内容正文:
鲁教版七下英语 Unit 1 Same or Different?单元知识清单
背诵版
目录
一 重点词汇解析 2
二 重点词汇与短语 2
三 语法部分 4
3.1 形容词与副词的比较级和最高级 4
3.2练习题 5
3.3 “as + 原级 + as” 结构 5
3.4练习题 6
四 单元写作指导 6
4.1 写作框架 6
4.2 参考范文(中英文对照) 7
4.3 高分表达汇总 7
五 单元知识思维导图 8
一、 重点词汇解析
· outgoing→ outgoingness (n.)
搭配:be outgoing with sb.(对某人外向)
例句:She is more outgoing with her friends than with strangers.
她对朋友比对陌生人更外向。
· shy→ shyness (n.)
搭配:feel shy about doing sth.(因做某事而感到害羞)
例句:He felt shy about speaking in front of the class. 他在全班面前讲话时感到害羞。
· hard-working→ hard work (n.)
搭配:put in hard work(付出努力)
例句:Success comes from hard work and persistence. 成功来自努力和坚持。
· funny→ fun (n.), funnier/funniest (adj.)
搭配:have fun doing sth.(做某事很开心)
例句:We had fun playing basketball after school. 放学后我们打篮球玩得很开心。
· serious→ seriousness (n.)
搭配:take sth. seriously(认真对待某事)
例句:You should take your studies more seriously. 你应该更认真地对待你的学习。
· lazy→ laziness (n.)
搭配:be lazy about sth.(对某事懒惰)
例句:Many people say I’m lazier than Emma, but that’s not true!
很多人说我比艾玛懒,但那不是真的!
二、 重点词汇与短语
· compare v. 比较
例句:Don’t compare yourself to others; just focus on your own progress.
不要拿自己和别人比较,专注于自己的进步就好。
· have sth in common 有共同之处
例句:Tom and I have a lot in common—we both love music and sports.
我和汤姆有很多共同点——我们都喜欢音乐和运动。
· be similar to 与……相似
例句:Her handwriting is very similar to mine. 她的字迹和我的很像。
· work as hard as 和……一样努力
例句:I know you’re busy, but I work as hard as you do.
我知道你很忙,但我跟你一样努力。
· attend v. 参加;出席
例句:You attended the festival last year and will attend it this year.
你去年和今年都参加了这个节日。
· besides prep. 除……之外(还)
例句:Besides singing, how do you spend your spare time?
除了唱歌,你还怎么度过空闲时间?
· spare time 空闲时间
例句:I enjoy reading books in my spare time.
我喜欢在空闲时间读书。
· personality n. 性格;个性
例句:A good friend has a kind personality.
一个好朋友拥有善良的性格。
· difference n. 差异
例句:We are different in many ways, but together, we make a great team!
我们在很多方面不同,但我们是一个很棒的团队!
· lend a hand 帮助某人
例句:True friends are always ready to lend a hand when needed.
真正的朋友总是在需要时伸出援手。
三、 语法部分
3.1 形容词与副词的比较级和最高级
1 概念:用于比较两个人或事物在某一特征上的程度差异。当涉及两者之间的比较时使用比较级,三者及以上则使用最高级。
2 结构特征:
· 比较级结构:主语 + be动词/实义动词 + 形容词/副词比较级 + than...
例句:Emma is taller than Ella.
· 最高级结构:主语 + be动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 范围(in/of...)
例句:The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
③规则变化总结
类型
构成方式
示例
单音节词
+er / +est
tall → taller → tallest
以e结尾
+r / +st
large → larger → largest
重读闭音节末尾一个辅音字母
双写+er/est
big → bigger → biggest
“辅音+y”结尾
y→i+er/est
easy → easier → easiest
多音节词
more/most + 原级
beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful
④不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/badly
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
⑤使用场景:适用于描述身高、体重、性格、能力、喜好等方面的对比。
例句
· Ella dances better than her sister, but she sings as loudly as her.
· 埃拉跳舞比她姐姐跳得好,但是她唱歌的音量和她姐姐一样大。
(副词比较级better修饰dance,as...as结构表示唱歌声音相同)
· This year’s festival is more colourful than last year’s.今年的节日庆典比去年更加丰富多彩。
(多音节形容词colourful前加more构成比较级)
3.2练习题
1. Peter is ________ (outgoing) than his brother.
2. This year’s festival is ________ (colourful) than last year’s.
3. Who is the ________ (good) singer in your class?
4. My sister gets up ________ (early) than I every day.
5. Jack doesn’t run as ________ (fast) as Mike.
[答案与解析]
1. more outgoing— outgoing是多音节形容词,比较级需用more修饰。
2. more colourful— 同上,多音节形容词前加more。
3. best— 表示“班级里最好的”,属于三者以上比较,应用最高级。
4. earlier— early以“辅音+y”结尾,变比较级时y→i再加-er。
5. fast— as...as结构中应使用原级,不发生变化。
3.3 “as + 原级 + as” 结构
概念:该结构用于表达两个事物在某一方面的程度相等。“not as/so + 原级 + as” 则表示前者不如后者。
否定形式:
· not as/so + 形容词/副词原级 + as
例句:It is not as warm today as yesterday.今天没有昨天暖和。
例句
· He works as hard as his classmates.他和同学们学习一样刻苦。
(肯定句,强调他和同学一样努力)
· She doesn’t speak English as well as her teacher.她的英语说得不如她的老师好。
(否定句,副词well的同级比较)
3.4练习题
1. I don’t think Lily is as ________ (tall) as Sarah.
2. He works ________ (hard) as his classmates.
3. This book isn’t ________ (interesting) that one.
4. She speaks English ________ (well) her teacher.
5. They didn’t enjoy the trip ________ (much) we did.
[答案与解析]
1. tall— 否定句中使用as...as结构,中间填原级。
2. as hard— 肯定句,“和……一样努力”。
3. as interesting as— 完整否定结构为“not as...as”,缺两个部分。
4. as well as— 副词well的同级比较结构。
5. as much as— 表示“享受的程度不如我们”。
四、单元写作指导
4.1 写作框架
本单元写作主题为:“My Best Friend and Me: Similarities and Differences”。推荐采用以下四段式结构:
1. 引言段:介绍你的好朋友及其重要性。
2. 主体段一:描述你们之间的共同点(如兴趣爱好、价值观等)。
3. 主体段二:描述你们的不同点(如性格、生活习惯等)。
4. 结论段:总结友谊的意义,强调差异让彼此成长。
小贴士:你可以这样组织句子逻辑——先说“我们都有什么相同”,再说“但在某些方面我很不一样”,最后升华到“正是这些不同让我们互补”。
4.2 参考范文(中英文对照)
中文:
我最好的朋友叫李明。我们有许多共同爱好,比如都喜欢打篮球和听流行音乐。但我们也有不同之处。他比我更外向,总能在聚会上带动气氛。而我比较安静,喜欢读书。虽然我们性格不同,但这让我们能互相学习。他是我真正的朋友。
English:
My best friend is Li Ming. We have many things in common, such as playing basketball and listening to pop music. However, we also have differences. He is more outgoing than me and always brings energy to parties. I am quieter and enjoy reading books. Although we are different, this allows us to learn from each other. He is my true friend.
4.3 高分表达汇总
亮点句型
· A good friend is like a mirror. 好朋友就像一面镜子。
· We may be different, but we make a great team. 我们虽不同,却是绝佳搭档。
· True friendship means accepting each other’s differences. 真正的友谊意味着接受彼此的不同。
高频短语
· have a lot in common有许多共同之处
· be different from与……不同
· care about each other互相关心
· lend a hand伸出援手
· share interests/hobbies拥有共同的兴趣爱好
通用写作模板
When it comes to friends, I believe similarities help us connect, while differences help us grow. For example, my best friend and I both love sports, but he is more active while I prefer quiet activities. Even though we are not alike in everything, our friendship teaches me how to balance fun and peace.
五、单元知识思维导图
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鲁教版七下英语 Unit 1 Same or Different?单元知识清单
默写版
目录
一 重点词汇解析 2
二 重点词汇与短语 2
三 语法部分 4
3.1 形容词与副词的比较级和最高级 4
3.2练习题 5
3.3 “as + 原级 + as” 结构 5
3.4练习题 6
四 单元写作指导 6
4.1 写作框架 6
4.2 参考范文(中英文对照) 6
4.3 高分表达汇总 7
五 单元知识思维导图 8
一、 重点词汇解析
· outgoing→ (n.)
搭配:be outgoing with sb.(对某人外向)
例句:She is with her friends than with strangers.
她对朋友比对陌生人更外向。
· shy→ (n.)
搭配:feel shy about doing sth.(因做某事而感到害羞)
例句:He felt about in front of the class. 他在全班面前讲话时感到害羞。
· hard-working→ (n.)
搭配:put in hard work(付出努力)
例句:Success comes from and persistence. 成功来自努力和坚持。
· funny→ (n.), (adj.)
搭配:have fun doing sth.(做某事很开心)
例句:We had fun basketball after school. 放学后我们打篮球玩得很开心。
· serious→ (n.)
搭配:take sth. seriously(认真对待某事)
例句:You should take your studies more seriously. 你应该更认真地对待你的学习。
· lazy→ (n.)
搭配:be lazy about sth.(对某事懒惰)
例句:Many people say I’m than Emma, but that’s not true!
很多人说我比艾玛懒,但那不是真的!
二、 重点词汇与短语
· compare v. 比较
例句:Don’t yourself to others; just focus on your own progress.
不要拿自己和别人比较,专注于自己的进步就好。
· have sth in common 有共同之处
例句:Tom and I have a lot —we both love music and sports.
我和汤姆有很多共同点——我们都喜欢音乐和运动。
· be similar to 与……相似
例句:Her handwriting is very mine. 她的字迹和我的很像。
· work as hard as 和……一样努力
例句:I know you’re busy, but I work you do.
我知道你很忙,但我跟你一样努力。
· attend v. 参加;出席
例句:You the festival last year and it this year.
你去年和今年都参加了这个节日。
· besides prep. 除……之外(还)
例句: singing, how do you spend your spare time?
除了唱歌,你还怎么度过空闲时间?
· spare time 空闲时间
例句:I enjoy reading books in my .
我喜欢在空闲时间读书。
· personality n. 性格;个性
例句:A good friend has a kind .
一个好朋友拥有善良的性格。
· difference n. 差异
例句:We are in many ways, but together, we make a great team!
我们在很多方面不同,但我们是一个很棒的团队!
· lend a hand 帮助某人
例句:True friends are always ready to a hand when needed.
真正的朋友总是在需要时伸出援手。
三、 语法部分
3.1 形容词与副词的比较级和最高级
1 概念:用于比较两个人或事物在某一特征上的程度差异。当涉及两者之间的比较时使用比较级,三者及以上则使用最高级。
2 结构特征:
· 比较级结构:主语 + be动词/实义动词 + 形容词/副词比较级 + than...
例句:Emma is than Ella.
· 最高级结构:主语 + be动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 范围(in/of...)
例句:The cheetah runs the among all land animals.
③规则变化总结
类型
构成方式
示例
单音节词
+er / +est
tall → taller → tallest
以e结尾
+r / +st
large → larger → largest
重读闭音节末尾一个辅音字母
双写+er/est
big → bigger → biggest
“辅音+y”结尾
y→i+er/est
easy → easier → easiest
多音节词
more/most + 原级
beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful
④不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/badly
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
⑤使用场景:适用于描述身高、体重、性格、能力、喜好等方面的对比。
例句
· Ella dances than her sister, but she sings as as her.
· 埃拉跳舞比她姐姐跳得好,但是她唱歌的音量和她姐姐一样大。
(副词比较级better修饰dance,as...as结构表示唱歌声音相同)
· This year’s festival is than last year’s.今年的节日庆典比去年更加丰富多彩。
(多音节形容词colourful前加more构成比较级)
3.2练习题
1. Peter is ________ (outgoing) than his brother.
2. This year’s festival is ________ (colourful) than last year’s.
3. Who is the ________ (good) singer in your class?
4. My sister gets up ________ (early) than I every day.
5. Jack doesn’t run as ________ (fast) as Mike.
3.3 “as + 原级 + as” 结构
概念:该结构用于表达两个事物在某一方面的程度相等。“not as/so + 原级 + as” 则表示前者不如后者。
否定形式:
· not as/so + 形容词/副词原级 + as
例句:It is not as today as yesterday.今天没有昨天暖和。
例句
· He works as as his classmates.他和同学们学习一样刻苦。
(肯定句,强调他和同学一样努力)
· She doesn’t speak English as as her teacher.她的英语说得不如她的老师好。
(否定句,副词well的同级比较)
3.4练习题
1. I don’t think Lily is as ________ (tall) as Sarah.
2. He works ________ (hard) as his classmates.
3. This book isn’t ________ (interesting) that one.
4. She speaks English ________ (well) her teacher.
5. They didn’t enjoy the trip ________ (much) we did.
四、 单元写作指导
4.1 写作框架
本单元写作主题为:“My Best Friend and Me: Similarities and Differences”。推荐采用以下四段式结构:
1. 引言段:介绍你的好朋友及其重要性。
2. 主体段一:描述你们之间的共同点(如兴趣爱好、价值观等)。
3. 主体段二:描述你们的不同点(如性格、生活习惯等)。
4. 结论段:总结友谊的意义,强调差异让彼此成长。
小贴士:你可以这样组织句子逻辑——先说“我们都有什么相同”,再说“但在某些方面我很不一样”,最后升华到“正是这些不同让我们互补”。
4.2 参考范文(中英文对照)
中文:
我最好的朋友叫李明。我们有许多共同爱好,比如都喜欢打篮球和听流行音乐。但我们也有不同之处。他比我更外向,总能在聚会上带动气氛。而我比较安静,喜欢读书。虽然我们性格不同,但这让我们能互相学习。他是我真正的朋友。
English:
My best friend is Li Ming. We have many things in common, such as playing basketball and listening to pop music. However, we also have differences. He is more outgoing than me and always brings energy to parties. I am quieter and enjoy reading books. Although we are different, this allows us to learn from each other. He is my true friend.
4.3 高分表达汇总
亮点句型
· A good friend is like a mirror. 好朋友就像一面镜子。
· We may be different, but we make a great team. 我们虽不同,却是绝佳搭档。
· True friendship means accepting each other’s differences. 真正的友谊意味着接受彼此的不同。
高频短语
· have a lot in common有许多共同之处
· be different from与……不同
· care about each other互相关心
· lend a hand伸出援手
· share interests/hobbies拥有共同的兴趣爱好
通用写作模板
When it comes to friends, I believe similarities help us connect, while differences help us grow. For example, my best friend and I both love sports, but he is more active while I prefer quiet activities. Even though we are not alike in everything, our friendship teaches me how to balance fun and peace.
五、 单元知识思维导图
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