第04讲 Unit4 Life is beautiful（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新九年级英语新教材译林版

第04讲 Unit 4 Life is beautiful （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1.掌握本单元核心词汇、短语及固定搭配，能正确理解词义并在语境中灵活运用； 2.理解单元课文的叙事逻辑与核心主旨，梳理文本内容，完成对应的阅读理解类题型； 3.体会单元主题“生活的美好”，理解文本传递的人生道理，提升英语阅读与书面表达能力。 学习重点 1.核心词汇：example、self、unused、pity、dig、couple、celebration、unlike、bear、compare、expect等词的词义、词性转换及常见搭配； 2.重点短语：for example、set an example for、in public、a couple of、in celebration of、compare...with...、expect sth. of sb.等固定短语的用法； 3.掌握课文的叙事脉络，理解花生种植的故事传递的核心思想，能完成相关的考点题型训练。 学习难点 1.词汇的语境运用：在真实语境中准确选择并使用核心词汇与短语，避免搭配错误； 1. Bamboo is a good example.竹子就是一个很好的例子。 【详解】example n.（名词）“例子, 范例, 榜样”，用法如下 ①派生词：____________ v. “举例证明；是…的典范” _______________adj.“典范的；可仿效的” ②常见搭配： （1）_________________________例如 e.g. Many countries, for example, Mexico and Japan, have a lot of earthquakes. 例如，墨西哥和日本等许多国家都经常发生地震。 （2）_________________________（为.......）树立榜样 e.g. He set an example for the other students by working hard.他通过努力学习为其他同学树立了榜样。 （3）_________________________效仿某人 e.g. We should follow his example and study hard.我们应该以他为榜样，努力学习。 【典例】 玲玲在公共场合表现得特别好，为他人树立了榜样。 Lingling behaved so well _______________ that she ______________________others. 【即练1】 我见过许多和这个相似的例子。 I have seen many____________which are _________ __________ this one. 【即练2】 （ ）I don’t know how to use ______ saying “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Can you give me ________ example? A．a; the B．a; an C．the; the D．the; an 2.That reminds me to have confidence in my ability and always be my best self.这提醒我要相信自己的能力，始终做最好的自己。 【详解】self n.“自我；本来面目”，用法如下： ①作名词，可作主语、宾语或表语， e.g. I'm trying to find my true self.我正努力寻找真实的自我。 He lost himself in the music.他沉浸在音乐中。 ②常见搭配：_______________自信 _____________自控 ______________自尊 【典例】 我想和你们分享真实的我。    I’d like to ________ with you my ________ ________. 【即练1】 我已经学会接纳独一无二的自己。 I ________ ________ to ________my unique________ already. 3. At the back of our house, there was a small piece of unused land. 我们房子的后院有一块闲置的小土地。【详解】unused adj.“未使用过的”，用法如下： ①核心词义：（1）未使用的，闲置的：指某物从未被使用过或目前不被使用 （2） 不习惯的，不熟悉的：指对某种情况或活动不熟悉（较少用） ②常见搭配：（1）______________闲置土地 （2）___________________未利用资源 【典例】 你的家庭可以通过关闭未使用的灯来节约能源。 Your family can _________________________by turning off____________lights. 4.“It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that,” Mother said. “Since you all enjoy eating peanuts, let’s make it a peanut field.” “这么浪费实在可惜，”母亲说，“既然大家都喜欢吃花生，我们就把它变成一片花生田吧。” 【详解】pity n.“遗憾”，用法如下： ①作____________名词，表示“_____________”： 【常用结构】_________________________怜悯某人 e.g. She took pity on him and gave him some money.她同情他，给了他一些钱。 ②作__________名词，表示“_________________________”： 【常用结构】（1）_________________________遗憾的是…… e.g.It's a pity that you can't go with us!真遗憾你不能和我们一道去。 （2）_________________________真可惜！ e.g.What a pity you missed the concert!你错过了音乐会，真可惜！ 【典例】 （ ）If you have ________ pity on the people in need, you should take action to help them. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【即练1】 （ ）— Some students are coughing badly! —Yes. It’s ________ pity that we have ________ unusual time because of flu (流感). A．a; an B．/; an C．a; a D．/; a 【即练2】 （ ）—I missed the football match final between France and Argentina yesterday evening. — ________! But you can watch the re-play (重播) tonight. A．Hurry up B．What a pity C．Try your best D．I don’t think so 5.We began buying seeds, digging up the ground and watering the plants.我们开始购买种子，翻土并给植物浇水。 【详解】dig vt.&vi. “挖；掘；凿；探究；戳；刺” ①过去式/过去分词：_________；现在分词：___________ ②常见固定搭配 dig a hole 挖洞 dig in 开始吃；投入工作 挖出 挖掘；翻找 dig for 寻找 dig into 深入研究 【典例】 They ________ (dig) very deep in the field in order to find the treasure the other day. 【即练1】 These carrots ________ by the lovely rabbit yesterday. (dig) 6.In a couple of months, we had a harvest!短短几个月后，我们就收获了成果！ 【详解】a couple of “几个；一对”，用法如下： ①后接_______________，表示数量不多的几个， e.g.a couple of days几天，a couple of books几本书。 ②在口语中，也可表示“_________”， e.g.a couple of friends两个朋友。 【典例】 这本杂志我买了几个月了。 I’ve_________ this magazine for __________ __________ __________ months. 【即练1】 （ ）Susan’s parents ________ her, because she has been ill for ________ days. A．worry; a couple of B．worry about; a couple of C．worries about; a few D．worries; a lot of 【即练2】 （ ）When I saw ________ couple of girls helping ________ old man carry heavy things, I ran to help them. A．a; a B．a; an C．the; a 7.She cooked the peanuts in a few different ways and told us to go to the garden for the celebration. 她用几种不同的方法烹制了花生，并让我们去花园参加庆祝活动。 【详解】celebration n.“庆祝；庆典”，用法如下： ①词性转换：动词形式为________________庆祝，形容词形式为________________喜庆的。 ②常见搭配： （1）_________________________举行庆祝活动 （2）_________________________庆祝派对 （3）_________________________为庆祝…… 【典例】 His lively tune is used for joy and ________ (celebrate). 【即练1】 For thousands of years, they __________ (celebrate) the Grain Rain Festival. 【即练2】 去年，因为学校的百年校庆我们的校园发生了很大的变化。（完成译句） Because of the centenary ________ of our school,great changes________ ______in our campus last year. 8.Unlike apples and peaches that show their fruits in the air and attract people with their beautiful colours, the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth.与苹果和桃子不同——它们的果实悬挂在空中，凭借绚丽的色彩吸引人们注意——花生植株则将果实埋藏于地下。 【详解】unlike prep.“不像”，用法如下： ①作介词：用于对比人或事物的差异，后接名词、代词或动名词短语 （1）接名词：Unlike his brother, he is quite outgoing.不像他哥哥，他非常外向。 （2）接代词：She is very unlike her in terms of personality.在性格方面，她和她大不相同。 （3）接动名词短语：Unlike staying at home, traveling can broaden our horizons. 和待在家里不同，旅行能拓宽我们的视野。 ②易混淆词辨析unlike vs dislike： unlike是介词，表“不同；不像”； dislike是动词/名词，表“不喜欢；厌恶” 【典例】 与以往不同，现在人们更多关注生活环境的改善。 ________ in the past, people now ________ ________ ________ ________ the improvement of their living environment. 【即练1】 亲自参与让我感到平静，不像独自看视频。 Joining ________ ________ made me feel calm, ________ watching videos alone. 【即练2】 （ ）_________ my brother, I’m quite good at singing English songs, but he just _______ doing so. A．Unlike; likes B．Like; unlikes C．Unlike; dislikes D．Like; likes 9.Until you dig it out, you can’t tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not.在将其挖出之前，仅凭观察其细茎无法判断是否结过果。 【详解】bear vt.“结（果实）；开（花）；生（孩子）”，用法如下： ①表示“结（果实）；开（花）”时，主语通常是植物，常见搭配为“________________”。 e.g.The apple tree bears a lot of fruit every autumn.这棵苹果树每年秋天结很多果实。 This kind of flower bears beautiful blossoms in spring.这种花在春天开出美丽的花朵。 ②表示“生（孩子）”时，主语通常是人或动物，常见搭配为“________________”。 e.g.She bore a healthy baby boy last week.她上周生下了一个健康的男婴。 The panda bore two cubs in the zoo.这只熊猫在动物园里生下了两只幼崽。 ③作为及物动词，'bear'还有其他常见用法： 常见搭配为“________________”。 e.g.I can't bear the noise.（我无法忍受这种噪音。） bear的过去式为________，过去分词_________用于表示出生 e.g.She was born in 1990.她出生于1990年。 【典例】 She _______________ (bear) great pain without complaining. 【即练1】 My little sister was ___________ (bear) on a warm spring morning, and everyone in the family was happy. 10.“Do you mean,” I asked, “compared with being useful, looking for attention and praise from others is not that important?”“您的意思是，”我问道，“与发挥实际作用相比，寻求他人的关注和赞美并不那么重要吗？” 【详解】compare vt.“比较；对比”，用法如下： ①其过去式和过去分词为_____________,现在分词为______________,名词形式为________________,意为“比较；对比”。 ②常用结构：（1）把......与......比较 ________________（常用于同类事物之间的比较） e.g.Compare this new phone with the old one, and you'll see which is better. （2）把......比作......________________（常用于异类事物之间的比较或比喻） e.g.The poet compared the woman's eyes to stars in the sky. 【典例】 The tallest buildings in London are small in ________ with New York’s skyscrapers. (compare) 【即练1】 We are often _________（compare）with our classmates. 【即练2】 当父母把孩子和尖子生做比较，他通常很烦恼。 When he ________________ top students by his parents, the kid usually feels annoyed. (compare) 11.And this is what I expect of you.这就是我对你的期望。 【详解】________________“对某人抱有某种期望”，用法如下： ①核心含义：表示对某人有具体的期望、要求或标准，强调对方需要达到的目标或具备的品质。 ②结构解析：expect是及物动词，sth.是期望的具体内容（可以是行为、品质、成就等），of用于引出期望的对象sb. ③复习：________________期望某人做某事 【典例】 父母对我寄予厚望。 _______________________________________________________________. 12.It feels like a hidden treasure, waiting to dig out.它宛如一件隐藏的珍宝，静候人们去发掘。 【详解】hidden adj.“隐藏的；隐匿的”，用法如下： ①核心含义与词源： hidden是________________的过去分词形式，用作形容词时表示“隐藏的、隐匿的”，强调某物被有意或无意地遮挡，不被轻易发现。 ②语法特征与词性转换： （1）作为形容词，hidden可作定语或表语， e.g. hidden treasure隐藏的宝藏 The truth is hidden from us真相被隐瞒 （2）作为动词hide的过去分词，可用于被动语态或完成时态， e.g.The spy was hidden in the attic间谍藏在阁楼上 She has hidden her feelings for years她多年来一直隐藏自己的感情 ③常见搭配与短语：________________隐含意义 【典例】 The children found a ________ (hide) treasure box under the big tree. 【即练1】 The kids ________ (hide) behind the tree to surprise their friend just now. 【即练2】 There is a ________ (hide) secret in the book. 13.She nodded because she thinks teaching is very important to society.她点头表示认同，因为她认为教育对社会至关重要。 【详解】society n.“社会”，用法如下： ①作“社会”解时，泛指人类群体，为___________名词，前面不加冠词；特指某一社会时为可数名词 ②衍生词：___________社会的、___________社会学、___________社会主义 【典例】 In modern _________ (social), almost everyone has a mobile phone to stay connected with others. 【即练1】 尽你的最大努力成为一个对社会有用的人。 ________ ________ ________ to become a useful person to ________. 【即练2】 我们的社会依靠商品和服务的交换来获取金钱。 Our ________ ________ ________ trading goods and services for money. 14.She thinks helpfulness is an amazing quality.她认为乐于助人是一种了不起的品质。 【详解】helpfulness n.“乐于助人”，用法如下： ①基本释义：乐于助人，有益，有帮助的性质或状态 ②用法说明：作为不可数名词，通常用于描述人的品质或行为的有益性 ③词源追溯：源自helpful（有帮助的）+ -ness（名词后缀，表示性质或状态） 【典例】 他的乐于助人赢得了大家的尊重。 His ______ won everyone's respect. 15.In my opinion, living well means finding your purpose in life. 在我看来，美好生活意味着找到人生的意义。 【详解】purpose n.“重要的意义；目的；意图”，用法如下： ①常用搭配： （1）___________________故意地；有意地 e.g.I think he did that on purpose to annoy me. （2）___________________为了……目的 e.g.The research was conducted for the purpose of finding a cure. （3）___________________的目的 e.g. The purpose of this meeting is to discuss our quarterly sales targets. ②近义词辨析： purpose 指心中怀着的目标，强调实现目标的决心 aim 指比较具体而明确的目标，但常指短期目标 goal 指经过考虑和选择，需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标 【典例】 连词成句 across，cultures，the purpose，festivals，is，to pass on，traditions，of，different，from，countries ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【即练1】 这项新规定的目的是为了帮助学生健康地成长。  ________  ________  ________ the new rule is to help students grow up healthily. 【即练2】 别生气，毕竟他不是故意打碎玻璃的。 Don’t be angry. After all, he didn’t break the glass ________  ________. 16.Fan is known to many as the “Daughter of Dunhuang” because she has devoted a large part of her life to researching and protecting the ancient Dunhuang caves.范女士被许多人誉为“敦煌的女儿”，因为她将生命中的大部分时间都奉献给了敦煌石窟的研究与保护工作。 【详解】devote v.“献身；致力；专心”，用法如下： ①常用固定搭配：（1）_________________________致力于某事/做某事 e.g.He devoted himself to helping the poor.他致力于帮助穷人。 （2）_________________________热爱某事/某人；致力于某事 e.g.She is devoted to her family.她深爱自己的家人。 ②派生词：（1）_____________adj. 忠诚的；挚爱的；全心全意的 e.g.a devoted friend一位忠诚的朋友 （2）_____________ n. 奉献；忠诚；热爱 e.g.her devotion to her children她对孩子们的热爱 【典例】 （ ）—Has he devoted the time ________ the disabled in the past years? —Yes. That is now considered to be ________ great value ________ him. A．to help; of; for B．to helping; /; to C．to help; in; of D．to helping; of; to 【即练1】 他致力于帮助贫困地区的留守儿童。 He ________ his spare time ________ ________ left-behind children in poor areas. 【即练2】 She ________ (devote) most of her time to practicing the piano since she was five. 一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示或首字母写出单词 1.Whether it's choosing a snack or a new phone,__________(比较)helps us pick the best option for our needs. 2.Our school decided to turn the_________(未用过的)classroom on the second floor into a modern art studio for creative students. 3.The city park became very__________(有吸引力)to tourists after the local government planted thousands of colourful flowers along the paths. 4.Doctors warned that working in such dirty__________(状态)could cause serious health problems for the factory workers in the future. 5.With enough sunlight and water,the lemon trees in our garden will soon_________(结果实)fresh fruit for everyone to enjoy. 6.After waiting for a c_________of minutes,the bus finally arrived,and all the tired passengers got on quickly. 7.It is a p_________that the famous historical museum had to close its doors due to a lack of money. 8.Many countries are trying to find new energy sources because relying too much on o_______can harm our planet seriously. 9.The village held a big c__________to honour the farmers who worked hard all year to grow enough food for everyone. 10.The archaeologists hope to d ________up more ancient tools to find out how people lived in the past. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Project Hope has_________(success)sent many poor children to school recently. 2. It is better for you to knock at the door before________(enter)the teachers' office. 3. Tan Dun makes music by__________(control)the speed of water flow. 4. After she cooked dinner,she went on________(wash)some clothes in the bathroom. 5. Have you ever thought about devoting all your life to________(support)different charities? 6. (2025南京秦淮二模)Now we can use AI technology to help the________(miss)children return home. 7. The volunteers added some bright lights and loud music to make the dance show much_______(excite). 8.(2025南京鼓楼二模)Using snakes as medicine has a long history in China and it_______(record)in detail in many Chinese medicine books. 三、单项填空 （ ）1.Life is like climbing a mountain._____you may feel tired,you will enjoy the beautiful view at the top of the mountain. A.Since B.Unless C.Though D.Because （ ）2.(2026南京玄武期末)—I have no idea how to improve my English listening skills. —Why not_____asking your teachers for help? A.require B.imagine C.consider D.prefer （ ）3.(2026南京玄武期末)—Why are most school desks light blue? —I guess it's______because light blue makes students calm. A.hardly B.probably C.peacefully D.highly （ ）4.—Oriental white storks(东方白鹳)are a rare kind of bird now. —Yes.But they used to be very_______in East Asia and could be seen everywhere. A.traditional B.valuable C.strange D.common 4、 根据汉语补全或翻译句子 1. 真遗憾，工人们为了修建新路，不得不挖出那些古老的树木。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 在决定购买哪双鞋子之前，我们最好先去几家商店比较一下价格。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 与那些开花但从未结果的植物不同，这棵老树每年都能结出大量的果实。 ____________________that bloom but____________________,this old tree produces plenty of fruit every year. 4. 父母通常对子女寄予厚望，希望他们能考上一所好高中。 __________________________,hoping______________________________________________________. 5. 当机会来临时，不要害怕带头，因为你身上可能隐藏着领导才能。 When the opportunity comes,__________________________,because____________________________leadership talents. 五、完型填空 Hi! My name is Adam and I’m a freshman in senior high school. Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big difficulty. The first week was a little ____11____. First, I had to think very carefully about which ____12____ I wanted to take. I spent hours looking through the course list, marking possible choices with a yellow marker and crossing out (删掉) ones that didn’t ____13____ my schedule, until my desk was covered in crumpled notes. The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones: Maths, English, Chemistry, World History, and Chinese. I know that Chinese is a very ____14____ language, but I hope to be fluent and get an A when I graduate. My adviser recommended I sign up for advanced literature since I like English and I’m good at it. I had to choose extra-curricular activities, too. I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. During the tryout, I ____15____ an important pass that would have made a goal. The coach said I had courage but needed more practice, which hurt more than I wanted to say. There is no doubt that I was unhappy, but I won’t stop trying. I’ll find a way to ____16____ on my own so that I can make the team next year. I joined a volunteer club instead. Every Wednesday, we work at a soup kitchen and ____17____ food to homeless people in the community. Last week, I was serving hot soup ____18____ the old man began telling me his army stories, and the work suddenly allowed me to meet more people from different backgrounds. I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. I’m a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course, ____19____ since some of them already seem to know the material really well, and it’ll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework. Still, I’m ____20____ to be here. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future. 11. A. peaceful B. boring C. colourful D. challenging 12. A. tasks B. courses C. hobbies D. methods 13. A. fail B. mix C. fit D. mention 14. A. simple B. ancient C. difficult D. practical 15. A. received B. caught C. kicked D. missed 16. A. decide B. finish C. improve D. promise 17. A. hand out B. pick up C. put away D. try out 18. A. which B. when C. after D. that 19. A. finally B. greatly C. hardly D. especially 20. A. calm B. pleased C. stressed D. lonely 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第04讲 Unit 4 Life is beautiful （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1.掌握本单元核心词汇、短语及固定搭配，能正确理解词义并在语境中灵活运用； 2.理解单元课文的叙事逻辑与核心主旨，梳理文本内容，完成对应的阅读理解类题型； 3.体会单元主题“生活的美好”，理解文本传递的人生道理，提升英语阅读与书面表达能力。 学习重点 1.核心词汇：example、self、unused、pity、dig、couple、celebration、unlike、bear、compare、expect等词的词义、词性转换及常见搭配； 2.重点短语：for example、set an example for、in public、a couple of、in celebration of、compare...with...、expect sth. of sb.等固定短语的用法； 3.掌握课文的叙事脉络，理解花生种植的故事传递的核心思想，能完成相关的考点题型训练。 学习难点 1.词汇的语境运用：在真实语境中准确选择并使用核心词汇与短语，避免搭配错误； 1. Bamboo is a good example.竹子就是一个很好的例子。 【详解】example n.（名词）“例子, 范例, 榜样”，用法如下 ①派生词：exemplify v. “举例证明；是…的典范” exemplary adj.“典范的；可仿效的” ②常见搭配： （1）for example例如 e.g. Many countries, for example, Mexico and Japan, have a lot of earthquakes. 例如，墨西哥和日本等许多国家都经常发生地震。 （2）set an example（for）（为.......）树立榜样 e.g. He set an example for the other students by working hard.他通过努力学习为其他同学树立了榜样。 （3）follow one's example效仿某人 e.g. We should follow his example and study hard.我们应该以他为榜样，努力学习。 【典例】 玲玲在公共场合表现得特别好，为他人树立了榜样。 Lingling behaved so well _______________ that she ______________________others. 【答案】in public; set an example for 【详解】“在公共场合”对应的英文短语是“in public”；“为他人树立榜样”对应的英文短语是“set an example for others”。根据句子结构和语义，此处应填入这两个短语。 【即练1】 我见过许多和这个相似的例子。 I have seen many____________which are _________ __________ this one. 【答案】examples; similar to 【详解】第一空需要填‘例子’的英文形式，many后接可数名词复数，所以填examples；第二空需要填‘与……相似’的英文短语，所以填similar to。 【即练2】 （ ）I don’t know how to use ______ saying “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Can you give me ________ example? A．a; the B．a; an C．the; the D．the; an 【答案】D 【详解】第一空：“saying ‘A friend in need is a friend indeed.’”是特指的谚语，所以用定冠词“the”；第二空：“example”是以元音音素开头的单词，且此处表示“一个例子”，是泛指，所以用不定冠词“an”。因此，正确答案是D。 2.That reminds me to have confidence in my ability and always be my best self.这提醒我要相信自己的能力，始终做最好的自己。 【详解】self n.“自我；本来面目”，用法如下： ①作名词，可作主语、宾语或表语， e.g. I'm trying to find my true self.我正努力寻找真实的自我。 He lost himself in the music.他沉浸在音乐中。 ②常见搭配：self-confidence自信 self-control自控 self-esteem 自尊 【典例】 我想和你们分享真实的我。    I’d like to ________ with you my ________ ________. 【答案】share; true self 【详解】“share sth. with sb.”是固定搭配，意为“与某人分享某物”，所以第一空填“share”；“true self”表示“真实的自我”，是常用表达，用来对应中文里的“真实的我”，所以第二空填“true”，第三空填“self”。 【即练1】 我已经学会接纳独一无二的自己。 I ________ ________ to ________my unique________ already. 【答案】have learned; accept; self 【详解】本句考查汉译英的词汇和语法运用。“已经学会”用现在完成时“have learned”表达；“接纳”对应“accept”；“独一无二的自己”译为“unique self”。整句时态和词汇搭配符合英语表达习惯。 3. At the back of our house, there was a small piece of unused land. 我们房子的后院有一块闲置的小土地。【详解】unused adj.“未使用过的”，用法如下： ①核心词义：（1）未使用的，闲置的：指某物从未被使用过或目前不被使用 （2） 不习惯的，不熟悉的：指对某种情况或活动不熟悉（较少用） ②常见搭配：（1）unused land 闲置土地 （2）unused resources 未利用资源 【典例】 你的家庭可以通过关闭未使用的灯来节约能源。 Your family can _________________________by turning off____________lights. 【答案】save energy; unused 【详解】本题考查汉译英。“节约能源”译为save energy，“未使用的”译为unused。by是介词，后接动词时要用动名词形式，turning off是正确形式。 4.“It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that,” Mother said. “Since you all enjoy eating peanuts, let’s make it a peanut field.” “这么浪费实在可惜，”母亲说，“既然大家都喜欢吃花生，我们就把它变成一片花生田吧。” 【详解】pity n.“遗憾”，用法如下： ①作不可数名词，表示“同情、怜悯”： 【常用结构】take/have pity on sb.怜悯某人 e.g. She took pity on him and gave him some money.她同情他，给了他一些钱。 ②作可数名词，表示“可惜的事、遗憾的事”： 【常用结构】（1）It's a pity that...遗憾的是…… e.g.It's a pity that you can't go with us!真遗憾你不能和我们一道去。 （2）What a pity! 真可惜！ e.g.What a pity you missed the concert!你错过了音乐会，真可惜！ 【典例】 （ ）If you have ________ pity on the people in need, you should take action to help them. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】pity表示“同情、怜悯”时是不可数名词，固定搭配have pity on sb.意为“同情某人”，不需要加任何冠词。因此正确答案是D。 【即练1】 （ ）— Some students are coughing badly! —Yes. It’s ________ pity that we have ________ unusual time because of flu (流感). A．a; an B．/; an C．a; a D．/; a 【答案】A 【详解】第一空：固定搭配"It's a pity that..."表示"遗憾的是..."，pity前需加不定冠词a；第二空：unusual是以元音音素开头的单词，前面需用不定冠词an。因此正确答案是A。 【即练2】 （ ）—I missed the football match final between France and Argentina yesterday evening. — ________! But you can watch the re-play (重播) tonight. A．Hurry up B．What a pity C．Try your best D．I don’t think so 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查情景交际。根据对话内容，第一个人说自己错过了法国和阿根廷的足球决赛，第二个人应该表达遗憾之情。选项A“Hurry up”意为“快点”；选项B“What a pity”意为“真遗憾”；选项C“Try your best”意为“尽你最大努力”；选项D“I don’t think so”意为“我不这么认为”。结合语境，只有选项B符合题意，所以选B。 5.We began buying seeds, digging up the ground and watering the plants.我们开始购买种子，翻土并给植物浇水。 【详解】dig vt.&vi. “挖；掘；凿；探究；戳；刺” ①过去式/过去分词：dug；现在分词：digging ②常见固定搭配 dig a hole 挖洞 dig in 开始吃；投入工作 dig out 挖出 dig up 挖掘；翻找 dig for 寻找 dig into 深入研究 【典例】 They ________ (dig) very deep in the field in order to find the treasure the other day. 【答案】dug 【详解】根据句中的时间状语“the other day”（前几天），可知句子要用一般过去时。dig的过去式是dug，所以此处应填dug。 【即练1】 These carrots ________ by the lovely rabbit yesterday. (dig) 【答案】were dug 【详解】这是一般过去时的被动语态。根据句中的时间状语“yesterday”（昨天），可知句子要用一般过去时；又因为主语“These carrots”（这些胡萝卜）是动作“dig”（挖）的承受者，所以要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构是“was/were + 过去分词”，主语是复数，所以be动词用were，dig的过去分词是dug，故此处应填were dug。 6.In a couple of months, we had a harvest!短短几个月后，我们就收获了成果！ 【详解】a couple of “几个；一对”，用法如下： ①后接可数名词复数，表示数量不多的几个， e.g.a couple of days几天，a couple of books几本书。 ②在口语中，也可表示“两个”， e.g.a couple of friends两个朋友。 【典例】 这本杂志我买了几个月了。 I’ve_________ this magazine for __________ __________ __________ months. 【答案】had; a couple of 【详解】根据句中的“for”和“months”可知，句子要用现在完成时，buy是短暂性动词，不能和一段时间连用，所以要用have had来表示“拥有”的状态。“a couple of”表示“几个”，用来修饰可数名词复数months。 【即练1】 （ ）Susan’s parents ________ her, because she has been ill for ________ days. A．worry; a couple of B．worry about; a couple of C．worries about; a few D．worries; a lot of 【答案】B 【详解】这道题考查动词短语和量词的用法。首先看第一个空，“worry”作为不及物动词，后面接宾语时需要加“about”，即“worry about sb.”表示“担心某人”，所以A和D选项不符合。再看第二个空，“a couple of”和“a few”都可以表示“几个”，但“a couple of”更侧重于“一对、一双”的意思，在这里“a couple of days”表示“几天”，是比较常用的表达。而“a lot of”虽然也表示“许多”，但通常不用于这种语境。另外，句子的主语是“Susan’s parents”，是复数形式，所以动词应该用原形“worry about”，而不是第三人称单数形式“worries about”，所以C选项也不正确。因此，正确答案是B。 【即练2】 （ ）When I saw ________ couple of girls helping ________ old man carry heavy things, I ran to help them. A．a; a B．a; an C．the; a 【答案】B 【详解】“a couple of”是固定短语，意为“几个，一对”，所以第一个空填a；“old”是以元音音素开头的单词，前面要用an来修饰，所以第二个空填an。因此答案选B。 7.She cooked the peanuts in a few different ways and told us to go to the garden for the celebration. 她用几种不同的方法烹制了花生，并让我们去花园参加庆祝活动。 【详解】celebration n.“庆祝；庆典”，用法如下： ①词性转换：动词形式为celebrate庆祝，形容词形式为celebratory喜庆的。 ②常见搭配： （1）hold a celebration举行庆祝活动 （2）celebration party庆祝派对 （3）in celebration of为庆祝…… 【典例】 His lively tune is used for joy and ________ (celebrate). 【答案】celebrations 【详解】此处需要用celebrate的名词形式celebration，与joy并列作介词for的宾语。根据语境，这里表示庆祝活动，常用复数形式celebrations，所以填celebrations。 【即练1】 For thousands of years, they __________ (celebrate) the Grain Rain Festival. 【答案】have celebrated 【详解】根据句中的时间状语“For thousands of years”（几千年来），可知动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并且可能还会继续下去，所以要用现在完成时。现在完成时的构成是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语是they，助动词用have，celebrate的过去分词是celebrated，故填have celebrated。 【即练2】 去年，因为学校的百年校庆我们的校园发生了很大的变化。（完成译句） Because of the centenary ________ of our school,great changes________ ______in our campus last year. 【答案】celebration; took place 【详解】1. "百年校庆"对应的英文表达是"centenary celebration"，这里用单数形式表示特定的校庆活动；2. "发生"在描述变化时常用"took place"，根据时间状语"last year"可知要用一般过去时。 8.Unlike apples and peaches that show their fruits in the air and attract people with their beautiful colours, the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth.与苹果和桃子不同——它们的果实悬挂在空中，凭借绚丽的色彩吸引人们注意——花生植株则将果实埋藏于地下。 【详解】unlike prep.“不像”，用法如下： ①作介词：用于对比人或事物的差异，后接名词、代词或动名词短语 （1）接名词：Unlike his brother, he is quite outgoing.不像他哥哥，他非常外向。 （2）接代词：She is very unlike her in terms of personality.在性格方面，她和她大不相同。 （3）接动名词短语：Unlike staying at home, traveling can broaden our horizons. 和待在家里不同，旅行能拓宽我们的视野。 ②易混淆词辨析unlike vs dislike： unlike是介词，表“不同；不像”； dislike是动词/名词，表“不喜欢；厌恶” 【典例】 与以往不同，现在人们更多关注生活环境的改善。 ________ in the past, people now ________ ________ ________ ________ the improvement of their living environment. 【答案】Unlike; pay more attention to 【详解】1. “与以往不同”对应英文“Unlike in the past”，其中“unlike”是介词，用于引出对比的对象；2. “更多关注”对应固定搭配“pay more attention to”，其中“pay attention to”是固定短语，意为“关注，注意”，“more”用于修饰“attention”，表示“更多的”；3. 整个句子使用一般现在时，主语“people”是复数，所以动词“pay”用原形。 【即练1】 亲自参与让我感到平静，不像独自看视频。 Joining ________ ________ made me feel calm, ________ watching videos alone. 【答案】in person; unlike 【详解】“in person”是固定短语，意为“亲自”，在句中修饰“Joining”，符合“亲自参与”的表达；“unlike”作为介词，用于引出对比，此处将“亲自参与”和“独自看视频”进行对比，使句子逻辑通顺。 【即练2】 （ ）_________ my brother, I’m quite good at singing English songs, but he just _______ doing so. A．Unlike; likes B．Like; unlikes C．Unlike; dislikes D．Like; likes 【答案】C 【详解】根据“我擅长唱英文歌，但是他……”可知，这里存在对比关系，“unlike”用于引出对比的对象，符合语境；“dislikes”是“dislike”的第三人称单数形式，意为“不喜欢”，与前文“擅长”形成对比，所以选C选项。 9.Until you dig it out, you can’t tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not.在将其挖出之前，仅凭观察其细茎无法判断是否结过果。 【详解】bear vt.“结（果实）；开（花）；生（孩子）”，用法如下： ①表示“结（果实）；开（花）”时，主语通常是植物，常见搭配为“bear fruit/flowers”。 e.g.The apple tree bears a lot of fruit every autumn.这棵苹果树每年秋天结很多果实。 This kind of flower bears beautiful blossoms in spring.这种花在春天开出美丽的花朵。 ②表示“生（孩子）”时，主语通常是人或动物，常见搭配为“bear a child/babies”。 e.g.She bore a healthy baby boy last week.她上周生下了一个健康的男婴。 The panda bore two cubs in the zoo.这只熊猫在动物园里生下了两只幼崽。 ③作为及物动词，'bear'还有其他常见用法： 常见搭配为“bear sth./doing sth.”。 e.g.I can't bear the noise.（我无法忍受这种噪音。） bear的过去式为bore，过去分词born用于表示出生 e.g.She was born in 1990.她出生于1990年。 【典例】 She _______________ (bear) great pain without complaining. 【答案】bore 【详解】“bear”在这里表示“忍受”，根据句子语境，描述的是过去发生的动作，所以要用一般过去式“bore”。整句话的意思是“她毫无怨言地忍受了巨大的痛苦。” 【即练1】 My little sister was ___________ (bear) on a warm spring morning, and everyone in the family was happy. 【答案】born 【详解】“bear”作为动词，有“生育”的意思，其过去分词形式“born”常用于表示“出生”。在这个句子中，“My little sister was born...”表示“我的小妹妹出生在……”，是固定用法。 10.“Do you mean,” I asked, “compared with being useful, looking for attention and praise from others is not that important?”“您的意思是，”我问道，“与发挥实际作用相比，寻求他人的关注和赞美并不那么重要吗？” 【详解】compare vt.“比较；对比”，用法如下： ①其过去式和过去分词为compared,现在分词为comparing,名词形式为comparison,意为“比较；对比”。 ②常用结构：（1）把......与......比较 compare ...with...（常用于同类事物之间的比较） e.g.Compare this new phone with the old one, and you'll see which is better. （2）把......比作......compare ...to...（常用于异类事物之间的比较或比喻） e.g.The poet compared the woman's eyes to stars in the sky. 【典例】 The tallest buildings in London are small in ________ with New York’s skyscrapers. (compare) 【答案】comparison 【详解】本题考查固定搭配。“in comparison with”是固定短语，意为“与……相比”，符合句子语境。所以此处应填“comparison”。 【即练1】 We are often _________（compare）with our classmates. 【答案】compared 【详解】本题考查固定搭配和被动语态。“be compared with”是固定搭配，意为“与……相比较”。句子主语“We”和“compare”之间是被动关系，表示“我们被和同学们比较”，所以用过去分词“compared”。 【即练2】 当父母把孩子和尖子生做比较，他通常很烦恼。 When he ________________ top students by his parents, the kid usually feels annoyed. (compare) 【答案】is compared with 【详解】此处考查被动语态和固定搭配。句子主语 he 和 compare 之间是被动关系，即“他被父母和尖子生比较”，所以要用被动语态 be compared。“compare...with...”是固定搭配，意为“把……和……作比较”，符合句子语境。故答案为 is compared with。 11.And this is what I expect of you.这就是我对你的期望。 【详解】expect sth. of sb.“对某人抱有某种期望”，用法如下： ①核心含义：表示对某人有具体的期望、要求或标准，强调对方需要达到的目标或具备的品质。 ②结构解析：expect是及物动词，sth.是期望的具体内容（可以是行为、品质、成就等），of用于引出期望的对象sb. ③复习：expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事 【典例】 父母对我寄予厚望。 _______________________________________________________________. 【答案】My parents expect a lot of me. 【详解】考查固定搭配expect sth. of sb.，表示“对某人抱有某种期望”，“寄予厚望”可译为expect a lot of sb.，故答案为My parents expect a lot of me. 12.It feels like a hidden treasure, waiting to dig out.它宛如一件隐藏的珍宝，静候人们去发掘。 【详解】hidden adj.“隐藏的；隐匿的”，用法如下： ①核心含义与词源： hidden是hide的过去分词形式，用作形容词时表示“隐藏的、隐匿的”，强调某物被有意或无意地遮挡，不被轻易发现。 ②语法特征与词性转换： （1）作为形容词，hidden可作定语或表语， e.g. hidden treasure隐藏的宝藏 The truth is hidden from us真相被隐瞒 （2）作为动词hide的过去分词，可用于被动语态或完成时态， e.g.The spy was hidden in the attic间谍藏在阁楼上 She has hidden her feelings for years她多年来一直隐藏自己的感情 ③常见搭配与短语：hidden meaning隐含意义 【典例】 The children found a ________ (hide) treasure box under the big tree. 【答案】hidden 【详解】此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词短语"treasure box"，表示“隐藏的宝箱”。hide的过去分词形式hidden可以用作形容词，意为“隐藏的；隐秘的”，符合语境。故填hidden。 【即练1】 The kids ________ (hide) behind the tree to surprise their friend just now. 【答案】hid 【详解】根据句中的时间状语just now（刚才），可知句子要用一般过去时，hide的过去式是hid，故答案为hid。 【即练2】 There is a ________ (hide) secret in the book. 【答案】hidden 【详解】此处需要用形容词修饰名词secret，hide的过去分词hidden可以作形容词，表示‘隐藏的’，所以填hidden。 13.She nodded because she thinks teaching is very important to society.她点头表示认同，因为她认为教育对社会至关重要。 【详解】society n.“社会”，用法如下： ①作“社会”解时，泛指人类群体，为不可数名词，前面不加冠词；特指某一社会时为可数名词 ②衍生词：social社会的、sociology社会学、socialism社会主义 【典例】 In modern _________ (social), almost everyone has a mobile phone to stay connected with others. 【答案】society 【详解】此处需要填入social的名词形式society，构成固定搭配"modern society"，表示"现代社会"。social作为形容词，意为"社会的"，其名词形式society表示"社会"，符合句子语境。 【即练1】 尽你的最大努力成为一个对社会有用的人。 ________ ________ ________ to become a useful person to ________. 【答案】Try your best; society 【详解】“尽你的最大努力”译为 "Try your best"，是固定短语搭配；“社会”译为 "society"，在句中作介词 to 的宾语。 【即练2】 我们的社会依靠商品和服务的交换来获取金钱。 Our ________ ________ ________ trading goods and services for money. 【答案】society depends on 【详解】本题考查词汇和句子结构。“社会”对应的英文是“society”，“依靠”对应的英文短语是“depend on”，句子主语是“Our society”，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式“depends”。 14.She thinks helpfulness is an amazing quality.她认为乐于助人是一种了不起的品质。 【详解】helpfulness n.“乐于助人”，用法如下： ①基本释义：乐于助人，有益，有帮助的性质或状态 ②用法说明：作为不可数名词，通常用于描述人的品质或行为的有益性 ③词源追溯：源自helpful（有帮助的）+ -ness（名词后缀，表示性质或状态） 【典例】 他的乐于助人赢得了大家的尊重。 His ______ won everyone's respect. 【答案】helpfulness 【解析】“乐于助人”对应的英文名词是helpfulness，在句中作主语。 15.In my opinion, living well means finding your purpose in life. 在我看来，美好生活意味着找到人生的意义。 【详解】purpose n.（英/ˈpɜːpəs/，美/ˈpɜːrpəs/）“重要的意义；目的；意图”，用法如下： ①常用搭配： （1）on purpose 故意地；有意地 e.g.I think he did that on purpose to annoy me. （2）for the purpose of 为了……目的 e.g.The research was conducted for the purpose of finding a cure. （3）the purpose of ......的目的 e.g. The purpose of this meeting is to discuss our quarterly sales targets. ②近义词辨析： purpose 指心中怀着的目标，强调实现目标的决心 aim 指比较具体而明确的目标，但常指短期目标 goal 指经过考虑和选择，需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标 【典例】 连词成句 across，cultures，the purpose，festivals，is，to pass on，traditions，of，different，from，countries ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The purpose of festivals across different cultures is to pass on traditions from countries. 【详解】1. 确定句子主干：找到核心名词短语 "the purpose of festivals" 作为主语，系动词 "is" 和不定式短语 "to pass on traditions" 作为表语，构成主系表结构。2. 添加修饰成分：用介词短语 "across different cultures" 修饰 "festivals"，说明节日的范围；用介词短语 "from countries" 修饰 "traditions"，说明传统的来源。3. 调整语序：按照英语表达习惯，将修饰成分放在被修饰词的后面，最终组合成完整的句子。 【即练1】 这项新规定的目的是为了帮助学生健康地成长。  ________  ________  ________ the new rule is to help students grow up healthily. 【答案】The purpose of 【详解】1. 核心短语：the purpose of... 是固定搭配，表示“……的目的”，在句中作主语。2. 句子结构：本句是主系表结构，主语是The purpose of the new rule，系动词是is，表语是不定式短语to help students grow up healthily，作表语说明主语的内容。3. 词汇拓展：purpose常见搭配还有for the purpose of（为了……的目的）、on purpose（故意地）等。例如：He came here for the purpose of meeting his old friend.（他来这里是为了见他的老朋友。）She did it on purpose to make me angry.（她故意那样做来惹我生气。） 【即练2】 别生气，毕竟他不是故意打碎玻璃的。 Don’t be angry. After all, he didn’t break the glass ________  ________. 【答案】on purpose 【详解】on purpose是固定短语，意为“故意地；有意地”，在句中作状语，修饰动词break。例如：He didn't do it on purpose.（他不是故意做那件事的。）其反义词组为by accident或by chance，意为“偶然地；意外地”。 16.Fan is known to many as the “Daughter of Dunhuang” because she has devoted a large part of her life to researching and protecting the ancient Dunhuang caves.范女士被许多人誉为“敦煌的女儿”，因为她将生命中的大部分时间都奉献给了敦煌石窟的研究与保护工作。 【详解】devote v.“献身；致力；专心”，用法如下： ①常用固定搭配：（1）devote oneself to sth./doing sth. 致力于某事/做某事 e.g.He devoted himself to helping the poor.他致力于帮助穷人。 （2）be devoted to sth./sb. 热爱某事/某人；致力于某事 e.g.She is devoted to her family.她深爱自己的家人。 ②派生词：（1）devoted adj. 忠诚的；挚爱的；全心全意的 e.g.a devoted friend一位忠诚的朋友 （2）devotion n. 奉献；忠诚；热爱 e.g.her devotion to her children她对孩子们的热爱 【典例】 （ ）—Has he devoted the time ________ the disabled in the past years? —Yes. That is now considered to be ________ great value ________ him. A．to help; of; for B．to helping; /; to C．to help; in; of D．to helping; of; to 【答案】D 【详解】本题主要考查固定搭配和介词的用法。1. 第一空考查devote的固定搭配：devote sth. to doing sth. 意为“把……奉献于做某事”，其中to是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式，因此排除A、C选项。2. 第二空考查be of + 抽象名词的结构：be of great value 相当于 be very valuable，意为“很有价值”，是固定表达，因此排除B选项。3. 第三空考查介词to的用法：be of great value to sb. 意为“对某人很有价值”，to表示“对……来说”。 【即练1】 他致力于帮助贫困地区的留守儿童。 He ________ his spare time ________ ________ left-behind children in poor areas. 【答案】devotes; to; helping 【详解】1. 固定搭配：devote sth. to doing sth. 表示“把……致力于做某事”，其中to是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式。2. 时态和主谓一致：主语He是第三人称单数，且句子描述的是一般情况，所以谓语动词devote用第三人称单数形式devotes。3. 词汇拓展：devote的名词形式是devotion，形容词形式是devoted。4. 近义词辨析：devote强调“专注于”，dedicate强调“献身于”，commit强调“承诺做”。 【即练2】 She ________ (devote) most of her time to practicing the piano since she was five. 【答案】has devoted 【详解】本题考查现在完成时的用法。根据时间状语“since she was five”（自从她五岁起），表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。句子主语“She”是第三人称单数，所以助动词用“has”，“devote”的过去分词是“devoted”。“devote sth. to doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“把……致力于做某事”，这里“to”是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式。 一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示或首字母写出单词 1.Whether it's choosing a snack or a new phone,__________(比较)helps us pick the best option for our needs. 【答案】comparison 【详解】此处需要一个名词作主语，表示“比较”这一行为，comparison是compare的名词形式，符合句意。 2.Our school decided to turn the_________(未用过的)classroom on the second floor into a modern art studio for creative students. 【答案】unused 【详解】此处需要一个形容词修饰classroom，表示“未用过的”，unused符合句意。 3.The city park became very__________(有吸引力)to tourists after the local government planted thousands of colourful flowers along the paths. 【答案】attractive 【详解】此处需要一个形容词作表语，表示“有吸引力的”，attractive符合句意。 4.Doctors warned that working in such dirty__________(状态)could cause serious health problems for the factory workers in the future. 【答案】conditions 【详解】此处需要一个名词作介词in的宾语，表示“状态”，condition是可数名词，此处表示复数概念，所以用conditions。 5.With enough sunlight and water,the lemon trees in our garden will soon_________(结果实)fresh fruit for everyone to enjoy. 【答案】bear 【详解】此处需要一个动词作谓语，表示“结果实”，bear有“结果实”的意思，will后接动词原形，所以用bear。 6.After waiting for a c_________of minutes,the bus finally arrived,and all the tired passengers got on quickly. 【答案】couple 【详解】此处需要一个名词作介词for的宾语，表示“几个”，a couple of是固定短语，表示“几个”，符合句意。 7.It is a p_________that the famous historical museum had to close its doors due to a lack of money. 【答案】pity 【详解】此处需要一个名词作表语，表示“遗憾”，pity符合句意。 8.Many countries are trying to find new energy sources because relying too much on o_______can harm our planet seriously. 【答案】oil 【详解】此处需要一个名词作介词on的宾语，表示“石油”，oil符合句意。 9.The village held a big c__________to honour the farmers who worked hard all year to grow enough food for everyone. 【答案】celebration 【详解】此处需要一个名词作宾语，表示“庆祝活动”，celebration符合句意。 10.The archaeologists hope to d ________up more ancient tools to find out how people lived in the past. 【答案】dig 【详解】此处需要一个动词作谓语，表示“挖掘”，dig符合句意，hope to后接动词原形，所以用dig。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Project Hope has_________(success)sent many poor children to school recently. 【详解】此处需要一个副词来修饰动词sent，success的副词形式是successfully，表示"成功地" 【答案】successfully 2. It is better for you to knock at the door before________(enter)the teachers' office. 【详解】before是介词，后面接动词时需要用动名词形式，enter的动名词是entering 【答案】entering 3. Tan Dun makes music by__________(control)the speed of water flow. 【详解】by是介词，后面接动词时需要用动名词形式，control的动名词是controlling 【答案】controlling 4. After she cooked dinner,she went on________(wash)some clothes in the bathroom. 【详解】go on to do sth.表示做完一件事后继续做另一件事，此处用to wash 【答案】to wash 5. Have you ever thought about devoting all your life to________(support)different charities? 【详解】devote...to...中的to是介词，后面接动词时需要用动名词形式，support的动名词是supporting 【答案】supporting 6. (2025南京秦淮二模)Now we can use AI technology to help the________(miss)children return home. 【详解】此处需要一个形容词来修饰children，miss的形容词形式是missing，表示"失踪的" 【答案】missing 7. The volunteers added some bright lights and loud music to make the dance show much_______(excite). 【详解】much用来修饰形容词的比较级，excite的形容词比较级是more exciting 【答案】more exciting 8.(2025南京鼓楼二模)Using snakes as medicine has a long history in China and it_______(record)in detail in many Chinese medicine books. 【详解】it指代前面的"Using snakes as medicine"，与record之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态is recorded 【答案】is recorded 三、单项填空 （ ）1.Life is like climbing a mountain._____you may feel tired,you will enjoy the beautiful view at the top of the mountain. A.Since B.Unless C.Though D.Because 【答案】C 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：生活就像爬山。虽然你可能会觉得累，但你会在山顶欣赏美丽的景色。Since意为“自从；因为”；Unless意为“除非”；Though意为“虽然，尽管”；Because意为“因为”。根据句意可知，前后句之间是转折关系，应用Though引导让步状语从句。 （ ）2.(2026南京玄武期末)—I have no idea how to improve my English listening skills. —Why not_____asking your teachers for help? A.require B.imagine C.consider D.prefer 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：——我不知道如何提高我的英语听力技能。——为什么不考虑向你的老师求助呢？require意为“需要；要求”；imagine意为“想象”；consider意为“考虑”，consider doing sth.意为“考虑做某事”；prefer意为“更喜欢”。根据句意可知，此处表示“考虑向老师求助”，应用consider。 （ ）3.(2026南京玄武期末)—Why are most school desks light blue? —I guess it's______because light blue makes students calm. A.hardly B.probably C.peacefully D.highly 【答案】B 【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：——为什么大多数学校的课桌是浅蓝色的？——我猜可能是因为浅蓝色能让学生们平静下来。hardly意为“几乎不”；probably意为“可能，大概”；peacefully意为“平静地；和平地”；highly意为“高度地；非常”。根据“I guess”可知，此处表示猜测，应用probably。 （ ）4.—Oriental white storks(东方白鹳)are a rare kind of bird now. —Yes.But they used to be very_______in East Asia and could be seen everywhere. A.traditional B.valuable C.strange D.common 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：——东方白鹳现在是一种稀有的鸟类。——是的。但它们过去在东亚非常常见，随处可见。traditional意为“传统的”；valuable意为“有价值的”；strange意为“奇怪的；陌生的”；common意为“常见的；普遍的”。根据“but”可知，前后句之间是转折关系，结合“could be seen everywhere”可知，过去东方白鹳是常见的，应用common。 4、 根据汉语补全或翻译句子 1. 真遗憾，工人们为了修建新路，不得不挖出那些古老的树木。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It's a pity that the workers have to dig out those ancient trees to build the new road. 【详解】本题考查汉译英。“It's a pity that...”是固定句型，意为“真遗憾……”；“dig out”意为“挖出”；“to build the new road”是动词不定式作目的状语，意为“为了修建新路”。故答案为：It's a pity that the workers have to dig out those ancient trees to build the new road. 2. 在决定购买哪双鞋子之前，我们最好先去几家商店比较一下价格。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We'd better compare prices in several stores before deciding which pair of shoes to buy. 【详解】本题考查汉译英。“had better do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“最好做某事”；“compare prices”意为“比较价格”；“before deciding which pair of shoes to buy”是“before”引导的时间状语从句，意为“在决定购买哪双鞋子之前”。故答案为：We'd better compare prices in several stores before deciding which pair of shoes to buy. 3. 与那些开花但从未结果的植物不同，这棵老树每年都能结出大量的果实。 ____________________that bloom but____________________,this old tree produces plenty of fruit every year. 【答案】Unlike plants; never bear fruit 【详解】本题考查汉译英。“Unlike”是介词，意为“与……不同”；“bear fruit”意为“结果实”；“that bloom but never bear fruit”是定语从句，修饰先行词“plants”，意为“开花但从未结果的”。故答案为：Unlike plants; never bear fruit 4. 父母通常对子女寄予厚望，希望他们能考上一所好高中。 __________________________,hoping______________________________________________________. 【答案】Parents usually have high expectations for their children; they can be admitted to a good high school 【详解】本题考查汉译英。“have high expectations for”是固定表达，意为“对……寄予厚望”；“hoping they can be admitted to a good high school”是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中“they can be admitted to a good high school”是宾语从句，作“hoping”的宾语；“be admitted to”意为“被……录取”。故答案为：Parents usually have high expectations for their children; they can be admitted to a good high school 5. 当机会来临时，不要害怕带头，因为你身上可能隐藏着领导才能。 When the opportunity comes,__________________________,because____________________________leadership talents. 【答案】don't be afraid to take the lead; you may have hidden 【详解】本题考查汉译英。“don't be afraid to take the lead”是祈使句，意为“不要害怕带头”；“take the lead”意为“带头”；“because you may have hidden leadership talents”是“because”引导的原因状语从句，意为“因为你身上可能隐藏着领导才能”。故答案为：don't be afraid to take the lead; you may have hidden 五、完型填空 Hi! My name is Adam and I’m a freshman in senior high school. Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big difficulty. The first week was a little ____11____. First, I had to think very carefully about which ____12____ I wanted to take. I spent hours looking through the course list, marking possible choices with a yellow marker and crossing out (删掉) ones that didn’t ____13____ my schedule, until my desk was covered in crumpled notes. The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones: Maths, English, Chemistry, World History, and Chinese. I know that Chinese is a very ____14____ language, but I hope to be fluent and get an A when I graduate. My adviser recommended I sign up for advanced literature since I like English and I’m good at it. I had to choose extra-curricular activities, too. I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. During the tryout, I ____15____ an important pass that would have made a goal. The coach said I had courage but needed more practice, which hurt more than I wanted to say. There is no doubt that I was unhappy, but I won’t stop trying. I’ll find a way to ____16____ on my own so that I can make the team next year. I joined a volunteer club instead. Every Wednesday, we work at a soup kitchen and ____17____ food to homeless people in the community. Last week, I was serving hot soup ____18____ the old man began telling me his army stories, and the work suddenly allowed me to meet more people from different backgrounds. I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. I’m a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course, ____19____ since some of them already seem to know the material really well, and it’ll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework. Still, I’m ____20____ to be here. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future. 11. A. peaceful B. boring C. colourful D. challenging 12. A. tasks B. courses C. hobbies D. methods 13. A. fail B. mix C. fit D. mention 14. A. simple B. ancient C. difficult D. practical 15. A. received B. caught C. kicked D. missed 16. A. decide B. finish C. improve D. promise 17. A. hand out B. pick up C. put away D. try out 18. A. which B. when C. after D. that 19. A. finally B. greatly C. hardly D. especially 20. A. calm B. pleased C. stressed D. lonely 【答案】11. D 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Adam从初中升入高中，面临着诸多挑战。他需要仔细选择课程，参加课外活动，还要适应高中更繁重的学习任务。尽管过程充满困难，但他依然积极面对，对未来充满期待。 【11题详解】 句意：第一周有点具有挑战性。 peaceful平静的；boring无聊的；colourful多彩的；challenging具有挑战性的。根据“Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big difficulty.”可知，从初中升入高中是困难的，所以第一周是具有挑战性的。故选D。 【12题详解】 句意：首先，我必须仔细考虑我想选哪些课程。 tasks任务；courses课程；hobbies爱好；methods方法。根据“I spent hours looking through the course list...”可知，是在考虑选哪些课程。故选B。 【13题详解】 句意：我花了几个小时浏览课程列表，用黄色记号笔标记可能的选择，并划掉那些不适合我时间表的课程，直到我的桌子上堆满了皱巴巴的笔记。 fail失败；mix混合；fit适合；mention提及。根据“crossing out (删掉) ones that didn’t...my schedule”可知，是划掉不适合自己时间表的课程。故选C。 【14题详解】 句意：我知道中文是一门非常难的语言，但我希望毕业时能说得很流利并得到A。 simple简单的；ancient古老的；difficult困难的；practical实用的。根据“but I hope to be fluent and get an A when I graduate”可知，中文很难，但希望能学好。故选C。 【15题详解】 句意：在选拔赛中，我错过了一个本可以进球的重要传球。 received收到；caught抓住；kicked踢；missed错过。根据“an important pass that would have made a goal”可知，是错过了进球的传球。故选D。 【16题详解】 句意：我会自己想办法提高，这样明年我就能加入球队了。 decide决定；finish完成；improve提高；promise承诺。根据“so that I can make the team next year”可知，是为了明年能加入球队，所以要提高自己。故选C。 【17题详解】 句意：每个星期三，我们在施粥所工作，给社区里无家可归的人分发食物。 hand out分发；pick up捡起；put away收起来；try out尝试。根据“food to homeless people in the community”可知，是给无家可归的人分发食物。故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：上周，当我正在给一位老人端热汤时，他开始给我讲他的军队故事，这份工作突然让我认识了更多来自不同背景的人。 which哪个；when当……时候；after在……之后；that那个。根据“I was serving hot soup...the old man began telling me his army stories”可知，是当正在端汤时，老人开始讲故事，用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：我有点担心在我的高级课程中跟不上其他学生，尤其是因为他们中的一些人似乎已经对材料掌握得很好，而且要适应所有的家庭作业会相当困难。 finally最终；greatly非常；hardly几乎不；especially尤其。根据“since some of them already seem to know the material really well”可知，前后是递进关系，用especially表示“尤其”。故选D。 【20题详解】 句意：不过，我很高兴能来到这里。 calm平静的；pleased高兴的；stressed有压力的；lonely孤独的。根据“Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future.”可知，尽管学习不总是有趣的，但对未来做好了准备，所以是高兴来到这里。故选B。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $