江苏南京市雨花台中学2025-2026学年高一下学期期末学情调研英语试题

**基本信息** 以危地马拉旅游、濒危语言保护、游隼迁徙基因研究等跨文化与科技素材为载体，融合语言能力与思维品质考查，适配高一学生综合素养发展需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|4篇/50分|细节理解、主旨概括、推理判断|采用文化遗产（Tikal遗址）、科技发明（Cardioskin T恤）等素材，设置梯度问题，如第7题标题拟定考查信息整合能力| |完形填空|15题/15分|词汇辨析、语境理解|以西班牙叠人塔民俗为情境，第30题“strongest”考查语境逻辑，渗透文化意识| |语法填空|10题/15分|动词时态、介词搭配、从句引导词|围绕国际游客在华支付便利化话题，第41题“designed”考查非谓语动词，体现语言运用实践性| |写作|2篇/40分|应用文（邮件）、故事续写|邮件题要求分享环保创意展，续写题围绕救助流浪犬，兼顾语言表达与思维创新，培养学习能力与社会责任感|

高一年级期末【英语】学情调研 一、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共50分） Beautiful Guatemala is a land rich in diversity and cultural heritage. Whether you hope to summit a volcano, hike through the jungle or explore ancient ruins, Guatemala will not disappoint. Tikal National Park Tikal National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most famous places in Guatemala. Tikal covers an estimated 46 miles (around 74 km) and is one of the most extraordinary archaeological sites in Central America. It is here, centuries ago, that the ancient Mayan civilisation boomed. Chichicastenango “Chichi,” as it’s known by the local Kiche population, hosts the largest market in Central America. The town comes alive on Thursdays and Sundays when vendors (小贩) come from surrounding areas to display their goods. The market bursts with varied colours and a lively atmosphere, stocking everything from vividly-colored cloth to traditional carved wooden masks. Guatemala City Brightly graffitied (涂鸦) walls line the busy streets in Guatemala City where you’ll find trendy stores, relaxing bars, and diverse art galleries. Make sure to check out La Esquina, an indoor food market with some of the best food stalls in the city. The Museo Popol Vuh is a leading museum in the world of Mayan art. Here you will be able to spend a couple of hours appreciating the incredible and comprehensive collection of Mayan as well as colonial art. Acatenango Volcano Volcano Acatenango towers almost 4,000 metres above the surrounding landscape just outside Antigua. The hike to the summit of this volcano is one of the toughest, yet most popular, in Guatemala. Not only will you get to appreciate the breathtaking views, but you will also have a bird’s-eye view of the nearby (and extremely active) Volcan Fuego. 1．What’s the best choice for someone interested in Mayan history? A．Tikal National Park. B．Chichicastenango. C．Guatemala City. D．Acatenango Volcano. 2．What do we know about Guatemala City? A．It hosts the largest market in Central America. B．It is a perfect destination for art lovers. C．You can buy vivid cloth and masks there. D．Museo Popol Vuh is a great food market. 3．What is special about Acatenango Volcano? A．A bird view of Guatemala City. B．The highest tower in Guatemala. C．The hike to the volcano summit. D．It is an extremely active volcano. A new T-shirt that continuously monitors heart activity and detects abnormalities may help prevent strokes by identifying dangerous heart conditions like atrial fibrillation (AF). This irregular heart rhythm increases the risk of stroke and affects over a million-people in Britain, with an estimated 500,000 more remaining undiagnosed due to a lack of noticeable symptoms. While some individuals experience signs like chest pain, dizziness, or fatigue, many only discover the condition after suffering a stroke. Detecting AF typically involves an electrocardiogram (ECG), performed in a hospital where trained staff attach up to 24 electrodes to different parts of the body. However, since AF often occurs intermittently (间歇地), a short hospital check-up may not detect it. To counter this, doctors sometimes provide patients with a Holter monitor, a device worn under clothing that records heart activity. However, it’s bulky, inconvenient, and requires multiple wires to be attached to the chest, making it uncomfortable for daily wear. The Cardioskin T-shirt offers a more practical alternative. Made from cotton and washable up to 35 times, it has 15 small electrodes woven into the chest area to monitor heart signals continuously. The T-shirt can be worn 24 hours a day, increasing the likelihood of detecting abnormal rhythms. Powered by a removable battery, the electrodes feed data to a microchip, which wirelessly transmits the information to an app. The app converts the data into an easy-to-read chart, highlighting any irregular heart activity. The results are then shared with the patient’s doctor, allowing for remote monitoring without requiring hospital visits. This innovative design could make diagnosing AF easier and more accessible, potentially reducing the risk of stroke for many. Professor Martin Cowie, a cardiologist at Imperial College London, views Cardioskin as an significant development in heart health monitoring, offering a comfortable and efficient tool for early detection of cardiac problems. 4．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．The difficulty in detecting atrial fibrillation. B．The benefit of wearing a Holter monitor. C．The process of recording heart activity. D．The future of developing a new ECG. 5．Why did the author mention a Holter monitor in the text? A．To introduce a way to check the patient’s heart. B．To explain why doctors like using the device. C．To show the advantage of a Cardiosk in T-shirt over it. D．To encourage people to care about their health. 6．What can we learn about the Cardiosk in T-shirt? A．It has electrodes placed all over the T-shirt. B．It can be worn a month without being washed. C．It has a battery that can be charged easily and quickly. D．It can make the process of diagnosis timely and convenient. 7．What could be the best title for the passage? A．New ECC: an important development for doctors B．Hi-tech T-shirt: a good helper for detecting strokes C．Holter monitor: a device tracking patients’ heart problems D．Cardiosk in T-shirt: a shirt keeping patients from diseases The launch of a tool to record a vanishing Greek dialect drew attention back this week to one of the great extinctions of the modern world: nine languages are believed to be disappearing every year. Romeyka, which is spoken by an ageing population of a few thousand people in the mountain villages near Turkey’s Black Sea coast, separated from modern Greek thousands of years ago. It has no written form. For linguists, it is a“ living bridge” to the ancient Greek world, the loss of which would clearly be a blow. But some languages are in even bigger trouble, with 350 that have fewer than 50 native speakers and 46 that have just one. A cooperation between Australian and British institutions paints the situation in distinct colours, with a language stripes chart, devised to illustrate the accelerating decline in each decade between 1700 and today. Its authors predict that between 50% and 90% of the world’s 7,000 languages will be extinct by 2150. Even now, half of the people on the planet speak just 24 of them. The history of languages has always been linked to colonialism (殖民主义) and political persecution (迫害), which scatter populations as well as controlling them. The Endangered Languages Alliance (ELA) has tracked down and mapped hundreds of dying languages in New York, which is an unexpected discovery. These dialects are supposed to be found in remote rural areas. Among ELA’s more shocking discoveries is that, of 700 surviving speakers of Seke, which originated in a cluster of mountain villages in Nepal, more than 150 can be traced to two apartment buildings in Brooklyn district of New York. From Sami reindeer herders across the Arctic to Australia’s Indigenous (土著的) peoples, the ways in which people express themselves hide secret messages about ancient ways of living in nature. Both a will and a way are needed if they are to survive. By simply honouring their existence, linguists play an important role. Ken Hale, an activist who is strongly for preserving endangered languages famously argued that losing any language was “like dropping a bomb on the Louvre”. 8．What does “Romeyka” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．An extinct ancient Greek language. B．A language with very few written words. C．A disappearing dialect related to ancient Greek. D．A popular dialect loved by the young generation. 9．Why are the numbers used in Paragraph 2? A．To show the importance of the dialects. B．To conclude the diversity of the dialects. C．To explain different ways to protect dialects. D．To illustrate the tendency of fast dying dialects. 10．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．Seke is a place in the mountains of Nepal. B．People assume fewer dialects exist in big cities. C．Nepal and New York were twin cities many years ago. D．ELA is not surprised to trace an original Nepal dialect to Brooklyn. 11．What does Ken Hale’s quote mean? A．The extinction of a dialect is a great loss. B．Bombing Louver is a disaster to any language. C．Ancient ways of living are kept secret in Louvre. D．Languages are to survive simply by honoring them. Millions of migratory (迁徙的) birds occupy seasonally favorable breeding grounds in the Arelie, but scientists know little about the formation, maintenance and future of the migration routes of Arctic birds and the genetic determinants of migratory distance. In a new study, a multinational team of researchers under the leadership of Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang from the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences integrated two state- of- the- art techniques — satellite tracking and whole genome sequencing (基因组测序) — and established a continental-scale migration system of peregrine falcons (游隼) in Eurasian Arctic. The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcons from six Eurasian Arctic breeding populations and sequenced 35 genomes from four of these populations to study the migration of this species. They found that the birds used five migration routes across Eurasia, probably established between the last Ice Age 22,000 years ago and the middle-Holocene 6,000 years ago. “Peregrine falcons initiated their autumn migration mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in October,” said Professor Mike Bruford, an ecologist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcons that depart from different breeding grounds use different routes, and winter at widely distributed sites across four distinct regions. Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal (扩散). ” The researchers quantified the migration strategies and found that migration distance is the most significant differentiation. They used whole genome sequencing and found a gene — ADCY8, which is known to be involved in long-term memory in other animals in previous research — associated with differences in migratory distance. They found ADCY8 had a variant (变体) at high frequency in long- distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long- term memory thought to be essential for long- distance migration. “Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration — but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified,” Professor Bruford said. The researchers further looked at models of likely future migration behavior to predict the impact of global warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine populations in western Eurasia have the highest probability of population decline and may stop migrating altogether. “Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world” 12．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．Five birds’ migration routes were built 22, 000 years ago. B．Peregrine falcons stick to the areas where they winter. C．Peregrine falcons leave for Arctic regions in September. D．Two novel research methods of migration were invented. 13．What can we infer about ADCY8? A．It is a newly-discovered gene in the new study. B．It serves as a fundamental part of long- distance migration. C．It could be strengthened by the power of long- term memory. D．It turned out to be more favored by birds than the other animals. 14．What is special about the new study? A．It has discovered a new genomic region of birds. B．It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms. C．It analyses the reasons for the decrease of peregrine falcons. D．It encourages attention to environmental effects on migratory birds. 15．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．Researchers Help Conserve Migratory Species B．Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds C．How Long-term Memory Helps Long- distance Migration D．How Ecological Factors Affect Birds’ Migratory Distances Human activities have made global rainfall more unstable over the past century, a new study suggests. 16 . Published Friday in the journal Science, it shows that rainfall variability has increased since the 20th century, ranging from global to regional scales and from daily to seasonal. Rainfall variability refers to the unevenness of rainfall timing and rainfall amount. 17 For example, some places may receive a year’s rainfall in just a few days, experience downpours after long dry periods, or rapidly change between droughts and floods. By analyzing a wide range of observational data, the researchers found that rainfall variability has increased by about 75% since the 20th century across the land areas studied, especially in Europe, Australia and eastern North America. 18 19 They identified the dominant role of anthropogenic (人为的) emissions of greenhouse gases. “The increase in rainfall variability is mainly due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, which have led to a warmer and more humid atmosphere,” said Wenxia Zhang, lead author of the study. This means that even if the atmospheric circulation remains unchanged, the extra moisture in the air will lead to more intense rainfall events. Large and rapid fluctuations (波动) between extreme climates not only challenge the existing capabilities of contemporary weather and climate prediction systems, but also have chain effects on human society, threatening the economic development, ecosystem functions and terrestrial carbon sinks. 20 A．Immediate adaptation measures are crucial to meet these challenges. B．Higher variability may bring more rain in a certain region. C．The study was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. D．To understand the causes of increased rainfall variability, the team furthered the research. E．Higher variability means that rainfall is more unevenly distributed over a period of time, leading to wet and dry periods. F．It was also found that daily variability in global rainfall has increased by 1.2% per decade. G．The study indicates that global rainfall will still increase in the next century. 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15分） Thousands of people fill the square. They’ve gathered to watch the building of the tower. There are many beautiful towers here in Barcelona, Spain, but this one will be different. It will be built out of 21 ! A brass fanfare (号角) announces the building has begun, and holding their breath, everyone goes 22 . Drums join in. Body after body 23 from the crowd, and a human castle begins to grow straight up from the center of the square. Higher and higher it grows as the tower rises to five, six, seven, then eight stories! The crowd 24 as the final person reaches the top. Teams of castellers all wear white pants and black sashes (腰带), and each team wears a different 25 shirt. Barcelona’s castellers are known by their bright-red shirts. The most important part of the 26 is the sash. It supports castellers’ backs, and their teammates hold on to it with their hands or feet as they climb. The 27 who play during the building aren’t just there to entertain the crowd. At each stage of the building process, they play a different 28 . This lets the castellers on the lower levels know what is happening above them. Without flutes and drums, the castle might get into 29 . Most human castles have three main parts: base, the trunk, and the crown. The base is made of the 30 people because they have to carry all the weight. Lighter people 31 the levels of the trunk. The teens form the crown at the top. The anxaneta, who can be a young child, climbs up last. When he/she 32 reaches the top, the crowd cheers! However, the most 33 part is still ahead. The anxaneta quickly climbs down the castle, followed by the rest of the levels. Bodies 34 glide down bodies — unless the tower collapses, which often happens at this stage. The applause continues until the castle has been 35 and everyone is safe.Then a celebration starts. 21．A．clay B．wood C．concrete D．people 22．A．quiet B．scared C．upset D．calm 23．A．disappears B．escapes C．emerges D．separates 24．A．gathers B．roars C．wonders D．suspects 25．A．colored B．styled C．collared D．patterned 26．A．shoe B．tool C．instrument D．costume 27．A．firefighters B．architects C．musicians D．performers 28．A．game B．tune C．project D．trick 29．A．chaos B．shape C．accidents D．work 30．A．smartest B．bravest C．tallest D．strongest 31．A．pick up B．make up C．end up D．dress up 32．A．desperately B．approximately C．ultimately D．occasionally 33．A．dangerous B．destructive C．disastrous D．sensitive 34．A．awkwardly B．clumsily C．hopefully D．gracefully 35．A．passed down B．taken down C．turned down D．set down 三、语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When international travelers began arriving in China in early 2023 following a three-year hiatus (停滞), many may have found that routine daily tasks 36 (pose) challenges. More at ease with cash and credit cards and unfamiliar with Chinese apps, they experienced difficulties 37 (perform) tasks such as paying with QR codes and booking tickets online. But China is making efforts to address the 38 (convenience) many international visitors may face during their stay. New initiatives are making travel around China 39 (easy) in comparison to previous period. Alipay and Wexin Pay, China’s digital payment services, now allow users to link international credit cards and make mobile payments in a way similar 40 locals. Meanwhile, China is varying its means of payment to provide services 41 (design) for foreign visitors. An increasing number of businesses upgrade their payment systems 42 begin accepting international credit cards. While the major ride-hailing app Didi Chuxing boasts 43 user-friendly English interface (界面), museums and other attractions have been called on to develop websites 44 provide multilingual booking services and maintain in-person ticketing services. Since the introduction of a trial visa-free policy for visitors from certain countries, more countries 45 (add) to the list. With continued efforts from the government as well as business and cultural sectors, travel experience in China will only become more enjoyable. 四、写作（第一篇15分，第二篇25分，共40分） 46．假定你是某国际学校学生李华，参与了上周学校环保社举办的“生活中的小智慧”创意制作展。请你给朋友Lina写一封邮件，分享此次活动。要点如下： 1. 简介活动内容； 2. 分享你的创意作品； 3. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Lina, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was in the bleak midwinter, and the traveling couple, trudged (费力地走) through the cold night, seeking shelter. The father- to- be scanned the roadside for some home, some inn, some stable where his struggling companion might rest safely for the night. He looked over at her frequently. She labored along without complaint, her way made heavier by the new life growing inside her. They needed a warm, dry place safe from the bitter wind. When her time came, it must not be out here along the roadway. Gus Kiebel, a county wildlife officer, was driving home from work when he spotted the pair in the flash of his headlights. It was snowing so hard that it was difficult to see, but he could tell the dogs were wearing collars and tags. What were they doing out here on this stretch of wooded road, when it was too cold for dogs to go outside? Gus parked his truck and approached the animals. He squatted (蹲下) and stretched out his hands to the beagles, which made no effort to escape. He read their tags by his truck’s headlights: The female was named Pepper, and the male was Cooper. He pulled out his phone to call the number listed, but it was snowing so hard that his screen blurred. He placed the dogs in his truck, on the floorboards on the passenger side. By the time he came around to the driver’s side, they had climbed onto the passenger seat and were snuggled (依偎) together there. Gus dried his phone, snapped a picture of the pair and sent it to his wife, Katic Kiebcl. Then he dialed the number from the dogs’ tags. A man answered and immediately grew defensive when Gus told him why he was calling. “I gave those dogs away,” the man said.“ They’ re not mine anymore.” “ Well, do you want them back?” “ No. I can’t take care of them.” The man hung up. These beagles were abandoned, then. Gus looked over at them, their large ho und eyes pleading. Gus called the county dog warden’s office, but it was after hours, so he left a message. Then he called Katie. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1:“ You cannot put them back out in the snowstorm,” she said.“ Bring them home.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Already having a family dog, Gus phoned a nearby animal welfare center the next day. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 高一年级期末【英语】学情调研 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A B C A C D B C D B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 A B B D B C E F D A 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 D A C B A D C B A D 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 B C A D B 36．posed 37．performing 38．inconvenience 39．easier 40．to 41．designed 42．and 43．a 44．which/that 45．have been added 46．【参考范文】 Dear Lina, I’m excited to share with you the “Wisdom in Daily Life” creative exhibition held by our school’s environmental club last week. Students showcased innovative ideas for a greener lifestyle. I made a solar-powered desk lamp using recycled materials. It’s not only eco-friendly but also energy-efficient. I’m proud of my creation! Many of my classmates also presented amazing projects, and it was great to see everyone’s creativity. The event inspired me to think creatively about sustainability. It was a fantastic learning experience. Hope you can join us next time! Yours, Li Hua 47． 【参考范文】 “You cannot put them back out in the snowstorm,” she said. “Bring them home.” Gus nodded in agreement. When he arrived home, the beagles seemed relieved to be in a warm place. Katie welcomed them with open arms. She prepared a cozy corner for them with blankets and food. The beagles, Pepper and Cooper, wagged their tails gratefully. That night, as the snow continued to fall outside, they found comfort and safety in their new temporary home. Already having a family dog, Gus phoned a nearby animal welfare center the next day. The staff at the center promised to take in the beagles and find them suitable forever homes. Soon, they arrived to pick up Pepper and Cooper. Gus and Katie were a bit sad to see them go but knew it was for the best. As the beagles were led away, they looked back as if to say thank you. With hope in their hearts, Gus and Katie knew that these abandoned dogs would soon find the love and care they deserved. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $