Unit 6 Live green-Understanding ideas-Reading课文要点讲义2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

本初中英语讲义围绕“塑料的发明、应用与环境影响”核心主题，系统梳理从塑料的优点（轻便、易塑形等）到环境问题（海洋污染、生物危害等）再到呼吁明智使用的知识脉络，通过词汇拓展（如invent→invention）、短语解析（如by mistake）及例句填空搭建学习支架。 该资料以“语言能力+思维品质”为设计核心，通过高频短语互译、分层练习（单选、填空等）提升语言理解与表达，结合塑料利弊对比培养分析判断能力。课中辅助教师梳理知识点，课后练习及答案助力学生自测，有效查漏补缺，落实核心素养培养。

Unit 6 Live green Understanding ideas-Reading 【课文要点】 1. When plastic was invented around the 1860s, it was considered an amazing material. 当塑料在19世纪60年代左右被发明时，它被认为是一种神奇的材料。 - invent v. 发明（→ invention n. 发明；inventor n. 发明家） - be considered 被认为 - material n. 材料 - e.g. The telephone ____________ by Alexander Graham Bell. 2. It was light, easy to shape, long-lasting and cheap. 它轻便、易于塑形、耐用且便宜。 - light adj. 轻的（反义词 heavy） - shape v. 塑形；n. 形状 - long-lasting adj. 耐用的，持久的 - e.g. This bag is very ____________. 3. It quickly replaced wood and other natural materials. 它迅速取代了木材和其他天然材料。 - replace v. 取代，替代 - natural adj. 自然的（→ nature n. 自然） - e.g. Smartphones have ____________ traditional phones. 4. Many people believed plastic would make life better. 许多人相信塑料会让生活变得更好。 - believe v. 相信 - e.g. I ____________ that we can make a difference. 5. We can find it in bags, bottles, toothbrushes, gloves, mobile phones, cars, houses… you name it. 我们可以在袋子、瓶子、牙刷、手套、手机、汽车、房子……你能想到的一切中找到它。 - you name it 你能想到的一切（习语） - e.g. The store sells food, clothes, toys — ____________ name it. 6. Plastic waste was first seen in the oceans in the 1960s. 塑料垃圾在20世纪60年代首次在海洋中被发现。 - waste n. 垃圾，废物 - ocean n. 海洋 - e.g. We should reduce ____________. 7. Since then, it has become a danger to sea animals. 从那时起，它已经成为海洋动物的危险。 - since then 从那时起 - danger n. 危险（→ dangerous adj. 危险的） - e.g. I ____________ lived here since 2015. 8. Some animals, such as whales, eat it by mistake and die. 一些动物，如鲸鱼，误食了它并死亡。 - by mistake 错误地 - e.g. I took your bag ____________ mistake. 9. The former “hero” kills more than 100,000 sea animals every year. 这个曾经的“英雄”每年杀死超过10万只海洋动物。 - former adj. 以前的，曾经的 - kill v. 杀死 - e.g. He is my ____________ teacher. 10. By 2050, there could be even more plastic than fish in the sea by weight. 到2050年，按重量计算，海洋中的塑料可能比鱼还多。 - by weight 按重量计算 - e.g. The box is heavy ____________ weight. 11. Plastic is also causing problems on land. 塑料也在陆地上造成问题。 - cause problems 造成问题 - land n. 土地，陆地 - e.g. The heavy rain ____________ problems. 12. Birds' wings get tied in plastic lines. 鸟的翅膀被塑料线缠住。 - get tied 被缠住 - wing n. 翅膀 - e.g. The bird's ____________ were hurt. 13. Bears' heads get stuck in plastic bins. 熊的头被卡在塑料桶里。 - get stuck 被卡住 - bin n. 垃圾桶 - e.g. The key ____________ stuck in the lock. 14. Cows mistake plastic bags for food! 奶牛把塑料袋误认为食物！ - mistake...for 把……误认为…… - e.g. I ____________ her for her sister. 15. Even humans are eating plastic waste! 甚至人类也在吃塑料垃圾！ - human n. 人类 - e.g. ____________ are harming the environment. 16. On average, we eat five grams of plastic a week. 平均而言，我们每周吃掉5克塑料。 - on average 平均 - gram n. 克 - e.g. ____________ average, I spend two hours on homework. 17. Tiny pieces of plastic are found in the air we breathe. 我们呼吸的空气中发现了微小的塑料碎片。 - tiny adj. 微小的 - piece n. 碎片，片 - breathe v. 呼吸（→ breath n. 呼吸） - e.g. The baby is ____________ tiny. 18. There is even plastic “snow” at the North and South Poles. 甚至在南北极都有塑料“雪”。 - the North Pole 北极 - the South Pole 南极 - e.g. The ____________ is very cold. 19. On “Planet Plastic”, there is no place free from this. 在“塑料星球”上，没有地方能幸免于此。 - free from 免受……的，没有…… - e.g. We want a world ____________ from pollution. 20. Plastic waste is hard to deal with. 塑料垃圾很难处理。 - deal with 处理，应对 - e.g. How do you ____________ with stress? 21. It may take hundreds of years to break down. 它可能需要数百年才能分解。 - break down 分解 - e.g. Plastic takes a long time to ____________ down. 22. Burning it also produces thick smoke that causes air pollution. 焚烧它也会产生导致空气污染的浓烟。 - burn v. 燃烧（过去式 burnt/burned） - produce v. 产生（→ product n. 产品） - thick adj. 浓的 - e.g. The factory ____________ a lot of waste. 23. Plastic makes life easier for many people, yet it brings long-lasting troubles to our planet. 塑料让许多人的生活更便利，但它给我们的星球带来了持久的麻烦。 - yet conj. 然而（= but） - long-lasting adj. 持久的 - e.g. He is rich, ____________ he is not happy. 24. Our choices today change the world tomorrow. 我们今天的选择改变明天的世界。 - choice n. 选择（由choose变来） - e.g. We have to make a ____________. 25. With no Planet B to turn to, we must think clearly and use plastic wisely. 没有第二个星球可供求助，我们必须清醒地思考，明智地使用塑料。 - turn to 向……求助 - wisely adv. 明智地 - e.g. You can ____________ to me for help. 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. by mistake ____________ 2. ____________ 错误地 3. since then ____________ 4. ____________ 从那时起 5. on average ____________ 6. ____________ 平均 7. break down ____________ 8. ____________ 分解 9. deal with ____________ 10. ____________ 处理，应对 11. turn to ____________ 12. ____________ 向……求助 13. free from ____________ 14. ____________ 免受……的 15. cause problems ____________ 16. ____________ 造成问题 17. get stuck ____________ 18. ____________ 被卡住 19. mistake...for ____________ 20. ____________ 把……误认为…… 21. by weight ____________ 22. ____________ 按重量计算 综合练习 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. The telephone ____________ by Alexander Graham Bell. A. invent B. invents C. was invented D. is invented ( ) 2. This bag is very ____________. A. heavy B. light C. thick D. thin ( ) 3. Smartphones have ____________ traditional phones. A. replace B. replaces C. replaced D. replacing ( ) 4. I ____________ that we can make a difference. A. belief B. believes C. believed D. believe ( ) 5. I took your bag ____________ mistake. A. on B. at C. by D. in ( ) 6. He is my ____________ teacher. A. former B. formal C. form D. formula ( ) 7. The heavy rain ____________ problems. A. cause B. causes C. caused D. causing ( ) 8. I ____________ her for her sister. A. mistake B. mistakes C. mistook D. mistaking ( ) 9. ____________ average, I spend two hours on homework. A. In B. At C. On D. For ( ) 10. How do you ____________ with stress? A. deal B. deals C. dealt D. dealing 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 电话是亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明的。 The telephone ____________ by Alexander Graham Bell. 2. 这个包很轻。 This bag is very ____________. 3. 智能手机已经取代了传统手机。 Smartphones have ____________ traditional phones. 4. 我相信我们能有所作为。 I ____________ that we can make a difference. 5. 我错拿了你的包。 I took your bag ____________ mistake. 6. 他是我以前的老师。 He is my ____________ teacher. 7. 大雨造成了问题。 The heavy rain ____________ problems. 8. 我把她错认成她妹妹了。 I ____________ her for her sister. 9. 我平均每天花两小时做作业。 ____________ average, I spend two hours on homework. 10. 你如何应对压力？ How do you ____________ with stress? 11. 塑料垃圾很难处理。 Plastic waste is hard to ____________ with. 12. 塑料需要很长时间才能分解。 Plastic takes a long time to break ____________. 13. 你可以向我求助。 You can ____________ to me for help. 14. 我们想要一个没有污染的世界。 We want a world ____________ from pollution. 15. 我们应该明智地使用塑料。 We should use plastic ____________. 三、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的单词填空，注意形式变化） A | invent | light | replace | believe | by | former | cause | mistake | on | deal | 1. The telephone was ____________ by Alexander Graham Bell. 2. This bag is very ____________. 3. Smartphones have ____________ traditional phones. 4. I ____________ that we can make a difference. 5. I took your bag ____________ mistake. 6. He is my ____________ teacher. 7. The heavy rain ____________ problems. 8. I ____________ her for her sister. 9. ____________ average, I spend two hours on homework. 10. How do you ____________ with stress? B | invent | light | replace | believe | by | former | cause | mistake | on | deal | Plastic was 1.____________ in the 1860s. It is 2.____________, easy to shape and cheap. It quickly 3.____________ natural materials. Many people 4.____________ plastic would make life better. However, plastic has caused many problems. Animals eat it 5.____________ mistake and die. It 6.____________ problems on land too. It is hard to 7.____________ with. It takes hundreds of years to break down. 8.____________ average, we eat five grams of plastic a week. We should think of our 9.____________ choices and use plastic wisely. 10.____________ no Planet B to turn to, we must act now. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The telephone ____________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. 2. This bag is very ____________ (light). 3. Smartphones have ____________ (replace) traditional phones. 4. I ____________ (believe) that we can make a difference. 5. I took your bag by ____________ (mistake). 6. He is my ____________ (former) teacher. 7. The heavy rain ____________ (cause) problems. 8. I ____________ (mistake) her for her sister. 9. On average, I ____________ (spend) two hours on homework. 10. How do you ____________ (deal) with stress? 11. Plastic waste is hard to deal ____________ (with). 12. Plastic takes a long time to break ____________ (down). 13. You can turn to me for ____________ (help). 14. We want a world free from ____________ (pollute). 15. We should use plastic ____________ (wise). 答案 一、单项选择 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. C 10. A 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. was invented 2. light 3. replaced 4. believe 5. by 6. former 7. caused 8. mistook 9. On 10. deal 11. deal 12. down 13. turn 14. free 15. wisely 三、选词填空 A 1. invented 2. light 3. replaced 4. believe 5. by 6. former 7. caused 8. mistook 9. On 10. deal B 1. invented 2. light 3. replaced 4. believed 5. by 6. causes 7. deal 8. On 9. former 10. With 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. was invented 2. light 3. replaced 4. believe 5. mistake 6. former 7. caused 8. mistook 9. spend 10. deal 11. with 12. down 13. help 14. pollution 15. wisely 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $