选择性必修第二册 Unit 3 FOOD AND CULTURE（word练习）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习课时作业（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与社会/自我”主题，整合阅读、语法、写作模块，通过不同文体（记叙文、说明文等）系统训练语言理解与表达能力，渗透文化意识与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇（记叙文+说明文）|主题聚焦饮食文化与健康，考查细节理解、推理判断及作者态度|从人物故事到现象说明，构建“文化现象-社会影响”认知链条| |阅读七选五|1篇说明文|围绕“适度饮食”，考查上下文逻辑衔接|以“方法指导”为主线，衔接行为建议与情感管理| |语法填空|1篇说明文|介绍兰州牛肉面国际化，考查冠词、非谓语等语法点|通过文化传播案例，串联语法规则与语境应用| |应用文写作|1篇申请信|以“茶文化交流”为情境，考查书信格式与要点表达|结合文化主题，实现语言输出与跨文化沟通能力统一|

Unit 3　FOOD AND CULTURE ●ⅠA 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了Alice Waters受法国美食文化启发,创立Chez Panisse餐厅并坚持慢食理念,以及她通过Edible Schoolyard Project推广食物教育,倡导慢食价值观,影响全球餐饮与教育领域。 1.B　细节理解题。 根据第二段“But living in France for a year changed everything. Waters fell in love with good food and the care people took over its sourcing and cooking.”可知,Alice Waters对食物的热情是受到她在法国生活的启发。故选B项。 2.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The schoolyard represents…responsibility, ecology, science, maths, language and history.”可知,Edible Schoolyard Project的目的是通过种植食物,让学生了解社会责任、生态、科学、数学、语言和历史学科的知识,并培养社会价值观。故选C项。 3.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘The food we eat,’ she says, ‘teaches us the values that we live by.’”可知,Alice Waters认为食物可以塑造人们的价值观。故选A项。 4.A　推理判断题。根据第三段“But Waters continued on undeterred (毫不气馁).”以及倒数第三段“The project started…worldwide are following Waters’ original model.”可知,Alice Waters 在面对餐厅运营困难时毫不气馁,并且她通过Edible Schoolyard Project创造性地将食物与教育结合,推广慢食价值观。这表明她既具有坚持到底的精神,又富有创造性。故选A项。 B 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了当下流行的间歇性禁食减肥法,包括其具体方式、优点、在减肥效果及其他健康益处方面的研究情况以及存在的风险。 5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,“5—2 饮食法” 每周有两天严格限制饮食,其余五天无限制,即一周大部分时间允许正常饮食。故选 D 项。 6.C　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“As a weight-loss strategy, intermittent fasting has several things going for it. One is that it is uncomplicated.”可知,间歇性禁食受欢迎是因为它不需要复杂的饮食计划。故选C项。 7.A　推理判断题。根据第五段 “Dr Collins’ team…has published a randomised-control trial suggesting that intermittent fasting improves the metabolism of fats more than ordinary dieting does. A review paper…concluded that intermittent fasting was slightly better than ordinary dieting for overweight people…improving levels of cholesterol(胆固醇) and insulin(胰岛素).” 可知,该段列举了两项研究结果,均为间歇性禁食可能存在的健康益处提供了科学依据。据此推知,其目的是呈现科学证据。故选 A 项。 8.C　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,第三段提到间歇性禁食的减重效果“数据有限、结果不一”,第四段指出其对人体的影响“不确定”,第五段说明可能的健康益处,第六段提及“存在风险”。由此可知,作者既提到其优点,也指出局限性,态度客观。据此推知,作者的态度是谨慎的。故选 C 项。 ●Ⅱ【文章大意】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了适度饮食。 1.F　上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your…too full.”指出,进餐时不要吃太饱,吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.”指出,适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说,适度意味着比我们现在吃的要少。”解释了何为适量饮食,承上启下,符合文意,选项中的means与下文呼应。故选F项。 2.C　根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down…something to eat in between meetings.”可推知,本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽,不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文,符合文意。故选C项。 3.E　上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies.”指出,如果随时都有不健康的食物在手,要适度饮食就更具有挑战性,E项“相反,让自己周围充满健康的选择。”符合文意,建议读者选择健康的食物,选项中的healthy与上文中的unhealthy相对应。故选E项。 4.B　根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating.”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.”可推知,本段主要建议读者不要情绪化地暴饮暴食,要健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪,符合语境。故选B项。 5.A　设空处位于段首,总结全段,下文“A healthy breakfast can…the next morning.”指出,我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。 ●Ⅲ【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了兰州牛肉面这一原本鲜为人知的中国西北菜肴,如今如何在全球范围内赢得人们的喜爱。 1.how　考查宾语从句。此处为宾语从句的引导词,宾语从句中缺少方式状语,用how引导。故填how。 2.cities　考查名词复数。根据like New York, London, and Sydney可知,此处指多个城市,用名词的复数形式。故填cities。 3.it　考查代词。指代上文的the dish,用代词it。故填it。 4.before　考查介词。表示“在……面前”,用介词before。故填before。 5.impressively　考查副词。修饰形容词chewy用副词impressively,意为“令人印象深刻地”。故填impressively。 6.Cooked　考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词,被修饰词the soup和动词cook之间为逻辑上的被动关系,用过去分词形式作状语,单词位于句首首字母要大写。故填Cooked。 7.that/which　考查定语从句。此处为定语从句的关系词,先行词为a version,在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 8.to suit　考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作目的状语,用动词不定式形式。故填to suit。 9.bridges　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据主句时态可知,从句时态为一般现在时;主语sharing food是单数,和动词bridge之间为主动关系且谓语动词用单数。故填bridges。 10.telling　考查非谓语动词。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构,宾语each bowl和动词tell之间为逻辑上的主动关系,用现在分词形式作宾补。故填telling。 ●ⅣOne possible version: Dear Sir or Madam,  My name is Li Hua. I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese and foreign students’ exchange activity themed “tea-culture” (过去分词短语作定语). During my time serving as a language assistant at an international organization (v.-ing作定语), I was lucky to gain valuable experience. This role not only boosted my confidence in English communication but also sharpened my teamwork and problem-solving skills (not only…but also连接句子). Moreover, as an tea enthusiast, I have extensive knowledge of tea, ranging from its varieties to brewing techniques (v.-ing短语作定语). This background makes me well-prepared to be an effective volunteer for this event. I would be truly thankful if you could offer me the chance to contribute to this cultural bridge (条件状语从句). Thanks for your consideration. Yours sincerely,  Li Hua  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3　FOOD AND CULTURE (限时:35分钟) 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 ●Ⅰ 阅读理解 A [2025·吉林省吉林市高三四模] 文体:记叙文　主题:人与社会　词数:340 Today, the concept of “simple and seasonal” seems to be everywhere. Even McDonald’s tries to convince us it’s on board. But Alice Waters who has changed the face of American dining was saying it about 50 years ago, when Chez Panisse first opened in Berkeley. Growing up in New Jersey, she went to the University of California, Berkeley, only because her closest friends were going, and she didn’t have a clear aim. But living in France for a year changed everything. Waters fell in love with good food and the care people took over its sourcing and cooking. “I took my slow food values—everyone should have access to good food, and growers are properly valued—from 1960s France,” she says. Back in California, all Waters wanted to do was cook. The dream of opening a restaurant began to take shape. When Chez Panisse eventually opened, with dinner cooked and served by a team with no training, it was a nightmare. Guests waited ages for their food. “A clown show” is how one chef described it. But Waters continued on undeterred (毫不气馁). Since 1971, Chez Panisse’s was seldom expanded. Waters has always resisted making it bigger since that might weaken the Chez Panisse brand. Her Edible Schoolyard Project, however, has been intentionally spread out. The project started when Waters turned a concrete wasteland at a Berkeley school into a garden for teaching about food. Today, over 2,000 schools worldwide are following Waters’ original model. The schoolyard represents everything Alice Waters stands for and acts as a cornerstone, promoting both educational and personal growth. The food here is grown slowly and naturally by hand. It sparks ideas about social responsibility, ecology, science, maths, language and history. Waters continues to fight for slow food values in a fast-food culture. She is also a “counter-culture cook” who wants everyone to have access to good food, and not just because it tastes better. “The food we eat,” she says, “teaches us the values that we live by.” (　)1.What inspired Waters’ passion for food? A.Her education at the University of California. B.Her experience of living in France. C.The influence of her friends in New Jersey. D.The success of Chez Panisse in Berkeley. (　)2.What does the Edible Schoolyard Project want students to develop? A.Fast-food culture and modern cooking techniques. B.Business management and brand expansion. C.Knowledge across subjects and social values. D.Restaurant operation and customer service. (　)3.What does Alice Waters believe food can do according to the last paragraph? A.Shape people’s values. B.Improve cooking skills. C.Increase fast-food sales. D.Reduce environmental problems. (　)4.Which of the following best describes Alice Waters? A.Persistent and creative. B.Ambitious and greedy. C.Traditional and conservative. D.Kind and rigid. B [2025·河北石家庄市NT20名校联合体高三二模] 文体:说明文　主题:人与社会　词数:366 Diets come and diets go. One of the most popular today is “intermittent fasting” in which, as the name suggests, the idea is to limit one’s food intake to certain time windows. One popular variant, the “5-2 diet”, requires people to eat either very small amounts, or nothing at all, on two days a week, but places no restrictions on the other five. As a weight-loss strategy, intermittent fasting has several things going for it. One is that it is uncomplicated. There is no need to weigh the ingredients of every meal, as some diets demand, nor to change what you eat completely. Limiting the restrictions to a couple of days a week, or several hours a day also requires less willpower, which might make it easier to stick with. Working out whether that actually translates into greater weight loss than other diets is difficult. Most studies find limited data and mixed results. The general conclusion, says dietitian Nichola Ludlam-Raine, is that intermittent fasting seems to work roughly as well for weight loss as traditional calorie-counting does. Intermittent fasting may offer other health benefits. Animal studies suggest that fasting can extend lifetime by up to 40%, slow aging, and improve metabolic (新陈代谢) health. Whether similar effects occur in humans is uncertain. While there may be potential benefits, human trials are not workable. “When we say calorie restriction, we mean nearly starving the animals,” notes Adam Collins, a nutrition researcher at the University of Surrey. That leaves scientists reliant, for now, on smallish, short-lived studies. Dr Collins’ team, for instance, has published a randomised-control trial suggesting that intermittent fasting improves the metabolism of fats more than ordinary dieting does. A review paper published in April 2024 looked at 23 other studies and concluded that intermittent fasting was slightly better than ordinary dieting for overweight people when it came to improving levels of cholesterol (胆固醇) and insulin (胰岛素). There are also risks. A study in mice published in Nature in October 2024 found that severe fasting had downsides, including muscle mass loss and, possibly, weakened immune systems. Moderation, too, should be taken in moderation. (　)5.What is a feature of the“5-2 diet” in intermittent fasting? A.It needs continuous calorie-counting. B.It restricts food intake for five days monthly. C.It demands strict food weighing on weekends. D.It allows normal eating on most days of the week. (　)6.Why is intermittent fasting gaining popularity? A.It combines with regular exercise. B.It needs little willpower. C.It requires no complex meal plans. D.It promises rapid weight loss. (　)7.What is the purpose of writing Paragraph 5? A.To present scientific evidence. B.To provide identical assumptions. C.To add background information. D.To compare contradictory studies. (　)8.What is the author’s attitude towards intermittent fasting? A.Critical.　　　　 B.Positive. C.Cautious. D.Doubtful. ●Ⅱ 阅读七选五 [2024·全国甲卷] 文体:说明文　主题:人与自我　词数:271 What is moderation(适度)? Basically,it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 1.　　　　 But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.   Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 2.　　　　 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.   Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 3.　　　  Control emotional(情绪的) eating. 4.　　　　 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.   5.　　　　 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢),while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.   A.Eat properly throughout the day. B.We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger. C.Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work. D.Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E.Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F.For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G.That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. ●Ⅲ 语法填空 [2025·广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(二)] 文体:说明文　主题:人与社会　词数:217 Once a little-known dish from China’s northwest, Lanzhou beef noodle soup is now winning hearts globally. A recent article describes 1.　　　　　　 this surprisingly simple meal has become popular in 2.　　　　　　 (city) like New York, London, and Sydney.  Appealing online photos and videos of the dish stimulate local people’s appetite and arouse their curiosity, driving them to give 3.　　　　 a try. Diners appreciate both its taste and the experience it offers. In a Manhattan eatery, cooks stretch dough (面团) into noodles right 4.　　　　　　 customers eyes. “It’s like magic,” said one diner. Diners are also amazed by the unique and 5.　　　　　　 (impressive)chewy texture of Lanzhou noodles, which offers a distinct mouthfeel unlike any other.  6.　　　　　　 (cook) for hours with beef bones and spices,the soup has a rich flavour. In Queens, a restaurant prepares a version 7.　　　　　　 respects the dishes’ cultural roots and combines 20 spices to produce a hearty soup. The owner even video-calls her grandparents in China for recipes. In Flushing, the owner of a noodle shop adapts the soup based on customer feedback, making it thicker and spicier 8.　　　　　　 (suit) local preferences. As food expert C. Doyle notes, “There’s no single ‘correct’ version—it keeps evolving.”  From street food to global star, Lanzhou beef noodle soup shows that sharing food 9.　　　　 (bridge) cultural differences, with each bowl 10.　　　　　　 (tell) a story of tradition, creativity, and the delight of flavour discovery.  ●Ⅳ 应用文写作 [2025·江西省十校协作体高三第二次联考] 假定你是李华,学校将举行以“茶文化”为主题的中外学生交流活动,正在招募志愿者,请你根据以下内容写一封申请信。内容包括: 1.写信目的; 2.个人优势; 3.希望获批。 注意:1.词数80个左右; 2.信件开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Sir or Madam,                 Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $