精品解析：上海市杨浦区2025-2026学年第二学期八年级英语期末试卷

八年级英语学科（2026年6月） 考生注意： 1．本试卷共6大题，72小题。试卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟。 2．所有试题答案务必用黑色水笔填写在答题纸上对应编号的空格内。答案填写在试卷上不给分。 Part 1 Listening（第1部分 听力） Ⅰ．Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共25分） A．Listen and choose the right picture（听句子，选择最恰当的图片）（每小题1分，共5分） 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】Before the typhoon arrived, Dad put a flashlight, some batteries and bottled water into an emergency bag. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】At the museum, the students were surprised to see a pair of chopines from ancient times. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】The two girls sat on the bench and shared one pair of earphones while listening to music. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】When the earthquake drill started, the students quickly hid under their desks. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】At the school charity sale, the girls were selling handmade cards to raise money. B．Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer to the question（听对话和问题，选择最恰当的答案）（每小题1分，共5分） 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. A photography class. B. A drawing class. C. A piano class. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Are you going to join the drawing class this term? M: Yes, I’d love to, but it ends at five thirty. My piano class starts ten minutes earlier. W: Then maybe photography is better. It’s on Friday. M: Good idea. I’ll try that one. Question: Which class will the boy probably choose? 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The white jacket. B. The black jacket. C. The red jacket. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: You’re wearing a black jacket today. It looks nice with your white shirt. W: Thanks. The red one looked livelier, but I need to look serious for the speech contest. M: Then this one is a better choice. Question: Which jacket does the man think is better? 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Go camping another day. B. Buy new tents and sleeping bags. C. Sleep in a tent tonight. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: I heard there will be heavy rain tonight. Are you still going camping? M: No. Sleeping outside won’t be safe in this weather. W: So the tents and sleeping bags won’t be useful now. M: Right. We’ll go when the weather gets better. Question: What will the boy probably do? 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She bought the sweater because it was cheap. B. She thought about buying another sweater. C. She left the shop without the sweater. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Did you get the half-price sweater yesterday? W: I almost did, but I already have two similar ones at home. M: It was a really good deal though. W: That’s true, but buying it just because it’s cheap may not be a good idea. Question: What did the girl probably do yesterday? 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Avoid talking about the different ideas. B. Finish the whole project by himself. C. Exchange his ideas with Jack peacefully. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: You and Jack were both quiet during the group discussion today. What’s wrong? M: We had different ideas, but neither of us wanted to argue. W: The presentation is tomorrow. What are you going to do? M: I’ll send him my plan tonight and ask what he thinks. Question: What does the man want to do? C．（每小题1分，共5分） Listen to the passage and choose the correct answer（听短文，选择最恰当的答案）【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. The school set up the special seat mainly to let students ________. A. sit and rest B. spend time outside C. make more friends 12. At first, ________ students tried the special seat. A. no B. many C. a few 13. ________ was most possibly the first person to use the special seat. A. A school teacher B. A class monitor C. A girl called Tina 14. Tina became close friends with the two girls after they ________ together. A. solved problems B. talked quietly C. played badminton 15. During the Friendship Week, students can ________. A. join games and talks B. meet new monitors C. solve small problems 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【原文】At River Middle School, some students once found it hard to make friends. So last semester, the school set up a “friendship seat” in the playground. If a student sits there alone, it means he or she wants someone to talk to or play with. At first, everyone felt shy about using it, so the teachers encouraged the class monitors to take the lead. Later, more students began to use it. Since then, many students have benefited from the seat, including some newcomers. For example, Tina, an exchange student, used the seat on her first day at school this semester after her class teacher recommended it to her. Two girls invited her to play badminton, and they soon became close friends. The seat has also helped solve small problems between classmates because it gives them a quiet place to talk. Now the school plans to hold a “Friendship Week” with games and sharing activities. Everyone is looking forward to it. D．（每空格2分，共10分） Listen to the report and complete the table and the pie chart.（听报告，用听到的内容完成表格和饼图，每空格限填1至3个单词或数字）【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Place the ____16____ Time on ____17____ Topic Chinese culture Artist Fan Kuan, one of the most famous ____18____ ____19____ ____20____ 【答案】16.  Ancient Art Museum 17. February 27th 18. landscape painters 19. 36% 20. Paper-cutting 【解析】 【原文】 This semester, our class had a special lesson outside school. Instead of sitting in the classroom, we went to the Ancient Art Museum to learn about Chinese culture in a different way. The visit took place on February 27th. During the visit, we saw different kinds of traditional works. One important part was about Fan Kuan. He was one of the most famous landscape painters in Chinese history. His paintings show high mountains, quiet forests, and the beauty of nature. After the visit, our school did a survey to find out students’ favorite parts of the museum. According to the chart, paintings were the most popular part. Thirty-six percent of the students chose them. Ancient pottery came next, with twenty-seven percent. Calligraphy was chosen by twenty-two percent of the students. The rest, fifteen percent, liked paper-cutting best. The visit helped students learn more about Chinese culture in an interesting way. Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar （第2部分 语音、词汇与语法） Ⅱ．（每小题1分，共8分） Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage（从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语完成短文，每个单词或短语仅可使用一次，有一个选项是多余的） A. firmly B. went off C. confused D. realised E. got away In the 1930s, a Swiss physicist named Walter Jaeger started working on a device to detect poison gas. He ____21____ believed that such an invention would save many lives. However, after years of trying, he still couldn’t make it work. The device just wouldn’t react to the gas, and Jaeger felt deeply ____22____—everything in the design seemed right, but nothing happened. One afternoon, after another failed test, Jaeger sat back in his chair and lit a cigarette. To his great surprise, the device suddenly ____23____! At first, he thought something was broken. Then he ____24____; although his device couldn’t sense poison gas, it could sense the smoke from his cigarette! A. warn B. rescued C. lasted D. mean E. deal Jaeger’s “failure” turned out to be a brilliant discovery, people gradually found out that this small device could ____25____ families before a fire turned dangerous. Later, his device became the basis of the modern smoke alarm, which is now found in millions of homes around the world. Over the past decades, smoke alarms have ____26____ countless lives, especially those of children and the elderly. Jaeger’s invention has ____27____ for nearly a hundred years. Today, buying and installing (安装) a smoke alarm may cost much, but many families still find it a good ____28____ because it can actually save lives. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. E 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一位瑞士物理学家在发明毒气检测器时意外发现烟雾探测器功能的故事，展示了失败如何转化为伟大发明。 【21题详解】 句意：他坚定地相信这样的发明能拯救许多生命。修饰believed需用副词，firmly意为“坚定地”，符合语境。 【22题详解】 句意：设备对毒气没有反应，Jaeger感到非常困惑。felt后接形容词作表语，confused意为“困惑的”，符合设计正确却无效的沮丧心情。 【23题详解】 句意：设备突然响了起来！主语device是单数，用过去式，went off意为“（警报）响起”，符合设备突然发出信号的场景。 【24题详解】 句意：然后他意识到：虽然设备无法检测毒气，却能感应香烟的烟雾。and连接并列谓语，用过去式，realised意为“意识到”，符合他突然明白原因的情节。 【25题详解】 句意：这个小装置可以在火灾变得危险之前警告家庭。could后接动词原形，warn意为“警告”，符合烟雾报警器提前预警的功能。 【26题详解】 句意：烟雾报警器拯救了无数生命。have后接过去分词，rescued意为“拯救”，与lives搭配恰当。 【27题详解】 句意：Jaeger的发明已经持续了近一百年。has后接过去分词，lasted意为“持续”，符合“存在了将近百年”的时间延续含义。 【28题详解】 句意：许多家庭仍然认为它是一笔好交易。a good deal是固定搭配，意为“划算的交易/好买卖”，符合前文“安装花费不少但值得”的语境。 Ⅲ．（每小题1分，共12分） Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案完成短文） In today’s world, the highly competitive (竞争的) market requires businesses ____29____ for new ways to stay strong. In this passage, we would like to share some useful ____30____. . Use new technologies New technologies often have huge influences ____31____ the market. All large companies have R&D departments (研发部门) ____32____ they can keep up. . Respond to customers’ needs Companies need to ask ____33____ about what the buyers really need. McDonald’s (麦当劳) ____34____ salads to their menus since around 1987. The reason was that people started to like healthier food. . Offer new products for new customers More new customers ____35____ sometimes lead to higher profits (利润). Back in 2006, video games giant Nintendo developed a new game controller for girls and old people ____36____ boys were the main group of game players at that time. . Change the way of providing services Some people only have so little spare time that they like having what they’ve bought delivered to their homes. Meanwhile, ____37____ probably prefer ____38____ the real goods to shopping on phones. In one word, the harder the companies think and try, ____39____ they are to win. There is always ____40____ they can do to make the products or services better. 29. A. look B. looking C. to look 30. A. advice B. tip C. suggestion 31. A. on B. in C. of 32. A. unless B. so that C. as soon as 33. A. them B. they C. themselves 34. A. has introduced B. introduced C. introduces 35. A. can B. must C. need 36. A. because B. if C. although 37. A. others B. other C. the other 38. A. check B. checking C. to check 39. A. more likely B. the more likely C. the most likely 40. A. something B. anything C. everything 【答案】29. C 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. B 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了企业在竞争激烈的市场中保持优势的四种策略，包括利用新技术、响应客户需求、提供新产品及改变服务方式。 【29题详解】 句意：竞争激烈的市场要求企业寻找新方法以保持强大。 require sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，可知需用不定式。 【30题详解】 句意：在这篇文章中，我们想分享一些有用的建议。 根据“some”后接不可数名词或可数名词复数，advice是不可数名词，符合用法；tip和suggestion均为可数名词单数，不能直接跟在some后。 【31题详解】 句意：新技术通常对市场有巨大影响。 have an influence on...是固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”；in“在……里面”、of“……的”均不符合。 【32题详解】 句意：所有大公司都有研发部门以便他们能跟上时代。 根据前后句为目的关系，可知需用“so that”引导目的状语从句；unless“除非”、as soon as“一……就……”逻辑不符。 【33题详解】 句意：公司需要问自己买家真正需要什么。 根据主语“Companies”与宾语指代同一对象，需用反身代词，主语companies对应的反身代词是themselves；them是宾格、they是主格，均不符合语境。 【34题详解】 句意：麦当劳自1987年左右就在菜单上引入了沙拉。 根据“since around 1987”是现在完成时的标志，可知需用has introduced。 【35题详解】 句意：更多新客户有时能带来更高利润。 根据语境表示可能性，can表示“能够”，符合语境；must“必须”、need“需要”语义不通。 【36题详解】 句意：早在2006年，尽管当时男孩是主要的游戏玩家，电子游戏巨头任天堂还是为女孩和老年人开发了一款新的游戏控制器。 前后句意存在转折让步关系，although引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”，符合语境；because“因为”、if“如果”逻辑不符。 【37题详解】 句意：同时，另一些人可能更喜欢检查实物，而不是在手机上购物。 根据“Some..., others...”固定搭配，可知用others；other后需接名词、the other表示两者中的另一个，均不符合语境。 【38题详解】 句意：同时，另一些人可能更喜欢检查实物，而不是在手机上购物。 根据“prefer doing sth. to doing sth.”结构，to是介词，前后都要用动名词形式。 【39题详解】 句意：总之，企业思考和尝试得越努力，获胜的可能性就越大。 “the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定结构，意为“越……，越……”，the more likely符合；more likely缺少the、the most likely是最高级，均不符合该结构。 【40题详解】 句意：他们总能做些什么来让产品或服务变得更好。 本句为肯定句，表示“某事、一些事”用something；anything多用于否定/疑问句、everything意为“所有事”，语义不符。 Ⅳ．（每小题2分，共10分） Complete the conversation with proper sentences as required (根据要求用恰当的句子完成对话内容) Situation: A typhoon is coming tonight. Lily and her mother are preparing at home. Mum: Lily, the weather report says a strong typhoon is coming. Lily: Yes, I just heard the news. _____________41_____________ here? (就时间提问) Mum: It will arrive in 2 hours. Can you check _____________42_____________? (用宾语从句完成句子) Lily: There are enough batteries at home. Don’t worry! Dad bought a big pack yesterday. Mum: Good. Then let’s close all the windows, _____________43_____________? (填写附加问句) Situation: The typhoon has arrived. Mum: Lily, look outside —_____________44_____________! (连词成句：is/now/outside/it/dangerous/how/to/go) Lily: It’s horrible. I’m a little worried about Grandma. _____________45_____________? (根据答句写出一般疑问句) Mum: Yes. I called her this morning. She’s safe at Uncle’s house. 【答案】41. When will it arrive 42. if/whether we have enough batteries at home 43. shall we 44. How dangerous it is to go outside now 45. Did you call her 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了台风来临前和台风到达时，Lily与妈妈在家准备、对话的场景，围绕台风动态、物资准备和安全问题展开交流。 【41题详解】 Lily听说台风要来后，就到达时间提问，引出妈妈的回答。结合答句“It will arrive in 2 hours.”，需用一般将来时的特殊疑问句提问，故用“When will it arrive”衔接下文。 【42题详解】 根据答语“There are enough batteries”可知妈妈让Lily检查是否有足够的电池。宾语从句由if/whether引导，且需使用陈述语序，“if/whether we have enough batteries at home”既符合语法，又能自然引出下文对话。 【43题详解】 妈妈提议关上所有窗户，需要填写附加问句。Let’s...句型的附加问句为“shall we”，既符合语法规则，也能呼应提议的语气。 【44题详解】 根据所给词汇及标点，确定为How引导的感叹句，结构为“How+adj+主语+谓语+其他”。组合为：How dangerous it is to go outside now! 【45题详解】 根据答语“Yes. I called her this morning.”可知询问妈妈是否给奶奶打过电话。答语使用了过去时called，故问句可用一般过去时“Did you call her”衔接下文。 Part 3 Reading and Writing（第3部分 阅读与写话） Ⅴ．Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共30分） A．（每小题1分，共6分） Read and match（根据短文内容，为相应的人物选择其最合适的服饰商店） ____46____ Our family is leaving for a winter skiing trip to Harbin! The weather report says it’ll be sunny. But you know, it’s Harbin. My uncle also warned us the temperature could drop below freezing, so I’ll pack thick coats and warm clothes instead. ____47____ I really want to wear my casual shirts and jeans for the school award night because I’ll feel less nervous. My dad suggested something else like a dark suit jacket and a formal bow tie. What do you think? ____48____ My friend invited me to a themed party. I do have some bright trousers and some Chinese folk dresses at home. Wait... the invitation says the theme is the 1950s. Maybe an old-fashioned dress with some small white polka dots would be much better. ____49____ The dance show is getting closer, so daily practice is important. The only problem is my usual clothes are wearing out. I need to get something new. Loose, baggy clothes are the most suitable choice because they allow me to move, jump, and perform floor tricks easily. ____50____ Our school holds the Talents Festival every year. I asked Doubao for advice on what to wear for my dance competition this year. It recommended a bright red traditional dress. It also said the sleeves must be long, so I can create beautiful shapes in the air. ____51____ It’s finally time to enjoy myself. Koh Lipe Island, I am coming! There is still plenty of space in my suitcase. Maybe I can bring more light clothes for my holiday. A flowery shirt and a pair of shorts? They would be perfect for the beach and sunshine. A. B. C. D. E. F. 【答案】46. F 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. E 51. D 【解析】 【导语】本文需要为相应的人物选择其最合适的服饰商店。 【46题详解】 Lin一家要去哈尔滨滑雪，需要准备“thick coats and warm clothes”。图片F橱窗里展示了厚重的冬装外套和毛线帽，且标有“STAY WARM!”，完美契合她的需求。 【47题详解】 Timmy要参加学校的颁奖晚会，父亲建议他穿“dark suit jacket and a formal bow tie”。图片C橱窗里正好展示了西装外套和多款领结，最符合他的需求。 【48题详解】 Sarah要参加1950年代主题派对，她想要一件“old-fashioned dress with some small white polka dots”。图片A橱窗里展示的正是带有圆点的复古风连衣裙，且标有“CLASSIC STYLE”，最符合她的需求。 【49题详解】 Eric为了准备舞蹈表演，需要买“Loose, baggy clothes”以便于跳跃和做地板动作。图片B橱窗里展示了宽松的卫衣和运动裤，且标有“MOVE & DANCE FREE!”，最符合他的需求。 【50题详解】 Mei参加才艺节舞蹈比赛，需要一件“traditional dress”并且“sleeves must be long”以便在空中舞出优美的形状。图片E橱窗里展示的正是带有超长水袖的传统服饰，最符合她的需求。 【51题详解】 Shawn要去海岛度假享受沙滩和阳光，需要带“light clothes”，例如“flowery shirt and a pair of shorts”。图片D橱窗里展示了花衬衫、短裤以及沙滩球，最符合他的需求。 B．（每小题1分，共6分） Read and choose (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案). Friendship is important in middle school. It can make school life warmer and help us feel less lonely. However, a good friendship does not become strong in one day. Like a young plant, it needs time, care and respect. Trust is one important part of friendship. A true friend is someone you can talk to safely. When you share a worry or a secret, he or she does not laugh at you or pass your words on to others. Your words stay between you and your friend, so you feel safe to say what is really on your mind. Being a good listener is also important. When a friend is upset, we often want to give advice quickly. But sometimes advice is not the first thing a friend needs. A patient listener may help more than a quick answer. A healthy friendship also gives both people space. Your friend may have other friends, hobbies or plans. This does not mean he or she cares about you less. It’s totally natural for both of you to have your own lives. Of course, friends do not always have the same ideas. When they disagree, they should talk about the problem calmly. Saying “I feel ...” is often better than saying “You always ...”. As a result, friends can understand each other without starting a bigger argument. Choosing the right time matters, too. Talking about the disagreement right away won’t make the anger go away. Good friends do not have to talk about a problem the moment it happens. Instead, they take some time to cool down first, so the talk can be calmer and kinder. No friendship is perfect. Good friends may make mistakes, but they are willing to say sorry and try again. A strong friendship is built with honesty, kindness and respect. 52. In the underlined part, the writer compares friendship to a young plant mainly because friendship always ________. A. becomes stronger slowly B. makes school life warmer C. needs students to value and develop D. makes students less lonely 53. According to the article, you might feel safe talking to a friend most probably because he/she will ________. A. listen carefully B. give useful advice C. cheer him up D. keep his/her words private 54. After reading this article, your friend Mike might feel ________ when you have other plans with other friends. A. surprised B. calm C. disappointed D. angry 55. The correct cause-and-effect relationship in this article is ________. A. A friend feels upset. →We give advice quickly. B. Friends say “You always...”. →They can avoid a bigger argument. C. A friend has other hobbies. →The friend cares about you less. D. Friends say “I feel...”. →They can understand each other better. 56. According to the article, which pair best shows a strong and healthy friendship? A. Tom expressed his ideas while Jack was sharing his. B. Whenever Judy and Nick have a problem, they always talk about it at once. C. Tina once argued with Lisa, and they apologised to each other a few days later. D. Lily and Jane like spending time together, and they don’t make new friends. 57. The passage mainly tells us ________. A. why middle school students need more friends B. what students need to build a good friendship C. how students can become popular at school D. why friends sometimes have different ideas 【答案】52. C 53. D 54. B 55. D 56. C 57. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述中学时期友谊的重要性，从信任、学会倾听、给彼此私人空间、冷静处理分歧、犯错主动道歉几个方面，介绍了建立稳固健康的友谊需要做到的几件事。 【52题详解】 根据第一段“However, a good friendship does not become strong in one day. Like a young plant, it needs time, care and respect.”可知，一段美好的友谊不会瞬间变得牢固，它就像幼苗一样，需要时间、用心呵护与尊重去慢慢培育发展，这就需要我们去珍惜、用心经营培养。B、D选项只是友谊带来的好处，并不是作者做比喻的原因；A选项只强调慢慢变强，没有体现出“需要用心呵护、去珍惜发展”这一核心内涵，C选项贴合原文幼苗需要悉心照料、友谊需要我们珍惜与用心培养的深层含义。 【53题详解】 根据第二段“When you share a worry or a secret, he or she does not laugh at you or pass your words on to others. Your words stay between you and your friend, so you feel safe to say what is really on your mind.”可知，你可以安心倾诉秘密心事，是因为朋友不会把你的话泄露给别人，会为你保守隐私。仔细倾听、给出建议、安慰你都不是内心感到安全的核心原因，只有保守话语隐私符合原文内容。 【54题详解】 根据第四段“A healthy friendship also gives both people space. Your friend may have other friends, hobbies or plans. This does not mean he or she cares about you less. It’s totally natural for both of you to have your own lives.”可知，健康的友谊需要给双方各自的私人空间，朋友拥有其他社交安排是很正常的事情，并不会代表不在意对方，所以朋友会表示理解、保持冷静。惊讶、失望、生气都不符合健康的交友心态，只有冷静符合文意。 【55题详解】 根据第五段“Saying ‘I feel …’ is often better than saying ‘You always …’. As a result, friends can understand each other without starting a bigger argument.”可知，朋友使用 “I feel…”句式沟通，能够更好地相互理解，和原文的因果关系完全对应。 【56题详解】 根据最后一段“Good friends may make mistakes, but they are willing to say sorry and try again.”可知，蒂娜和莉萨争吵过后，过几天互相道歉，符合文中犯错主动道歉、修复友谊的健康交友方式。 【57题详解】 文章围绕如何经营友谊展开，依次介绍了信任、倾听、保留个人空间、理性处理分歧、主动道歉等维系良好友谊的必备条件。A、C、D都只是文章局部细节，并非全文主旨，B项学生想要建立一段美好的友谊需要做些什么，契合文章中心。 C．（每小题1分，共8分） Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的词语完成短文) Many people will think about the smart helpers in the future world when they hear the word “robot”. ____58____, people were making unbelievable machines with human abilities hundreds of years ago! Egyptian texts from 1100 BCE mention using moving sculptures to choose the next “king”. But were they really there? Nobody knows for sure because researchers can find ____59____ of these sculptures now. The Greek (希腊的) writer Polybius also wrote about a big robotic arm called “The Claw (爪、钳)” in 213 BCE. People made it during a war against the Romans (罗马人), and it hung over the city wall ____60____ the sea. When a Roman ship came close, the arm caught the front of the ship and ____61____. Then the boat fell into the sea and sank. Again, just like the moving sculptures, we don’t know ____62____ people really made these machines. Another Greek inventor, Philon of Byzantium, built a waitress robot at about the same time. It could mix water and wine to make a drink. But the robot wasn’t ____63____ at all because people didn’t need robots to work. They had lots of slaves (奴隶). The famous artist Leonardo da Vinci loved ____64____ robots and his plans were very detailed (详细的) and practical. Even today’s engineers borrow ideas from them. But da Vinci brought only a few of his ideas from the paper into the real world because of the technology limit. What a pity! One of da Vinci’s robots was a lion. He built it for the king of France in 1515. It could walk and give flowers! In 2009, a robot company used the plan to make the lion again. It worked ____65____! No matter how modern technology has moved on, these “old” robots still amaze people today. 58. A. For example B. However C. In short D. As a result 59. A. many B. some C. all D. none 60. A. from B. in C. towards D. across 61. A. turned it over B. picked it up C. broke it up D. pushed it back 62. A. when B. how C. whether D. where 63. A. affordable B. popular C. safe D. independent 64. A. drawing B. imagining C. designing D. building 65. A. hardly B. terribly C. carefully D. perfectly 【答案】58. B 59. D 60. C 61. A 62. C 63. B 64. C 65. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了古代机器人的历史，包括埃及雕塑、希腊机械爪、侍者机器人及达芬奇的设计，展示了古人的智慧。 【58题详解】 句意：然而，几百年前人们就在制造令人难以置信的机器了！ 根据前文“will think about the smart helpers”与后文“hundreds of years ago”构成转折关系，可知需填转折连词，However“然而”符合语境；For example“例如”、In short“总之”、As a result“结果”逻辑不符。 【59题详解】 句意：没人能确定，因为研究者现在找不到任何这些雕塑。 根据“Nobody knows for sure”，可知缺乏证据，故找不到任何雕塑，none“没有一个”符合语境；many“许多”、some“一些”、all“全部”语义不符。 【60题详解】 句意：这是人们在对抗罗马人的战争中制造的，它悬挂在朝向大海的城墙上。 机械臂的作用是攻击靠近的敌船，因此安装在朝向大海的一侧，towards“朝向”符合语境；from“来自”、in“在……里”、across“穿过”语义不符。 【61题详解】 句意：当罗马船只靠近时，机械臂抓住船头并将其掀翻，然后船坠入海中沉没。 根据“Then the boat fell into the sea and sank”可知机械臂把船掀翻了，turned it over“把它翻过来/掀翻”符合语境；picked it up“捡起”、broke it up“打碎”、pushed it back“推回去”与船沉没的逻辑不符。 【62题详解】 句意：同样，就像那些会动的雕塑一样，我们不知道人们是否真的制造过这些机器。 前文提到“Nobody knows for sure”，这里表示不确定是否真的存在，用whether“是否”符合语境；when“何时”、how“如何”、where“何地”语义不符。 【63题详解】 句意：但机器人根本不受欢迎，因为人们不需要机器人工作。 根据“people didn’t need robots to work”可知机器人不受欢迎，popular“受欢迎的”符合语境；affordable“买得起的”、safe“安全的”、independent“独立的”语义不符。 【64题详解】 句意：著名艺术家达芬奇喜欢设计机器人，他的设计图非常详细且实用。 根据“his plans were very detailed”可知他是在设计机器人，designing“设计”符合语境；drawing“画画”、imagining“想象”、building“建造”不符合后文“plans”的描述。 【65题详解】 句意：它运作完美！ 前文提到达芬奇的设计图详尽又实用，结合句末感叹号，能看出句意是表达赞赏，说明复刻成果很好，perfectly“完美地”符合语境；hardly“几乎不”、terribly“糟糕地”、carefully“仔细地”语义不符。 D．（第66至68题，每题1分，第69与70题，每题2分，共7分） Read and complete the tasks（根据短文内容，完成相应任务） Task 1 Answer the questions（回答下列问题） Miracle of Kamaishi Every spring at a junior high school in the coastal town of Kamaishi, Japan, students did the same tsunami drill (演练). When the school bell rang in a special way, they ran out of the classrooms and up the hill behind the school. Once, during a drill, 13-year-old Yuki sighed. “Another drill,” she said impatiently. “But we never have a real one.” Their teacher Mr Sato answered, “Hope you never need it. But do it like it’s real.” At 2:46 p.m. on 11 March 2011, the ground began to shake. The shaking was longer and stronger than anything the students had ever felt. Books fell off shelves; the lights died. Yuki’s heart raced — this time the drill was real. When the shaking stopped, the older students around her were already running outside and moving up the hill as they had done hundreds of times before. Yuki took a deep breath and then followed them calmly. Near the gate, Yuki saw a group of elementary school children. Some were crying; others stood frozen. One small boy had stopped in the middle of the road, too frightened to move. Yuki slowed down. She could not leave him there. She took his hand. Another junior high student took the hand of a girl beside him. Soon more older students were running with the younger ones, pulling them forward, slowing down when they almost fell, and shouting, “Keep going! Higher! Higher!” Together, hundreds of children climbed up the hill. Minutes later, the sea came over the wall and swallowed (吞噬) the school buildings below. On the higher ground, the children gathered close. Yuki held the small boy in her arms. Around her, some were crying; some were laughing through their tears. Yuki held the small boy tightly, and for the first time that day, she could breathe. The drill she had once laughed about had worked. 66. Yuki thought the drill was necessary at first, didn’t she? ________________________________________________________________ 67. What did the students do when the school bell rang in a special way? ________________________________________________________________ 68. Why could Yuki and the other students act so quickly when the shaking stopped? ________________________________________________________________ 69. How did Yuki and the other older students help the younger children run up the hill? (No more than 15 words.) ________________________________________________________________ 70. What did Mr Sato mean by “Hope you never need it” in Paragraph 2? ________________________________________________________________ Task2 71. Yuki’s feelings kept changing during the story. What were her feelings at different moments? What caused them to change? (No more than 12 words in each blank) At first, Yuki felt bored because she thought a real tsunami would never happen. When the earthquake started, ________________________________________________________. After taking a deep breath, __________________________________________________________. In the end, ________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】66. No, she didn’t. 67. They ran out of the classrooms and up the hill behind the school. 68. Because they had practiced the drill hundreds of times. 69. They held their hands, pulled them forward and shouted encouragement. 70. He hoped they would never face a real tsunami. 71. ①. she felt scared because the shaking was very strong ②. she became calm and followed the others ③. she felt relieved because the drill had worked 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了日本釜石市的一名初中生Yuki起初对海啸演练不耐烦，但在2011年大地震发生时，正是平时的演练让她和同学们冷静逃生，并帮助了更小的孩子，最终幸存下来的故事。 【66题详解】 根据文章第2段“‘Another drill,’ she said impatiently. ‘But we never have a real one.’”可知 ，Yuki起初觉得演练没必要，不认为它是必要的。 【67题详解】 根据文章第1段“When the school bell rang in a special way, they ran out of the classrooms and up the hill behind the school.”可知，学生们的反应。答案是原文直接信息。 【68题详解】 根据文章第1段“students did the same tsunami drill”和第4段“as they had done hundreds of times before”可知，他们行动迅速是因为之前练习过数百次。答案是对原文信息的总结。 【69题详解】 根据文章第6段“She took his hand...pulling them forward, slowing down when they almost fell, and shouting, ‘Keep going! Higher! Higher!’”可知，他们通过拉手、牵引和鼓励来帮助小孩子。答案是对原文信息的概括。 【70题详解】 根据文章第2段“Hope you never need it.”，结合语境是海啸演练，可知老师希望永远不要发生真正的海啸，这样就不需要真的逃生。 【71题详解】 第一空：根据文章第3段“Yuki’s heart raced—this time the drill was real.”可知，地震开始时她感到害怕。第二空：根据文章4段“Yuki took a deep breath and then followed them calmly.”可知，深呼吸后她变得冷静。第三空：根据文章第7段“Yuki held the small boy tightly, and for the first time that day, she could breathe”可知，最后她感到释然。 VI．Writing（写话）（共15分） 72. Write no less than 70 words on the topic “friendship” according to the given information（以“友谊”为题写一篇不少70个单词的短文，标点符号不占格） Alice的生日快到了，但今年不同往常，她的生活中出现了些小插曲，请根据她的生活合照和发帖截图展开合理想象，写一个关于友谊的故事。（不得透露真实信息） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Friendship Alice and Mary have been best friends since 2024. Alice’s 14th birthday was drawing near in June 2026. Mary seemed to forget it. Alice felt sad and posted her feelings online. Her mom saw it and asked, “What happened?” Her friend Luke guessed there might be a surprise. On her birthday, Mary came with a big gift. Alice was surprised and moved. Alice realized that Mary would never forget her big day. True friendship means caring for one another. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，以一般过去时为主 明确要点：Alice的生日快到了、生活中出现小插曲（根据生活合照和发帖截图展开合理想象)、个人感悟 确定人称：第三人称（she/Alice） 注意事项：不得透露真实信息， 不少70个单词，标点符号不占格 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：介绍Alice和好友的关系，铺垫背景 主体段：按时间顺序写小插曲的发展 结尾段：总结主题，升华对友谊的理解 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：背景铺垫(Alice的生日快到了) 事件背景： Alice’s 14th birthday was drawing near in June 2026/Her birthday was just around the corner/Alice’s 14th birthday was coming soon等 要点二：小插曲开端（结合发帖截图） 心情表达：felt sad/feel lonely/feel a little disappointed等 失落原因：Mary seemed to forget it/Her friend didn’t wish her or talk about plans/No one seemed to remember her big day等 发帖行为：posted her feelings online/shared her sadness on social media/wrote a post about her worries等 要点三：情节转折（结合评论互动） 收到关心：Her friend Luke guessed there might be a surprise/got some warm replies/felt comforted by the messages等 要点四：惊喜揭晓（呼应生日场景） 感动心情： was surprised and moved/was deeply touched/couldn’t believe her eyes等 要点五：结尾升华 个人感悟：True friendship means caring for one another/learned that real friends never forget you/understood the true meaning of friendship等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $null 八年级英语学科（2026年6月） 考生注意： 1．本试卷共6大题，72小题。试卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟。 2．所有试题答案务必用黑色水笔填写在答题纸上对应编号的空格内。答案填写在试卷上不给分。 Part 1 Listening（第1部分 听力） Ⅰ．Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共25分） A．Listen and choose the right picture（听句子，选择最恰当的图片）（每小题1分，共5分） 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. B．Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer to the question（听对话和问题，选择最恰当的答案）（每小题1分，共5分） 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. A photography class. B. A drawing class. C. A piano class. 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The white jacket. B. The black jacket. C. The red jacket. 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Go camping another day. B. Buy new tents and sleeping bags. C. Sleep in a tent tonight. 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She bought the sweater because it was cheap. B. She thought about buying another sweater. C. She left the shop without the sweater. 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Avoid talking about the different ideas. B. Finish the whole project by himself. C. Exchange his ideas with Jack peacefully. C．（每小题1分，共5分） Listen to the passage and choose the correct answer（听短文，选择最恰当的答案）【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. The school set up the special seat mainly to let students ________. A. sit and rest B. spend time outside C. make more friends 12. At first, ________ students tried the special seat. A. no B. many C. a few 13. ________ was most possibly the first person to use the special seat. A. A school teacher B. A class monitor C. A girl called Tina 14. Tina became close friends with the two girls after they ________ together. A. solved problems B. talked quietly C. played badminton 15. During the Friendship Week, students can ________. A. join games and talks B. meet new monitors C. solve small problems D．（每空格2分，共10分） Listen to the report and complete the table and the pie chart.（听报告，用听到的内容完成表格和饼图，每空格限填1至3个单词或数字）【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Place the ____16____ Time on ____17____ Topic Chinese culture Artist Fan Kuan, one of the most famous ____18____ ____19____ ____20____ Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar （第2部分 语音、词汇与语法） Ⅱ．（每小题1分，共8分） Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage（从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语完成短文，每个单词或短语仅可使用一次，有一个选项是多余的） A. firmly B. went off C. confused D. realised E. got away In the 1930s, a Swiss physicist named Walter Jaeger started working on a device to detect poison gas. He ____21____ believed that such an invention would save many lives. However, after years of trying, he still couldn’t make it work. The device just wouldn’t react to the gas, and Jaeger felt deeply ____22____—everything in the design seemed right, but nothing happened. One afternoon, after another failed test, Jaeger sat back in his chair and lit a cigarette. To his great surprise, the device suddenly ____23____! At first, he thought something was broken. Then he ____24____; although his device couldn’t sense poison gas, it could sense the smoke from his cigarette! A. warn B. rescued C. lasted D. mean E. deal Jaeger’s “failure” turned out to be a brilliant discovery, people gradually found out that this small device could ____25____ families before a fire turned dangerous. Later, his device became the basis of the modern smoke alarm, which is now found in millions of homes around the world. Over the past decades, smoke alarms have ____26____ countless lives, especially those of children and the elderly. Jaeger’s invention has ____27____ for nearly a hundred years. Today, buying and installing (安装) a smoke alarm may cost much, but many families still find it a good ____28____ because it can actually save lives. Ⅲ．（每小题1分，共12分） Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案完成短文） In today’s world, the highly competitive (竞争的) market requires businesses ____29____ for new ways to stay strong. In this passage, we would like to share some useful ____30____. . Use new technologies New technologies often have huge influences ____31____ the market. All large companies have R&D departments (研发部门) ____32____ they can keep up. . Respond to customers’ needs Companies need to ask ____33____ about what the buyers really need. McDonald’s (麦当劳) ____34____ salads to their menus since around 1987. The reason was that people started to like healthier food. . Offer new products for new customers More new customers ____35____ sometimes lead to higher profits (利润). Back in 2006, video games giant Nintendo developed a new game controller for girls and old people ____36____ boys were the main group of game players at that time. . Change the way of providing services Some people only have so little spare time that they like having what they’ve bought delivered to their homes. Meanwhile, ____37____ probably prefer ____38____ the real goods to shopping on phones. In one word, the harder the companies think and try, ____39____ they are to win. There is always ____40____ they can do to make the products or services better. 29. A. look B. looking C. to look 30. A. advice B. tip C. suggestion 31. A. on B. in C. of 32. A. unless B. so that C. as soon as 33. A. them B. they C. themselves 34. A. has introduced B. introduced C. introduces 35. A. can B. must C. need 36. A. because B. if C. although 37. A. others B. other C. the other 38. A. check B. checking C. to check 39. A. more likely B. the more likely C. the most likely 40. A. something B. anything C. everything Ⅳ．（每小题2分，共10分） Complete the conversation with proper sentences as required (根据要求用恰当的句子完成对话内容) Situation: A typhoon is coming tonight. Lily and her mother are preparing at home. Mum: Lily, the weather report says a strong typhoon is coming. Lily: Yes, I just heard the news. _____________41_____________ here? (就时间提问) Mum: It will arrive in 2 hours. Can you check _____________42_____________? (用宾语从句完成句子) Lily: There are enough batteries at home. Don’t worry! Dad bought a big pack yesterday. Mum: Good. Then let’s close all the windows, _____________43_____________? (填写附加问句) Situation: The typhoon has arrived. Mum: Lily, look outside —_____________44_____________! (连词成句：is/now/outside/it/dangerous/how/to/go) Lily: It’s horrible. I’m a little worried about Grandma. _____________45_____________? (根据答句写出一般疑问句) Mum: Yes. I called her this morning. She’s safe at Uncle’s house. Part 3 Reading and Writing（第3部分 阅读与写话） Ⅴ．Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共30分） A．（每小题1分，共6分） Read and match（根据短文内容，为相应的人物选择其最合适的服饰商店） ____46____ Our family is leaving for a winter skiing trip to Harbin! The weather report says it’ll be sunny. But you know, it’s Harbin. My uncle also warned us the temperature could drop below freezing, so I’ll pack thick coats and warm clothes instead. ____47____ I really want to wear my casual shirts and jeans for the school award night because I’ll feel less nervous. My dad suggested something else like a dark suit jacket and a formal bow tie. What do you think? ____48____ My friend invited me to a themed party. I do have some bright trousers and some Chinese folk dresses at home. Wait... the invitation says the theme is the 1950s. Maybe an old-fashioned dress with some small white polka dots would be much better. ____49____ The dance show is getting closer, so daily practice is important. The only problem is my usual clothes are wearing out. I need to get something new. Loose, baggy clothes are the most suitable choice because they allow me to move, jump, and perform floor tricks easily. ____50____ Our school holds the Talents Festival every year. I asked Doubao for advice on what to wear for my dance competition this year. It recommended a bright red traditional dress. It also said the sleeves must be long, so I can create beautiful shapes in the air. ____51____ It’s finally time to enjoy myself. Koh Lipe Island, I am coming! There is still plenty of space in my suitcase. Maybe I can bring more light clothes for my holiday. A flowery shirt and a pair of shorts? They would be perfect for the beach and sunshine. A. B. C. D. E. F. B．（每小题1分，共6分） Read and choose (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案). Friendship is important in middle school. It can make school life warmer and help us feel less lonely. However, a good friendship does not become strong in one day. Like a young plant, it needs time, care and respect. Trust is one important part of friendship. A true friend is someone you can talk to safely. When you share a worry or a secret, he or she does not laugh at you or pass your words on to others. Your words stay between you and your friend, so you feel safe to say what is really on your mind. Being a good listener is also important. When a friend is upset, we often want to give advice quickly. But sometimes advice is not the first thing a friend needs. A patient listener may help more than a quick answer. A healthy friendship also gives both people space. Your friend may have other friends, hobbies or plans. This does not mean he or she cares about you less. It’s totally natural for both of you to have your own lives. Of course, friends do not always have the same ideas. When they disagree, they should talk about the problem calmly. Saying “I feel ...” is often better than saying “You always ...”. As a result, friends can understand each other without starting a bigger argument. Choosing the right time matters, too. Talking about the disagreement right away won’t make the anger go away. Good friends do not have to talk about a problem the moment it happens. Instead, they take some time to cool down first, so the talk can be calmer and kinder. No friendship is perfect. Good friends may make mistakes, but they are willing to say sorry and try again. A strong friendship is built with honesty, kindness and respect. 52. In the underlined part, the writer compares friendship to a young plant mainly because friendship always ________. A. becomes stronger slowly B. makes school life warmer C. needs students to value and develop D. makes students less lonely 53. According to the article, you might feel safe talking to a friend most probably because he/she will ________. A. listen carefully B. give useful advice C. cheer him up D. keep his/her words private 54. After reading this article, your friend Mike might feel ________ when you have other plans with other friends. A. surprised B. calm C. disappointed D. angry 55. The correct cause-and-effect relationship in this article is ________. A. A friend feels upset. →We give advice quickly. B. Friends say “You always...”. →They can avoid a bigger argument. C. A friend has other hobbies. →The friend cares about you less. D. Friends say “I feel...”. →They can understand each other better. 56. According to the article, which pair best shows a strong and healthy friendship? A. Tom expressed his ideas while Jack was sharing his. B. Whenever Judy and Nick have a problem, they always talk about it at once. C. Tina once argued with Lisa, and they apologised to each other a few days later. D. Lily and Jane like spending time together, and they don’t make new friends. 57. The passage mainly tells us ________. A. why middle school students need more friends B. what students need to build a good friendship C. how students can become popular at school D. why friends sometimes have different ideas C．（每小题1分，共8分） Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的词语完成短文) Many people will think about the smart helpers in the future world when they hear the word “robot”. ____58____, people were making unbelievable machines with human abilities hundreds of years ago! Egyptian texts from 1100 BCE mention using moving sculptures to choose the next “king”. But were they really there? Nobody knows for sure because researchers can find ____59____ of these sculptures now. The Greek (希腊的) writer Polybius also wrote about a big robotic arm called “The Claw (爪、钳)” in 213 BCE. People made it during a war against the Romans (罗马人), and it hung over the city wall ____60____ the sea. When a Roman ship came close, the arm caught the front of the ship and ____61____. Then the boat fell into the sea and sank. Again, just like the moving sculptures, we don’t know ____62____ people really made these machines. Another Greek inventor, Philon of Byzantium, built a waitress robot at about the same time. It could mix water and wine to make a drink. But the robot wasn’t ____63____ at all because people didn’t need robots to work. They had lots of slaves (奴隶). The famous artist Leonardo da Vinci loved ____64____ robots and his plans were very detailed (详细的) and practical. Even today’s engineers borrow ideas from them. But da Vinci brought only a few of his ideas from the paper into the real world because of the technology limit. What a pity! One of da Vinci’s robots was a lion. He built it for the king of France in 1515. It could walk and give flowers! In 2009, a robot company used the plan to make the lion again. It worked ____65____! No matter how modern technology has moved on, these “old” robots still amaze people today. 58. A. For example B. However C. In short D. As a result 59. A. many B. some C. all D. none 60. A. from B. in C. towards D. across 61. A. turned it over B. picked it up C. broke it up D. pushed it back 62. A. when B. how C. whether D. where 63. A. affordable B. popular C. safe D. independent 64. A. drawing B. imagining C. designing D. building 65. A. hardly B. terribly C. carefully D. perfectly D．（第66至68题，每题1分，第69与70题，每题2分，共7分） Read and complete the tasks（根据短文内容，完成相应任务） Task 1 Answer the questions（回答下列问题） Miracle of Kamaishi Every spring at a junior high school in the coastal town of Kamaishi, Japan, students did the same tsunami drill (演练). When the school bell rang in a special way, they ran out of the classrooms and up the hill behind the school. Once, during a drill, 13-year-old Yuki sighed. “Another drill,” she said impatiently. “But we never have a real one.” Their teacher Mr Sato answered, “Hope you never need it. But do it like it’s real.” At 2:46 p.m. on 11 March 2011, the ground began to shake. The shaking was longer and stronger than anything the students had ever felt. Books fell off shelves; the lights died. Yuki’s heart raced — this time the drill was real. When the shaking stopped, the older students around her were already running outside and moving up the hill as they had done hundreds of times before. Yuki took a deep breath and then followed them calmly. Near the gate, Yuki saw a group of elementary school children. Some were crying; others stood frozen. One small boy had stopped in the middle of the road, too frightened to move. Yuki slowed down. She could not leave him there. She took his hand. Another junior high student took the hand of a girl beside him. Soon more older students were running with the younger ones, pulling them forward, slowing down when they almost fell, and shouting, “Keep going! Higher! Higher!” Together, hundreds of children climbed up the hill. Minutes later, the sea came over the wall and swallowed (吞噬) the school buildings below. On the higher ground, the children gathered close. Yuki held the small boy in her arms. Around her, some were crying; some were laughing through their tears. Yuki held the small boy tightly, and for the first time that day, she could breathe. The drill she had once laughed about had worked. 66. Yuki thought the drill was necessary at first, didn’t she? ________________________________________________________________ 67. What did the students do when the school bell rang in a special way? ________________________________________________________________ 68. Why could Yuki and the other students act so quickly when the shaking stopped? ________________________________________________________________ 69. How did Yuki and the other older students help the younger children run up the hill? (No more than 15 words.) ________________________________________________________________ 70. What did Mr Sato mean by “Hope you never need it” in Paragraph 2? ________________________________________________________________ Task2 71. Yuki’s feelings kept changing during the story. What were her feelings at different moments? What caused them to change? (No more than 12 words in each blank) At first, Yuki felt bored because she thought a real tsunami would never happen. When the earthquake started, ________________________________________________________. After taking a deep breath, __________________________________________________________. In the end, ________________________________________________________________________. VI．Writing（写话）（共15分） 72. Write no less than 70 words on the topic “friendship” according to the given information（以“友谊”为题写一篇不少70个单词的短文，标点符号不占格） Alice的生日快到了，但今年不同往常，她的生活中出现了些小插曲，请根据她的生活合照和发帖截图展开合理想象，写一个关于友谊的故事。（不得透露真实信息） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $