为求职者的经验与该职位无关，所以我们没有录用他。 拓展relevance n.关联；切题 搭配：have relevance to.../have no relevance to...和……有关/和 无关 •Politicians' private lives have no relevance to their political roles.政界人物的私生活与他们的政治角色无关。 归纳“与…有关”的其他表达形式有be related to...，be connected/associated/concerned with...，have something to do with...等 •The film is relevant to what is being discussed in class.=The film has relevance to what is being discussed in class.=The film is related to what is being discussed in class.=The film is connected/associated with what is being discussed in class.这部电影与课堂上正在讨论的事情有关。 15.to be honest意为“说实在的，说实话”，常用作插入语，相当于honestly speaking，frankly speaking 或 to tell the truth。to be honest 通常置于句首，并且用逗号与后面的内容分开。 •To be honest，I would rather walk there. 说实话，我宁愿步行去那里。 拓展（1）honest adj.诚实的；坦率的 搭配：be honest about sth对某事坦率 be honest with sb 对某人坦诚 It is honest of sb to do sth.某人做某事是诚实/正直的。 •First of all，you should be honest about why you need so much money.首先，你应该坦率地说为什么你需要这么多钱。 •Thank you for being so honest with us.谢谢你对我们这么坦诚。 （2）不定式短语作插入语，只是说话者对情况的附加说明。类似的短语还有to be sure，to tell（you）the truth，to make matters worse，to sum up，to start with 等归纳honesty n.诚实；正直 honestly adv.诚实地：确实 dishonest adj.不诚实的 dishonesty n.不诚实；不正直 make...difference有（或没有、有些等）作用，关系，影响 •One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘，谬以千里。 Whether he will labour or not makes no difference.他是否将努力工作无关紧要。 •Changing schools made a big difference to my life.转学对我的生活有很大的影响。 •Your age shouldn't make any difference to whether you get the job or not.你能否得到这份工作应该与你的年龄无关。 16.tablet n.平板电脑；便笺本；药片 Doctors use tablets for their work in this hospital.这家医院的医生们使用平板电脑工作。 Take two tablets with water before meals.每次两片，饭前用水冲服。 17.rubber n.橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶 The stair treads were covered with rubber to prevent slipping.这些楼梯踏板上覆盖着橡胶来防滑。 rubbery adj.似橡胶的；有弹力的 rub v.摩，擦 18.washroom n.洗手间；厕所 Will you please tell me where the washroom is？请你告诉我洗手间在哪里？注意在北美英语中，厕所一般称为bathroom，在英国英语中，厕所一般称为toilet。 19.rigid adj.死板的；固执的[ˈrɪdʒɪd] His rigid adherence to the rules made him unpopular.他对规则的刻板坚持使得他不受欢迎。 rigidly adv.严格地 20.rigorous adj.谨慎的；细致的；彻底的 21.bubble vi.起泡；沸腾 bubble under 即将成功；快要出名 •Here are two records that are bubbling under. 这两张唱片将会走红。 Heat the seasoned stock until it is bubbling.把这些调了味的高汤加热至它沸腾为止。 bubbly adj.充满气泡的；多泡沫的n.香槟酒 22.tube n.管子；管状物 the tube伦敦地下铁道 the cardboard tube in the centre of a toilet roll一卷手纸卷中央的硬纸管 The tube is sealed at both ends.这根管子的两端是密封的。 23.circus n.马戏团 My real ambition was to work in a circus. 我真正的抱负是去一个马戏团工作。 circus的基本意思是“马戏表演，马戏团”是集合名词。当其作主语时，谓语动词可为单数形式，也可为复数形式。circus也可作“环形广场”解，常与专有名词连用。 24.chemist n.化学家；药剂师；药房 The famous chemist won the Nobel Prize. 这位著名的化学家赢得了诺贝尔奖。 chemical adj.化学的 chemistry n.化学 25.shade vt.给……遮挡（光线）；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分shade （1）vt.给…遮挡（光线）；加灯罩；把……涂暗 搭配shade...from/against..给…… 遮挡… •Most samples should be shaded from direct，hot sunlight.大多数样品应该避免强光直射。 •I'm going to shade this part in.我将要把这一部分涂暗（一些） （2）n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分 搭配 in the shade of...在的阴凉处 under the shade of a tree在树荫下 put sb/sth in the shade 使某人/某物黯然失色 provide shade for..给……提供阴凉处 •I saw him sitting under the shade of a tree.我看见他坐在一棵树的树荫下。 •These trees provide shade for the animals in summer.夏天，这些树为动物们提供阴凉处. shade“阴凉处”，指光线照射不到的地方，是一个空间概念 Let's find a table in the shade.让我们在阴凉处找一张桌子吧。 shadow“阴暗处，影子”，指某/某人在光线照射下的投影，是一个平面概念， What you see is only the shadow of the cat.你看到的只不过是那只猫的影子。 26.jaw 颌；下巴 the top/upper jaw 上颌the bottom/lower jaw 下颌 He has a strong square jaw.他有着一个结实的方下巴。 27.wrinkle vt.&vi.（使脸上）起皱纹；皱起n.皱纹 vt.&vi.（使脸上）起皱纹；皱起 wrinkle up使起皱纹 The skin on her cheeks and around her eyes was beginning to wrinkle.她脸频上和眼睛周围的皮肤开始起皱纹了 n.皱纹 There were fine wrinkles around her eyes.她眼角上有纤细的皱纹。 wrinkled adj.有皱纹的 28.forehead n.额；前额 He had a scar on his forehead.他前额上有道伤疤。 A frown creased her forehead.她一皱眉，额头就显出了皱纹。 同义brow n.额头 29.housing n.住房；住宅 A housing problem in Britain.英国的住房问题。 Housing is a key driver of the economy.住房是拉动经济的关键因素。 30.platform n.平台；站台；舞台 The train was about to leave but I was not even on the platform.火车就要开了，可我甚至不在站台上。 Nick finished what he was saying and jumped down from the platform.尼克讲完话，从舞台上跳了下来。 31.fireplace n.壁炉 In the evenings，we gathered around the fireplace and talked in hushed whispers.晚上，我们聚集在壁炉周围并轻声交谈。 32.saucer n.茶碟；杯托 She brought her own cup and saucer on to the show and sipped ginger tea throughout the interview.她带着自己的杯子和杯托来到节目（现场），并且在整个采访过程中，她都在啜饮姜茶。 33.kettle n.（烧水用）壶；水壶 put the kettle on 用水壶烧水 I'll put the kettle on for tea.我要烧壶茶。 拓展pot n.锅；罐 34.pan n.平底锅；烤盘 a flash in the pan 昙花一现 The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds.这个平底锅太热了，所以面包在几秒钟内就变黑了 Cook the pasta [ˈpæstə] in a large pan of boiling water. 在一大锅开水里煮意大利面 Beene's new novel proves that he isn't just a flash in the pan.比恩的新小说证明他并非县花一现。 pancake n.烙饼；薄饼 35.jar n.罐子；坛子 36.ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的 •The conditions were ripe for social change.社会变革的条件成熟了。 She bit into a ripe juicy pear.她咬了一口熟透了的多汁的梨。 ripeness n.成熟；老练 ripen v.（使）成熟 37.grill n.烤架；烤肉餐馆 38.doorway n.门 口；出入口；门道 She stood in the doorway for a moment before going in.她在门口站了一会儿才进去。 39.leftover adj.吃剩的；残留的n.吃剩的食物；遗留物 Making soup is a good way of using up leftover vegetables.熬汤是一个把吃剩的蔬菜全部用掉的好方法 n.吃剩的食物；遗留物 chemical leftover化学残留物 40.handshake n.握手 The quick handshake was firm and cool. 那次迅速的握手坚定而冷静。 golden handshake n.（一大笔）退职金，解雇费 41.drag vt.拖；搜vt.&vi.缓慢而费力地移动 （1）vt.拖；拽 搭配 drag sth into/in把…… 拉进/硬让毫不关系的人卷入 •Don't drag me into your ridiculous argument！It's nothing to do with me.别把我扯进你愚蠢的争论中！这事与我无关。 drag sth/sb away/out of.把某物/人拉走/拉出… •We dragged the carpet out of the room.我们把地毯拖出房间。 drag behind落在后面 She always drags behind when we walk anywhere.我们每走什么地方她都慢慢腾腾吃力地跟在后面。 （2）vt.&vi.缓慢而费力地移动 •An old man dragged himself along the road.一位老人拖着沉重的脚步在路上走着。 42.privilege n.优惠待遇；特权；荣幸 have the privilege to do/of doing sth 有幸做某事 It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种荣幸。 •You can enjoy all the benefits and privileges of golf club membership.你可以享受高尔夫球俱乐部成员的一切福利和优惠。 •Education should be a universal right and not a privilege.教育应当是全民的权利而非特权。 •I hope to have the privilege of working with them again.我希望有幸与他们再度合作。 •It was a great privilege to hear her sing.听她唱歌十分荣幸。 privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的 be privileged to do sth 有幸做某事 •We are privileged to welcome you as our speaker this evening.我们荣幸地欢迎您今晚来为我们演讲。 43."It takes/took sb some time to do sth."句型意为“做某事花费某人一段时间”，it在句中为形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语to do sth是句子的真正主语。take此时表示“需要时间” On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive to work.周一早晨我通常要花一个小时开车去上班。 •It'll take a very long time for her to recover from the illness.她将需要很长时间才能从病中恢复过来。 44.句型 be doing...when... be doing...when.意为“正在做…… 这时（突然）”，when在句中引导时间状语从句。 •I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.我正想着这件事时，突然听到有人叫我的名字。 •I was reading a book attentively when an old friend came to see me.我正在全神注地看一本书，突然有一位老朋友来看我。 •I was studying in my room when I heard someone screaming.我正在房间里习，突然听到有人在尖叫。 •Mother was making a phone call when the door was blown open.妈妈正在打电话，突然门被风吹开了。 拓展when的常见句式：be about to do...when..即将做……这时…… be on the point of doing...when...正要做…这时… had just done...when...刚做完这时…… •I was about to swim in the river when the guide told me there were dangerous fish in it.我正要去河里游泳，这时导游告诉我河里面有危险的鱼。 •He was on the point of decorating the house when someone knocked at the door.他正要装修房子，这时有人敲门。 •We had just fallen asleep when the bell rang.我们刚刚入睡，突然门铃响了。 45.plug （1）vt.封堵；补足 plug sth in接通（电源）；把（插头）插进（插座） plug into sth 能与（电源或其他电器）连接 The VCR plugs into the back of the television. 这台录像机可插到这台电视机的后部。 •Have you plugged that leak in the tube？你把管子上的裂缝堵起来了吗？ •He plugged the hole in the pipe with an old rag.他用一块旧破布把管子上的那个洞塞住了。 （2）n.堵塞物；插头；插座 The plug on my kettle needs changing.我水壶上的插头需要更换了。 •Is there a plug in the bedroom that I can use for my hairdryer？卧室里有没有插座让我用一下吹风机？ 46.disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的。 the disabled意为“残疾人” Some local voluntary organizations ran workshops for disabled people.一些当地的志愿组织为残疾人开设了工场。 The Chinese Red Cross contributed a generous sum to the disabled.中国红十字会给残疾人捐赠了一笔巨款。 disable vt.使丧失能力；使残疾 disability n.缺陷；障碍 •Carter was permanently disabled in the war.卡特在战争中永久残疾 •His disability prevents him from holding a job.他的缺陷妨碍他就业. $