Unit 2 知识点 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语Unit 2知识清单系统梳理了核心内容，涵盖词汇（含词性转换）、短语（含固定搭配及用法）、句子（含功能句型与反身代词语法）三大范畴，为学生搭建从基础词汇到短语应用再到句子表达的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类呈现与关联对比构建知识体系，如“care”系列（careful/carefully/careless/carelessly）的词性转换对比，短语配例句（如avoid doing sth: Students should avoid eating junk food），反身代词表格清晰展示用法，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。实用设计帮助不同学生高效掌握，教师可据此优化教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 2 知识点 1、 词汇 1. Stomach (n.)胃，肚子 ----stomachache (n.)胃疼 2. describe(v.)描述 ----description(n.) 3. knife---knives（复数）小刀 4. safe（adj.)安全的 ----safety (n.)安全 5. pain (n.)疼痛---painful (adj.)痛苦的 6. quick(adj.)迅速的---quickly (adv.)迅速地 7. sad(adj.)悲伤的---sadly (adv.) 8. harm(n.)伤害---harmful(adj.)有害的 9. nervous(adj.)紧张的---nervously(adv.) 10. ill(adj.)生病的----illness (n.)疾病 11.careful (adj.形容词) 小心的，仔细的 carefully (adv.副词，修饰行为动词）小心地，仔细地 careless (adj.形容词) 粗心的，马虎的 carelessly (adv.副词，修饰行为动词）粗心地，马虎地 He is a careful boy. He opens the box carefully. She cleaned the floor carelessly. The floor is dirty.She is really careless. 12.happy (adj.形容词) 开心的 unhappy (adj.形容词) 不开心的 happily (adv.副词) 开心地 unhappily (adv.副词) 不开心地 She is really happy today.She is cooking happily in the kitchen. 二、短语 1.have a + 疾病 得....病 have a cold 感冒 have a fever 发烧have a cough 咳嗽 have the flu 流行感冒 2.have a/an + “身体部位+ache ...疼have a headache 头疼have a toothache 牙疼 have a stomachache胃疼 have a backache背疼 3.have a sore + 身体部位.....疼have a sore throat 喉咙疼 4. have a cut 割伤 5.have a runny nose 流鼻涕 6.suffer from 受苦，受折磨 He suffers from a headache. 7.avoid +名词 避免.....We should avoid grammar mistakes. avoid doing sth 避免做.....Students should avoid eating junk food. 8.no more 没有更多的....,不再有....We have no more time. 9.take a seat 坐下 10.take one’s temperature 量体温 The doctor took my temperature. 11..get out of ... 离开.....get out of the bed 12.hurt 动词 ，疼 = ache My head hurts. His eyes hurt. 13.the back of .... ...... 的后部/背面He sits at the back of the classroom. 14.take some medicine 吃药 15.wear a mask 戴口罩 16.stop sb from doing sth 阻止....人做We should stop them from wasting food. 17.take care of.... 照顾 take good care of ...... 好好照顾 She can take care of herself. We should take good care of old people. 18.what’s more 更有甚者，更为重要的是 （作插入语，对某一话题进行补充说明） The supermarket is really good.What’s more,their prices are lower . 19.cross (v.动词) 穿过 across(prep.介词） cross.....= go across.... . cross the bridge =go across the bridge 20.instead of .... 而不是，代替 I prefer to go on an outing instead of staying at home. She has a headache instead of a sore throat. 21. fall off ..... = fall from ..... 从.......掉下 He fell off the tree yesterday. = He fell from the tree yesterday. 22.It’s one’s first time doing sth 是....第一次做.....It’s my first time failing the test. 23.turn on 打开电器 turn on the light turn off 关电器 turn off the light 24.leave sb/sth to do sth 让....人做....Mom left me to cook the fish by myself. 25.no way 不可能，没门 Could you please take out the rubbish ? No way,I am busy doing homework. 26.stop doing sth 停止做.....(事情正在做） He has a bad sore throat .He stops smoking. stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事情.....（事情未做）After finishing the test ,we stopped to take a rest. 27.look up 抬头向上看，查找 She stopped reading and looked up . 28.smell sb /sth doing 闻到......正..... I smelt my mom baking bread in the kitchen. 29.rush back 冲回rush back to school rush to 冲向 rush to the cinema 30.on fire 着火（强调状态） The house is on fire. catch fire 着火，开始燃烧（强调动作）The wooden house is easy to catch fire. 31.so+形容词/副词 +that+句子 如此.....以致 ........(结果状语从句） The weather is so cold that many people catch a cold. 32.be close to ..... 离......近 My home is close to the school. 33.be far from ..... 离......远 The park is far from the hospital. 34.put out sth = put sth out 扑灭，熄灭 The firemen put out the fire at last.= The firemen put the fire out at last. 35.be about to do sth 即将做.....正要做..... She is about to take my temperature. 36.anything but .....除了......任何东西 I can read anything but poems. nothing but .....除了.......什么也没有 We saw nothing but a bus. 37.in ten minutes 十分钟后 38.call for help 呼救 39.while/ when +doing 当正在......的时候 Don’t talk while eating. 40.in the middle of .....在.....中间 The teacher stands in the middle of the classroom. 41.feel +adj.（形容词） 感觉 （感官动词作连系动词，其后跟形容词作表语） 42.I felt nervous before the test. 43.be allergic to ..... 对.....过敏 The boy is allergic to corn. 44.jump into action 立即行动The car hit the old man.The driver jumped into action. 45.take sb. to s.w. 带....去.......take students to the museum 46.give sb some advice/ suggestions 给......人一些建议 give us some advice (不可数名词，永远单数） give them some suggestions（可数名词，有单复数变化） 47.from now on 从现在起 （作状语，放在句首或句末）I will study harder from now on. from then on 从那时起 They helped the homeless people from then on. 三、句子 1.What’s the matter with you ?= What’s the trouble with you ?= What’s wrong with you ?你怎么了 ？ I have a headache. / I am suffering from a headache. 我头疼。 2. You shouldn’t eat so much next time. 3. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. should(应该）情态动词+动词原形 用来提建议，语气比could强 5. I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. 反身代词一般作动词或介词的宾语，主语或宾语的同位语，表语。 We enjoyed ourselves. Don’t be too hard on yourself. I cooked the dinner myself. Just be yourself. 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself我自己 Yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己 复数 Ourselves我们自己 yourselves你们自己 themselves 他们自己 常见的可接反身代词作宾语的动词或短语有cut,hurt,protect,teach,enjoy,help,take care of,look after. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $