Unit 1 Past and present Grammar课件2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

该初中英语课件聚焦现在完成时，通过例句解析、时间线图示和对话分析，从具体语境到规则总结，帮助学生理解其三种用法、动词过去分词变化及时间状语，构建清晰的语法学习支架。 其亮点在于结合深圳变化等真实语境实例，设计长短动词转换练习和小组对话活动，培养学生语言能力（语法应用与表达）和思维品质（分析与迁移）。学生能在实践中掌握语法，教师可通过结构化内容提升教学效率。

Unit 1 Past and present Grammar Grammar Objectives 01 sum up the rules of the present perfect tense. 02 finish the exercises using the present perfect. At the end of this lesson, you will be able to Read and work out the rules He’s lived there since he finished college. 自从大学毕业以来， 他就一直住在那里。 居住在深圳的动作一直持续到现在 past present have lived there We use the present perfect tense to talk about: an action that started in the past and continues to the present; （从过去持续到现在的动作或状态）; Read and work out the rules past present I have lost my mobile phone. 我的手机丢了 an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the ______________ (past, present); （动作发生在过去但对现在有一定的影响）; My mobile phone lost I don't have a phone. present 手机丢失导致我现在没有手机 Read the conversation below and answer the questions. I've just found out many things about Shenzhen from my uncle. He's lived there since he finished college. Really? What did he tell you? He said there are a lot more jobs now in Shenzhen, and the living conditions are much better. That's nice. Did he tell you anything else? Yes.Transport has also improved a lot. People can get around the city easily. Wow. I hope one day I can visit Shenzhen. Have you been to Shenzhen before? I’ve only been there once, but I’m planning to go there again this summer. You can join me! Great idea! Millie: Sandy: Millie: Sandy: Millie: Sandy: Millie: Sandy: What changes has taken place in Shenzhen? Which tense is used in the underlined sentences? present perfect tense (现在完成时) 你知道动词过去分词的变化规则吗？ We form the present perfect with ____________________ _________ of the main verb. have / has + the past participle Read and work out the rules I’ve been to Shenzhen three times. 我去过深圳三次。 past present how many times an action has happened up to ______________(the present, some point in the future). （表示某个动作从过去到现在发生的次数） the present Read and work out the rules The usages of present perfect tense 1 2 3 从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 表示某个动作从过去到现在发生的次数 动作发生在过去但对现在有一定的影响 present the present Grammar Base form 动词原形 Simple Past 过去式 变化规则 look look look move move move carry carr carr stop stop stop 一般动词，加ed 以不发音的e结尾的动词，加d 以“辅音+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加ed 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加ed 大多数动词的过去分词的变化 ed ed d d Past Participle 过去分词 ed ed p p ed y i ed y i When do we use the present perfect tense? 1. for + 一段时间 eg: for five days 2. since + 时间点 / 一般过去时的句子 eg: since last Sunday, since he arrived 3. just, already, yet, recently, over (the past / last...) years, so far, till now, until now, up to now, by now, 4. ever, never, before 5. Time adverbials indicating the number of times eg: three times 1. Tom and Amy _____ never _______ ____ South Hill. 2. Kitty _____ _______ ______ Hong Kong with her family. They will come back next week. 3. ______ you ever ______ abroad? 4. I _______ ______ _______ Nanjing for about 5 years. 5. The foreigner _______ ______ ______ China since 2006. 6. Where ______ you ______? I can’t find you anywhere. have been to has gone to Have been have been in has been in have been for 和 since的用法: They have had the house for 10 years. = They have had the house since 10 years ago. 提问：How long have they had the house? 1. for + 段时间 = since + 段时间 + ago 现完 2. 提问： How long? Presentation We form the past participles of irregular verbs differently. Here are some examples on page 13. Presentation Look at “Grammar check” on page 157. Presentation Look at “Grammar check” on page 157. Presentation Pay attention to the structures of the positive and negative sentences in the present perfect tense. Presentation Pay attention to the structures of the yes-no questions in the present perfect tense and their answers. He has been away from Beijing for a week. He has had a car since 2007. 短动词 长动词 短动词 长动词 长短动词的转换： 长短动词的转换 短V 长V 开始 (1) The film ______ (begin) 20 minutes ago. The film _____________ for 20 minutes began has been on (2) The parade __________ (finish) hours ago. The parade _____________ for hours. 结束 /end finished has been over Tip 1: 短动词用一过，长动词用现完 What are the changes in your hometown? Housing We used to live in small houses, but most families have moved into new buildings. What are the changes in your hometown? Culture Environment Industry The quality of life Transport 长短动词的转换 短V 长V 来/去/到 Kitty _______ Hong Kong two days ago. reached 离开 She left home last Tuesday. Pair work A: Hi! Long time no see. I heard you went back to your hometown last month. How was the visit? B: Oh, it’s amazing!_____________________________________________. A: Wow, that’s great. My hometown has changed a lot too.______________ _____________________________________________________________. B: Really? ____________________________________________________. A: That’s cool. In my hometown, __________________________________. B: Times really have changed. I think our hometowns will become even better in the future. A: I agree. I can’t wait to go back during the holiday to see more changes! Present perfect tense Form the past participles of verbs When to use the present perfect tense Form the sentence structures Time adverbials have/has + done have/has+ not + done Have/Has + subject+ done...? Yes, subject + have/has. No, subject + haven’t/hasn’t. present the present 长短动词的转换 短V 长V 借 She borrowed this book last week. How long can I ______ (借) this book? keep 买 buy have/has had I bought the car three years ago. I _____ _____ the car ______ three years ago. have had since Time adverbials ❀since + a specific time/+ a sentence in the simple past tense ❀ for + a period of time ❀ over / in the (past / last) years “在(过去的)这几年间” ❀ so far, up to now, until / till now “到目前为止” ❀ already “己经” “还(没)”“己经” ❀ yet ❀ ever “曾经” ❀ never “从未” ❀ just “刚刚” ❀ recently “最近” ❀ before “以前” ❀ time adverbials indicating the number of times 表示次数 Presentation Pay attention to the time adverbials of the present perfect tense. 长短动词的转换 短V 长V 加入 /has been in Simon joined the Football Club last year. 结婚 A married B 15 years ago. =A and B got married .... =A got married to B.... Compulsory homework: (1) Review the grammar rules. (2) Write an article about the changes in your hometown, using the present perfect tense. Optional homework: Interview your classmates and know more about the changes in their hometown. Homework Thanks for your listening! $