暑假语法预习之定语从句 课件 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

定语从句 暑期英语语法预习 初中英语 考点介绍 考点介绍 定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词之后，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 关系词 引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。分为两类： 关系代词 (that, which, who, whom, whose) 关系副词(when, where, why)。 考点介绍 关系代词的用法 关系代词 指代对象 所作成分 that 人或物 主语或宾语 which 物 主语或宾语 who 人 主语或宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人或物 定语 考点介绍 e.g. The boy that / who / whom you saw yesterday came here again this morning. This is the professor who / that taught me chemistry in 2025. The film that / which we saw at Hongxing Cinema was very interesting. The park which / that was built five years ago is still beautiful. Do you know the girl whose father is a famous doctor? 关系词只能用that ①当先行词是 all, little, much, none, few, something, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。 e.g. As we all know, all that can be done should be done. ②先行词前面有the only, the very, the last 等修饰时。 e.g. This is the only book that I can find. ③当先行词前有序数词或最高级修饰时。 e.g. This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen. 考点介绍 关系词只能用that ④当先行词既有人又有物时。 e.g. I have never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now. ⑤当先行词前面有all, any, no等限定词时。 e.g. All the gifts that you received yesterday should be put away. ⑥当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。 e.g. Which is the book that you like best? 考点介绍 关系词只能用which 考点介绍 ①关系代词作介词的宾语时，用“介词+which”结构。 e.g. This is the place in which I grew up. ②如果先行词本身是that或those时，只能用which。 e.g. Those which are on the desk are English books. ③引导非限制性定语从句指物时，多用which。 e.g. The pens, which they borrowed just now, are mine. 由who, whom或whose引导的定语从句 考点介绍 ① 当先行词指人时，定语从句可以由who或whom来引导。who在定语从句中既可以作主语，也可以作宾语。 whom在定语从句中作宾语。作宾语时，who或whom可省略。 e.g. The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. I want to find the woman (who / whom) I talked with in the square a few minutes ago. 由who, whom或whose引导的定语从句 考点介绍 ② whose在定语从句中作定语。它引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词既可以指人，也可以指物。 e.g. The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard. I like the magazine whose cover is white and black. 关系副词的用法 考点介绍 when表示时间，在从句中作时间状语。 e.g. I still remember the year when you graduated from No. 8 Middle School. 2) where表示地点，在从句中作地点状语。 e.g. That is the school where I studied three years ago. 3) why表示原因，在从句中作原因状语，先行词常是reason。 e.g. We don’t know the reason why he was late for school. 考前练兵 1．（2025·黑龙江）The high-technology clothes ________ the players wore helped them perform better in the 9th Asian Winter Games. （ ） A．that B．who C．what A 运动员穿的高科技服装帮助他们在第九届亚冬会上表现更好。 考查定语从句的引导词。that无实义，引导定语从句，先行词指物或人；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人；what什么，引导宾语从句。根据“The high-technology clothes…the players wore”可知原句是定语从句，且先行词是物，应用that引导。故选A。 考前练兵 2．（2025·黑龙江绥化）—Did you watch the most exciting dance _____was performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake?—Yes, it was amazing.（ ） A．which B．that C．who B ——你看过蛇年春节联欢晚会上机器人表演的最激动人心的舞蹈吗？——是的，它太棒了。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是dance，且先行词有最高级修饰，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选B。 考前练兵 3．（2025·四川遂宁）—What kinds of after-school activities do you like?—I like those activities ___are about P.E. and art. （ ） A．who B．whom C．which D．/ C ——你喜欢什么样的课外活动？——我喜欢那些关于体育和艺术的活动。 考查定语从句关系词。who谁，引导定语从句时，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词指人；whom谁，引导定语从句时，在句中作宾语，先行词指人；which哪一个，引导定语从句时，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词指物；/不填。根据“activities ...are about P. E. and art”可知，先行词“activities”是物，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句，故选C。 考前练兵 4．—What kind of music do you like?—I like music ____I can dance to. When I hear the songs, I’m full of energy.（ ） A．what B．why C．that C ——你喜欢什么类型的音乐？——我喜欢能跟着跳舞的音乐。当我听到这些歌时，我就充满能量。考查定语从句的关系词。what不引导定语从句； why引导定语从句时，在句中作状语，先行词是the reason；that引导定语从句时，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词是物或人。根据“I like music...I can dance to.”可知，空格处为定语从句的引导词，从句缺宾语，先行词music为物，故应用关系代词that。故选C。 考前练兵 5．It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ________ have spent the past three years with us.（ ） A．which B．who C．what B 和那些过去三年与我们共度时光的老师们告别很难。 考查定语从句关系代词的用法。which先行词指物；who先行词指人；what不引导定语从句。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词teachers，指人，需用关系代词who引导。故选B。 考前练兵 6．Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those ________ grow up in the right family, while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work.（ ） A．who B．whose C．which D．whom A 有些人认为成功只属于那些有天赋的人或那些成长在合适的家庭的人，而另一些人则认为成功主要取决于努力工作。 考查定语从句。who先行词是人，在句中作主语/宾语；whose谁的；which先行词是物，在句中作主语/宾语；whom先行词是人，在句中作宾语。本句是定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选A。 考前练兵 7．In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people hope.（ ） A．whom B．who C．which D．whose B 在困难时期，总是会有挺身而出、给人们带来希望的国家英雄。 考查定语从句的关系词。whom先行词为人，在从句中充当宾语；who先行词为人，在从句中充当主语；which先行词为物；whose先行词为人，在从句中充当定语。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词heroes，是人；根据先行词在从句中充当主语，所以用who引导。故选B。 考前练兵 8．Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ____he met when he was young.（ ） A．who B．when C．where D．which A 虽然我的祖父已经90多岁了，但他仍然记得他年轻时遇到的那些人。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词是“the people”，从句中缺少主语，指人，应用who引导定语从句。故选A。 考前练兵 9．The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ____is quite popular these days.（ ） A．who B．which C．whose B “科目三”是最近很受欢迎的引人注目的舞蹈表演。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词dance performance指物，在从句中作主语，关系词用which，故选B。 考前练兵 10．As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky.（ ） A．where B．when C．which D．who C 作为一个科学爱好者，我希望我能发明一辆能在空中飞行的自行车。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是a bike，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选C。 考前练兵 11．—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer. —Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.（ ） A．when B．who C．that C ——我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。——我也是。这三天是有意义的，充满了乐趣。 考查定语从句。when先行词为时间，在从句中作状语；who先行词为人，在从句中作主语/宾语；that先行词为人/物。根据“experiences”可知，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导。故选C。 考前练兵 12．—I feel so nervous. What should I do? —You’d better listen to music that ________.（ ） A．helps you relax B．you can dance C．makes you sad A ——我感到很紧张，我该怎么办？——你最好听听能帮助你放松的音乐。 考查定语从句和情景交际。helps you relax帮你放松；you can dance你能跳舞；makes you sad让你伤心。分析句子可知，that后是定语从句，修饰名词music，B项语法上错误，应是you can dance to；结合“I feel so nervous, what should I do?”可知，空处给出的建议应是帮助对方消除紧张，所以A项符合语境，故选A。 考前练兵 13．A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble.（ ） A．who B．whom C．whose D．which A 真正的朋友是在你困难的时候能帮助你的人。 考查定语从句引导词。who指人，在句中作主语/宾语；whom指人，在句中作宾语；whose在句中作定语；which在句中指物。空格所在句为定语从句，修饰名词person，指人，并且在句中作主语，用引导词who。故选A。 考前练兵 14．—What kind of movies do you like best? —I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed.（ ） A．what B．which C．who D．/ B ——你最喜欢哪种电影？——我喜欢那些让我感到快乐和放松的电影。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词the movies指物，且连接词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，且不可省略。故选B。 考前练兵 15．A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears.（ ） A．what B．which C．who D．whom C 真正的朋友是一个永远会与你分享欢笑和泪水的人。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which哪一个，先行词指物；who谁，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom谁，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词a person指人，且连接词在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选C。 考前练兵 16．Yu Gong Moves a Mountain is the best story ________ I have ever read.（ ） A．who B．where C．that C 《愚公移山》是我读过的最好的故事。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是story，关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。 考前练兵 17．A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.（ ） A．who B．whom C．which D．whose A 一个真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。 考前练兵 18．Su Bingtian is a player ________ runs fastest in China at present. （ ） A．which B．who C．what D．where B 苏炳添是目前中国跑得最快的运动员。 考查定语从句。根据语境，题干设空后是一个定语从句，先行词指人，空处作主语，因此应用who作关系词。故选B。 考前练兵 19．The woman astronaut ________ gave us a lesson on space is Liu Yang.( ) A．which B．whose C．who D．whom C 给我们在太空上上了一课的女宇航员叫刘洋。 考查定语从句。先行词是The woman astronaut，是人，且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。 考前练兵 20．—Who is the hero in your mind? —Huang Danian. He is a scientist ________ has helped China make great progress in deep-sea exploration (勘探).（ ） A．where B．which C．who C ——你心目中的英雄是谁？——黄大年。他是一位帮助中国在深海勘探方面取得巨大进展的科学家。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。 考前练兵 21．A best friend is a person _________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”（ ） A．whom B．whose C．who C 最好的朋友是当你需要他或她时总是在那里的人。俗话说：“患难见真情。” 考查定语从句关系词。根据“a person ... is always there when you need him or her”可知此处是定语从句，先行词指人且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。 考前练兵 22．I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life.（ ） A．which B．whose C．whom D．who D 我将记住在我的生活中帮助和支持我的重要的人。 考查定语从句。which哪一个；whose谁的；whom谁；who谁。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词people是指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句，故选D。 考前练兵 23．The Aerospace Square ________ was completed last year has become a new tourist attraction.（ ） A．which B．who C．whom D．where A 去年竣工的航天广场已成为一个新的旅游景点。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，“...was completed last year”是作定语修饰The Aerospace Square，所以是定语从句，先行词是物，空处在句中作主语，所以用关系词which引导。故选A。 考前练兵 24．If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved.（ ） A．who B．that C．whom B 如果我们怀着远大的梦想努力学习，没有什么是不能实现的。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是nothing，引导词在从句中作主语，只能用that引导。故选B。 考前练兵 25．Miss Xiang is a great teacher _________always makes her classes lively and fascinating.（ ） A．which B．who C．what D．whom B 向老师是一位优秀的老师，她总是使她的课生动有趣。 考查who引导的限制性定语从句。which（……的）那个；who谁；what什么；whom谁，who的宾格。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为a great teacher，因此空白处应填入指人的关系代词，在定语从句中作主语指人应用who来引导定语从句。故选B。 $