Unit 5 A fine balance-Understanding ideas-Reading课文要点讲义2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

本初中英语讲义围绕“人类与自然的平衡”主题，系统梳理Reading部分核心知识点，涵盖现在完成时、虚拟语气及定语从句等语法点，详解disappear、increase、benefit等词汇及be full of、increase in number、get along with等高频短语，通过例句解析与填空练习搭建学习支架，帮助学生逐步掌握语言知识。 资料以“人类消失后自然变化”为情境，融合文化意识（渗透环保与人类命运共同体理念）、思维品质（引导分析自然现象逻辑关系）和学习能力（设计单项选择、选词填空等多样练习），如虚拟语气讲解结合自然情景分析，主题式综合练习强化语言应用，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后助力学生自主复习查漏补缺。

Unit 5 A fine balance Understanding ideas-Reading 【课文要点】 1. Have you ever thought about this question: what would happen to the natural world if people were gone? 你是否想过这个问题：如果人类消失了，自然界会发生什么？ - have you ever thought 现在完成时，表示“你是否曾经想过” - what would happen 虚拟语气，表示假设 - be gone 消失，不在了 - e.g. Have you ever ____________ about your future? 2. Cars disappear from the roads, boats from the rivers, and planes from the sky. 汽车从道路上消失，船只从河流中消失，飞机从天空中消失。 - disappear v. 消失（反义词 appear） - disappear from 从……消失 - e.g. The sun ____________ behind the clouds. 3. Streets, beaches and parks that are usually full of people remain empty. 通常挤满了人的街道、海滩和公园空无一人。 - that are usually full of people 定语从句，修饰 streets, beaches and parks - be full of 充满 - remain v. 保持，仍然是（系动词，后接形容词） - e.g. The room is ____________ people. 4. It is no surprise that animals soon increase in number. 毫不奇怪，动物的数量很快会增加。 - It is no surprise that... 毫不奇怪…… - increase in number 数量增加（反义 decrease in number） - e.g. The population of the city is ____________. 5. In cities, traffic noise often means that animals cannot easily hear each other. 在城市里，交通噪音通常意味着动物不能轻易地听到彼此。 - traffic noise 交通噪音 - hear each other 听到彼此 - e.g. The ____________ in the city is very loud. 6. Without humans, the noise drops greatly as traffic stops. 没有人类，随着交通停止，噪音大大降低。 - without prep. 没有（反义词 with） - drop v. 下降（→ drop greatly 大大下降） - as conj. 随着（引导时间状语从句） - e.g. The temperature ____________ at night. 7. This allows natural sounds to fill the air. 这让自然的声音充满空气。 - allow sb/sth to do 允许某人/某物做某事 - fill v. 充满 - e.g. Please ____________ me to introduce myself. 8. It is much easier for animals to find each other and form families. 动物们更容易找到彼此并组建家庭。 - It is + adj. + for sb to do 对某人来说做某事是……的 - form families 组建家庭 - e.g. It is easy for birds ____________ find food in spring. 9. Sea animals are not troubled by people around them. 海洋动物不会受到周围人类的打扰。 - trouble v. 打扰，使烦恼 - be troubled by 被……打扰 - e.g. The fish are not ____________ by visitors. 10. But not only animals enjoy the change. Plants benefit, too. 但不仅仅是动物享受这一变化。植物也受益。 - not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… - benefit v. 受益（→ benefit from 从……中受益） - e.g. We can ____________ from reading books. 11. Trees grow freely without the danger of being cut down. 树木自由生长，没有被砍伐的危险。 - grow freely 自由生长 - cut down 砍伐 - the danger of being cut down 被砍伐的危险（动名词的被动式） - e.g. Many trees are ____________ every year. 12. Forests take back the space that humans now live in. 森林夺回了人类现在居住的空间。 - take back 夺回 - that humans now live in 定语从句，修饰 the space - e.g. We need to ____________ our time. 13. The natural wonders which have been hidden by pollution for years appear again. 被污染隐藏多年的自然奇观再次出现。 - which have been hidden 定语从句，修饰 the natural wonders - hide v. 隐藏（过去分词 hidden） - by pollution 被污染 - e.g. The treasure was ____________ under the ground. 14. Cleaner air and water allow them to show all their beauty once again. 更清洁的空气和水让它们再次展现出所有的美丽。 - allow sb to do 允许某人做某事 - show one's beauty 展现美丽 - once again 再一次 - e.g. Please ____________ me your new dress. 15. But there aren't any people to admire such an amazing world. 但没有人类来欣赏这样一个令人惊叹的世界。 - admire v. 欣赏，钦佩（→ admiration n. 钦佩） - such an amazing world 如此令人惊叹的世界 - e.g. I ____________ her for her courage. 16. What a sad thing to think about! 想想这是多么可悲啊！ - What a + 可数名词单数 + to do! 感叹句 - e.g. ____________ a beautiful flower! 17. Throughout history, humans have left so many marks on the earth. 纵观历史，人类在地球上留下了太多的痕迹。 - throughout prep. 遍及，贯穿 - leave marks 留下痕迹 - e.g. We have ____________ many marks on the environment. 18. The rapid development of human society has made us care less for nature. 人类社会的快速发展让我们更加不关心自然。 - rapid development 快速发展 - make sb do 使某人做某事 - care less for 更不关心 - e.g. Technology has ____________ our lives easier. 19. But the world isn't a game. We can't cancel it and start over. 但世界不是游戏。我们不能取消它并重新开始。 - cancel v. 取消（→ cancellation n. 取消） - start over 重新开始 - e.g. The meeting was ____________. 20. We need to think more about how to get along with nature. 我们需要更多地思考如何与自然和谐相处。 - get along with 与……相处，与……和谐相处 - e.g. We should ____________ along with our classmates. 21. Perhaps we should remember the wise words which Montaigne once wrote – let us permit nature to have her way. 也许我们应该记住蒙田曾经写过的智慧话语——让我们允许自然顺其自然。 - wise words 智慧话语 - which Montaigne once wrote 定语从句，修饰 the wise words - permit v. 允许（= allow） - permit sb to do 允许某人做某事 - have one's way 顺其自然，为所欲为 - e.g. Please ____________ me to explain. 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. be full of ____________ 2. ____________ 数量增加 3. traffic noise ____________ 4. ____________ 大大下降 5. allow sb to do ____________ 6. ____________ 允许某人做某事 7. be troubled by ____________ 8. ____________ 被……打扰 9. benefit from ____________ 10. ____________ 从……中受益 11. cut down ____________ 12. ____________ 砍伐 13. take back ____________ 14. ____________ 夺回 15. once again ____________ 16. ____________ 再一次 17. leave marks ____________ 18. ____________ 留下痕迹 19. care less for ____________ 20. ____________ 更不关心 21. get along with ____________ 22. ____________ 与……相处 23. wise words ____________ 24. ____________ 智慧话语 25. permit sb to do ____________ 26. ____________ 允许某人做某事 27. have one's way ____________ 28. ____________ 顺其自然 综合练习 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. Have you ever ____________ about your future? A. think B. thinks C. thought D. thinking ( ) 2. The sun ____________ behind the clouds. A. appear B. appears C. disappeared D. disappearing ( ) 3. The room is ____________ people. A. full of B. filled of C. full with D. fill with ( ) 4. The population of the city is ____________. A. increase B. increases C. increasing D. increased ( ) 5. The temperature ____________ at night. A. drop B. drops C. dropped D. dropping ( ) 6. Please ____________ me to introduce myself. A. allow B. allows C. allowed D. allowing ( ) 7. Many trees are ____________ every year. A. cut down B. cut off C. cut up D. cut in ( ) 8. The treasure was ____________ under the ground. A. hide B. hides C. hid D. hidden ( ) 9. I ____________ her for her courage. A. admire B. admires C. admired D. admiring ( ) 10. The meeting was ____________. A. cancel B. cancels C. cancelled D. cancelling 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 你曾经想过你的未来吗？ Have you ever ____________ about your future? 2. 太阳消失在云层后面。 The sun ____________ behind the clouds. 3. 房间里挤满了人。 The room is ____________ people. 4. 这个城市的人口在增长。 The population of the city is ____________. 5. 晚上的温度下降了。 The temperature ____________ at night. 6. 请允许我自我介绍一下。 Please ____________ me to introduce myself. 7. 许多树每年被砍伐。 Many trees are ____________ every year. 8. 宝藏被埋在地下。 The treasure was ____________ under the ground. 9. 我钦佩她的勇气。 I ____________ her for her courage. 10. 会议被取消了。 The meeting was ____________. 11. 动物数量会增加。 Animals will ____________ in number. 12. 森林夺回了空间。 Forests ____________ back the space. 13. 我们需要思考如何与自然和谐相处。 We need to think about how to ____________ along with nature. 14. 人类在地球上留下了太多痕迹。 Humans have left so many ____________ on the earth. 15. 让我们允许自然顺其自然。 Let us ____________ nature to have her way. 三、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的单词填空，注意形式变化） A | think | disappear | full | increase | drop | allow | cut | hide | admire | cancel | 1. Have you ever ____________ about your future? 2. The sun ____________ behind the clouds. 3. The room is ____________ of people. 4. The population of the city is ____________. 5. The temperature ____________ at night. 6. Please ____________ me to introduce myself. 7. Many trees are ____________ down every year. 8. The treasure was ____________ under the ground. 9. I ____________ her for her courage. 10. The meeting was ____________. B | think | disappear | full | increase | drop | allow | cut | hide | admire | cancel | What would happen if people were gone? Traffic would ____________ from the roads. The noise would ____________ greatly. Animals would ____________ in number. Trees would not be ____________ down. Forests would take back the space. Natural wonders that were ____________ by pollution would appear again. But there aren't any people to ____________ such an amazing world. We can't ____________ our actions and start over. We need to ____________ more about how to get along with nature. We should ____________ nature to have her way. The world is ____________ of beauty if we protect it. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Have you ever ____________ (think) about your future? 2. The sun ____________ (disappear) behind the clouds. 3. The room is ____________ (full) of people. 4. The population of the city is ____________ (increase). 5. The temperature ____________ (drop) at night. 6. Please allow me ____________ (introduce) myself. 7. Many trees are ____________ (cut) down every year. 8. The treasure was ____________ (hide) under the ground. 9. I ____________ (admire) her for her courage. 10. The meeting was ____________ (cancel). 11. It is easy for birds ____________ (find) food in spring. 12. We need to think about how ____________ (get) along with nature. 13. Humans have left so many ____________ (mark) on the earth. 14. The rapid development has made us ____________ (care) less for nature. 15. We should permit nature ____________ (have) her way. 答案 一、单项选择 1. C 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. C 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. thought 2. disappeared 3. full of 4. increasing 5. drops 6. allow 7. cut down 8. hidden 9. admire 10. cancelled 11. increase 12. take 13. get 14. marks 15. permit 三、选词填空 A 1. thought 2. disappeared 3. full 4. increasing 5. drops 6. allow 7. cut 8. hidden 9. admire 10. cancelled B 1. disappear 2. drop 3. increase 4. cut 5. hidden 6. admire 7. cancel 8. think 9. allow 10. full 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. thought 2. disappeared 3. full 4. increasing 5. drops 6. to introduce 7. cut 8. hidden 9. admire 10. cancelled 11. to find 12. to get 13. marks 14. care 15. to have 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $