内容正文:
必修第三册
UNIT 1 Knowing me, knowing you
排查·基础知识
词汇串记
语法填空
To be frank, what let Ted down was ____1____ John sometimes deceived him on purpose rather than by accident and even let off steam. John even justified his wrongdoing. ____2____ (concern) about John, Ted thought it was his duty ____3____ (help) John out to become a ____4____ (good) person, so he pulled his weight pointing out John’s shortcomings. To Ted’s ____5____ (disappoint) and embarrassment, John mistook it as a signal that Ted was finding fault with him, ____6____ made him annoyed. Much to Ted’s agony, John no longer talked with him. It seemed as if their friendship would fall apart and Ted’s heart ____7____ (sink). Resolving to repair their seemingly tangled relationship, Ted apologised to John and adjusted his strategy. Moreover, he expressed his opinions more politely instead of criticising him ____8____ (direct). John took a deep breath, ____9____ (ensure) that he knew the core meaning of the idiom—“Loose lips sink ships”. ____10____ tears in eyes, they forgave each other and the two became closer than before.
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 concern n. 忧虑,担心;关心vt. 与……有关,涉及;使担心(concerned adj. 担心的;关切的;有关的 concerning prep. 关于)
(2025·浙江1月听力内容)
11. What is Christina’s suggestion ________ (concern) the birds? (所给词的适当形式填空)
(2022·北京,书面表达)
12. 我写信是想邀请你参加我们关于如何提高英语写作的在线谈话。在我看来,作为一个 母语为英语的人,你可以给我们一些实用的建议。
I am writing to invite you to our online talk ________. ________, as a native English speaker, you can offer us some sensible recommendations.
2 breath n. 一口气,呼吸[breathe v. 呼吸breathless adj.(使)气喘吁吁的]
(2025·浙江1月读后续写)
13. 那人愣了一下,但当他看到那个瘦骨嶙峋的男孩时,他松了一口气。
The man froze for a second, but when he saw the skinny boy he ________.
(读后续写之情绪描写)
14. 一只凶猛的狼向我走来,我屏住呼吸,大脑快速运转,思考着如何把它吓跑。
A fierce wolf approaching me, I ________, my brain raced and I pondered how to frighten it away.
(话题写作之活动介绍)
15. 我们吸了一口气,决定继续爬山,直到到达山顶。虽然我们上气不接下气,但周围奇妙的景色让我们惊叹不已,我们激动地大叫起来。
We ________ and resolved to continue climbing the mountain until we made it to the top. Although we were ________, the fantastic surrounding scenery ________ and we cried in excitement.
3 annoyed adj. 恼怒的,烦恼的(annoy vt. 使恼怒,使生气annoying adj. 令人恼怒的annoyance n. 恼怒;使人烦恼的事)
16. ________ but unable to let off steam, I bit my lips hard and took a breath, struggling to contain my inner ________. (annoy) (所给词的适当形式填空)
(读后续写之片段描写)
由于他令人讨厌的餐桌礼仪,我很恼他。最让我生气的是他满嘴食物地大声喧哗。此外,令我气恼的是,他甚至用筷子指着别人。最后,我是如此烦恼和他一起吃饭,以至于我很早就离开了,气得满脸通红。
I ____________17____________. ____________18____________ he talked loudly with his mouth full of food. Moreover, ________19________, he even pointed at others with his chopsticks. Finally, I ____________20____________together with him that I left early, with my face flaming with anger.
4 adjust v. 调整;适应(adjustable adj. 可调整的,可调节的 adjustment n. 调整;适应)
21. To be frank, I like this ________ (adjust) bicycle very much and I can’t thank you enough. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(应用文写作之求助信)
22. 我写信向您寻求一些关于如何适应新环境的建议。
I am writing to ask you for some advice on ________.
(应用文写作之道歉信)
23. 由于我没有及时调整相关的信息,给您带来了极大的不便,我写信向您道歉。
I am writing to apologize to you for ________________, causing great inconvenience for you.
5 let down使失望,辜负
(读后续写之片段描写)
用let短语的正确形式填空
After hearing the knock on the door, I ____24____ my friend, who murmured in tears that what his son had done ____25____ him ____26____. I just quietly sat on the sofa, enabling him ____27____. He ____28____ a scream of pain, feeling like a knife cutting through his chest. After he calmed down, I comforted him gently, “We adults sometimes rely on our cellphones to finish our work, ____29____ teenagers. So sometimes ____30____ our kids is not bad, and you should make sure your son uses the cellphone within the given time.” He smiled through tears and nodded his head in agreement.
6 every time 引导时间状语从句 Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit. 也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。
(2024·浙江1月,读后续写)
31. Eva第一次踏入校园时,她被复杂的学校建筑弄得如坠雾里,晕头转向。
________, she was utterly confused by the complex school building, with her mind spinning like a top.
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
32. 我握着老师的手,哽咽着说:“每次我写作有困难时,你都会尽你所能来帮助我。”
I held my teacher’s hands and spoke with a lump in my throat, “________, you will do whatever you can to help me out.”
33. 下次你来看我时,一定要提前给我打电话,以便我可以做一些必要的安排。
________, you must call me ahead of schedule so that I can make some necessary arrangements.
(读后续写之紧张情绪描写)
34. 我清楚地记得,当我第一次走上舞台时,我浑身发抖。
I clearly remember that when ________, I shook like a leaf.
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ. 一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
Due to an unexpected accident, his wound was torn① and the pain caused by the tear② made him burst into tears③.
①____35____②____36____③____37____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
I loosed① his hands and patted him on the shoulder, saying, “Not only is your speech on the loose② organisation confusing but there are also some loose③ terms in it.”
①____38____ ②____39____ ③____40____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
When I learned that the ship sank① to the bottom of the river, my heart sank② and I let out a sigh, sinking③ into a chair.
①____41____ ②____42____ ③____43____
Ⅱ. 单元知识应用
44. He constantly finds fault ________ me, which affects my mood very much. (用适当的词填空)
45. Whenever you are faced with severe challenges, turn to me without hesitation. I can help you ________. (用适当的词填空)
46. ________ (criticise) by his teacher, the boy finally realised he should have taken these suggestions into account. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. As far as we are ________ (concern), sustainable development is of great significance in the world today. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. When she got into the room, it took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust ________ the darkness. (用适当的词填空)
49. What let me ________ was that he leaked our shared secret. (用适当的词填空)
50. He resolved ________ (launch) a campaign to call on those around him to live a low-carbon life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. I was concerned about whether he could forgive me ________ my mistake. (用适当的词填空)
52. During his lecture, he signaled to us ________ (switch) our smartphones on a silent mode. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. ________ (frank) speaking, I didn’t plan to ask for your permission. (所给词的适当形式填空)
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练——人际交往
54. 作为高三学生的你,肯定在适应高中生活和人际交往方面颇有心得,请你写一篇英语演讲稿,和高一的学弟学妹们谈一谈如何快速适应高中生活以及如何处理好人际关系。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【完成句子】
55. 我很荣幸能站在这里给大家做一个关于如何适应高中生活和与他人和睦相处的演讲。(adjust;疑问词+to do)(汉译英)
__________________________________________________________
56. 每当你遇到学习困难时,你最好向你的老师或朋友寻求帮助。(every time)(汉译英)
__________________________________________________________
57. 此外,如果你能在学习之余积极参加课外活动,这将是一个好主意,这将减轻你的精神压力,增进彼此之间的友谊。(apart;非限制性定语从句)(汉译英)
__________________________________________________________
58. 当重要考试临近时,你可以深呼吸,尽量保持冷静。(breath;现在分词短语作状语)(汉译英)
__________________________________________________________
59. 最重要的是,我们必须尊重、关心和同情他人,毫不犹豫地向需要帮助的人伸出援助之手。(concern;what引导的主语从句;that引导的表语从句)(汉译英)
__________________________________________________________
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
__________________________________________________________
语料运用 【尴尬瞬间】
Ryan got on the bus hurriedly, tripped over someone’s foot and fell flat onto the floor! All the air seemed to disappear and ____60____ (夸张句) . What made him more annoyed was that everyone on the bus laughed at him crazily instead of helping him out. ____61____ (分词短语作状语) , Ryan struggled to his feet, dusted his jacket and headed for an empty seat, ____62____ (with复合结) . He gave an embarrassed cough and murmured in an embarrassed tone, “It’s just an accident.” He moved his lips and lowered his head, ____63____ (现在分词短语作状语) . ____64____ (倒装句) , his shoulders trembling.
瑞安匆忙上了公共汽车,被别人的脚绊住了,摔倒在地!所有的空气似乎都消失了,他觉得好像全世界都在看着他。更让他恼火的是,车上的每个人都疯狂地嘲笑他,而不是帮助他。瑞安深吸一口气,挣扎着站起来,掸掉夹克上的灰尘,走向一个空座位,他的脸因尴尬而发烫。他不好意思地咳了一声,用尴尬的语气喃喃地说:“这只是偶然而已。”他翕动着嘴唇,低下了头,不知如何掩饰内心的尴尬。他羞愧得几乎要哭出来了,肩膀都在颤抖。
必修第三册
UNIT 1 Knowing me, knowing you
排查·基础知识
词汇串记
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. that
2. Concerned
3. to help 4. better
5. disappointment
6. which 7. sank
8. directly
9. ensuring
10. With
【解析】
【原文】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了泰德与约翰之间因误会产生矛盾,最终和解并让友谊更加深厚的故事。
【1题详解】
考查表语从句。句意:坦率地说,让泰德失望的是约翰有时是故意而非偶然地欺骗他,甚至还发泄情绪。空处引导表语从句,从句不缺成分,不缺意思,因此应用that引导,that不可省。故填that。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:出于对约翰的关心,泰德认为帮助约翰成为一个更好的人是他的责任。固定搭配be concerned about表示“关心……”,此处用过去分词短语作原因状语,句首单词首字母需大写。故填Concerned。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:出于对约翰的关心,泰德认为帮助约翰成为一个更好的人是他的责任。固定句型it is one’s duty to do sth.表示“做某事是某人的责任”,不定式作真正的主语。故填to help。
【4题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意:出于对约翰的关心,泰德认为帮助约翰成为一个更好的人是他的责任。结合语境,此处暗含“比现在更好”的含义,需用good的比较级better。故填better。
【5题详解】
考查词性转换。句意:令泰德失望和尴尬的是,约翰误以为这是泰德在挑剔他的信号,这让他很生气。固定搭配to one’s + 名词表示“令某人……的是”,disappoint的名词形式是disappointment,不可数名词。故填disappointment。
【6题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意:令泰德失望和尴尬的是,约翰误以为这是泰德在挑剔他的信号,这让他很生气。先行词为整个主句内容,关系词在从句中作主语,指事物。故填which。
【7题详解】
考查动词时态。句意:令泰德痛苦的是,约翰不再和他说话了,他们的友谊似乎要破裂了,泰德的心沉了下去。句子描述过去发生的动作,时态为一般过去时,sink的过去式是sank。故填sank。
【8题详解】
考查词性转换。句意:此外,他更礼貌地表达自己的观点,而不是直接批评他。修饰动词criticising需用副词,direct的副词形式是directly。故填directly。
【9题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:约翰深吸一口气,确保自己明白“祸从口出”这个习语的核心含义。took是谓语,此处用非谓语形式,约翰与ensure是主动关系,用现在分词作伴随状语。故填ensuring。
【10题详解】
考查with的复合结构。句意:眼里含着泪水,他们原谅了彼此,两人变得比以前更亲密了。“with + 宾语 + 介词短语”结构作伴随状语,句首单词首字母需大写。故填With。
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 concern n. 忧虑,担心;关心vt. 与……有关,涉及;使担心(concerned adj. 担心的;关切的;有关的 concerning prep. 关于)
(2025·浙江1月听力内容)
【11题答案】
【答案】concerning
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:克里斯蒂娜关于这些鸟的建议是什么?句中已有谓语is,此处不应用谓语形式,需填介词concerning意为“关于、涉及”,作后置定语修饰名词suggestion。故填concerning。
(2022·北京,书面表达)
【12题答案】
【答案】 ①. concerning/(which is) concerned with how to improve English writing ②. As far as I am concerned
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。 第一空:修饰名词online talk作后置定语,表示“关于如何提高英语写作”。可用介词concerning,意为“关于”,后接宾语how to improve English writing;也可用定语从句(which is)concerned with how to improve English writing,其中be concerned with意为“关于”,which指代先行词online talk,在从句中作主语,which is可省略。 第二空表示“在我看来”,为固定短语As far as I am concerned,在句中作插入语,用于引出个人观点。故填①concerning/(which is) concerned with how to improve English writing;②As far as I am concerned。
2 breath n. 一口气,呼吸[breathe v. 呼吸breathless adj.(使)气喘吁吁的]
(2025·浙江1月读后续写)
【13题答案】
【答案】breathed a sigh of relief
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“松了一口气”;句子描述过去发生的连续动作,前半句为一般过去时froze,因此后半句时态也需保持一致,使用一般过去时;“松了一口气”是固定短语breathe a sigh of relief,句中谓语动词breathe要变为过去式breathed。故填breathed a sigh of relief。
(读后续写之情绪描写)
【14题答案】
【答案】held my breath
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“屏住呼吸”;根据句子结构,and连接了3个并列的句子,因此空处用谓语;描述过去发生的场景,时态为一般过去时;“屏住呼吸”翻译为hold one’s breath,在句中作谓语;主语为I,对应的形容词性物主代词为my,且hold的过去式为held。故填held my breath。
(话题写作之活动介绍)
【15题答案】
【答案】 ①. took a breath ②. breathless/out of breath ③. took our breath away
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文(叙事性片段),以第一人称视角记录了爬山过程中“决定坚持→身体疲惫→被景色震撼”的连续动作与心理变化。
【详解】考查固定短语、形容词及时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,设空处分别应填“吸了一口气”,“上气不接下气”及“让我们惊叹不已”。根据“and resolved”可知,句子为一般过去时,“吸了一口气”翻译为take a breath,其过去式为took;“上气不接下气”翻译为breathless/out of breath,作表语;“让某人惊叹不已”翻译为take one’s breath away,其过去式为took。故填①took a breath;②breathless/out of breath;③took our breath away。
3 annoyed adj. 恼怒的,烦恼的(annoy vt. 使恼怒,使生气annoying adj. 令人恼怒的annoyance n. 恼怒;使人烦恼的事)
【16题答案】
【答案】 ①. Annoyed ②. annoyance
【解析】
【详解】句意:我满心恼怒却又无处发泄,只能咬紧牙关、深吸一口气,拼命压抑住内心的烦躁。第一空作状语修饰主语I,需用形容词描述人的感受,annoy的形容词形式Annoyed“感到恼怒的”,句首首字母大写;第二空前有形容词inner修饰,需用名词作contain的宾语;annoy的名词形式annoyance“恼怒、烦躁”,不可数。
(读后续写之片段描写)
【17~20题答案】
【答案】17. was annoyed with him about/at his annoying table manners
18. What annoyed me most was that
19. to my annoyance
20. was so annoyed to have dinner
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙类微写作,讲述了“我”因同桌令人反感的餐桌礼仪而极度恼怒,最终因无法忍受提前离席的经历。
【17题详解】
空处应翻译“由于他令人讨厌的餐桌礼仪,我很恼他”,句子描述过去发生的情绪,用一般过去时。“对某人心烦/恼怒”用固定搭配be annoyed with sb. about/at sth.;主语为I,be动词用was;“令人讨厌的餐桌礼仪”译为his annoying table manners。
【18题详解】
空处应翻译“最让我生气的是”,用“主语从句 + 表语从句”的复合结构。 主语从句部分,“最让我生气的”译为What annoyed me most ,What引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,句首单词的首字母大写;annoyed用一般过去时呼应全文时态;表语从句部分,用that引导,无实际含义,仅起连接作用。
【19题详解】
空处应翻译“令我气恼的是”。“令某人恼怒的是”用固定短语to one’s annoyance,此处对应“令我气恼的是”,即to my annoyance,在句中作插入语。
【20题详解】
空处应翻译“是如此烦恼和他一起吃饭”。句子使用so ... that ... 结果状语从句结构,意为“如此……以至于……”;主语为I,用一般过去时,be动词用was;“烦恼的”用形容词annoyed(修饰人),so annoyed后接不定式to have dinner作原因状语。
4 adjust v. 调整;适应(adjustable adj. 可调整的,可调节的 adjustment n. 调整;适应)
【21题答案】
【答案】adjustable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:坦率地说,我非常喜欢这辆可调节的自行车,感激不尽。空处修饰名词bicycle,应填形容词形式,adjust的形容词为adjustable,意为“可调节的”,作定语修饰名词bicycle。故填adjustable。
(应用文写作之求助信)
【22题答案】
【答案】how to adjust (myself) to the new surroundings
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“如何适应新环境”;“如何做某事”翻译为how to do sth,这是“疑问词 + 不定式”结构,作介词on的宾语;“适应”翻译为adjust (oneself) to,后接名词作宾语,其中oneself可以省略;“新环境”翻译为the new surroundings;故填how to adjust (myself) to the new surroundings。
(应用文写作之道歉信)
【23题答案】
【答案】not adjusting the relevant information in time/ not making adjustments/an adjustment to the relevant information in time
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“我没有及时调整相关的信息”。介词for后接动名词,否定形式在动名词前加not,“调整相关信息”用adjust the relevant information或make adjustments/an adjustment to the relevant information表达,“及时”译为in time。
5 let down使失望,辜负
(读后续写之片段描写)
【24~30题答案】
【答案】24. let in
25. let 26. down
27. to let off steam
28. let out
29. let alone
30. letting go of
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了朋友因儿子的事情深受打击、情绪崩溃,作者耐心陪伴、安慰并开导他学会放手与理解的暖心故事。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语。句意:听到敲门声后,我让我的朋友进来。根据汉语提示和语境可知,空处应填短语let in“让……进来”;通过上下文可知,句子描述过去发生的动作,时态用一般过去时,let的过去式为let。故填let in。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语。句意:他含泪低声说,他儿子所做的事让他失望了。根据汉语提示和语境可知,空处应填短语let sb. down “让某人失望”;主句为一般过去时,宾语从句也用一般过去时,let的过去式为let。故填let。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语。句意:同上。根据汉语提示和语境可知,空处应填短语let sb. down “让某人失望”。故填down。
【27题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:我只是静静地坐在沙发上,让他发泄情绪。根据汉语提示和语境可知,空处应填短语let off steam“发泄情绪”;enable sb. to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“让某人能够做某事”,故用不定式to let off steam。故填to let off steam。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语。句意:他发出一声痛苦的尖叫,感觉像刀割在胸口。根据汉语提示和语境可知,空处应填短语let out“发出(声音)”;句子描述过去发生的动作,时态用一般过去时,let的过去式为let。故填let out。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语。句意:我们成年人有时靠手机完成工作,更不用说青少年了。根据汉语提示和语境可知,空处应填短语let alone“更不用说”,用于递进强调。故填let alone。
【30题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:所以有时候放开我们的孩子并没有坏处,你应该确保你儿子在规定时间内使用手机。根据汉语提示和语境可知,空处应填短语let go of“放开,放手”;在句中作主语,应用动名词形式letting go of。故填letting go of。
6 every time 引导时间状语从句 Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit. 也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。
(2024·浙江1月,读后续写)
【31题答案】
【答案】The first time Eva set foot on campus
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“Eva第一次踏入校园时”;句子陈述过去事实,时态为一般过去时;“第一次……时”译为the first time,引导时间状语从句,句首首字母大写;“踏入校园”译为set foot on campus,为固定搭配,主语为Eva,谓语动词用过去式set。故填The first time Eva set foot on campus。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【32题答案】
【答案】Every/Each time I have difficulty with my writing
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句和固定搭配。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“每次我写作有困难时”;“每次”翻译为every time/each time,引导时间状语从句,且位于直接引语的句首,首字母要大写;“做某事有困难”翻译为have difficulty with sth.;“写作”翻译为writing;从句陈述经常性动作,时态为一般现在时。故填Every/each time I have difficulty with my writing。
【33题答案】
【答案】The next/Next time you visit me
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“下次你来看我时”,next time或the next time均可作连词引导时间状语从句,置于句首时,首字母要大写,从句“你来看我”译为you visit me;且时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,从句用一般现在时visit表将来含义。故填The next/Next time you visit me。
(读后续写之紧张情绪描写)
【34题答案】
【答案】I stepped onto the stage for the first time
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“我第一次走上舞台”;句子描述过去发生的经历,时态为一般过去时;I作从句主语;“走上舞台”翻译为stepped onto the stage,在从句中作谓语和宾语,动词step用过去式stepped;“第一次”翻译为for the first time,在从句中作时间状语;句首单词首字母大写。故填I stepped onto the stage for the first time。
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ. 一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
【35~37题答案】
【答案】35. vt.撕裂
36. n.撕裂(伤口)
37. n.眼泪,泪水
【解析】
【35题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:由于一场意外事故,他的伤口被撕裂了,由撕裂造成的疼痛让他突然哭了起来。根据“his wound was torn”可知,此处torn为谓语动词,是tear的过去分词形式,指“撕裂”。故填:vt. 撕裂。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:由于一场意外事故,他的伤口被撕裂了,由撕裂造成的疼痛让他突然哭了起来。根据“the pain caused by the tear”可知,此处tear为名词,指“撕裂(伤口)”。故填:n. 撕裂(伤口)。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:由于一场意外事故,他的伤口被撕裂了,由撕裂造成的疼痛让他突然哭了起来。根据“burst into tears”可知,此处tears为名词,指“眼泪,泪水”。故填:n. 眼泪,泪水。
【38~40题答案】
【答案】38. vt. 松开
39. adj. 松散的
40. adj. 不严谨的
【解析】
【38题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:我松开他的手,拍了拍他的肩膀,说道:“你关于松散组织的演讲不仅令人困惑,里面还有一些不严谨的术语。”。根据“I loosed his hands”可知,此处loosed为谓语动词,后接宾语“his hands”,意为“松开”。故填:vt. 松开。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意:同上。根据名词“organisation”可知,此处loose作形容词,意为“松散的”。故填:adj. 松散的。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意:同上。根据名词“terms ”可知,此处loose作形容词,结合“confusing”可知,此处表示“不严谨的”。故填:adj. 不严谨的。
【41~43题答案】
【答案】41. v. 使(船)沉没
42. v. 沮丧,低落
43. v. 坐下,倒下
【解析】
【41题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:当我得知那艘船沉到了河底时,我的心情一下子沉了下来,我叹了口气,瘫坐在椅子上。sank是sink的过去式,在宾语从句中作谓语,主语为the ship,根据“to the bottom of the river”可知,此处指船沉没的动作。故填:v.使(船)沉没。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:同上。sank是sink的过去式,在主句中作谓语,主语为my heart,根据“let out a sigh”可知,此处指心情变得沮丧、低落。故填:v. 沮丧,低落。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:同上。sinking是sink的现在分词,在句中作伴随状语,逻辑主语为I,根据“into a chair”可知,此处指身体坐下、倒下的状态。故填:v. 坐下,倒下。
Ⅱ. 单元知识应用
【44题答案】
【答案】with
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:他总是对我百般挑剔,这严重影响了我的心情。finds fault with ...“对……百般挑剔”,符合“这严重影响了我的心情”的语境。故填with。
【45题答案】
【答案】out
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意:无论何时你面临严峻的挑战,都毫不犹豫地来找我。我可以帮你解决困难。此处考查固定搭配help sb. out,意思是“帮某人摆脱困境,帮某人解决问题”。故填out。
【46题答案】
【答案】Criticised
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:被老师批评后,这个男孩终于意识到他本应该考虑这些建议的。本句已有谓语realised,空格处填动词criticise“批评”的非谓语形式;句子主语the boy与动词criticise之间是被动关系(即男孩是“被批评”的),且分词动作发生在主句谓语realised之前,因此用criticise的过去分词Criticised作时间状语或原因状语,表被动及完成,句首首字母大写。故填Criticised。
【47题答案】
【答案】concerned
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:在我们看来,如今可持续发展在世界上具有重大意义。此处考查固定短语as far as we are concerned,意为“在我们看来”,其中concern是动词,此处需填其形容词形式concerned作表语。故填concerned。
【48题答案】
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:当她走进房间时,她的眼睛花了几秒钟才适应黑暗。adjust to …是固定搭配,意为“适应……”,to为介词。故填to。
【49题答案】
【答案】down
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意为:让我失望的是,他泄露了我们共同的秘密。固定短语let sb. down,意为“让某人失望”,其中down是副词,作宾语补足语。 故填down。
【50题答案】
【答案】to launch
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他决定发起一项活动,号召身边的人过低碳生活。resolve to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“决心做某事、决定做某事”,后面应接动词不定式,所以launch“发起”变为to launch。故填to launch。
【51题答案】
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:我担心他是否会原谅我的错误。固定搭配forgive sb. for sth.,意思是“原谅某人某事”。故填for。
【52题答案】
【答案】to switch
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在讲课期间,他示意我们把智能手机调成静音模式。根据signal to sb. to do sth.意为“示意某人做某事”可知,此处应用不定式to switch作宾语补足语。故填to switch。
【53题答案】
【答案】Frankly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意:坦率地说,我没打算请求你的许可。空处修饰现在分词speaking,应填副词形式,frank的副词为frankly,意为“坦率地”,构成固定搭配frankly speaking“坦率地说”,句首首字母要大写。故填Frankly。
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练——人际交往
【54题答案】
【答案】参考范文
Good afternoon, everyone!
It is my privilege to stand here to give you a speech on how to adjust to high school life and get along well with others.
To begin with, every time you meet with learning difficulties, you’d better turn to your teachers or friends for help. Furthermore, it would be a good idea if you could actively participate in after-class activities apart from learning, which will reduce your mental pressure and strengthen the friendship between each other. In addition, when an important examination is approaching, you can take a deep breath, trying to keep calm. What is the most important is that we must show respect, concern and sympathy for others and never hesitate to lend a hand to those in need.
All in all, I hope all of you can enjoy high school life and make something of your education.
Thanks for your listening.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生发表一篇关于如何适应高中生活、与他人友好相处的英文演讲。
【详解】1.词汇积累
适应:adjust to → adapt to
相处:get along well with → get on well with
遇到:meet with → encounter
参与:participate in → take part in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句:In addition, when an important examination is approaching, you can take a deep breath, trying to keep calm.
拓展句:In addition, with an important examination approaching, you are supposed to take a deep breath, trying to keep calm.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Furthermore, it would be a good idea if you could actively participate in after-class activities apart from learning, which will reduce your mental pressure and strengthen the friendship between each other. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句及which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】What is the most important is that we must show respect, concern and sympathy for others and never hesitate to lend a hand to those in need. (运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句)
【完成句子】
【55题答案】
【答案】It is my privilege to stand here to give you a speech on how to adjust to high school life and get along well with others.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词和固定短语。“我很荣幸能站在这里”译为It is my privilege to stand here,it作形式主语,真正主语为不定式短语,句首首字母大写;“做一个关于……的演讲”译为to give you a speech on ...,不定式表目的;“适应高中生活”译为adjust to high school life,固定短语adjust to,意为“适应”,此处to为介词,后接名词;“和与他人和睦相处”译为and get along well with others;结合题目要求,疑问词 + to do结构在此处作介词on的宾语,表“如何适应”,用how to adjust。故翻译为It is my privilege to stand here to give you a speech on how to adjust to high school life and get along well with others.
【56题答案】
【答案】Every time you meet with learning difficulties, you’d better turn to your teachers or friends for help.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句、固定短语和时态。句子描述一般情况,用一般现在时。“每当你遇到学习困难时”在句中作时间状语,应用every time引导时间状语从句,译为Every time you meet with learning difficulties,句首首字母大写;“你最好向你的老师或朋友寻求帮助”为主句,“最好做某事”用固定搭配had better do sth,“向某人求助”用固定搭配turn to sb for help,译为you’d better turn to your teachers or friends for help。故翻译为Every time you meet with learning difficulties, you’d better turn to your teachers or friends for help.
【57题答案】
【答案】Furthermore, it would be a good idea if you could actively participate in after-class activities apart from learning, which will reduce your mental pressure and strengthen the friendship between each other.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、固定短语、状语从句和定语从句。“此外”译为Furthermore,句首首字母大写;主句“这将是一个好主意”译为it would be a good idea,时态为过去将来时(would + 动词原形),虚拟语气,用于委婉提出建议;“如果你能在学习之余积极参加课外活动”译为if you could actively participate in after-class activities apart from learning,时态为一般过去时,虚拟语气,与现在/将来事实相反;“这将减轻你的精神压力,增进彼此之间的友谊”译为which will reduce your mental pressure and strengthen the friendship between each other,非限制性定语从句中的关系代词which指代前面整个句子,时态为一般将来时(will + 动词原形),表将来的行为。故翻译为Furthermore, it would be a good idea if you could actively participate in after-class activities apart from learning, which will reduce your mental pressure and strengthen the friendship between each other.
【58题答案】
【答案】When an important examination is approaching, you can take a deep breath, trying to keep calm.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句、时态、非谓语动词和固定搭配。“当重要考试临近时”译为When an important examination is approaching,用现在进行时表即将发生的动作;“你可以深呼吸”译为you can take a deep breath,take a deep breath,意为“深呼吸”;“尽量保持冷静”译为trying to keep calm,现在分词作伴随状语。故翻译为When an important examination is approaching, you can take a deep breath, trying to keep calm.
【59题答案】
【答案】What is the most important is that we must show respect, concern and sympathy for others and never hesitate to lend a hand to those in need.
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句、固定短语和时态。句子描述一般情况,用一般现在时。“最重要的是”what引导主语从句,译为What is the most important is;“我们必须尊重、关心和同情他人,毫不犹豫地向需要帮助的人伸出援助之手”在句中作表语,应用that引导表语从句;“必须”用情态动词must;“尊重、关心和同情他人”用固定搭配show respect, concern and sympathy for others;“毫不犹豫做某事”用固定搭配never hesitate to do sth;“伸出援助之手”用固定搭配lend a hand to;“需要帮助的人”翻译为those in need,介词短语作后置定语;且用and连接从句中的并列谓语。故翻译为What is the most important is that we must show respect, concern and sympathy for others and never hesitate to lend a hand to those in need.
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
__________________________________________________________
语料运用 【尴尬瞬间】
【60~64题答案】
【答案】60. he felt as if the whole world were watching him
61. Having taken a deep breath
62. with his face burning with embarrassment
63. wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment
64. So ashamed did he feel that he was close to tears
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文描述了瑞安上车时不小心摔了一跤,被众人嘲笑,感到无比尴尬,几乎要哭出来了的过程。
【60题详解】
考查方式状语从句。本句为一般过去时的陈述句。“他觉得好像”译为 he felt as if,as if 引导表语从句,从句用虚拟语气表达夸张含义。“全世界都在看着他”译为the whole world were watching him,从句中用were表示与现在事实不符的虚拟。故译为he felt as if the whole world were watching him。
【61题详解】
考查现在分词短语作状语。“深吸一口气”译为 take a deep breath,该动作发生在struggled 之前,且逻辑主语是Ryan,故用现在分词完成式having taken a deep breath作状语,句首首字母大写。故译为Having taken a deep breath。
【62题详解】
考查with复合结构。 “他的脸”译为his face,作with的宾语。“因尴尬而发烫”译为burning with embarrassment,用现在分词burning 作宾语补足语,构成 with + 宾语 + 宾补 结构表伴随状态。故译为with his face burning with embarrassment。
【63题详解】
考查现在分词短语。“不知如何掩饰”译为wondering how to hide,逻辑主语是He,与moved 和 lowered同时发生,故用现在分词wondering作伴随状语。“内心的尴尬”译为his inner embarrassment。故译为wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment。
【64题详解】
考查倒装句。本句为部分倒装结构的陈述句。“羞愧得几乎要哭出来了”可表达为So ashamed did he feel that he was close to tears,将“So + 形容词” 置于句首引起部分倒装,结构为So + adj. + be动词 + 主语 + that 从句,表程度夸张。故译为So ashamed did he feel that he was close to tears。
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