摘要:
**基本信息**
以“概念-方法-应用”为逻辑链,通过分类表格、记忆口诀系统梳理人称代词和物主代词用法,分层训练提升语言运用能力与思维品质。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|知识回顾|分类表格+记忆口诀|主格宾格、形物名物用法口诀,代词形式系统归纳|从单复数人称分类(概念生成)到用法规则(原理推导),口诀强化应用记忆|
|考点夯基|10填空+15单选|代词形式转换与语境辨析,聚焦语法规则直接应用|针对单一句法成分考查,夯实“形物配名词,名物单独用”核心逻辑|
|综合提升|1语法选择+1短文填空|语篇中代词指代与形式判断,提升语境综合运用能力|从单句到语篇,实现语法知识向语言能力迁移,培养逻辑分析能力|
内容正文:
Unit 1 New School, new beginning! 核心语法精练
(人称代词和物主代词)
目录
二、考点夯基 2
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 2
二、单项选择 4
一、语法选择 7
二、短文填空 9
人称代词和物主代词
一、分类
人称
单 / 复数
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一人称
单数
I 我
me 我
my 我的
mine 我的
复数
we 我们
us 我们
our 我们的
ours 我们的
第二人称
单数
you 你
you 你
your 你的
yours 你的
复数
you 你们
you 你们
your 你们的
yours 你们的
第三人称
单数
he 他
him 他
his 他的
his 他的
单数
she 她
her 她
her 她的
hers 她的
单数
it 它
it 它
its 它的
its 它的
复数
they 他们、她们、它们
them 他们、她们、它们
their 他们的、她们的、它们的
theirs 他们的、她们的、它们的
二、用法
三、记忆口诀
主格句首做主语,动介后面用宾格; 形物代词配名词,名物代词单独行。
I-me-my-mine,we-us-our-ours, you 不变,he-him-his,she-her-hers,
it-its, they-them-their-theirs。
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.That boy over there is Jake. ________ (he) hobby is playing basketball.
【答案】His
【详解】句意:那边那个男孩是杰克。他的爱好是打篮球。空格后为名词hobby,需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词,he对应的形容词性物主代词是His。
2.________ (we) class teacher is Ms. Wang. ________ (we) all like her.
【答案】 Our We
【详解】句意:我们的班主任是王老师。我们都喜欢她。第一空后面接名词class teacher,需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词,we对应的形容词性物主代词是our;第二空在句中作主语,指代说话人一群人,用人称代词主格we,注意首字母大写,故填Our;We。
3.Is this your pet cat? What’s ________ (it) name?
【答案】its
【详解】句意:这是你的宠物猫吗?它叫什么名字?空后有名词“name”,需填形容词性物主代词,表示“它的名字”。it的形容词性物主代词是its“它的”。
4.Paul and Mark are roommates. ________ (they) schoolbags are black. ________ (they) love Chinese food.
【答案】 Their They
【详解】句意:保罗和马克是室友。他们的书包是黑色的。他们喜欢中国食物。第一空后面接名词schoolbags,需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,they对应的形容词性物主代词是their;第二空在句中作主语,指代Paul and Mark,用人称代词主格they,注意首字母大写,故填Their;They。
5.This is my new friend Emma. ________ (she) full name is Emma Green. ________ (she) is from Hangzhou.
【答案】 Her She
【详解】句意:这是我的新朋友艾玛。她的全名是艾玛・格林。她来自杭州。一空后接名词 full name,需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词,she对应的形容词性物主代词是Her;二空在句中作主语,指代Emma,用人称代词主格She,故填Her;She。
6.________ (I) am 13 years old. ________ (I) class is Class Three.
【答案】 I My
【详解】句意:我十三岁,我的班级是三班。第一空作句子主语,用人称代词主格I;第二空修饰名词class,需用I的形容词性物主代词My。
7.Emma is my baby sister. ________ is sweet but noisy. I love ________ very much.
【答案】 She her
【详解】句意:Emma是我的小妹妹。她很可爱但很吵。我非常爱她。第一空指代前文提到的单数女性Emma,在该句中作主语,因此使用人称代词的主格形式She,位于句首,所以首字母需大写。第二空指代Emma,在该句中作动词love的宾语,因此使用人称代词的宾格形式her。
8.My grandpa is Ben. ________ likes playing chess.
【答案】He
【详解】句意:我的爷爷叫本,他喜欢下棋。前半句主语为“My grandpa”,后半句缺少主语,需用人称代词主格he指代前文的my grandpa,句首首字母大写,故填He。
9.I play lots of games with my brother. I play with ________.
【答案】him
【详解】句意:我和我的弟弟玩很多游戏。我和他一起玩。句中“my brother”是男性单数,介词with后需要用人称代词宾格作宾语,brother对应的宾格形式为him,故填him。
10.用正确代词填空
________ (he) name is Lin Hua. ________ (he) is a student.
【答案】 His He
【详解】句意:他的名字是林华,他是一名学生。第一空后面有名词name,需要用形容词性物主代词His修饰名词,句首首字母大写;第二空在句首作主语,要用人称代词主格He。
二、单项选择。
1.I bought ________ mother an umbrella. ________ liked it very much.
A.my; She B.you; Your C.my; Her D.you; She
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我给我妈妈买了一把伞。她非常喜欢它。
my我的;She她;you你,你们;Your你的,你们的;Her她,她的。根据“I bought...mother an umbrella...liked it very much.”可知,第一空,此处修饰名词mother,需用形容词性物主代词my;第二空,此处在句中作主语,指代mother,需用人称代词主格She。应填my;She。
2.Let ________ help you.
A.I B.me C.my D.we
【答案】B
【详解】句意:让我来帮你。
I我(主格);me我(宾格);my我的(形容词性物主代词);we我们(主格)。let是动词,后面要接人称代词宾格,应填me。
3.— Do you know Miss Gao?
— Of course! She is ________ teacher. She teaches ________ Chinese.
A.my; my B.me; my C.me; me D.my; me
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你认识高老师吗?——当然!她是我的老师。她教我中文。
my我的,形容词性物主代词;me我,人称代词宾格。第一空修饰名词“teacher”,应用形容词性物主代词my,排除B、C;第二空作动词“teaches”的宾语,应用人称代词宾格me,排除A。应填my;me。
4.This is ________ sister. ________ is twelve years old.
A.my; She B.I; Her C.me; She
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这是我的姐姐。她12岁了。
my我的;I我,主格;me我,宾格;She她,主格;Her她的/她。第一空,修饰sister,应用形容词性物主代词my;第二空,作主语,应用主格She。
5.Millie is my classmate. I often play with ________.
A.her B.him C.you D.me
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Millie是我的同学。我经常和她一起玩。
her她;him他;you你/你们;me我。Millie是女孩名,指代Millie需要表示“她”的宾格her。
6.—Are ________ and Lucy in the same class? —Yes, ________ are good friends.
A.you; us B.your; us C.you; we D.your; we
【答案】C
【详解】句意:—— 你和露西在同一个班级吗?—— 是的,我们是好朋友。
you意为“你”,主格,可作句子主语;your意为“你的”,形容词性物主代词,后面必须接名词,第一空后无名词,要用you。we意为“我们”,主格,作主语;us意为“我们”,宾格,只能作宾语,第二空在be动词前作主语,要用we。
7.—Who is that girl?
—________ is my sister. I often play with ________.
A.She; her B.Her; she C.She; she D.Her; her
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——那个女孩是谁?——她是我的妹妹。我经常和她一起玩。
She她,为人称代词主格,在句中作主语;her她,为人称代词宾格,也可作形容词性物主代词,意为“她的”。第一空在句中充当主语,指代前文的that girl,需用人称代词主格She,由此排除B、D两项;第二空位于介词with之后,作介词的宾语,需用人称代词宾格her,由此排除C项。综上,She; her符合语法规则和语境。
8.My parents are teachers. ________ work in a middle school. I love ________.
A.Them; they B.They; them C.Their; they D.They; their
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我的父母是老师。他们在一所中学工作。我爱他们。
they:主格,作主语,译为 “他们”;them:宾格,译为 “他们”,不能放在动词前当主语。their:形容词性物主代词,后面必须加名词,表示 “他们的……”。第一空在句中作主语,指代前面提到的“My parents” 我的父母,复数人称代词主格用They;第二空在动词love后作宾语,用they的宾格形式them。
9.— Tom uses his phone a lot.
— Yeah, the phone helps ________ stay in touch with ________ friends.
A.his; his B.him; him C.him; his D.his; him
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——汤姆经常用手机。——是的,手机帮助他与他的朋友保持联系。
his他的;him他。第一空在动词helps后作宾语,指代Tom,应用人称代词宾格him;第二空修饰名词friends,表示“他的”,应用形容词性物主代词his。
10.________ was deeply touched by ________ courage and hard work.
A.I; them B.I; their C.Me; them D.Me; their
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我被他们的勇气和努力工作深深感动了。
第一空在句中作主语,应用主格I;第二空修饰名词courage and hard work,应用形容词性物主代词their。
11.—Mary, is this your sister’s smartwatch?
—No, ________ is pink.
A.hers B.his C.mine D.yours
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——玛丽,这是你姐姐的智能手表吗?——不,她的是粉色的。
hers她的;his他的;mine我的;yours你的。根据问句中“your sister’s”可知询问的是姐姐的物品,姐姐为女性,答语中表示“她的(手表)”,应用名词性物主代词hers作主语。
12.This is my sister’s tent and the camera is ________ too.
A.hers B.his C.ours D.yours
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这是我妹妹的帐篷,这台相机也是她的。
hers她的;his他的;ours我们的;yours你的/你们的。结合“This is my sister’s tent and the camera is...too.”可知,此处指代“my sister’s camera”,应用名词性物主代词hers,相当于her camera。
13.When our coffee maker broke, our kind neighbors lent us ________.
A.hers B.theirs C.his D.ours
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当我们的咖啡机坏了时,好心的邻居把他们的借给了我们。
hers她的;theirs他们的;his他的;ours我们的。根据“our coffee maker broke”可知我们的坏了,邻居借给我们应是“他们的”,且neighbors为复数,应用theirs指代their coffee maker。
14.My brother likes making clay figures. ________ works are very cute.
A.My B.Your C.His D.Her
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我哥哥喜欢做泥人。他的作品非常可爱。
My我的;Your你的;His他的;Her她的。根据前句“My brother”可知主语为男性,此处指代“他的”作品,应用His。
15.—Alice, are these red gloves Betty’s?
—Yes, they are ________. You can put them over there.
A.hers B.yours C.mine D.ours
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——爱丽丝,这些红手套是贝蒂的吗?——是的,它们是她的。你可以把它们放在那边。
hers她的;yours你的;mine我的;ours我们的。根据问句“are these red gloves Betty’s”及肯定回答Yes可知,手套属于贝蒂,贝蒂是女性名字,应用名词性物主代词hers指代her gloves。
一、语法选择
My name is Tom. 1____ am twelve. I have 2____ English friend. His name is Jack. He is 3____ hard-working boy. We are in the same class. Look! This is a photo 4____ Jack’s family. 5____ has a warm family. We can see three people in the picture. Jack’s dad is a doctor 6____ his mum is an English teacher. They like 7____ books after dinner. Jack has a little brother. His 8____ bedroom is small but nice. “9____ is that tall boy?” I ask Jack. “It’s my cousin Mike. He 10____ basketball with us every weekend.” Jack says.
1.A. My B. I C. Me D. Mine
2.A. a B. the C. an D. /
3.A. well B. good C. happily D. quickly
4.A. in B. of C. on D. at
5.A. It B. They C. These D. Those
6.A. but B. or C. and D. so
7.A. reading B. read C. reads D. to reading
8.A. brothers B. brothers’ C. brother’s D. brother
9.A. What B. How C. Where D. Who
10.A. play B. playing C. plays D. to play
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.C
【导语】短文以 Tom 的视角介绍好友 Jack 以及 Jack 的家人,话题贴合单元自我介绍、介绍家人的核心内容,综合考查代词、冠词、形容词、介词、连词、名词所有格、动词固定搭配、一般现在时等基础语法。
【解析】
1.空格在句中作主语,需用人称代词主格 I,my 是形容词性物主代词,me 是宾格,mine 是名词性物主代词,故选 B。
2.English 发音以元音音素开头,表达 “一个” 用不定冠词 an,故选 C。
3.空格修饰名词 boy,要用形容词 good;well、happily、quickly 都是副词,不能修饰名词,故选 B。
4.a photo of 是固定搭配,意为 “…… 的照片”,故选 B。
5.此处指代前文单数名词 family,要用单数代词 it,故选 A。
6.前后两句分别介绍父母的职业,是并列顺承关系,and 用于连接并列内容,故选 C。
7.like doing sth. 为固定搭配,表示长期喜欢做某事,动词用动名词 reading,故选 A。
8.此处指弟弟的房间,单数名词 brother 的所有格形式为 brother’s,故选 C。
9.答句回答人物 Mike,对人进行提问要用疑问词 who,故选 D。
10.主语 he 是第三人称单数,every weekend 表明时态为一般现在时,谓语动词使用三单形式 plays,故选 C。
二、语法填空
Dear Paul,
How are you? I want to tell you something about my new class. I have 1.________ new deskmate. 2.________ (he) name is Wang Tao. He is a 3.________ (China). His full name is Wang Tao. Wang 4.________ (be) his last name. Look! These 5.________ (be) his school things. That black pencil box is 6.________ (he). He 7.________ (have) three pens and an eraser in it. We often help 8.________ (we) classmates. 9.________ (this) two girls are our good friends. 10.________ (they) are twins.
— 11.________ (be) you free this after noon?
— Yes, I 12.________ (be). We can play games together. I don’t have a ruler, 13.________ Wang Tao has one. He can spell all the words very 14.________ (good). All of 15.________ (we) love our class.
Yours,
Tom
【答案】
1 a 2 His 3 Chinese 4 is 5 are 6 his 7 has 8 our 9 These 10 They
11 Are 12 am 13 but 14 well 15 us
【导语】
本文是一封书信,Tom 向 Paul 介绍自己的新同桌、班级好友与校园日常。
【详解】
1 句意:我有一位新同桌。new 为辅音音素开头,表泛指用不定冠词 a。
2 句意:他的名字是王涛。空后有名词 name,需用形容词性物主代词 His 修饰名词,句首首字母大写。
3 句意:他是中国人。China 意为国家 “中国”,Chinese 表示 “中国人”。
4 句意:王是他的姓氏。主语 Wang 为单数,一般现在时 be 动词用 is。
5 句意:这些是他的学习用品。指示代词 These 为复数,对应 be 动词用 are。
6 句意:那个黑色铅笔盒是他的。空格后无名词,使用名词性物主代词 his 代指 his pencil box。
7 句意:铅笔盒里有三支钢笔和一块橡皮。主语 He 是第三人称单数,一般现在时 have 变形为 has。
8 句意:我们经常帮助我们的同班同学。空后有名词 classmates,用形容词性物主代词 our 修饰。
9 句意:这两个女孩是我们的好朋友。后文 two girls 为复数,指示代词 this 改为复数 These,句首大写。
10 句意:她们是双胞胎。句子缺少主语,用人称代词主格 They 指代双胞胎女孩,句首大写。
11 句意:你今天下午有空吗?主语为 you,一般疑问句 be 动词用 Are,句首大写。
12 句意:是的,我有空。主语 I 对应的 be 动词固定搭配为 am。
13 句意:我没有尺子,但是王涛有一把。前后两句存在转折关系,用并列连词 but。
14 句意:他单词拼写十分好。修饰动词 spell 要用副词,good 的副词形式为 well。
15 句意:我们所有人都热爱我们的班级。介词 of 后接人称代词宾格,we 的宾格形式是 us。
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Unit 1 New School, new beginning! 核心语法精练
(人称代词和物主代词)
目录
二、考点夯基 2
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 2
二、单项选择 4
一、语法选择 7
二、短文填空 9
人称代词和物主代词
一、分类
人称
单 / 复数
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一人称
单数
________我
________ 我
________ 我的
________ 我的
复数
______ 我们
______ 我们
________我们的
________ 我们的
第二人称
单数
________ 你
________ 你
________ 你的
________ 你的
复数
______ 你们
______ 你们
________ 你们的
________你们的
第三人称
单数
________ 他
________ 他
________他的
________他的
单数
________ 她
________ 她
________ 她的
________ 她的
单数
________ 它
________ 它
________ 它的
________ 它的
复数
________他们、她们、它们
________ 他们、她们、它们
________他们的、她们的、它们的
________ 他们的、她们的、它们的
二、用法
三、记忆口诀
主格句首作主语,动介后面用宾格; 形物代词配名词,名物代词单独行。
I-me-my-mine,we-us-our-ours, you 不变,he-him-his,she-her-hers,
it-its, they-them-their-theirs。
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.That boy over there is Jake. ________ (he) hobby is playing basketball.
2.________ (we) class teacher is Ms. Wang. ________ (we) all like her.
3.Is this your pet cat? What’s ________ (it) name?
4.Paul and Mark are roommates. ________ (they) schoolbags are black. ________ (they) love Chinese food.
5.This is my new friend Emma. ________ (she) full name is Emma Green. ________ (she) is from Hangzhou.
6.________ (I) am 13 years old. ________ (I) class is Class Three.
7.Emma is my baby sister. ________ is sweet but noisy. I love ________ very much.
8.My grandpa is Ben. ________ likes playing chess.
9.I play lots of games with my brother. I play with ________.
10.用正确代词填空
________ (he) name is Lin Hua. ________ (he) is a student.
二、单项选择。
1.I bought ________ mother an umbrella. ________ liked it very much.
A.my; She B.you; Your C.my; Her D.you; She
2.Let ________ help you.
A.I B.me C.my D.we
3.— Do you know Miss Gao?
— Of course! She is ________ teacher. She teaches ________ Chinese.
A.my; my B.me; my C.me; me D.my; me
4.This is ________ sister. ________ is twelve years old.
A.my; She B.I; Her C.me; She D.I; Hers
5.Millie is my classmate. I often play with ________.
A.her B.him C.you D.me
6.—Are ________ and Lucy in the same class? —Yes, ________ are good friends.
A.you; us B.your; us C.you; we D.your; we
7.—Who is that girl?
—________ is my sister. I often play with ________.
A.She; her B.Her; she C.She; she D.Her; her
8.My parents are teachers. ________ work in a middle school. I love ________.
A.Them; they B.They; them C.Their; they D.They; their
9.— Tom uses his phone a lot.
— Yeah, the phone helps ________ stay in touch with ________ friends.
A.his; his B.him; him C.him; his D.his; him
10.________ was deeply touched by ________ courage and hard work.
A.I; them B.I; their C.Me; them D.Me; their
11.—Mary, is this your sister’s smartwatch?
—No, ________ is pink.
A.hers B.his C.mine D.yours
12.This is my sister’s tent and the camera is ________ too.
A.hers B.his C.ours D.yours
13.When our coffee maker broke, our kind neighbors lent us ________.
A.hers B.theirs C.his D.ours
14.My brother likes making clay figures. ________ works are very cute.
A.My B.Your C.His D.Her
15.—Alice, are these red gloves Betty’s?
—Yes, they are ________. You can put them over there.
A.hers B.yours C.mine D.ours
一、语法选择
My name is Tom. 1____ am twelve. I have 2____ English friend. His name is Jack. He is 3____ hard-working boy. We are in the same class. Look! This is a photo 4____ Jack’s family. 5____ has a warm family. We can see three people in the picture. Jack’s dad is a doctor 6____ his mum is an English teacher. They like 7____ books after dinner. Jack has a little brother. His 8____ bedroom is small but nice. “9____ is that tall boy?” I ask Jack. “It’s my cousin Mike. He 10____ basketball with us every weekend.” Jack says.
1.A. My B. I C. Me D. Mine
2.A. a B. the C. an D. /
3.A. well B. good C. happily D. quickly
4.A. in B. of C. on D. at
5.A. It B. They C. These D. Those
6.A. but B. or C. and D. so
7.A. reading B. read C. reads D. to reading
8.A. brothers B. brothers’ C. brother’s D. brother
9.A. What B. How C. Where D. Who
10.A. play B. playing C. plays D. to play
二、语法填空
Dear Paul,
How are you? I want to tell you something about my new class. I have 1.________ new deskmate. 2.________ (he) name is Wang Tao. He is a 3.________ (China). His full name is Wang Tao. Wang 4.________ (be) his last name. Look! These 5.________ (be) his school things. That black pencil box is 6.________ (he). He 7.________ (have) three pens and an eraser in it. We often help 8.________ (we) classmates. 9.________ (this) two girls are our good friends. 10.________ (they) are twins.
— 11.________ (be) you free this afternoon?
— Yes, I 12.________ (be). We can play games together. I don’t have a ruler, 13.________ Wang Tao has one. He can spell all the words very 14.________ (good). All of 15.________ (we) love our class.
Yours,
Tom
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