江苏南京市宁海中学2025-2026学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

**基本信息** 试卷以科技前沿（中科大科研实习）、文化传承（竹编工艺、丝绸之路）和社会热点（睡眠研究、运动员心理健康）为素材，融合语言能力与思维品质，通过真实情境考查信息获取与价值判断，适配高一学生期末综合能力评估。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|4篇/50分|细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测|如科研项目介绍题考查信息定位，传统工艺创新文引导文化传承思考，情境真实且具思想性| |完形填空|1篇/15分|词汇辨析、上下文逻辑|以竹编工艺传承为线索，考查"meager""precision"等词汇在文化保护语境中的运用| |语法填空|1篇/15分|时态、非谓语、从句|丝绸之路主题，如"stretching""were sought"等语法点与历史文化融合| |写作|2篇/40分|图表描述、故事续写|图表作文分析"翘饭"现象培养数据解读能力，家庭清洁故事续写考查叙事逻辑与创新表达|

高一（下）期末测试 2026.6 英 语 一、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共50分） The University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) research internship program provides the opportunity for graduate students or 3rd/4th year undergraduate students to participate in research projects to gain valuable experience on a variety of cutting-edge research at USTC． Program Benefits ·Enhance research capability in state-of-the-art labs under the guidance of professors at USTC． ·Have a competitive edge in application for Master's, PhD．and post-doctoral programs at USTC by developing relationships with faculty and students. ·Apply for free Chinese language and culture class to learn basic Chinese language and explore unique Hui culture. Application Qualification 1. Good command of English. 2. Non-Chinese citizens with a foreign passport. 3. Currently enrolled full-time students in undergraduate Year 3/4, Master’s, or doctoral programs. Cost ·Tuition: 2,100 RMB (≈304 USD) per month (undergraduate student or master student).2,600 RMB (≈377 USD) per month (PhD student). • Student dormitory: 500-1,000 RMB (≈73-146 USD) per month depending on room type and size. ●Insurance: 160 RMB (≈23 USD) per month. Scholarship USTC offers limited scholarships to outstanding students. All applicants will be evaluated. USTC Fellowship Level A 1. free tuition 2.comprehensive medical insurance 3. free university dormitory 4. grant: 2,500 RMB (≈392 USD)/ month (Bachelor) 3,000 RMB (≈470 USD)/ month (Master) 3,500 RMB (≈550 USD)/ month (PhD) Level B 1. free tuition 2. comprehensive medical insurance Level C free tuition 1．Why might international students be interested in the free classes provided by the program? A．They can get help from USTC professors in the classes. B．They can gain a competitive edge for post-doctoral programs. C．They can learn basic Chinese and know about Hui culture. D．They can use the lab resources after finishing the classes. 2．Who is qualified for this research internship program? A．Chinese Year 2 undergraduates with fluent English. B．Chinese post-doctoral researchers with good grades. C．Part-time foreign PhD students with proficient English. D．Full-time English Master’s students with a foreign passport. 3．How much does a Fellowship Level B student pay at least? A．23 USD/month. B．73 USD/month. C．146 USD/month. D．304 USD/month. Last summer, I volunteered at a small woodworking studio in the old part of our city. It was there that I met Mr. Chen, a 58-year-old master craftsman whose hands told stories of decades working with wood. While his workshop was filled with traditional tools, what he created was anything but conventional wooden furniture that perfectly blended classic craftsmanship with contemporary design. What struck me most was Mr. Chen’s unique perspective on what he called “new-era craftsmanship.” Though he learned woodworking from his father as a teenager, he never confined himself to old methods. Recognizing the changing preferences of younger customers, he spent evenings teaching himself 3D modeling software and weekends researching sustainable materials like bamboo composites and water-based finishes. I witnessed his innovative approach firsthand when a young couple asked for a custom bookshelf for their small apartment. They needed something space-efficient, eco-friendly, and easy to tear apart for potential moves. Mr. Chen embraced the challenge enthusiastically. Over the next week, he created multiple digital prototypes, experimented with three different types of wood, and reinvented traditional techniques to create interlocking joints that required no metal fasteners. I often found him working late, his experienced hands carefully testing each component. When I asked why he invested such extraordinary effort into what seemed like a simple project, he paused from his work and smiled. “True craftsmanship isn’t about blindly repeating what our ancestors did,” he explained. “It’s about understanding the essence of tradition while having the courage to adapt it for today’s world.” To illustrate his point, he showed me two bookshelves — one he made twenty years ago, beautiful in its solid construction, and the new prototype, which used thirty percent less material while being equally steady and more functional for modern living. Through Mr. Chen’s example, I came to understand that new-era craftsmanship represents the perfect marriage of dedication and innovation. It honors the past while embracing the future, proving that excellence comes not from doing one thing forever, but from doing it well with an ever-evolving spirit. 4．Traditional tools are mentioned in Paragraph1 to _______. A．stress Mr. Chen’s source of inspiration B．highlight the wisdom of past generations C．promote the spirit of traditional craftsmanship D．contrast with Mr.Chen’s modern and creative ideas 5．Why does the author list specific requests from the young couple? A．To display the shift of traditional craftsmanship. B．To reveal the challenges facing today’s craftsmen. C．To imply the need for craftsmen to go with the times. D．To distinguish modern approaches from traditional ones. 6．What does “true craftsmanship” mean in Mr. Chen’s viewpoint? A．Creating resource-efficient products. B．Persisting through testing and effort. C．Adapting traditional wisdom for modern use. D．Combining digital and traditional techniques. 7．What does Mr. Chen’s story show? A．The best of both worlds. B．Two sides of a coin. C．If it isn’t broken, don’t fix it. D．What is new is not always better. Travellers have long feared being swallowed into the peatlands (泥炭地): “If his foot slips ... it is possible he may never more be heard of,” described William Gilpin in 1772. But now the image of this ecosystem finally turns a corner. UNESCO has recognized the Flow Country as a world heritage (遗产) site-the first peatland to make the list-due to its natural characteristics: the remarkable variety of plants and animals that live there. It’s also recognized that these peatlands are not humankind’s enemy but an important partner in the fight against climate crisis. Peat has formed in the Flow Country for 8,000 years, trapping carbon. It’s vital this carbon stays to avoid further global heating. The Flow Country was chosen for its natural heritage not cultural significance, which comes as a welcome contrast to the vast majority of the UK’s other world heritage sites. Prioritising culture might make sense for places like Stonehenge or Durham Cathedral, but the Lake District? Not so much. The Lake District National Park is remarkable for its natural geography: deep valleys, uneven peaks and icy lakes. People have long shaped the area, but their impact is just a thin layer on a remarkably splendid landscape. Yet, when the park gained world heritage status in 2017, it was largely upon the basis of its relatively recent tradition of sheep farming. The decision reflected how the English perceive the natural world. But the recognition of the Flow Country looks even more profound. It represents a change not only in our perception of peatlands but of nature itself. Unlike the Lake District, it prioritises not sheep, but moss (苔藓). This approach aligns with the growing movement to recognise the rights of nature: to reframe the natural world as something more than a collection of raw materials. None of that is to ignore humans’ role in the Flow Country but we should recognize that no landscape in the UK can be considered in isolation from its culture, while also remembering that the human story never unfolds alone. 8．Why does the author quote William Gilpin in paragraph 1? A．To illustrate the author’s point. B．To give a scientific explanation. C．To provide historical background. D．To present a common partial view. 9．For what was the Flow Country recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site? A．Climate benefit and natural value. B．Beautiful scenery and conservation efforts. C．Geographical uniqueness and rare species. D．Educational significance and cultural value. 10．What does the underlined phrase “aligns with” in paragraph 4 mean? A．addresses. B．matches. C．Challenges. D．Outweighs. 11．What is the text mainly about? A．The formation of the Flow Country. B．The recognition of the Lake District. C．The long-overdue respect for peatlands. D．The conservation difficulties of peatlands. Much has been discussed about how modern lifestyles lead to insufficient sleep, unlike our ancestors who lived in simpler times. However, an analysis of 54 global sleep studies reveals that individuals in small, non-industrial societies actually sleep less than those in more industrialized regions. “Everyone I speak to in Canada and the US complains about poor sleep,” says Leela McKinnon from the University of Toronto Mississauga. “But the data doesn’t support that.” It is commonly believed that the rise of devices like smartphones has resulted in reduced sleep — often referred to as a sleep-loss epidemic. Yet, many studies reporting a decline in sleep duration rely on self-reported data, which is an unreliable measure. Research using more reliable methods, such as activity monitors or brainwave tracking, has not indicated a decrease in sleep over recent decades. For instance, a 2023 review of 168 studies found no significant drop in sleep duration over the past 50 years. However, these studies primarily focused on industrialized nations, leaving the question of whether sleep patterns were different before industrialization unanswered. The availability of wrist-based activity monitors made it easier to study sleep in non-industrial societies. Such studies have revealed short sleep durations. For instance, among hunter-gatherers, the San peoples in southern Africa sleep for 6.7 hours a night on average. McKinnon and her colleague David Samson, also from the University of Toronto Mississauga, have participated in several relevant studies. They compared sleep habits in industrialized nations — like the US and Australia — with those in smaller, non-industrial communities, including local groups in the Amazon, Madagascar, and Tanna Island in the Pacific. Their analysis, the most comprehensive to date, involved direct measurements of sleep in 866 participants aged 18 and older with no serious health issues. They discovered that individuals in non-industrial societies averaged 6.4 hours of sleep, while those in industrial societies averaged 7.1 hours. Additionally, people in non-industrial societies were asleep for 74% of their time in bed, compared to 88% in industrialized areas, a concept known as sleep efficiency. Samson believes that people in industrialized societies sleep longer and better because their environment is more suitable for sleep. “We see that we’ve made some real gains in the safety and security of our sleep sites,” he says, “We no longer need to worry about rival groups or predators at night.” 12．What does Leela McKinnon think of sleep complaints? A．They are overstated by people. B．They are supported by data. C．They are unique to Canada. D．They are caused by smartphones. 13．How did the researchers conduct their research on people’s sleep habits? A．By collecting sleep data of different age groups. B．By interviewing participants about their sleep routines. C．By analyzing health problems of sleep-deficient people. D．By comparing sleep conditions of different societies. 14．Why do people in industrial societies sleep better? A．They sleep less but feel better. B．Their sleep technology is advanced. C．They are more used to short sleep. D．Their sleep environments are safer. 15．What is the passage mainly about? A．Research challenges beliefs about sleep. B．Technology greatly reduces sleep time. C．Industrialization worsens sleep quality. D．Non-industrial societies sleep better. The power of no: how to build strong, healthy boundaries No. A tiny, yet mighty word. To hear it can make us feel childlike; sheepish or in trouble. 16 In July, when the gymnast Simone. Biles withdrew from most of her Olympics. appearances, citing emotional exhaustion that was affecting her ability to perform, her “no” was absolutely unexpected. 17 White, male sports experts used the word “selfish”. It was a similar story when the tennis player Naomi Osaka withdrew from the French Open in May, speaking of “long bouts（发作）of depression” and “huge waves of anxiety” before her pre-and post-match press conferences. For both women, after a lifetime of intensive training, in the world’s gaze, the risks of saying no were huge. 18 A superstar athlete such as Biles pulling away from the most honored sporting event in the world to prioritize her state of mind felt culturally influential, yet remarkably simple. 19 20 According to Steve Magness, an Olympic athletics coach and performance scientist, “You spend years building towards a moment and have external pressure coming at you which transforms into unbelievable internal pressure. I don’t think the everyday person understands that.” Magness has spent a decade researching toughness, namely, our “deep misunderstanding” of what it really means. “The easy dec. was to push onwards no matter what. You can always defend ‘trying’. The hard decision was to say no.” A．Reactions were largely supportive, but opinions were divided along political lines in the US. B．The Olympic games are emotionally exhausting. C．For good mental health, focusing on our own toughness is crucial D．How does it make you feel to say “no”? Strong? Nervous? Guilty? E．When we find it difficult to say ‘no’ at work or at home, our responsibilities can quickly become overwhelming. F．But the message was that they were removing themselves from systems that might not protect them. G．Why shouldn’t she put others’ expectations second if feeling completely overwhelmed? 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15分） Li Jia returned to her hometown in the remote mountains last summer, only to find the once-thriving bamboo weaving industry on the edge of 21 . The old workshops, where her grandfather once spent decades perfecting his 22 , now stood empty, their wooden frames covered in dust. The familiar sound of bamboo strips being split — once a constant backdrop to village life — had fallen silent. When she asked Uncle Wang, the last remaining master weaver in the village, why no young people wanted to learn the craft, he sighed heavily. “Bamboo weaving takes at least five years to master, and the pay is 23 compared to factory jobs in the city. Young folks are in too much of a hurry to 24 the patience it requires. They’d rather work overtime for quick money than sit for hours splitting bamboo into thin, even strips.” His words left Li Jia with a deep sense of 25 ; she remembered watching her grandfather weave baskets as a child, his hands moving with effortless 26 , turning raw bamboo into works of art. Determined to 27 the tradition from fading away, Li Jia quit her office job in the city and moved back home. She started by documenting Uncle Wang’s weaving process — taking hundreds of photos and videos, 28 every detail of how he softened bamboo in boiling water, split it with a bamboo knife, and wove the strips into delicate baskets and mats. At first, her efforts were met with 29 . Some villagers joked that she was “chasing ghosts of the past,” while others doubted a young woman could ever 30 such a complex craft. But Li Jia didn’t let the doubt stop her. She set up an online shop, where she sold the pieces Uncle Wang made, and used the profits to 31 high-quality bamboo for him. She also created short videos about bamboo weaving, sharing the stories behind each piece — how a basket’s pattern was inspired by mountain clouds, or how a mat’s color reflected the village’s autumn foliage. To her surprise, the videos went viral, attracting thousands of views from people 32 in traditional crafts. Slowly, Li Jia’s work 33 . More young people in the village began to gather around Uncle Wang’s workshop, asking to learn. She even organized workshops in nearby cities, where she taught urban residents the basics of bamboo weaving. “It’s not just about making baskets,” Li Jia told a reporter during an interview. “It’s about keeping our ancestors’ wisdom 34 — a way to let the world know that our small village has something precious to 35 .” Today, the sound of splitting bamboo has returned to the village. And for Li Jia, that sound is more than just noise — it’s the sound of tradition coming back to life. 21．A．disappearance B．emergence C．survival D．growth 22．A．skill B．craft C．technique D．hobby 23．A．generous B．flexible C．meager D．stable 24．A．develop B．abandon C．ignore D．test 25．A．pride B．relief C．regret D．urgency 26．A．caution B．clumsiness C．precision D．hesitation 27．A．rescue B．prevent C．ban D．separate 28．A．skipping B．capturing C．modifying D．hiding 29．A．enthusiasm B．skepticism C．approval D．curiosity 30．A．master B．invent C．reform D．promote 31．A．donate B．store C．purchase D．export 32．A．experienced B．absorbed C．successful D．interested 33．A．faded B．spread C．paid off D．broke down 34．A．alive B．secret C．safe D．hidden 35．A．protect B．offer C．gain D．inherit 三、语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Silk Road, covering vast distances and an astonishing 36 (vary) of landscapes, was a network of ancient trade routes from East Asia to the Mediterranean. A crucial section of the network is the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor 37 (stretch) through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The three countries successfully pursued the route’s status in UNESCO World Heritage. The Silk Road began to develop in the 2nd century BCE when Zhang Qian, the ambassador assigned by the emperor, 38 (journey) from Chang’an to Central Asia. Different ways 39 (seek) by Zhang Qian to build bridges between the major powers of the time, 40 the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. 41 (initial), silk was the main item exported along the network 42 its weight was light and its value was high. Apart from trade exchange, the network was employed to exchange cultures, 43 shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and other areas in societies along the network. These amazingly long routes achieved a 44 (share) development by connecting Eastern and Western civilizations. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor 45 the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Road as a crucial part of mankind’s common heritage. 四、写作（第一篇15分，第二篇25分，共40分） 46．学校英文报正在开展以“How Often Meals Are Skipped”为题的调查，结果显示绝大多数学生都存在“翘饭”现象，请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 调查结果和评论； 2. 你的建议。 注意： 1. 词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 How Often Meals Are Skipped ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Martha and her husband Jeff had a fancy house in the countryside, where they spent almost every summer together with their boys Tom and Nathan. Tom was 10 and Nathan was 8,the two of whom were closely bonded, unlike some other siblings who would often fight over small things. Except for one thing, cleaning! One sunny morning, Martha called out to her children,“ Tom and Nathan, it’s time to clean your room!” The kids sighed deeply. Cleaning their room was always a chore they disliked. Unwillingly, Tom and Nathan made their way to their messy room. Toys were scattered all over the floor, clothes were piled up on chairs, and books were haphazardly (随意的) piled on the shelves. It was a complete mess! Mom entered,“ Oh, my! This room is a disaster zone! We need to work together to clean it up.” Tom and Nathan exchanged looks, clearly not pleased with the task at hand. They had a history of arguing, especially when it came to cleaning their room. Mom, sensing their unwillingness, reminded the kids,” A clean room not only look snice but also helps us find things easily. It’s important to take care of our belongings and keep our surroundings clean.” The boys didn’t respond, seemingly thinking about something. Jeff, who was passing by, overheard the dialogue and decided to lend a hand. He decided to take a different approach. He said, “I understand that cleaning can be boring, but what if we turn it into a fun challenge? Let’s see who can find the most interesting item hidden in this messy room. The winner gets to choose what we have for dessert tonight!” Tom and Nathan’s eyes lit up with excitement. They loved a good challenge, especially when there was a delicious reward involved. They eagerly accepted their father’s proposal and began searching for hidden treasures. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 They started by picking up the toys and organizing them into respective boxes. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slowly but surely, the rom began to look tidier. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 高一（下）期末测试 2026.6 英 语 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C D B D C C A D A B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C A D D A D A F G B 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A B C A D C A B B A 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 C D C A B 36．variety 37．stretching 38．journeyed 39．were sought 40．with 41．Initially 42．because 43．which 44．shared 45．to 46．【参考范文】 Our school English newspaper conducted a survey entitled “How often meals are skipped”. The results of the survey show that the percentage of students who skip meals once a day and several times a week is respectively 50% and 8%. However, those who never skip meals only account for 37%. With the development of economy, students have a lot of choices to eat. More and more students are keen on snacks, skipping regular meals, which does great harm to their health, and even their study. As far as I am concerned, it’s urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline and it’s also essential for parents and teachers to strengthen their guidance. 47． 【参考范文】 One possible version: They started by picking up the toys and organizing them into respective boxes. Tom started rummaging through a pile of clothes and discovered an old comic book that he had been searching for weeks. Nathan, on the other hand, found a missing puzzle piece buried under a stack of papers. The boys couldn’t contain their excitement as they continued their search. As they explored the room, they stumbled upon forgotten treasures, like a shiny rock, a long-lost action figure, and a secret stash of candies. Each discovery brought laughter and joy, making the cleaning process more enjoyable than they had ever imagined. Slowly but surely, the room began to look tidier. Father watched with delight as his plan unfolded. He saw her boys working together, helping each other find hidden gems, and laughing along the way. With each item they found, Tom and Nathan grew more motivated. After what seemed like hours of searching and cleaning, the boys finally declared their search complete. The room was now tidy, and their treasures were proudly displayed on the shelves. Mom entered the room, amazed at the transformation. As promised, Mom let the boys choose their favorite dessert for the night. They happily enjoyed their treats, savoring the victory that came from working together and turning a ordinary task into a memorable experience. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $