内容正文:
必修第一册
UNIT 1 A new start
排查·基础知识词汇串记
语法填空
The moment Senior One students catch sight of the impressive neat campus on the Orientation Day, they are curious ____1____ everything, such as school traditions, and they have great eagerness to explore all the corners and facilities one by one. Their excitement is beyond ____2____ (describe). They will grasp every opportunity to leave a good impression on others. But sometimes they have butterflies in their stomachs and they are under such great pressure that they can hardly breathe, in particular when ____3____ (struggle) to handle challenges. Some students set down their worries in their journals. Therefore, they often exchange ideas and refer to their life in junior school, figuring that their former life is ____4____ (good). Of course, they also turn to the School Committee for specific hints on how ____5____ (solve) their problems. Gradually, they calm down and volunteer to apply to take part in various activities ____6____ (organise) by the Student Association, such as badminton or skateboarding matches in the school gym, piano contests, poster design or photography competitions and drama stage performances performed by a band of performers. Some students succeed in winning first awards. Besides, to improve their sharp minds, they ____7____ (active) join the debate club, ____8____ they heatedly argue with each other about some hot topics. Meanwhile, to broaden their view, they subscribe to highly-rated newspapers online or select books in the school library, trying to memorise useful knowledge. With a busy schedule, their inner anxiety ____9____ (begin) to melt away and they become more confident. ____10____ the intelligent students are still frightened and in panic, they are ready to go all out and have been looking forward to achieving their dreams before they graduate from senior high. Just as the old saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 impression n. 印象,感想 (impress vt. 给……留下极深的印象,使钦佩impressive adj. 令人钦佩的,给人深刻印象的impressed adj. 对……钦佩,有深刻的印象)
(话题写作之旅游景点介绍)
11. What is the most ________ (impress) about Jiuzhaigou National Park is its various waterfalls and colorful lakes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(2024·上海1月,书面表达)
12. 我认为您精彩的讲座会给我们留下深刻的印象,激发我们对西方文学作品的兴趣。
I figure that ________, stimulating our interest in western literary works.
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读)
13. 赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑。这里还有一座古老的图书馆。
The Hereford Cathedral ________ in town. It’s also home to an ancient library.
2 curious adj. 好奇的 (curiously adv. 好奇地curiosity n. 好奇心;求知欲)
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
14. Out of ________ (curious), we crept into the dark cave, where a snake panicked us into screaming. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(2024·天津3月,书面表达)
15. 既然你对科技如何影响中国人的生活感到好奇,我真诚地邀请你访问中国,亲身体验这些进步。
Now that ________, I sincerely invite you to visit China and experience these advancements first-hand.
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷,读后续写)
16. 当我说话的时候,我注意到同学们全神贯注的注意力,他们的眼睛里流露出好奇和尊重。
As I spoke, I noticed the rapt attention of my classmates, ________.
(2025·北京卷,阅读)
17. “用另一把钥匙可以打开那把锁,”我说。立刻,他们的目光带着新发现的兴趣和好奇转向了我。
“It’s possible to open that lock with another key,” I said. Instantly, their eyes turned to me ________.
3 argue v. 争论,争辩 (argument n. 争论,争辩;论点)
(2024·天津3月,书面表达)
18. Some web friends heatedly argued ________ each other ________ whether technologies have thoroughly improved Chinese people’s daily life or not. (用适当的词填空)
(2024·天津6月,书面表达)
19. 无可争论,我们必须立即采取措施建设低碳校园。例如,我们应该说服我们周围的人不要使用塑料袋和一次性筷子。
It is ________ that we must take immediate measures to build a low-carbon campus. For example, we should ________ plastic bags and disposable chopsticks.
(2025·北京卷,阅读)
20. 这名家长辩称,她朋友的父母都不让他们在9点以后玩屏幕。
The parent ________ after 9 o’clock.
4 apply v. 申请;涂,敷;努力,使专注于;运用;适用 (application n. 申请;应用,运用;应用程序applicant n. 申请者)
(应用文写作之通知)
21. All ________ who have applied ________ the position as teaching assistant should submit a formal ________ form before Wednesday. (apply) (所给词的适当形式填空)
22. I will struggle to memorise these specific rules that apply ________ all the emergencies. (用适当的词填空)
(读后续写之动作链描写)
23. He fetched some cream, applied it ________ the wound with care and rushed me to the hospital.
(2025·北京卷)
24. 在竞争激烈的应聘者面前毫无胜算,我一脸沮丧地走出面试。
Not standing a chance against ________, I came out of the interview with an upset look.
5 schedule n. 计划表,进度表,日程表 vt. 安排;预定
25. Only if all of us apply ourselves to the project can we complete it ________ schedule or even ahead ________ schedule. (用适当的词填空)
(2021·浙江6月,应用文写作)
26. 学生传统国画展览按计划将在5月15日至24日在我们的图书馆二楼举行。
An exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings ________________ from May 15 to May 24.
(应用文写作之活动介绍)
27. 按照计划,我们今天将举办一场英语才艺秀,旨在丰富我们的学校生活,培养我们对英语学习的热情。
________, we will hold an English Talent Show today, aiming to enrich our school life and develop our enthusiasm in English learning.
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷,应用文写作之夏令营介绍)
28. 这次的迷你夏令营将保持他们的日常安排,并有很多有趣的活动。
This Mini Camp will still have their ________ with a lot of fun activities.
6 frightened adj. 受惊的;害怕的 (frighten v. 使惊吓;使惊恐;使害怕frightening adj. 令人恐惧的;可怕的fright n. 害怕,恐惧)
(应用文写作之慰问信)
29. 听说你害怕在公共场合做演讲,我非常遗憾。
I am terribly sorry to hear that you ________________ a lecture in public.
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
30. 当我看到一头可怕的熊张着血盆大口时,我害怕得要死。我吓得站在那里,头发都竖起来了。
When seeing ________ opening its bloody mouth, I ________. I ________ there, with my hair standing on end.
7 exchange v. 交流 (信息、想法等);交易;兑换n. 交换;交流
(读后续写之动作和语言描写)
31. With butterflies in her stomach, the little girl stepped up to me cautiously, whispering, “Could I exchange some of the milk ________ your bread and butter?” Upon this, I willingly gave her half of my portion ________ exchange for her milk. (用适当的词填空)
(应用文写作之邀请信)
32. 我真诚地邀请所有的交换生参加这个俱乐部,此俱乐部将组织各种各样的活动,比如听讲座和练习中国书法。此外,俱乐部成员还会就相关话题彼此交流意见。
I sincerely ________, which will organise various activities, such as listening to lectures and practicing Chinese calligraphy. Furthermore, club members will ________ about relevant topics.
(2025·八省联考)
33. 联合国中文日不仅为世界更好地了解中国提供了一个独特的平台,而且促进了世界语言和文化的交流。
The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for the world to better understand China, but also ________.
8 look forward to盼望,期待 (to为介词)
(读后续写之动作描写)
34. I was so curious that I managed to squeeze into the crowd and looked forward ________ (see) what happened. (所给词的适当形式填空)
35. The moment these experts arrived at the destination, they got down to ________ (study) these cultural relics dating back to the Ming Dynasty. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,应用文写作)
36. 谢谢你考虑我的建议。我期待听到你对此事的看法。
Thank you for considering my suggestion. I ________ on this matter.
(2024·上海6月,书面表达)
37. 我完全理解你父母反对你做饭时你的沮丧。
I completely understand your frustration when ________.
9 be doing... when... I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. 我正在浏览公告牌上的照片,身后忽然传来一个声音。
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
38. 我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来,房子就倒塌了,我们吓得魂不附体。
________ it fell to the ground and we were frightened out of our wits.
(读后续写片段)
39. 我双手拿着罐子,正匆忙走上楼梯,突然我的一只光着的脚被楼梯绊住了。我失去了平衡,努力使自己站稳,但是没用。罐子从我的手中滑落,摔在了坚硬的水泥地上。我正要去捡起碎片,就听到妈妈的声音:“发生了什么事?”
With the jar in my hands, I ________ one of my bare feet was caught on one stair. Losing my balance, I tried to steady myself, but in vain. The jar slipped out of my hands, smashing on the hard-as-rock concrete floor. I ________ I heard my mom’s voice, “What’s happening?”
10 with的复合结构 With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 由于紧张,我深吸了一口气。
40. With so many tricky challenges ________ (settle), the newly-elected president of the city committee must go all out to solve them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)
41. 完成了所有的准备工作,他高兴地跳了起来,眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
________________, he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement.
(话题写作之节日庆祝)
42. 皓月当空,我们围坐在一起吃月饼和水果,分享我们的故事。
________, we sit together and eat mooncakes and fruit, sharing our stories.
(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)
43. Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.(句式升级)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms, ________________.(with复合结构)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms, ________________.(独立主格结构)
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
Ⅰ. 一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
At 5 sharp① yesterday afternoon, while riding along a sharp② bend on the country road, I knocked over a young man with sharp③ eyes. Seeing my pale face, he didn’t throw sharp④ words to me but said humorously, “Look! The tyre tracks are quite sharp⑤ and clear. And luckily you don’t have a sharp⑥ knife fastened to your bike handle.”
①____44____②____45____③____46____④____47____⑤____48____⑥____49____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
I am applying① myself to studying first aid knowledge and I am looking forward to applying② theory to practice. Each first aid method applies③ to a kind of emergency. For example, we can apply④ medical alcohol to the wounds or slow the bleeding by applying⑤ pressure to the wounds.
①____50____ ②____51____ ③____52____ ④____53____ ⑤____54____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
清除阅读障碍请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
In my view①, to view② the best view③, we must climb to the top of the mountain, which is viewed④ as the highest one in our province. Then, we posted some breathtaking photos we shot online, which unexpectedly gained 10, 000views⑤. In conclusion, the mountain-climbing activity not only broadened our view⑥ but also strengthened our body.
①____55____②____56____③____57____④____58____⑤____59____⑥____60____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
Judging from the above Figure① One, 61% of the children are overweight. The figure② is shocking and I figure③ that we should figure out④ the root cause of childhood obesity. Besides, to have a good figure⑤, children should be helped to figure⑥ calories when eating. Moreover, some outstanding fitness figures⑦ can be invited to deliver some lectures on healthy diets.
①____61____ ②____62____ ③____63____ ④____64____ ⑤____65____ ⑥____66____ ⑦____67____
Ⅱ. 单元知识运用
68. I ________ (select) apples in the supermarket when suddenly I heard my name called. (所给词的适当形式填空)
69. In his journal, he expressed his ________ (eager) to gain the opportunity to participate in the activity. (所给词的适当形式填空)
70. Though my cousin is junior ________ me, his academic performance is superior to mine a lot. (用适当的词填空)
71. Some students gathered at the school gate, curious ________ (explore) the campus. (所给词的适当形式填空)
72. As far as the author is concerned, it’s no use arguing ________ his wife ________ the question for she is so stubborn. (用适当的词填空)
(应用文写作之邀请信)
73. In my view, especially interesting is making dumplings, which I think is ________ (particular) attractive to you. (所给词的适当形式填空)
74. My former classmates volunteered ________ (help) when the typhoon struck the city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
75. Believe it or not, the band I ________ (refer) to just now is famous at home and abroad. (所给词的适当形式填空)
76. The moment the intelligent man graduated ________ university, he was devoted to inventing various household facilities. (用适当的词填空)
77. ________ (frighten) and nervous, I had difficulty breathing and could hardly utter a word. (所给词的适当形式填空)
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练——美术课
78. 假定你是李华,上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历,内容包括:
(1)你完成的作品;
(2)你的感想。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【完成句子】
79. 上周五在一个公园里安排了一节美术课,我写信是想和你分享一下。 (并列句)(汉译英)
__________________________________________________________
80. 我们的任务是画一些令我们印象最深的东西。 (impress;定语从句) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________
81. 蝴蝶飞舞,鸟儿歌唱,我专心致志地创作了一幅水彩画,画的是公园池塘上的小桥,周围是盛开的鲜花。 (with的复合结构;apply oneself to)(汉译英)
__________________________________________________________
82. 无可争论,整个体验令人耳目一新。(argument;it作形式主语)(汉译英)
__________________________________________________________
83. 欣赏着美妙的风景,我们不仅在高中的紧张日程中获得了休息,而且还互相交流了绘画技巧。 (非谓语动词短语作状语;exchange) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________
84. 期待收到你的来信。 (look forward to) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
__________________________________________________________
语料运用 【学校生活】
____85____ (with的复合结构), I dragged my feet stepping into the first maths class in senior high and sat in the front row of the classroom. I ____86____ (be doing ... when) my maths teacher, a white-haired man, strode in. After he introduced himself, he asked us some questions. ____87____ (倒装句). But things didn’t go as I had wished. ____88____ (形容词短语作状语), I shook all over and was on pins and needles. ____89____ (独立主格), I struggled to stand up. Luckily, my teacher’s nice smile eased my inner terror. During the second half of the class, I became more confident and could keep calm, ____90____ (现在分词短语作状语).
我忐忑不安地拖着双脚进入高中的第一堂数学课,坐在教室的前排。我正在想象数学课会是什么样子,这时我的数学老师,一个白发苍苍的男人,大步走了进来。他自我介绍之后问了我们几个问题。我如此害怕被要求回答问题,我低下了头。但事情并没有如我所愿。我又害怕又紧张,浑身发抖,如坐针毡。我挣扎着站了起来,心都提到了嗓子眼。幸运的是,老师亲切的微笑缓解了我内心的恐惧。在下半节课上,我变得更加自信,能够保持冷静,在心里发誓我会全力以赴去学习。
必修第一册
UNIT 1 A new start
排查·基础知识词汇串记
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. about
2. description
3. struggling
4. better 5. to solve
6. organised
7. actively
8. where 9. begins
10. Although##Though##While
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了高一新生入学后的适应过程:从初入校园的好奇兴奋,到面对挑战的压力焦虑,再到逐渐适应、积极参与活动、重拾自信,最终全力以赴追逐梦想的成长历程。
【1题详解】
考查介词。句意:高一新生在迎新日看到整洁气派的校园时,会对一切事物感到好奇,比如学校的传统,并且迫切想要逐一探索校园的每个角落和设施。固定搭配be curious about sth.表示“对……感到好奇”,介词about符合语境。故填about。
【2题详解】
考查名词。句意:他们的兴奋难以用言语形容。beyond为介词,后接名词作宾语,describe(动词,描述)需变为名词形式description,表抽象“形容”,不可数,beyond description为固定习语,意为“难以形容”。故填description。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:但有时他们也会忐忑不安,承受着巨大的压力,几乎喘不过气,尤其是在努力应对挑战的时候。此处when引导时间状语,逻辑主语they与主句主语保持一致,与struggle为主动关系,用现在分词作状语(省略从句的主语和be动词)。故填struggling。
【4题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意:因此,他们经常交流想法,回顾初中生活,认为以前的生活更好。此处隐含“初中生活与高中生活”的对比,good需变为比较级better。故填better。
【5题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:当然,他们也会向学生会寻求具体建议,了解如何解决自己的问题。how to do sth.为固定结构,表示“如何做某事”。故填to solve。
【6题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:逐渐地,他们冷静下来,主动申请参加由校委会组织的各类活动,比如学校体育馆的羽毛球或滑板比赛、钢琴比赛、海报设计或摄影比赛,以及由表演者乐队呈现的戏剧舞台表演。“calm down and volunteer”为谓语,activities与organise为被动关系(活动被组织),用过去分词作后置定语,organise的过去分词为organised。故填organised。
【7题详解】
考查副词。句意:此外,为了锻炼敏锐的思维,他们积极加入辩论社,在社里就热门话题与同伴激烈辩论。此处修饰动词join,需用副词,active(形容词,积极的)的副词形式为actively。故填actively。
【8题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:此外,为了锻炼敏锐的思维,他们积极加入辩论社,在社里就热门话题与同伴激烈辩论。先行词为debate club,表示地点,从句they heatedly argue with each other about some hot topics不缺主语和宾语,缺地点状语,用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【9题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:随着忙碌的日程,他们内心的焦虑开始消散,变得更加自信。全文为一般现在时,主语their inner anxiety为单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,begin的第三人称单数为begins。故填begins。
【10题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意:尽管聪明的学生仍然会感到害怕和慌乱,但他们已准备好全力以赴,期待在高中毕业前实现梦想。此处引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管、虽然”,可用Although/Though/While,位于句首首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 impression n. 印象,感想 (impress vt. 给……留下极深的印象,使钦佩impressive adj. 令人钦佩的,给人深刻印象的impressed adj. 对……钦佩,有深刻的印象)
(话题写作之旅游景点介绍)
【11题答案】
【答案】impressive
【解析】
【详解】句意:九寨沟国家公园最令人印象深刻的是它多样的瀑布和色彩斑斓的湖泊。根据“What is the most ...”可知,此处是“what”引导的主语从句,从句中缺少形容词作表语;impress的形容词“impressive”意为“令人印象深刻的”,符合句意。
(2024·上海1月,书面表达)
【12题答案】
【答案】your awesome lecture will leave a deep impression on us/you will impress us with your awesome lecture/you will impress your awesome lecture on us/we will be impressed with your awesome lecture
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句子描述将来的动作,用一般将来时;根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“您精彩的讲座会给我们留下深刻的印象”,“您”译为you,“我们”译为we(主格)或us(宾格),“您精彩的讲座”译为your awesome lecture,“……会给……留下深刻的印象”译为sth. will leave a deep impression on sb./sb. will impress sb. with sth./sb. will impress sth. on sb./sb. will be impressed with sth.。故翻译为your awesome lecture will leave a deep impression on us/you will impress us with your awesome lecture/you will impress your awesome lecture on us/we will be impressed with your awesome lecture。
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读)
【13题答案】
【答案】is the most impressive building
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和形容词最高级。陈述客观事实用一般现在时;根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑”,the most impressive译为“最令人印象深刻的”(impressive的最高级形式),building译为“建筑”,主语The Hereford Cathedral为单数,谓语“是”用is。故填is the most impressive building。
2 curious adj. 好奇的 (curiously adv. 好奇地curiosity n. 好奇心;求知欲)
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
【14题答案】
【答案】curiosity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意:出于好奇,我们悄悄爬进了漆黑的山洞,里面的一条蛇吓得我们尖叫起来。“out of curiosity”是固定短语,意为“出于好奇”,介词of后需接名词作宾语。故填curiosity。
(2024·天津3月,书面表达)
【15题答案】
【答案】you are curious about how technologies affect/influence/have an effect/influence/impact on the lives of Chinese people
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“你对科技如何影响中国人的生活感到好奇”;句子陈述事实,时态为一般现在时;“你”翻译为you,在句中作主语;“对……感到好奇”翻译为are curious about,为固定短语,主语为you,be动词用are;“科技如何影响中国人的生活”为宾语从句,作about的宾语,从句用陈述语序,“科技”翻译为technologies,“影响”可翻译为affect/influence/have an effect/influence/impact on,technologies作从句主语,谓语动词用原型,“中国人的生活”翻译为the lives of Chinese people。故填you are curious about how technologies affect/influence/have an effect/influence/impact on the lives of Chinese people。
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷,读后续写)
【16题答案】
【答案】their eyes reflecting curiosity and respect
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“他们的眼睛里流露出好奇和尊重”,“noticed”为谓语,此处可用独立主格结构“名词 + 现在分词”表示,译为their eyes reflecting curiosity and respect,此处逻辑主语their eyes与reflect为主动关系,用现在分词reflecting作伴随状语,补充说明主句的状态。故填their eyes reflecting curiosity and respect。
(2025·北京卷,阅读)
【17题答案】
【答案】with newfound interest and curiosity
【解析】
【详解】考查with的复合结构。句子陈述事实,时态为一般过去时;根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“带着新发现的兴趣和好奇”,用“with+名词”结构作状语;带着:with,在句中作方式状语;新发现的兴趣和好奇:newfound interest and curiosity,在句中作介词with的宾语。故填with newfound interest and curiosity。
3 argue v. 争论,争辩 (argument n. 争论,争辩;论点)
(2024·天津3月,书面表达)
【18题答案】
【答案】 ①. with ②. about##over
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:一些网友就“科技是否彻底改善了中国人的日常生活”这一问题,激烈地争论不休。第一空,固定搭配argue with sb.表示“与某人争论/争吵”,介词with符合语境。第二空,固定搭配argue with sb. about/over sth.表示“就某事与某人争论”,介词about/over符合语境。故填①with;②about/over。
(2024·天津6月,书面表达)
【19题答案】
【答案】 ①. beyond argument ②. argue those around us out of using
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,①空处应填“无可争论”,用固定短语beyond argument表达,在句中作表语;②空处应填“说服我们周围的人不要使用”;情态动词should后接动词原形;“说服某人不要做某事”用固定搭配argue sb. out of doing sth.,“我们周围的人”译为those around us,“使用”译为using。故填①beyond argument;②argue those around us out of using。
(2025·北京卷,阅读)
【20题答案】
【答案】argued that none of her friends’ parents let them have screens
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句及时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“辩称,她朋友的父母都不让他们玩屏幕。”;句子陈述过去发生的事实,时态为一般过去时。辩称:argued,在句中作主句谓语部分;“that”引导宾语从句,在句中作连词;“她朋友的父母都不让他们玩屏幕”为宾语从句,用“none of+复数名词”作主语表示否定;她朋友的父母都不:none of her friends’ parents,作宾语从句主语;让他们:let them,作宾语从句谓宾;玩屏幕:have screens,作宾语从句宾补。故填argued that none of her friends’ parents let them have screens。
4 apply v. 申请;涂,敷;努力,使专注于;运用;适用 (application n. 申请;应用,运用;应用程序applicant n. 申请者)
(应用文写作之通知)
【21题答案】
【答案】 ①. applicants ②. for ③. application
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和介词。句意:所有申请助教岗位的人都需在周三前提交正式申请表。第一空,All后接表示“人”的名词作先行词,引导定语从句who have applied ...;apply(动词,申请)对应的指人名词为applicant(申请人),All表示复数,故用复数形式applicants作主语。第二空,固定搭配apply for表示“申请”,此处apply for the position意为“申请该岗位”,介词for符合语境。第三空,a formal application form是固定表达,意为“正式申请表”;表用途或类别时,用名词application(申请)作定语修饰form。故填①applicants;②for;③application。
【22题答案】
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:我会努力记住这些适用于所有紧急情况的具体规则。apply to是固定搭配,意为“适用于、应用于”。句中these specific rules(这些具体规则)是适用的主体,all the emergencies(所有紧急情况)是适用的对象,用介词to连接二者,准确表达“规则适用于紧急情况”的含义。故填to。
(读后续写之动作链描写)
【23题答案】
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:他取了些药膏,小心地涂在伤口上,然后赶紧把我送到了医院。 根据固定搭配apply sth. to sth.“把某物涂/敷在某物上”可知,此处应填介词to。故填to。
(2025·北京卷)
【24题答案】
【答案】competitive applicants
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和名词。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“竞争激烈的应聘者”;“竞争激烈的”翻译为competitive,形容词作定语修饰应聘者;“应聘者”翻译为applicant,此处指多个应聘者,变复数为applicants。故填competitive applicants。
5 schedule n. 计划表,进度表,日程表 vt. 安排;预定
【25题答案】
【答案】 ①. on ②. of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:只有我们所有人都专心致力于这个项目,我们才能按时甚至提前完成它。第一空为固定搭配on schedule,表示“按时,按计划”,需用介词on;第二空为固定搭配ahead of schedule,表示“提前”,需用介词of。故填on;of。
(2021·浙江6月,应用文写作)
【26题答案】
【答案】is scheduled to be held on the second floor of our library
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“按计划将在我们的图书馆二楼举行”;句子陈述将来的计划;“按计划”可表达为“be scheduled to do sth.”,是固定短语;“举行”翻译为hold,与主语“An exhibition”构成被动关系,故用被动语态“to be held”;“在我们的图书馆二楼”翻译为“on the second floor of our library”,在句中作地点状语;主语为单数,be动词用is。故填is scheduled to be held on the second floor of our library。
(应用文写作之活动介绍)
【27题答案】
【答案】As scheduled
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句及省略。根据英汉意思对比可知,设空处应填“按照计划”。“按照计划”翻译为as it is scheduled,其中as引导状语从句,位于句首首字母大写,且可省略it is。故填As scheduled。
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷,应用文写作之夏令营介绍)
【28题答案】
【答案】normal everyday schedule
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“日常安排”,译为normal everyday schedule,作have的宾语。故填normal everyday schedule。
6 frightened adj. 受惊的;害怕的 (frighten v. 使惊吓;使惊恐;使害怕frightening adj. 令人恐惧的;可怕的fright n. 害怕,恐惧)
(应用文写作之慰问信)
【29题答案】
【答案】are frightened of delivering/are frightened to deliver
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处应填“害怕做(演讲)”,“害怕做某事”常用搭配有be frightened of doing sth.和be frightened to do sth.。句中主语为you,根据“I am terribly sorry ...”可知,描述当前的状态,用一般现在时,故be动词用are;“发表演讲”译为deliver a lecture,of后接动名词delivering,to后接动词原形deliver。故填are frightened of delivering/are frightened to deliver。
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
【30题答案】
【答案】 ①. a frightening bear ②. was frightened to death ③. was frightened into standing
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,第一空应填“一头可怕的熊”,翻译为a frightening bear;第二空应填“害怕得要死”,用固定短语be frightened to death,句子描述过去发生的事,时态为一般过去时,主语为I,be动词用was;第三空应填“吓得站在”,“吓得做某事”用固定结构be frightened into doing sth.,“站在”翻译为stand,需变为动名词standing,句子时态为一般过去时,主语为I,be动词用was。故填a frightening bear;was frightened to death;was frightened into standing。
7 exchange v. 交流 (信息、想法等);交易;兑换n. 交换;交流
(读后续写之动作和语言描写)
【31题答案】
【答案】 ①. for ②. in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:小女孩心里七上八下,小心翼翼地走到我面前,小声问:“我能用一些牛奶换你的面包和黄油吗?”听到这话,我欣然把自己的一半食物给了她,用来交换她的牛奶。第一空,此处用固定搭配exchange A for B来表示“用A交换B”,介词for符合语境;第二空,此处用固定搭配in exchange for来表示“作为……的交换”,介词in符合语境。故填①for;②in。
(应用文写作之邀请信)
【32题答案】
【答案】 ①. invite all the exchange students to join the club ②. exchange ideas with each other
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“真诚地邀请所有的交换生参加这个俱乐部”和“彼此交流意见”;第一空,“邀请某人做某事”对应固定搭配invite sb. to do sth.;“所有的交换生”译为all the exchange students;“参加这个俱乐部”译为join the club;句子描述当下的真诚邀请,用一般现在时,主语为I,谓语动词用原形invite。故译为invite all the exchange students to join the club。第二空,“彼此交流意见”对应固定表达exchange ideas with each other;will后接动词原形。故译为exchange ideas with each other。故填①invite all the exchange students to join the club;②exchange ideas with each other。
(2025·八省联考)
【33题答案】
【答案】promotes language and cultural exchanges in the world
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“促进了世界语言和文化的交流”;句子陈述客观事实,时态为一般现在时;“not only ... but also ...”连接并列谓语,前半句谓语动词为provides,因此后半句谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式;“促进”翻译为promotes,在句中作谓语;“语言和文化的交流”翻译为language and cultural exchanges,在句中作宾语;“世界”翻译为in the world,在句中作状语。故填promotes language and cultural exchanges in the world。
8 look forward to盼望,期待 (to为介词)
(读后续写之动作描写)
【34题答案】
【答案】to seeing
【解析】
【详解】考查介词和非谓语动词。句意:我太好奇了,于是设法挤进人群,期待着看到发生了什么。look forward to是固定短语,意为“期待、盼望”,其中的to是介词,介词后接动词时需要用动名词形式作宾语,因此see要变为seeing,同时不能省略介词to。故填to seeing。
【35题答案】
【答案】studying
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些专家一到达目的地,就着手研究这些可追溯到明朝的文化遗迹。get down to是固定短语,意为“着手做某事,开始认真做某事”,其中的to是介词,介词后接动词时,需要用动名词形式作宾语,因此study要变为studying,意为“研究”。故填studying。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,应用文写作)
【36题答案】
【答案】look forward to hearing your thoughts
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语、时态和非谓语动词。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“期待听到你对此事的看法”;句子陈述现在的期待,时态为一般现在时;“期待”常用固定短语look forward to,其中to为介词,后接动名词形式;“听到”翻译为hear,需变为动名词hearing;“你的看法”翻译为your thoughts,在句中作hearing的宾语;主语为I,谓语动词用原形。故填look forward to hearing your thoughts。
(2024·上海6月,书面表达)
【37题答案】
【答案】your parents are opposed to your cooking
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“你父母反对你做饭”;句子描述当前的客观情况,用一般现在时;“反对”对应固定短语be opposed to,其中to是介词,后需接名词或动名词;“你父母”译为your parents,作从句主语,be动词用are;“你做饭”译为your cooking,用动名词的所有格形式,体现“你做的饭”这一行为。故填your parents are opposed to your cooking。
9 be doing... when... I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. 我正在浏览公告牌上的照片,身后忽然传来一个声音。
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
【38题答案】
【答案】We had just escaped from the burning house when
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来”,为复合句中的主句;句子陈述过去已经发生了的事实,时态为过去完成时;从……里逃出来:had just escaped from(过去完成时结构),强调“escape”这个动作发生在“fell”之前;着火的房子:the burning house,作主句宾语;“when”引导时间状语从句,连接前后两个动作,表示“刚……就……”,在句中作引导词连接主从句。故填We had just escaped from the burning house when。
(读后续写片段)
【39题答案】
【答案】 ①. was walking upstairs in a hurry when ②. was about to pick up the pieces/was on the point of picking up the pieces when
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“我”拿罐子上楼时绊倒摔碎罐子,正要捡碎片时被妈妈询问的经历。
【详解】考查过去进行时、状语从句、介词和非谓语动词等。文章时态为一般过去时。第一空,“我双手拿着罐子,正匆忙走上楼梯,突然”可理解为“正做某事,这时突然……”,用固定句型was/were doing ... when...,主语为I,be动词用was,“匆忙走上楼梯”译为walking upstairs in a hurry;第二空,“我正要去捡起碎片,就”中,“正要做某事,这时突然……”用固定句型was/were about to do ... when ... 或was/were on the point of doing ... when ...,主语为 I,be动词用was,“捡起碎片”译为pick up the pieces。故译为:①was walking upstairs in a hurry when;⑤was about to pick up the pieces/was on the point of picking up the pieces when。
10 with的复合结构 With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 由于紧张,我深吸了一口气。
【40题答案】
【答案】to settle
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有这么多棘手的挑战需要解决,新当选的市委主席必须全力以赴去解决它们。此处是“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的复合结构,“so many tricky challenges”是宾语,“解决挑战”这个动作还未发生,且表示将来要去做,所以用动词不定式“to settle” 作宾语补足语,表明挑战有待被解决。故填to settle。
(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)
【41题答案】
【答案】With all the preparations made
【解析】
【详解】考查with复合结构。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“完成了所有的准备工作”,即“所有的准备工作都被做了”,用with复合结构,是“with+名词/代词+分词/不定式”,“所有的准备工作”是all the preparations,“做”是make,all the preparations和make之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此用过去分词made表被动,位于句首的单词首字母要大写,故填With all the preparations made。
(话题写作之节日庆祝)
【42题答案】
【答案】With the bright moon up in the sky
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“皓月当空”,此处用with复合结构作伴随状语,描述主句动作发生的背景环境。“皓月”译为the bright moon;“当空”译为up in the sky;句首单词的首字母大写。
(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)
【43题答案】
【答案】 ①. with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes ②. tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes
【解析】
【详解】考查with复合结构和独立主格结构。句意:汤姆扑到母亲的怀里,羞愧和尴尬的泪水夺眶而出。第一空用with复合结构表达,宾语tears of shame and embarrassment和非谓语动词短语well up in his eyes是主动关系,well up in his eyes用现在分词作宾补;第二空用独立主格结构“名词/代词+非谓语动词”作状语表达,名词短语tears of shame and embarrassment和非谓语动词短语well up in his eyes是主动关系,well up in his eyes用现在分词形式。故填①with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes ②tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes。
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
Ⅰ. 一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
【44~49题答案】
【答案】44. adv. (指时刻)整
45. adj. (方向)急转的
46. adj. 敏锐的
47. adj. 尖锐的,严厉的
48. adj. 清晰的
49. adj. 锋利的
【解析】
【44题详解】
考查副词词义。句意:昨天下午5点整,我在乡间小路的一个急弯处骑车时,撞倒了一个目光敏锐的年轻人。sharp在数词5后修饰时刻,结合“At 5 sharp”语境,指整点时刻,为副词。故填:adv. (指时刻)整。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意同上。sharp修饰名词bend,结合“on the country road”语境,指道路方向的急转弯,为形容词。故填:adj. (方向)急转的。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意同上。sharp修饰名词eyes,结合语境指观察力强、敏锐的眼神,为形容词。故填:adj. 敏锐的。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意:看到我苍白的脸色,他没有对我说尖刻的话,而是幽默地说:“看!轮胎痕迹很清晰。幸运的是,你车把上没有绑一把锋利的刀。”sharp修饰名词words,结合语境指语气严厉、尖锐的话语,为形容词。故填:adj. 尖锐的,严厉的。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意同上。sharp在句中作表语,结合“and clear”语境,指痕迹清晰、分明,为形容词。故填:adj. 清晰的。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意同上。sharp修饰名词knife,结合语境指刀刃锋利的刀具,为形容词。故填:adj. 锋利的。
【50~54题答案】
【答案】50. vt. 努力,使专注于
51. vt. 运用,应用
52. vi. 适用,有效
53. vt. 涂,敷
54. vt. 手压
【解析】
【50题详解】
考查动词词义。 句意:我正努力专注于学习急救知识,期待着将理论运用到实践中。 apply oneself to doing sth. 是固定搭配,表示“使自己专注于做某事”。 此处applying是动词apply的现在分词形式,作谓语的一部分。 故填:vt. 努力,使专注于。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义。 句意同上。 apply sth. to sth. 表示“把某物应用于某物”。 此处applying是动词apply的现在分词形式,作look forward to的宾语。 故填:vt. 运用,应用。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义。 句意:每一种急救方法都适用于某类紧急情况。apply to sth. 表示“适用于某物”,为不及物动词。 此处applies是动词apply的第三人称单数形式,作句子谓语。 故填:vi. 适用,有效。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义。 句意:例如,我们可以将医用酒精涂敷在伤口上,或者通过按压伤口来止血。 apply sth. to sth. 表示“将某物涂、敷在某物上”。 此处apply是动词原形,跟在情态动词can后作谓语。 故填:vt. 涂,敷。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义。 句意同上。 apply pressure to sth. 表示“对某物按压”。 此处applying是动词apply的现在分词形式,作介词by的宾语。 故填:vt. 手压。
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
【55~60题答案】
【答案】55. n. 观点,见解,看法
56. vt. 看 57. n. 景色,风景
58. vt. 把……视为
59. n. (一次)观看
60. n. 视野
【解析】
【55题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:在我看来,要看到最美的景色,我们必须爬到山顶,这座山被视为我们省最高的山。view在介词in和形容词性物主代词my后作宾语,构成固定搭配in my view,结合语境指个人的观点、看法,为可数名词单数。故填:n. 观点,见解,看法。
【56题详解】
考查及物动词词义。句意:同上。view在不定式结构中作目的状语,主语为we,宾语为the best view,结合语境指用眼睛观看、欣赏景色。故填:vt. 看。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:同上。view在定冠词the和形容词最高级the best后作宾语,结合“climb to the top of the mountain”可知,指从高处看到的自然景色,为可数名词单数。故填:n. 景色,风景。
【58题详解】
考查及物动词词义。句意:同上。view在被动结构is viewed as中作谓语,主语为which(指代the mountain),构成固定搭配be viewed as,结合语境指被当作、被视为。故填:vt. 把……视为。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:然后,我们把拍摄的一些震撼的照片发到了网上,没想到获得了10000次观看。views在数词10,000后作宾语,结合“posted some breathtaking photos online”可知,指对内容的一次浏览、观看,为可数名词复数。故填:n. (一次)观看。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:总之,这次登山活动不仅开阔了我们的视野,还增强了我们的体质。view在形容词性物主代词our和动词broadened后作宾语,构成固定搭配broaden one’s view,结合语境指认知范围、眼界,为可数名词单数。故填:n. 视野。
【61~67题答案】
【答案】61. n. 图表
62. n. 数字 63. vt. 认为,以为
64. 弄清楚 65. n. 身材,体形
66. vt. 计算 67. n. 人物
【解析】
【61题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:从上图一可以看出,61%的儿童体重超重。根据“Judging from the above Figure One, 61%”可知,此处Figure为名词,指从上图表一中可以看后面的61%这一数据。故填:n. 图表。
【62题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:这个数字十分令人震惊,我认为我们应当弄清楚儿童肥胖问题的根源。根据“The figure is shocking”可知,此处figure是名词,指61%这一数据,是统计数字。故填:n. 数字。
【63题详解】
考查动词词义。句意同上。根据“I figure that we should ...”可知,此处figure是及物动词,指对于前文的肥胖情况,我认为我们应该……。故填:vt. 认为,以为。
【64题详解】
考查动词短语。句意同上。根据“we should figure out the root cause of childhood obesity”可知,此处figure out为动词短语,意思是“弄清楚”。故填:弄清楚。
【65题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:此外,为了拥有好身材,应当帮助儿童在饮食时计算摄入的卡路里。根据“to have a good figure”可知,此处figure是名词,指为了拥有一个好的身材或体形。故填:n. 身材,体形。
【66题详解】
考查动词词义。句意同上。 根据“to figure calories”可知,此处figure是及物动词,指去计算卡路里。故填:vt. 计算。
【67题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:另外,可以邀请一些杰出的健身界知名人士开展有关健康饮食的讲座。根据“some outstanding fitness figures”可知,此处figure是可数名词,指一些杰出的健身人物。故填:n. 人物。
Ⅱ. 单元知识运用
【68题答案】
【答案】was selecting
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意:我正在超市挑选苹果,突然听到有人叫我的名字。“sb. was/were doing sth. when ...”是固定句型,表示“某人正在做某事,这时突然……”,强调过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,用过去进行时;句子主语为I,对应的be动词用was,所给词select的现在分词形式为selecting。故填was selecting。
【69题答案】
【答案】eagerness
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意:在他的日记中,他表达了自己渴望获得参加这项活动的机会。形容词性物主代词his后需接名词作动词expressed的宾语,eager是形容词,其名词形式为eagerness,表抽象“渴望”,不可数。故填eagerness。
【70题答案】
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:虽然我的堂弟比我年纪小,但他的学业成绩远优于我。固定搭配be junior to sb.表示“比某人年幼/资历浅”,介词to符合语境。故填to。
【71题答案】
【答案】to explore
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一些学生聚集在校门口,渴望去探索校园。 形容词curious后接不定式作状语,构成固定结构be curious to do sth.,意为“渴望/好奇做某事”,因此explore需用不定式形式to explore。 故填to explore。
【72题答案】
【答案】 ①. with ②. about##over
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:在作者看来,就这个问题和他妻子争论是没有用的,因为她太固执了。“argue with sb. about/over sth.”是固定短语,意为“和某人就某事争论”;第一空空处后接“his wife”,需用介词with;第二空空处后接“the question”,需用介词about或over。故填①with;②about/over。
(应用文写作之邀请信)
【73题答案】
【答案】particularly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意:在我看来,包饺子特别有趣,我想这对你来说尤其有吸引力。此处需要修饰形容词attractive,应使用副词形式;particular的副词形式是particularly,表示“尤其,特别”。故填particularly。
【74题答案】
【答案】to help
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:台风袭击这座城市时,我以前的同学们自愿提供帮助。动词volunteer后接不定式作宾语,构成固定搭配volunteer to do sth.,意为“自愿做某事”,因此help需用不定式形式to help。故填to help。
【75题答案】
【答案】referred
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意:信不信由你,我刚才提到的那个乐队在国内外都很有名。句中有时间状语just now,表示“刚才”,需用一般过去时,refer的过去式为referred,意思是“提到,谈到”,在句中作定语从句的谓语。故填referred。
【76题答案】
【答案】from
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:这位聪明人大学一毕业,就致力于发明各种家用设施。“graduate from ...”是固定短语,意为“从……毕业”。故填from。
【77题答案】
【答案】Frightened
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我既害怕又紧张,呼吸困难,几乎说不出话来。与形容词nervous并列,此处用形容词作状语,说明主语I的状态;frighten是动词,其形容词形式frightened表示“(人)感到害怕的”,用来描述人的感受,句首首字母需大写;而frightening表示“(事物)令人害怕”,不符合语境。故填Frightened。
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练——美术课
【78题答案】
【答案】参考范文
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share with you some details about an art class we had in a park last Friday, which was designed to help us draw inspiration from nature. You cannot imagine how meaningful and interesting it was!
Curious about nature, we had been anxious for such a class for a long time. After arriving at the destination, we were asked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers. When we finished it, we exchanged ideas with each other about our works and shared our experience.
The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. The activity turned out to be a great success, all students finding it interesting and rewarding.
How have your classes been lately? I would love to hear about them.
Take care and write back soon!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件,分享上周五在公园上美术课的经历,包括完成的作品和个人感想。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
有意义的:meaningful → significant
令人印象深刻:impress → strike
决定:decide → make up one’s mind
完成:finish → complete
2. 句式拓展
简单句改为复合句
原句:Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
拓展句:As I was deeply inspired by the fantastic scenery around me, I made up my mind to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge that spanned the park’s pond, which was surrounded by blooming flowers of various colors.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to share with you some details about an art class we had in a park last Friday, which was designed to help us draw inspiration from nature.(使用了which引导非限制性定语从句,对先行词an art class进行补充说明)
【高分句型2】Curious about nature, we had been anxious for such a class for a long time.(使用了形容词短语作状语)
【完成句子】
【79题答案】
【答案】An art class was scheduled to take place in a park last Friday, and I’m writing to share it with you.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态、非谓语动词和并列句。用并列连词and连接两个分句,前一分句陈述过去的事情,用一般过去时,后一分句说明正在写信的目的,用现在进行时;“上周五在一个公园里安排了一节美术课”译为An art class was scheduled to take place in a park last Friday,其中An art class作主语(位于句首首字母大写),谓语用单数,与动词schedule(安排)是被动关系,故用was scheduled作谓语,不定式to take place作主语补足语;“我写信是想和你分享一下”译为and I’m writing to share it with you,不定式to share ... 作目的状语。故翻译为An art class was scheduled to take place in a park last Friday, and I’m writing to share it with you.
【80题答案】
【答案】We were tasked with drawing or painting something that impressed us most.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、非谓语动词和时态。句子描述过去的任务,用一般过去时;“我们的任务是……”译为We were tasked with (doing) sth.,“画”译为drawing or painting,动名词作宾语;“一些令我们印象最深的东西”译为something that impressed us most,定语从句中,先行词为不定代词something,只能用关系代词that引导,修饰先行词并在从句中作主语。故翻译为We were tasked with drawing or painting something that impressed us most.
【81题答案】
【答案】With butterflies flying and birds singing, I applied myself to creating a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、with复合结构和非谓语动词。句子描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时。“蝴蝶飞舞,鸟儿歌唱”用with复合结构,翻译为With butterflies flying and birds singing,逻辑主语与动作fly和sing都是主动关系,用现在分词作伴随状语;“我专心致志地创作了一幅水彩画”中主语是I,谓语“专心致志”翻译为applied myself to,固定短语apply oneself to doing sth表示“专心致志做某事”,“创作了一幅水彩画”翻译为creating a watercolor painting,作宾语;“画的是公园池塘上的小桥”翻译为of the small bridge over the park’s pond,作后置定语;“周围是盛开的鲜花”翻译为surrounded by blooming flowers,逻辑主语与动作surround是被动关系,用过去分词短语作后置定语。故翻译为With butterflies flying and birds singing, I applied myself to creating a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
【82题答案】
【答案】It is beyond argument that the entire experience was incredibly refreshing.
【解析】
【详解】考查it作形式主语、固定短语和时态。句子陈述过去的感受,时态为一般过去时;“无可争论”用固定短语beyond argument,结合it作形式主语结构It is beyond argument that ...;“整个体验”翻译为the entire experience,在主语从句中作主语;“令人耳目一新”翻译为incredibly refreshing,在从句中作表语,从句主语为单数,be动词用was。故翻译为It is beyond argument that the entire experience was incredibly refreshing.
【83题答案】
【答案】Appreciating the fantastic scenery, not only did we gain a break from the tight schedule at senior high but we also exchanged drawing skills with each other.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和not only ... but also ...结构。句子描述过去的经历,用一般过去时;“欣赏着美妙的风景”译为Appreciating the fantastic scenery ,现在分词Appreciating的逻辑主语与主句主语we一致,二者为主动关系,体现“欣赏风景”与主句动作同时发生;“不仅……而且……”使用not only ... but also ... 结构,且not only置于句首时需部分倒装,即把助动词did提到主语we之前,变为not only did we gain ...;but also后的分句保持正常语序we also exchanged ...;“获得了休息”译为gain a break;“高中的紧张日程”译为the tight schedule at senior high;“互相交流了绘画技巧”译为exchanged drawing skills with each other;句首单词首字母大写。故译为Appreciating the fantastic scenery, not only did we gain a break from the tight schedule at senior high but we also exchanged drawing skills with each other.
【84题答案】
【答案】Looking forward to hearing from you.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。look forward to是固定搭配,意为“期待”,其中to是介词,后需接动名词(doing形式);“收到你的来信”对应固定表达hear from you,因look forward to后接动名词,所以hear变为动名词hearing,句首单词首字母大写。故译为Looking forward to hearing from you.
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
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语料运用 【学校生活】
【85~90题答案】
【答案】85. With butterflies in my stomach;
86. was imagining what the maths class would be like when;
87. So terrified of being called on to answer questions was I that I lowered my head;
88. Scared/Frightened and nervous;
89. My heart in my mouth;
90. swearing in my heart that I would go all out to study
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者忐忑地进入高中第一节数学课,从紧张不安到在老师的鼓励下重拾信心、决心努力学习的经历。
【85题详解】
考查with的复合结构。根据英汉意思对比,此处表示“忐忑不安地”,结合主语I,用with + 宾语 + 宾补(介词短语)的结构来表达,译为With butterflies in my stomach,作伴随状语,句首首字母大写。故填With butterflies in my stomach。
【86题详解】
考查固定句型和时态。根据英汉意思对比,此处表示“我正在想象数学课会是什么样子,这时”;结合上下文语境,主句时态为过去进行时,从句用过去将来时;主语为I,使用固定句型was doing ... when ... 表示“正在做某事,这时(突然)……”,译为was imagining what the maths class would be like when,其中what引导宾语从句,作imagining的宾语。故填was imagining what the maths class would be like when。
【87题详解】
考查倒装句。根据英汉意思对比,此处表示“我如此害怕被要求回答问题,我低下了头”,结合上下文语境,时态为一般过去时,译为So terrified of being called on to answer questions was I that I lowered my head;“如此……以致于……”用so ... that ... 表示,so + 形容词/副词位于句首时,使用“So + 形容词/副词 + 系动词/助动词 + 主语 + ... + that + 从句”的部分倒装结构,句首首字母大写。故填So terrified of being called on to answer questions was I that I lowered my head。
【88题详解】
考查形容词短语。根据英汉意思对比,此处表示“又害怕又紧张”;用形容词短语作伴随状语,修饰主语I的状态,“害怕的”可译为Scared/Frightened,句首首字母大写,“紧张的”译为nervous,用并列连词and连接。故填Scared/Frightened and nervous。
【89题详解】
考查独立主格结构。根据英汉意思对比,此处表示“心都提到了嗓子眼”;用独立主格结构“名词 + 介词短语”来表示,译为My heart in my mouth,作伴随状语,句首首字母大写。故填My heart in my mouth。
【90题详解】
考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。根据英汉意思对比,此处表示“在心里发誓我会全力以赴去学习”,结合上下文语境,用过去将来时,可译为swearing in my heart that I would go all out to study;“became ... and could keep”为并列谓语,此处用非谓语形式,swear的逻辑主语为I,二者为主动关系,故用现在分词短语作伴随状语,其中that引导宾语从句。故填swearing in my heart that I would go all out to study。
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