Unit 1 Science Fiction Using Language 词汇 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语课件围绕“Science fiction”单元的“Using language”模块，系统呈现38个核心词汇、短语及语法点，从基础词义、搭配到拓展用法层层递进，通过词汇关联（如superior与inferior、senior等对比）、短语归纳（如take/turn/switch系列短语）搭建学习支架，帮助学生衔接前后知识。 其亮点在于以语言能力培养为核心，结合思维品质提升，通过强调句、as if虚拟语气等语法辨析及例句应用，引导学生分析和推断语言规律，同时系统归纳短语助力学习能力发展。学生能高效掌握语言知识，教师可直接用于课堂教学，提升教学效率。

UNIT1 Science fiction Using language 1.pros and cons事物的利与弊；支持与反对 •Each form of funding for your business has pros and cons.对于你的生意来说，每一种资金类型都有优缺点。 •We discussed the pros and cons of going to university.我们讨论了上大学的利与弊。 2.superior adj.更好的；占优势的：（在级别或重要性上）更高的 搭配be superior to 比……更好：更胜一筹 •This machine is superior in many respects to that.这台机器在很多方面上比那台更好。 •He works in a company that supplies superior wines to the restaurant trade.他在一家为餐饮业提供上等葡萄酒的公司里工作。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） Tsinghua University and Peking University are clearly superior to other universities in China.在中国，清华大学和北京大学要明显优于其他大学。 注意superior，inferior 和 senior 这几个词作形容词时，没有比较级和最高级；表示 “比某人/某物……”时，通常与介词to搭配，而不与介词than搭配。 拓展be inferior to 比…… 差 be senior to 比……年长：比…… 职位高 be junior to 比……年轻；比…… 地位低 •As is shown in the report，only one salesman is senior to me in the company. 如报告所示，公司里只有一个推销员比我年长。 •He is three years junior to me，but I am junior to him in the company.他比我小三岁，但我在公司比他职位低。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 3.labour n.劳动（者）；体力劳动vi.奋斗；努力工作 He says the reduction of the labour force could be significant.他说劳动力的缩减可能会带来重大的影响 People under the age of 40 constitute the majority of the labour force.40 岁以下的人占劳动力的大多数。 vi.奋斗；努力工作 They laboured for years to clear their son's name.他们为洗刷自己儿子的罪名奋力斗争了许多年。 The editor laboured away over the manuscript till early morning.编辑辛辛苦苦地修改那份原稿，一直到清晨。 4.leather n.皮革；（pl.）皮衣；皮外套 •The soles are made of leather.鞋底是皮革做的。 Leather jeans are the must-have fashion item of the season.皮革牛仔裤是这一季必备的时尚单品。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 5.panel n.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组 The worker will check the functions of the instrument panel.这名工人将检查该仪表盘的功能。 He assembled a panel of scholars to advise him.他组织了一个学者咨询组为他出谋划策。 The competition will be judged by a panel of experts.这场比赛将由一个专家小组进行担任裁判。 拓展panel v.镶板 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 6.take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 •Would you like me to take over the driving for a while？我替你开会儿车怎么样？ •Columbia Records was taken over by Sony.哥伦比亚唱片已被索尼收购了。 Who will take over the company when you retire？你退休后谁会来接管公司？ 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 归纳常见的关于take的短语 take away 拿走 take care（=be careful=look out）当心，小心 take（good）care of（好好 ）照顾；照料 take down 拆除；记下 take out 拿出 take off 迅速流行；成功 take one's time 别着急，慢慢来 take one's temperature 给某人量体温 take after与…… 相像 take up从事；占据/占用 take apart 拆散；拆卸 take back收回；使回忆起 take on雇用：呈现；承担 take in欺骗；理解，吸收 •The new magazine has really taken off.这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。 There will be many challenges ahead，but I have confidence that I'll take on the burden.前面会有很多挑战，但我有信心挑起重担。 •Don't be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.不要被承诺能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 7.conflict with“与……冲突或抵触”。其中conflict为动词，意为“冲突；抵触” •The boy often conflicts with other students，which makes his parents upset.这个男孩经常和其他学生发生冲突，这使他的父母不高兴。 These results conflict with earlier findings.这些结果与早期的发现相矛盾 •The two reports of what had happened conflicted with each other.关于发生的事情，两个报道彼此矛盾。 拓展conflict n.冲突：抵触：矛盾 搭配：in conflict with...与……有冲突，有抵触 come into conflict with发生和…… 冲突，与……存在分歧 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。 •They came into conflict with the local villagers. 他们与当地村民发生了争执。 Nowadays，many teenagers' opinions conflict with their parents.That's why they are often in conflict with each other.现今，许多青少年的观点与父母存在着分歧。那就是他们彼此之间经常存在冲突的原因。 8.inch n.英寸（长度单位，等于2.54厘米）复数：inches She's a few inches taller than me.她比我高几英寸。 We are prepared to fight for every inch of our territory. 我们准备着为我们的每一英寸领土而战。 foot n.英尺（复数形式：feet）mile n.英里 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 9.backwards（NAmE backward）adv.向后；倒着；往回 搭配 backwards and forwards 来回地 bend/lean over backwards（to do sth）尽力，竭力（做某事情） •Hannah took a step backwards.汉娜向后退了一步 She looked backwards when she heard someone calling her.当她听见有人叫她时，她向后看了看。 •I lost my balance and fell backwards.我失去了平衡，仰面摔倒。 •In the movie they take a journey backwards through time.在影片中，他们进行了一次逆时光旅行。 反义：forwards adv.向前 inwards adv.向内 outwards adv.向外 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 10.rumour n.谣言；传闻 Rumour has it that we'll have a new boss soon. 据传我们即将有一位新老板。 Because of the bad rumour，the number of his fans was reduced.由于不好的传闻，他的粉丝数量减少了 rumour v.谣传；传说 He was rumoured to be involved in the crime. 有传言说他卷入了这起犯罪活动。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 11.presume vt.&vi.假设；假定 The arrangement presumes that both lenders. and borrowers are rational.这一安排假定借贷双方都是清醒的。 We must presume innocence until we have proof of guilt.在证实（一个人）有罪之前，我们必须假定（其）无辜。 Darcy's told you the whole sad story，I presume？我想达西已经把这件伤心事全部告诉你了吧？ presumption [prɪˈzʌmpʃn] n.可能的事；假定 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 12.fare n.车费；船费；飞机票价 bus/taxi fares 公共汽车费；出租汽车费 train/rail fares 火车票价 half fare半价 Children of twelve years and upward must pay full fare.12 岁及以上的儿童必须买全价票。 He didn't have enough money to pay his train fare.他没有足够的钱来付他的火车（票）的费用。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 13.alien n.外星人（生物）；外国人 When the war broke out，he was interned as an enemy alien.当这场战争爆发时，他作为故国人士遭到关押。 adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的 Such an attitude is alien to most businessmen这种态度对大多数商人都是陌生的。 His work offers an insight into an alien Culture，他的作品能让人们对一种异族文化产生深刻见解。 14.blurred adj.模糊不清的；难以区分的 blurred black and white photographs 模糊的黑白照片 Fiction and reality were increasingly blurred.小说与现实越来越难以区分。 blur n.（移动的）模糊形状 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 15.inaction n.无行动；不采取措施 inactive adj.无行动的；未使用的 incapable adj.无能力的 inconvenient adj.不方便的 infrequent adj.不常发生的 16.lever n.操纵杆；杠杆 Pull the lever towards you to adjust the speed. 把操纵杆向你身体一侧拉动以调节速度。 An elevator mechanic can work the machinery directly by turning this lever.-名电梯修理工可以转动这根操纵杆直接操作机器。 lever v.（用杠杆）撬动 I levered the lid off the pot with a knife，我用刀撬掉了罐盖。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 17.grip vt.&vi.紧握；抓紧（注意过去式和过去分词均为gripped） She gripped the rope，她紧紧抓住绳索 She gripped on to the railing with both hands.她双手紧紧抓住栏杆。 18.niece n.侄女；外甥女niece My niece has practised ballet for six years. 我侄女已经练了六年芭蕾舞了 nephew n.侄子；外甥 19.fetch vt.（去）拿来；（去）请来 搭配fetch up偶然来到；意外到达 fetch and carry（for sb）（为某人）打杂，（为某人）跑腿 Shall I fetch your coat for you？我去把外衣给你拿来好吗？ She kindly offered to go and fetch him some beer，她体贴地主动去给他拿了些啤酒过来。 •Run home this moment，and fetch me a pair of gloves and a fan！马上跑回家去，给我拿一副手套和一把扇子来！ 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 20.handkerchief n.手帕；纸巾[pl.]复数handkerchiefs 或handkerchieves She fluttered her handkerchief from the train window as a goodbye.她从火车窗户里（伸出手）挥动手帕道别。 21.lamp n.灯；台灯 switch on/off a lamp 开/关灯 In the evenings we eat by the light of an oil lamp.晚上我们在一盏油灯下吃饭。 There was a lamp hanging over the table.桌子上方吊着一盏灯。 22.turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 •He turned out the gas.他关掉煤气. •Despite our worries everything turned out well. 尽管我们感到担心，结果一切都很顺利。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） •It turned out that his brother died of a heart attack.原来他的兄弟死于心脏病发作。 •The factory turns out 10，000 computers per week.这家工厂每周生产 10000 台电脑。 归纳与turn相关的短语 turn up调高（音量等）：出现 turn down调低（音量等）；拒绝 turn in上交：交还，退还 turn on打开（水、煤气、电灯等） turn off关闭（水、煤气、电灯等） turn to求助于：致力于：翻到（书的某页）：查阅；转向 •The meeting has aleady begun，but the chairwoman hasn't turned up yet.会议已开始，但是女主席还没出现。 •Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble. 当你遇到困难时，请向警察求助。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） •I don't understand why John turned down Mary's kind offer. 我不明白约翰为什么拒绝玛丽善意的帮助。 •The librarian showed up to tell her to turn in her library books. 图书管理员出面让她返还她从图书馆借的书。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 23.pace n.速度；步伐；节奏vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏 （1）n.速度：步伐；节奏 搭配pace of...，……的速度 keep pace with sth/sb与某物/某人步调一致，并驾齐驱 at a/an...pace 以……的速度 Traffic jams frequently reduce traffic to walking pace. 交通阻塞经常把车流的速度降低得如同步行一样缓慢。 The runners have noticeably quickened their pace.赛跑者明显加快了他们的脚步。 We have adjusted ourselves to the pace of the life.我们已经使自己适应了生活的节奏。 She walks so fast that I can't keep pace with her.她走得如此快以至于我跟不上她 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） （2）vt.&vi.确定速度：调整节奏；来回踱步，走来走去 It was a tough race and I had to pace myself. 这是场艰苦的比赛，我不得不控制好自己的节奏。 As they waited，Kravis paced the room nervously. 在他们等待的时候，克拉维斯在屋里不安地跛来踱去。 pace oneself 调整自己的工作（或活动）节奏 He paced his game skillfully.他巧妙地控制了自己的比赛节奏。 It was a tough race and I had to pace myself.那是一场艰难的比赛，所以我必须调整自己的节奏。 形近peace n.和平 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 24.fall away（逐渐）减少；消失 •His supporters fell away as his popularity declined.随着他的名望下降，他的支持者渐渐离他而去。 •The houses fell away as we left the city.随着我们离城市越来越远，房屋也逐渐在视线中消失了。 拓展与fall有关的短语：fall apart结束：分裂：解体：崩溃 fall behind 落后；落在后面 fall apart破碎；破裂 fall back 后退；倒退 fall down倒下：跌倒；倒場 fall off脱落;掉落;（程度、数量、规模）降低;减小 fall over倒下，摔倒：被……绊倒 fall into the habit of...形成…… 习惯 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） •Angie fell apart because she had lost everything.安吉崩溃了，因为她失去了一切。 •He fell behind when we were climbing the mountain.我们爬山时，他掉队了。 •The deal fell down partly because there were a lot of unanswered questions. 交易失败的部分原因是有太多没有解答的问题， 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 25.division n.分开；分隔；差异；除（法） the division of words into syllables 把单词拆分为音节 The division between the prosperous east and the impoverished west remains.繁荣的东部和贫穷的西部之间的差距仍然存在。 I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six，我女儿6岁时我就教她如何做除法了。 divide v.（使）分开，分散：分配；除（以） 搭配：divide sth between/among...在 之间分配某物：由?分享某物 divide sth in half/into halves把 分成两半 divide A by B A除以B •As the work can be divided between/among sever people，it can be done efficiently.因为这项工作可以由几个人共同分担，所以可以做得很有效率。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） •The park，divided into two sections along a stream，has several bridges built over the stream公园沿着一条小溪分成两部分，在小溪上建了几座桥。 •If you divide thirty by five，you can get six.如果你用 30 除以5，你可以得到6。 26.puff n.（烟、气等的）一缕；少量；喘息 The stove let out a puff of smoke.炉子里冒出一股烟。 The hill was very steep and I soon ran out of puff.这山非常陡峭，我很快就气喘吁吁了 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 27.urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐 （1）n.强烈的欲望；冲动 搭配 have an urge to do sth 有强烈的欲望做某事 •I had a sudden urge to eat ice cream.我突然很想吃冰激凌。 •I had an urge to take over his company.我迫切希望接管他的公司。 •I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.以前我从未有过学习手势语的冲动。 （2）vi.催促，力劝：大力推荐 搭配urge sb on鼓励某人：为某人加油 urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事 urge sb into doing sth 催促/力劝某人做某事 urge that+（should）+动词原形... 催促：极力主张…… It is urged that...坚决要求……：极力主张…… 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） •He urged the necessity for immediate action.他强烈要求立即采取行动。 她加油。 She could hear him urging her on as she ran past.她跑过他面前时，她听到他在为 •She urged him to declare his position.她力劝他表明他的立场。 •The report urged that all children（should）be taught to swim.这份报告呼吁给所有的儿童教授游泳 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 28.random adj.随机的；不可思议的 搭配at random随意：随机 •I can't keep up with him because his pace is random and irregular. 我跟不上他，因为他的步调杂乱无章。 He picked out a few leather coats at random and sent the salesman away. 他随便挑了几件皮大衣，把推销员打发走了。 randomly adv.随机地；任意地 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 29.maximum adj.最大极限的 n.最大量；最大限度 （1）adj.最大极限的 •That prison is maximum security and there is no way for any prisoner to escape.那座监狱戒备等级最高，任何犯人都无法逃跑。 （2）n.最大量；最大限度 搭配a maximum of最大限度，最多 •Groups are limited to a maximum of 12 people.小组人数上限为 12. 反义：minimum n.最小值；最低限度adj.最小的；最低的 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 30.explode vi.&vt.爆炸；爆破 近义burst v.爆裂 explode with anger/rage 勃然大怒 explode into/with wild laughter"哄堂大笑 •He was driving so fast that his car tyre exploded.他的车开得太快导致车胎爆了。 •The speaker's mistake was so funny that the audience exploded into wild laughter.演讲者错误太可笑了，以至于听众哄堂大笑。 •The boss exploded with rage when he heard the objection.老板一听到反对意见就勃然大怒。 explosion n.爆炸；爆发 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 31.jolt n.震动；摇晃；颠簸 vt.&vi.（使）震动；摇晃 The car stopped with a jolt.这辆汽车在停止时摇晃了一下。 We were worried that one tiny jolt could worsen her injuries. 我们担心一次轻微的颠簸都可能加剧她的伤情。 vt.&vi.（使）震动；摇晃 Another earthquake jolted the city yesterday. 昨天又一次地震使整座城市都晃动起来。 32.flip vt.&vi.（使）快速翻转；（用手指）轻抛 The plane nearly flipped when it landed. 这架机在着陆时差点儿翻转。 I pulled a coin from my pocket and flipped it. 我从我的口袋里掏出一枚硬币，把它地出去。 flip n.轻抛；空翻 The whole thing was decided on the flip of a coin. 整个事情都是由掷硬币决定的。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 33.stun vt.使震惊；使昏迷(过去式、过去分词均为stunned) This speech seemed to stun the King.这番话似乎使国王大吃一惊。 •Many cinema-goers were stunned by the film's violent and tragic end.许多经常看电影的人都被这部影片暴力而悲惨的结局所震惊。 stunned adj.惊愕的 stunning adj.令人惊奇万分的；令人震惊的 34.mud n.泥；泥浆 Because you're covered with mud.因为你浑身都是泥。 Tarzan He removed the mud from his shoes.他去除他鞋上的泥。 The wheels started to sink into the mud.车轮渐陷进泥里。 muddy adj.多泥的；泥泞的 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 35.overstatement n.夸大；夸张 That may be a bit of an overstatement.那也许有一点儿夸张。 This may have been an improvement，but "breakthrough"was an overstatement.这可能已经是一个改进，但说是“突破”就言过其实了 反understatement n.保守的陈述；有保留的陈述 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 36.强调句的结构是“It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+句子的其他部分”，强调句可以对句子的主语、宾语、表语和状语等进行强调，但是通常不能强调谓语和定语。 •He watched the film in this cinema yesterday.昨天他在这家电影院看了这部电影。 →It was he that/who watched the film in this cinema yesterday.（强调主语he） →It was the film that he watched in this cinema yesterday.（强调语 the film） →It was in this cinema that he watched the film yesterday.（强调点状语 in this cinema） -It was yesterday that he watched the film in this cinema.（强语 yesterday） 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 拓展 强调句的特殊句型 （1）一般疑问句：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who+其他？ •Is it the book that you want to read？这就是你想读的那本书吗？ 的 （2）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/was it +that/who+其他？ •What was it that made him so happy？是什么让他如此高兴？ （3）not until的强调句式：It is/was not until...+that +其他. •It was not until yesterday that I knew the bad news.直到昨天我才知道这则坏消息 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） 37.as if引导的从句 （1）as if=as though“仿佛：好像”，引导状语从句。当说话人认为从句所陈述的是不真实的或不可能发生（存在）的情况时，从句常用虚拟语气，结构如下：与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去时（be动词用were） 与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时（had done） 与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用 would/could/might do •It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done it？打破窗的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的？ •A young couple in a boat were eating，talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.一对年轻夫妇坐在船上吃着东西，说着话，大笑着，好像他们是这世界上仅有的人。 返回导航 UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 英语（必修·第一册 RJ） •He opened his mouth as if he would say something.他张开嘴好像他要说什么. （2）as if引导表语从句时，常放在be，look，seem，sound，smell，feel 等系动词之后. •Hurry up！It looks as if the train is going to move.快点儿！看起来火车要开了. 注意（1）如果as if/as though从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句谓语动词含有be 动词，则可省略从句的主语和be动词。 •He acted as though（he were）a fool.他表现得像个Q瓜。 （2）as if/as though后还可直接跟现在分词、过去分词、不定式及其他短语，实际上也是从句省略形式。 •The boy is running impatiently here and there as if searching for something lost on the sports ground.这个男孩急躁地到处跑，好像是在找丢在操场上的什么东西。 $