课时分层检测(十二) Earth first（Word试题版）-【创新大课堂】2027年高三英语一轮总复习（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦生态保护与科技前沿，整合新课标及多地模拟题，通过真实语篇提升语言理解与跨文化思维，适配一轮复习基础巩固与能力提升。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|7题（A篇3题、B篇4题）|细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意|选用2024新课标Ⅰ真题，情境含栖息地恢复、实验室类木材料研究，凸显科技与环保主题| |七选五|5题|语篇衔接、逻辑推理|2025安徽安庆三模题，围绕亚马逊雨林保护，设个人行动建议，强化信息匹配能力| |语法填空|10空|动词时态、非谓语、定语从句等|2026河南开封联考题，以南海沉船考古为素材，考查语法在文化语境中的应用|

课时分层检测（十二） Earth first Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A （2024·新课标Ⅰ） HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. GROUPS Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements. UPCOMING EVENTS Time Meeting Location Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm Battery Alexander Trailhead Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead 1. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks. C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research. 2. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team? A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18. 3. What are the volunteers expected to do? A. Bring their own tools. B. Work even in bad weather. C. Wear a team uniform. D. Do at least three projects. B Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—at area about the size of Iceland — because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials sin a lab. This makes it possible to “grow” a wooden product without cutting down trees. In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones (激素). By adjusting the bormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells: New the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate (使脱水) the material, and then evaluate its qualities. They found that lower bormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density (密度), while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics. What’s more, it’s to be noted that the research process is about 100 times faster than the time it takes for a tree to grow to maturity! Research of this kind is ground-breaking. “This work demonstrates the great power of a technology,” says lead researcher, Jeffrey Berenstab. “The real opportunity here is to be at its best with what you use and how you use it. This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.” 4. Why do researchers at MIT perform the research? A. To grow more trees. B. To reduce tree losses. C. To protect plant diversity. D. To predict forest disappearance. 5. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the lab research? A. Its scientific origins. B. Its theoretical basis C. Its usual difficulties. D. Its main processes 6. What does the finding suggest about the plant materials? A. They are better than naturally grown plants. B. Their growth speed determines their characteristics. C. The hormone levels affect their rigidity. D. Their cells’ shapes mainly rely on their density. 7. Why is the research path-breaking according to Berenstain? A. It uses new biological materials in lab experiments. B. It has a significant impact on worldwide plant growth. C. It revolutionizes the way to make wooden products. D. It challenges traditional scientific theories in forestry. Ⅱ. 七选五 （2025·安徽安庆三模） The wildfires in the Amazon rainforest have produced alarm around the world. ____8____ However, there are several steps you can take to help reduce your impact on the Amazon and other rainforests. Buy fewer paper and wood products. One of the main causes of deforestation in the Amazon is logging, which is driven by the high demand for wood-based products. ____9____ For example, you can use both sides of a piece of paper. On top of that, look out for alternative paper products that are not made from tree materials as well as paper with a high percentage of recycled materials. Cut your fossil fuel consumption. Some scientists think that climate change could significantly increase the rate of forest loss in the Amazon. The burning of fossil fuels and the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere afterwards is one of the primary drivers of climate change: ___10___ You might take a bike to work instead of driving a car and switch off electrical appliances when you are not using them. Hold businesses responsible. ____11____ If you believe that a business is operating in a manner that is environmentally irresponsible, make yourself heard: Contact the company; call them out on social media platforms such as Instagram and Twitter; or organize a boycott. Direct action has the power to transform how companies do business. In 1999, Home Depot, the single largest retailer of household. items in the world, agreed to gradually stop sales of old-growth wood. ____12____ A. Sadly, there is not much you can do to stop the fires. B. So wherever possible, try to cut down on your carbon emissions. C. This practice has led to great progress in the conservation of rainforests. D. These fire s have brought about losses beyond measure to both humans and nature. E. The company’s decision was largely the result of a campaign led by grassroots activists. F. Educate yourself about the business practices of companies that are active in the Amazon. G. Reduce the amount of wood products you purchase and make the most out of items you have bought. Ⅲ. 语法填空 （2026·河南开封联考） 阅读下边短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Thursday, the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing ____13____ (reveal) that archaeologists had discovered two sunken ships in the depths of the South China Sea. It offered tangible evidence of commercial and ____14____ (culture) exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road. The latest underwater archaeological ____15____ (explore) carried out by the National Center for Archaeology have ____16____ (significant) uncovered important artifacts. In addition to the shipwrecks, a variety of artifacts, including pottery, porcelain and ironware, have been unearthed, most of ____17____ were made in kilns (窑炉) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital.” The precise locations of the shipwrecks and the associated cultural relics ____18____ (determine) through the use of oceanographic technology and underwater investigations involving manned submersibles, which conducted 41 dives throughout the year, as confirmed by Song Jianzhong, ____19____ researcher at the National Center for Archaeology. The Ming Dynasty’s No.1 shipwreck, ____20____ (measure) 37 meters long and 11 meters wide, has yielded 543 artifacts, suggesting it sailed from Fujian or Guangdong to Southeast Asia trade centers like Malacca. The No. 2 shipwreck dates ____21____ the rule of Emperor Hongzhi and measures about 21 meters long and 8 meters wide. A total of 36 artifacts have been found on it, porcelain and pottery _____22_____ (include). 课时分层检测（十二） Earth first Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A （2024·新课标Ⅰ） 【1~3题答案】 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地点等相关细节。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. (帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用)”可知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. (欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者)”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We’ll be working rain or shine. (我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B项。 B 【4~7题答案】 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了避免砍伐树木，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料。解释了其实验过程以及其积极意义。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—at area about the size of Iceland — because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials sin a lab.(由于砍伐树木，世界每年损失约1000万公顷的森林——面积约为冰岛的大小。一些科学家预测，按照这个速度，世界上的森林可能会在100到200年内消失。为了解决这个问题，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里制造出类似木材的植物材料。)”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员进行这项研究是为了减少树木损失。故选B。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones (激素). By adjusting the bormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells: New the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate (使脱水) the material, and then evaluate its qualities.(在实验室里，研究人员首先从幼小植物的叶子上提取细胞。这些细胞在液体培养基中培养两天，然后转移到另一种含有营养物质和两种不同激素的培养基中。通过调节激素水平，研究人员可以调整细胞的物理和机械质量:新的研究人员使用3D打印机来塑造细胞材料，并让成型的材料在黑暗中生长三个月。最后，研究人员将材料脱水，然后评估其质量。)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于实验室研究的主要过程。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“They found that lower bormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density (密度), while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics.(他们发现，较低的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞更圆、更开放，密度更低，而较高的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞结构更小，但密度更大。细胞结构的密度或高或低，使植物材料更柔软或更坚硬，帮助材料生长出不同的类木特性。)”可知，激素水平影响植物材料的硬度。故选C。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.(该技术可以调整以满足您对形状、大小、刚性和形式的要求。它使我们能够以传统农业方法无法实现的方式种植任何木制品。)”可知，Berenstain认为这项研究具有开创性是因为它革新了制作木制品的方法。故选C。 Ⅱ. 七选五 （2025·安徽安庆三模） 【8~12题答案】 【答案】8. A 9. G 10. B 11. F 12. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了亚马逊雨林火灾引发的全球关注，并提出了几个个人可以采取的措施来减少对亚马逊及其他雨林的影响。 【8题详解】 根据前文“The wildfires in the Amazon rainforest have produced alarm around the world.( 亚马逊雨林的野火已经引起了全世界的警觉。)”可知，此处强调亚马逊雨林的野火已经引起了全世界的警觉。A选项“Sadly, there is not much you can do to stop the fires.(可悲的是，你没有多少办法阻止大火。)”中的fires与前文保持话题一致，讲述的是虽然已经引起警觉，可悲的是没有办法阻止森林大火，该选项符合语境。故选A。 9题详解】 根据本段主旨“Buy fewer paper and wood products.( 少买纸制品和木制品。)”以及前文“One of the main causes of deforestation in the Amazon is logging, which is driven by the high demand for wood-based products. (亚马逊森林砍伐的主要原因之一是伐木，这是由对木制品的高需求驱动的。)”可知，亚马逊森林砍伐的主要原因之一是伐木，这是由对木制品的高需求驱动的，因此后文应该提及减少你购买的木制品的数量，并充分利用你所购买的物品从而实现减少自己对亚马逊和其他热带雨林的影响。G选项“Reduce the amount of wood products you purchase and make the most out of items you have bought.(减少你购买的木制品的数量，并充分利用你所购买的物品。)”符合语境。故选G。 【10题详解】 根据本段主旨“Cut your fossil fuel consumption.( 减少化石燃料的消耗。)”可知，本段强调的是减少化石燃料的消耗即节能减排的方面入手，实现减少自己对亚马逊和其他热带雨林的影响。B选项“So wherever possible, try to cut down on your carbon emissions.(所以，只要有可能，尽量减少你的碳排放。)”符合语境。故选B。 【11题详解】 根据后文“ If you believe that a business is operating in a manner that is environmentally irresponsible, make yourself heard: Contact the company; call them out on social media platforms such as Instagram and Twitter; or organize a boycott.( 如果你认为某家公司的经营方式对环境不负责任，那就表达自己的意见：联系该公司；在Instagram和Twitter等社交媒体平台上大声疾呼；或者组织抵制。)”可知，此处强调的是要了解活跃在亚马逊地区的公司的商业惯例，一旦相应的公司经营方式对环境不负责任，那就表达自己的意见。F选项“Educate yourself about the business practices of companies that are active in the Amazon.(了解活跃在亚马逊地区的公司的商业惯例。)”与下文形成呼应，符合语境。故选F。 【12题详解】 根据前文“Direct action has the power to transform how companies do business. In 1999, Home Depot, the single largest retailer of household. items in the world, agreed to gradually stop sales of old-growth wood. (直接行动有能力改变公司的经营方式。1999年，Home Depot，最大的单一家居零售商。物品在世界范围内，同意逐步停止销售老木材。)”可知，此处以Home Depot为例说明直接行动有能力改变公司的经营方式。E选项“The company’s decision was largely the result of a campaign led by grassroots activists.( 该公司的决定主要是由草根活动人士领导的一场运动的结果。)”中的the company与前文的Home Depot形成呼应，该公司的决定指代前文的“同意逐步停止销售老木材”，该选项符合语境。故选E。 Ⅲ. 语法填空 （2026·河南开封联考） 【13~22题答案】 【答案】13. revealed 14. cultural 15. explorations 16. significantly 17. which 18. were determined 19. a 20. measuring 21. from 22. included 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。这篇文章主要讲述了中国国家文物局在北京宣布，在南海深处发现了两艘沉船，这些沉船为古代海上丝绸之路的商业和文化交流提供了实物证据。 【13题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：周四，位于北京的国家文物局透露，考古学家在南中国海深处发现了两艘沉船。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中on Thursday以及句意可知，此处表示过去发生的事实，故使用一般过去时。故填revealed。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它为古代海上丝绸之路的商业和文化交流提供了实实在在的证据。分析句子，设空处使用culture的形容词cultural作定语，修饰名词，意为“文化的”。故填cultural。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：国家考古中心最近进行的水下考古探索，发现了重要的文物。分析句子，设空处使用explore的名词exploration作主语，意为“探索”，此处表示复数意义。故填explorations。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用significant的副词significantly作状语，修饰动词，意为“重要地，显著地”。故填significantly。 【17题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：除了沉船外，还出土了各种各样的文物，包括陶器、瓷器和铁器，其中大部分是在江西省景德镇的窑里制作的，被称为中国的“瓷器之都”。分析句子，设空处与前文的of构成介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是artifacts，为物用which。故填which。 18题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：据国家考古中心研究员宋建忠证实，沉船和相关文物的精确位置是通过使用海洋学技术和水下调查确定的，其中包括载人潜水器，全年进行了41次潜水。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。句中The precise locations of the shipwrecks and the associated cultural relics与determine之间是被动关系，同时句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were determined。 【19题详解】 考查冠词。句意：同上。句中researcher为可数名词，设空处应该使用冠词，此处表示泛指，且researcher首字母为辅音音素。故填a。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：明朝第一号沉船，长37米，宽11米，出土了543件文物，表明它从福建或广东航行到马六甲等东南亚贸易中心。分析句子，句中has yielded为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处The Ming Dynasty’s No.1 shipwreck与measure之间是主动关系，measure意为“（重/长/宽）量度为……”，此时该动词为系动词，无被动，此时measure的主动形式含有被动意义，用现在分词作定语。故填measuring。 【21题详解】 考查介词。句意：二号沉船可以追溯到弘治皇帝统治时期，长约21米，宽约8米。句中date from为固定短语，意为“追溯于，起始于”。故填from。 【22题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：其中包括瓷器和陶器在内，共发现了36件文物。分析句子，句中have been found为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。此处porcelain和pottery与include之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词表示被动作定语。故填included。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $