暑假 Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 导学案-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版（2020）必修第一册

10 进门考 单句语法填空 1．It is (amaze) how quickly a child learns a language. 2．She is trying to do the (challenge) work well. 3．You have (responsible) for clearing up the classroom after class. 4．He told us that it was a (potential) harmful drug. 5．Fortunately，an (advance) communication system was introduced here last week. 6．It is important that teachers should treat each student (equal)． 7．Where you live can make such a (differ) to the way you feel. 8．After a discussion，they decided to have the plan (improve)． 9．Could you tell me when the small country gained (dependence)? 10．Women often lose (confident) when they stop work to have a baby. 11．These workers struggled better working conditions. 12．I got up and walked (calm) out into the early evening. 13．The accident (concern) with the bus driver. 14．He had to continue to learn something to equip himself the stress of losing a job. 15．The lawyer was so kind that he argued the poor man. 16．He is (anxious) waiting for the result of the medical tests. 17．The incident has further increased the (tense) between the two countries. 18．For such a young man，it is really a very (stress) job. 19．The president (shoot) in the head and died on the spot. 20．The programme is targeted at (improve) the health of women of all ages. 第十讲自主学习材料 Unit3 Getting along with others(第一课时)+完型专练 【学习目标】 1、学习必修一Unit3Getting along with others Welcome to the unit -ReadingⅠ的重要词汇、句型； 2、完型训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 Part one New words in Reading 1.on the rocks【adv/adj.】 破产，破裂；触礁的 (30) Our friendship was on the rocks . 我们的友谊破裂了。 2.awkward [ˈɔːkwəd] adj.笨拙的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；局促不安的；= embarrassed(adj.) 令人尴尬的(30) 【拓展】an awkward silence 令人尴尬的沉默 awkwardly( adv) 尴尬地；笨拙地；局促地 awkwardness (n.) 尴尬，难堪；笨拙； 3.sight [saɪt] n.视野；视力；看见；景象；景物 (30) sightseeing [u/ n.] 观光 insightful [adj.] 富有洞察力的，有深刻见解的 go sightseeing 去观光 4.out of one’s sight 脱离某人的视线 【拓展】out of sight 看不见 come into sight 进入视野 in sight 在是视野内, 即将可能发生 disappear from sight 消失不见 set one’s sights on st 把目标定为.... ; 以....为奋斗目标 5.original [əˈrɪdʒənl] 【adj.】起初的，独创的；原作的(30)----origin [n.] 起源 [n.] 原件，原作 【拓展】original plan 原先计划 an original idea 一个独特的想法 6.medium [ˈmiːdiəm] 【n.】媒体，方法，媒介；手段；工具 【pl. media】(30) 【adj.】中等的，中号的 7.social media 社交媒体(30) 8.make it 能够出现；准时到达；获得成功(30) 9.horrible [ˈhɒrəbl] adj.令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的(30)---horror/'hɒrər/【U/n.】惊恐；震惊 a horrible crime 骇人听闻的罪行 horrible =terrible 恐怖的；令人震惊的 with horror 惊慌地 in horror 惊恐地 to one’s horror 让某人恐惧的是 10.chat / tʃæt / vi&n. 聊天，闲聊 (30) 11.cafe / ˈkæfeɪ / n.咖啡馆；小餐馆 (30) 12.recover [rɪˈkʌvə] vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 (30) vt.全额收回；寻回； 重新获得；恢复，重新控制 recover from... 从...中恢复 recover oneself 镇定下来 13.respond /rɪ'spɒnd/（vi.) 回答；回应；作出反应；响应(30) respond to sth ..... 对...进行回复==reply to sth respond to sth 对...做出反应=react to sth 【注意】response /rɪ'spɒns/( C/U/n.) 反应；响应 the response to Sb 回答某人 14.loss /lɒs/（U/ C/n.) 失去；丧失(30) the loss of Sb 某人的去世 make a loss on st 在.....上亏损 a sense of loss 失落感 15.at a loss 不知所措，困惑(30) be at a loss 茫然不知所措；困惑； 不知如何是好 16.judge /dʒʌdʒ/（vt./ vi）评价；判断；批评(31) （C/n.) 法官； 审判员；裁判员；鉴赏家 judge by/ from... 根据....判断 judge sb to be.... 【拓展】judgement（U） 判断力；识别力 in sb’s judgement 在某人看来 make a judgement about... 对....做出评价 17.in the wrong 有错，应承担责任(31) 18.apologize /ə'pɒlədʒaɪz/ vi 道歉，谢罪(31) apologize to Sb for st 因某事向某人道歉 【拓展】apology /ə'pɒlədʒɪ/（n.) 道歉 make an apology for... 为....道歉 make no apology for ..... 不客气地......; ...... 没有错 19.behaviour / bɪˈheɪvjə(r) / (AmE behavior) n.行为，举止，态度 (31) ---behave v.行为，表现；起反应，起作用；守规矩，举止得体 20.case / keɪs / (C/n.) 具体情况； 事例；案件；容易；箱子；状况(31) 21.in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 (31) in that case 既然那样 in case of .... 如果....; 即使.... in case +句子 以防....； 以防万一......（从句不用将来时） You’d better bring an umbrella,in case it rains.你最好带把伞，以防下雨 In case of fire, do not use the elevator.如遇火灾，勿用电梯 In many cases, people only care themselves.在许多情况下， 人们只顾自己。 22.frank / fræŋk / adj. 坦率的，直率的(31) 23.definitely / ˈdefɪnətli / adv. 肯定，确实；确切地 (31) 24.trick /trɪk/（VT.） 欺骗；欺诈 （C/n.) 诡计；花招；戏法 (31)----tricky（adj.) 狡猾的；棘手的 trick sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事 trick sb out of sth =cheat Sb out of sth 骗走某人的东西 play tricks on Sb 戏弄某人 25.let go of 放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 (31) 26.ignore/ɪg'nɔ:r /（VT.） 忽视...；对...不理睬(31)---ignorance/'ɪgnərəns / （U/n.) 无知；愚昧 ---be ignorance of/about .... 对....无知/ 不了解 be ignorance of/about.... 对...一无所知 27.suffer / ˈsʌfə(r) / (vi)受苦；受折磨；变差 (vt) 遭受；蒙受；经历... (31) suffer from....遭受.....；患有.... suffer a lot of pain 遭受巨大痛苦 suffer in silence 默默忍受 28.misunderstand / ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd / vt&vi (misunderstood misunderstood) 误解，误会 (33) 29.contact /ˈkɒntækt / vt&n. 联系，联络(33) 30.explode / ɪkˈspləʊd / vi (愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸 vt 使爆炸(31) ----explosion / ɪkˈspləʊʒ(ə)n / n.爆破，爆炸（声）；激增；爆发 a population explosion 人口激增 the explosion of... ... 的激增 31.generous / ˈdʒenərəs / adj. 宽宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的 (33) Part two words and sentence patterns Reading Ⅰ 1.It is often difficult to start a friendship and even more difficult to keep on. The Forum exchange below includes a post written by Amy, a teenager girl who had a problem with her best friend Jenny, and two replies. (P30) 下面的论坛交流包括一个十几岁的女孩艾米写的帖子和两条回复, 她和她最好的朋友珍妮闹矛盾了 (1)even more difficult 甚至更困难 【回顾比较级修饰语】 (2)have a problem with.... 在某方面有困难 have problems/difficulty/trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难 单句语法填空 ①The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. ②The little problems our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 2.Would you turn to online communities for advice about maintaining friendship?(P30) (1)online community 网上群体 (2)advice 【U】建议----advise v. (3)turn to .....for advice 向...寻求建议 (4)maintain / meɪnˈteɪn / v. 保持，维持；维修，保养 3.Friendship on the rocks：please advise!(P30) on the rocks（关系）陷于困境，濒临崩溃；触礁，毁坏，遭难 His plan has landed itself on the rocks. 他的计划遭到失败 In a brief space of time, the company went on the rocks.在很短时间内， 这家公司就濒临破产了。 单句语法填空 ①Our friendship was the rocks . ②The company (be)on the rocks since the Internet bubbl was exploded. ③Jim had been unemployed over five months and he was really on the (rock) now. 4.My best friend and I have been close for eight years.When I was an awkward primary school student, she was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me.(P30) 当我还是一个笨拙的小学生时，她是一个很受欢迎的女孩, 愿意和我交朋友。 (1)close adj. 亲近的，亲密的，密切的；接近的，靠近的 adv. 靠近地，接近地 sit close to... get close to... v. 关 (2)an awkward primary school student 一个笨拙的小学生 awkward [ˈɔːkwəd] adj.笨拙的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；局促不安的；令人尴尬的 【拓展】an awkward silence 令人尴尬的沉默 awkwardly( adv) 尴尬地；笨拙地；局促地 awkwardness (n.) 尴尬，难堪；笨拙； ①There was an awkward silence. 令人尴尬的 ②You've put me in an awkward position. 难对付的 ③He tried to dance，but he was too clumsy and awkward. 笨拙的 ④Have I come at an awkward time？ 不方便的 (3)be willing to do.... 愿意做........ 单句语法填空 (1)She walked (awkward) in her high - heeled shoes. (2)The best solution is to send a light-hearted apology to explain your (awkward). (3)There was awkward silence with nobody saying a word at the meeting. 5.Since then, a close friendship has grown between us and she’s been almost like a sister to me.Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.But last Saturday,she broke my heart, and I’m still picking up the pieces.无论我们步行去学校，做作业还是仅仅在周末闲逛，我们几乎都在彼此的视线之内。(P30) (1)“since＋时间点”与现在完成时连用。由时间状语since then，可知句子用现在完成时。 (2)hang out 闲逛，消磨时间 【拓展】hang--hung--hung悬挂，吊；（使）挂在墙上；垂下，垂落 hang up 挂断，挂起 hang--hanged--hanged 绞死 (3)out of one's sight脱离某人的视线 sight n. 视野；视力；看见；景象；（常用复数）风景 [归纳拓展]have long / far sight 远视 lose sight of/out of sight 看不见 lose one's sight 失明 catch sight of 看见 in sight 看得见(反：out of sight) at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of... 一看见…… (4)pick up拿起；接人；恢复；学会；搭讪 (5)句式分析：whether...or...“不管/无论……，还是……”，引导让步状语从句 Whether we help him or not，he will succeed.不论我们帮助他与否，他都将成功。 单句语法填空 ①Every time I catch sight myself in the mirror, I feel so disappointed. ②The woman stood there until the plane was of sight. ③ the sight of the teacher, the boy began to run. ④The sandy beach was sight. ⑤The hall is beautifully decorated with many lights (hang)from the ceiling. 6.Our original plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon. But in the morning, my friend posted a message on social media saying she had a cold．我们原先计划那天下午去电影院看电影。(P30) (1)original [əˈrɪdʒənl] 【adj.】起初的，独创的；原作的 [n.] 原件，原作 【拓展】original plan 原先计划 an original idea 一个独特的想法 origin [n.] 起源 the origin of.........的起源 As for me, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it. 对我来说，阅读原著比看以此为蓝本的电影更好。 单句语法填空 ①The bag has been returned to the (origin) owner. ②This is a book full of profound, (origin), and challenging insights. ③ (origin), we had intended to go to Italy, but then we won the trip to Greece. ④Legend has it that the (original) of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Qu Yuan. ⑤When you have completed the questionnaire, copy it and send the_________(origin)to your employer. (2)the plan is to do..... 不定式作表语 类似结构：one’s dream is to do.... The purpose is to do..... The task/job is to do...... (3)medium [ˈmiːdiəm] 【n.】媒体，方法，媒介；手段；工具 复数 media 【adj.】中等的，中号的 the man of medium height 中等身高的人 (4)social media 社交媒体 (5)句中现在分词短语saying she had a cold作状语。she had a cold是saying的宾语从句，主句是my friend posted a message on social media.。 单句语法填空 ①This morning, my friend sent me a message________ (say) she had a cold. ②The invention of the Internet is (change) the way we communicate with each other. ③According to some experts, the purpose of the new test is (detect检测) the disease early． ④The news report was covered by various (medium) outlets, including television and newspapers. 7.When I called her，she said she might not be able to make it to the cinema. 当我打电话给她时，她说她可能去不了电影院了。“Don’t worry，” I said.“Get some rest.We can wait till you get better.”(P30) (1)make it能够出席；准时到达；获得成功 You will make it if you try.如果你努力的话，你会成功的。 【注意】make it to可以指“到达某地” 【拓展】make a difference起作用，有影响 make fun of 取笑，嘲笑 make up for sth. 补偿，弥补 make out sth. 辨认出 make use of 使用，利用 make sense of 懂得，理解，明白 【知识延伸】 make it结构中的it有时为形式宾语, 后接形容词作宾语补足语。例如: I have to make it clear that my family is poor. 我得说清楚我家里很穷。 (2)get some rest休息一下=have/take a rest=have a break 【拓展】the rest of.... 单句语法填空 ①I think we should all work for peace.Each of us can make a (different)． ②Nobody likes (make) fun of. ③I will try my best to make up the lost time during the summer vacation. 8.Today, however, I received a horrible surprise.A classmate told me she had seen my friend chatting with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. How stupid I was!(P30) (1)horrible [ˈhɒrəbl] adj.令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的--horror/'hɒrər/【U/n.】惊恐；震惊 a horrible crime 骇人听闻的罪行 horrible =terrible 恐怖的；令人震惊的 with horror 惊慌地 in horror 惊恐地 to one’s horror 让某人恐惧的是 (2)chat with sb 与某人聊天=have a chat with sb chat about....闲聊..... Boys are playing basketball, while girls are chatting with each other.男孩子们在打篮球，而女孩子们在聊天。 (3)How stupid I was!本句是感叹句，其基本结构是“How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！” 单句语法填空 ①He's chatting his dad. ②We often chat our hobbies after work. ③I had nice chat with my neighbor this morning. ④Let’s stop (chat) and get down to focuing on important matters. ⑤It is __________(horrible) stressful to do something you know you’re not good at. ⑥To the captain’s (horrible), he found that the ship was sinking. 9.My friend’s “illness” was a complete lie! Instead of recovering at home，she was out having fun with someone else.她并没有在家休养，而是和别人出去玩了。(P30) (1)complete adj.完全的，完整的/ v. 完成----completely adv.完全地，彻底地---incomplete adj.不完整的，不完全的；不完善的，未完成的 (2)recover vi.恢复健康；恢复常态vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制 [归纳拓展] ①recover from　 从……中恢复过来 recover oneself 镇定下来 ②recovery n. 恢复；复苏；痊愈 make a recovery from 从……中恢复过来 It can take many years to recover from the death of a loved one.从失去亲人的痛苦中恢复过来可能要花很多年。 单句语法填空 (1)He (recovery) from a knee injury now. (2)The company is showing signs of (recover) after the economic crisis. (3)Attention should be paid to (recover) and reuse of chemicals. (4)Jennie made a great effort to recover (she)． (5)The stolen painting is expected (recover) by the police soon. 10.I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day, and I still don’t feel like responding to any of her online messages.The stress of this situation is killing me，and I’m at a loss what to do next.(P30) 这种情况的压力简直要了我的命，我不知道下一步该怎么办才好。 (1)so.....that...../ such....that..... (2)avoid doing 避免做..... (3)feel like doing... 想要做..... (4)respond vi. &vt. 回答, 回应; 作出反应, 响应 【词块积累】 ①respond to sth. 　　　　……做出反应/回答 respond to sb. /sth. (with/by sth. ) 用……回应某人(事) ②response n. 回答; 反应 in response to 对……做出反应 make (a) response to 回答/响应……, 对……做出反应 Don’t respond to any e-mails requesting personal information, no matter how official they look. 不要回应任何索要个人信息的电子邮件，不管它们看起来有多么正式。 单句语法填空 ①You have several ways to respond this awkward question. ②He opened the door in (respond) to a knock. ③We received many (response) to our advertisement. ④You should think about anything carefully to avoid ________ (misunderstand). (5)the stress of.... ....的压力 (6)loss n．失去，丧失；亏损；去世；损失 the loss of Sb 某人的去世 the loss of sth 某物的损失 make a loss on st 在.....上亏损 a sense of loss 失落感 be at a loss 茫然不知所措；困惑； 不知如何是好 Due to lack of experience, we made a loss of $1,000 on the deal. 由于缺乏经验，我们那笔交易亏了1000美金。 【拓展】①lose vt. 失去；迷失；输掉 lose one's way 迷路 ①lost adj. 丢失的；迷路的 be lost in 沉迷于；专注于 单句语法填空 ① (lose) his father，Tom became very sad. ②The parcel must have (lose) in the post. ③ (lose) in reading，she didn't notice me. ④I am ready to do anything to make up for ____ loss. ⑤The company suffered great loss due to the fire. 完形填空 “Sana, why don’t you read this paragraph for us?” asked Miss Mehwish. Hesitantly (犹豫地), Sana stood up to ____41____the paragraph. She stammered (结巴着说话), “Em ... Emma was stand ... ing ...” The ____42____started laughing. “Sana,” said Miss Mehwish, “Sana, ____43____.” Feeling awkward (尴尬的), Sana sat down and Miss Mehwish ____44____someone else to read it. After the class, Sana went to the ____45____, planning to practice reading and overcome (克服) her weakness. To go to the bookshelf, she walked past some of her classmates who were ____46____sitting there. She heard them speaking softly, “What is she ____47____here?” asked one. “She needs to work hard!” said another. Disheartened, Sana ____48____a book. She sat at the far corner of the library and started reading the ____49____. After many tries, she found that it was not ____50____for her to read in a flowing (流畅的) way; she needed a lot of practice and ____51____. Then, Aliza, one of her classmates, walked to Sana and offered her help. Gladly, Sana ____52____. So every day, whenever they got time, Aliza would teach Sana to read. Soon Sana’s reading started to flow and she became ____53____. A few weeks later, Miss Mehwish carried out a reading test. When it was Sana’s turn, she read the paragraph without stammering or hesitation, which ____54____everyone. Miss Mehwish ____55____Sana for her improved reading ability. Sana thanked Aliza for helping her. 41. A. find B. write C. read D. translate 42. A. team B. class C. teachers D. fans 43. A. sit down B. slow down C. stand up D. hurry up 44. A. helped B. forced C. warned D. asked 45. A. hall B. playground C. library D. bookshop 46. A. also B. already C. always D. almost 47. A. doing B. saying C. dreaming D. singing 48. A. picked B. bought C. stole D. borrowed 49. A. post B. bill C. paragraph D. book 50. A. difficult B. important C. possible D. necessary 51. A. experience B. guidance C. service D. space 52. A. rose B. left C. changed D. agreed 53. A. creative B. confident C. calm D. crazy 54. A. saved B. served C. surprised D. suited 55. A. praised B. paid C. pitied D. prepared 课后练习 一、语法填空 　　Amy and Jenny 　1　(be) close friends for eight years. They're hardly out of each other's sight 　2　 things changed last Saturday.  Their original plan was to see a film that afternoon. But Jenny posted a message on social media 　3　(say) she had a cold. Amy told her to have 　4　 rest at home. However, instead of recovering at home, Jenny was seen by one of their classmates 　5　(be) out having fun with someone else.   When Amy heard this, she was very angry. Now she is at a 　6　(lose) what to do next and turns to online communities for advice.   Cindy thinks their friendship is worth 　7　(save): eight years 　8　(be) a long time. They should find an opportunity to have a talk 　9　 each other to solve the problem.   In David's opinion, if Amy 　10　(trick) by her friend, she can let go of their friendship.  二、单句语法填空 1.You can’t imagine the difficulty I had 　　　　(make) myself understood with my broken spoken English.  2.Three years 　　　　(be) not a long time, so you’d better value your time.  3. 　　　　(judge) from his words, he must have enjoyed himself in the park this morning.  4.My friends are always willing 　　　　(lend) an ear and offer some useful advice.  5.I’m not sure how the weather will be, but 　　　　any case, it’ll be nice to get out of town.  6.The mother feels like 　　　　(have) a talk with her son about his study at school.  7.I 　　　　　(misunderstand) my best friend and had a terrible quarrel with him before. But then I apologized 　　　　him and we make it up now.  8.The book is worth 　　　　(read) because it will be of great help to you.  11进门考 单句语法填空 1．Jim had been unemployed for over five months and he was really the rocks now. 2．I dare not let the children of my sight in this park. 3．Before my speech，I chatted a woman who was very friendly. 4．James was a loss as to what to do and felt lost. 5．He realized he was the wrong and promised to turn over a new leaf. 6．We may miss the next bus，but any case we’ll be there before midday. 7．You must let go the idea that to be single is to be unhappy and unfulfilled. 8．He apologized the people who had been affected. 9．You can rely on him to respond a challenge. 10．Judging her last letter，they are having a wonderful time. 第十一讲自主学习材料 Unit3 Getting along with others(第二课时)+阅读理解专练 【学习目标】 1、学习必修一Unit3Getting along with others ReadingⅡ的重要句型； 2、阅读理解训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 ReadingⅡ重要句型 1.I’m so sorry! But this friendship is worth saving:eight years is a long time!(P31)我很抱歉!但这份友谊是值得保存的:八年是一段很长的时间!(P31) (1)be worth doing.... 值得做.... (2)eight years is a long time----金钱，时间，距离，重量作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Two hundred yuan isn’t enough for me. 单句语法填空 (1)The friendship is worth ________(save): eight years is a long time! (2)Thirty years (be) a long time, but it doesn’t mean that I will give up. (3)Better than half a billion dollars (go)into that fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat over the past eighty years 2.Don’t be so quick to judge your friend.Perhaps she knows she’s in the wrong and wants to apologize, or maybe she has a simple explanation for her behaviour.别这么快就对你的朋友下结论。或许她知道自己错了，想向你道歉，又或许她可以明白地解释自己的行为。(P31) (1)judge n．法官；裁判员vt.评价；(尤指)批评；判断；认为 【归纳】①judge...by/from... 通过……判断…… judge .....as/to be... 断定......是…… as far as I can judge 据我判断，依我看 ②judging by/from... 从……来看；根据……判断 【区别】concerning prep.关于；涉及 considering prep./conj. 考虑到，鉴于 ③judgement（U） 判断力；识别力 in one’s judgement 在某人看来 make a judgement about/of/on... 对....做出评价 The teacher judged him to be honest.老师认为他是诚实的。 The spokesperson refused to make a judgement on the president’s behaviour. 发言人拒绝对总统的行为作出评价。 单句语法填空 ①He passed (judge) on the guilty man. ②A man should (judge) by his deeds, not by his appearance. ③He judged them (be) the best plays he had ever seen. ④ (judge) from experience, a proper balance is not easy to achieve. (2)in the wrong有错，应承担责任 do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb. 冤枉/委屈某人，对待某人不公平 do wrong 做错，犯罪，做恶 go wrong 出毛病/故障，不正常，走错路 What’s wrong (with …)? （……）怎么啦？（出了什么毛病了？） (3)apologize vi.道歉，谢罪 【归纳】①apologize for sth 因某事道歉 apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 ②apology n. 道歉；谢罪 make/offer an apology to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 owe sb.an apology 欠某人一个道歉 accept/refuse an/one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉 单句语法填空 ①He offered me an apology for (lose) my book. ②We (apology) for the late departure of this flight. ③I will apologize to her not delivering her goods on time. ④You need to make an apology the teacher being late for class. ⑤It is clear that the motorcyclist was the wrong in the accident. (4)behaviour n．行为，举止，态度 【归纳】behave v．举动；举止或行为表现 behave well/badly 表现好/差 behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌；行为规矩 The waiter apologized for his bad behaviour towards the customers.这个服务员为对顾客的不好行为而道歉。 单句语法填空 ①What do you think of the host’s (behave) at the stage that day? ②The shop assistants behave very well customers. ③The five-year-old boy was told to behave (he). 3.In any case, find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.Listen to what she has to say, and be sure to explain how you feel.I’m sure you can solve this problem together.无论如何，找个机会和她深入、坦诚地谈谈。(P31) (1)in any case 无论如何，不管怎样----case (C/n.) 具体情况； 事例；案件；容易；箱子；状况 【拓展】 ①in most cases 在大多数情况下 In most cases ,we get on well with each other. ②in that/this case 在那种/这种情况下 ③in case of sth. 如果；假使 In case of fire, do not use the elevator.如遇火灾，勿用电梯 ④in no case 决不　(位于句首时，句子用倒装语序) In no case should you shout at your parents who love you deeply.任何情况下你都不应该冲着深爱着你的父母喊叫。 ⑤in case＋从句 以防；以防万一（从句不用将来时） You’d better bring an umbrella,in case it rains.你最好带把伞，以防下雨 【注意】case作先行词且在定语从句中作地点状语时，常用where引导定语从句。 This was the case where he had his money stolen. 单句语法填空 ①Can you think of a case the word is properly used? ②In most (case), we get on well with each other. ③This time,we stayed together, case anything else unusual happened. ④Do you remember that beautiful spot we took that picture? (2)opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti / n. 时机，机会 the opportunity to do... 做某事的机会 (3)frank / fræŋk / adj. 坦率的，直率的 have a full and frank talk with.... 与....进行一次全面而坦率的交谈 (4)Listen to what she has to say, and be sure to explain how you feel. 本句是并列祈使句，listen to 和be sure to explain作并列谓语，并分别接一个what和how引导的宾语从句。 单句语法填空 ① (frank) speaking, I don’t quite agree with them. ②To be frank you, I don't really think you've got a chance. 4.I definitely understand how you feel.I also had a friend whom I trusted a lot.When I found out that I was tricked by him, I was really hurt and let go of our friendship.我完全理解你的感受。我也有一个我非常信任的朋友。当我发现我被他骗了，我真的很受伤，放弃了我们的友谊。(P31) (1)definitely / ˈdefɪnətli / adv. 肯定，确实；确切地 ----definite / ˈdefɪnət /adj.清晰的；确定的；肯定的 ----define v.解释，给……下定义-----definition n.定义，解说，限定 (2)trick vt.欺骗，欺诈n.诡计，花招；戏法----tricky（adj.) 狡猾的；棘手的 【归纳】①play a trick/tricks on sb. 搞恶作剧；戏弄 make fun of sb. 取笑某人 play a joke on sb. 取笑某人 ②trick sb.out of sth. 骗取某人某物 trick sb.into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事 She was tricked out of her life savings. 她被骗走了一生的积蓄。 单句语法填空 ①It's cruel to make fun people who stammer. ②The lady w (trick) out of her diamond necklace yesterday. ③We were tricked into (buy) a poor car, made me very upset. ④ (trick) by that girl, he felt extremely angry. ⑤When some one is bitten by a poisonous snake, first aid is   (definite) necessary. (3)let go of放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 let go of our friendship 放弃我们的友谊 let out　发出(声音)；放走 let alone 更不用说 let sb.down 使某人失望 (4)sb is hurt 某人受伤 单句语法填空 ①It was your rude words that let the poor boy ． ②Suddenly，the girl who was reading a novel let a cry. ③The baby can't even sit up yet, let walk! 5.I know you value your friendship and want your friend to value it equally.However, if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer, it’s time to rethink your relationship.我知道你珍惜你的友谊，也希望你的朋友同样珍惜你的友谊。然而，如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或让你受苦，是时候重新考虑你们的关系了。(P31) (1)value n.价值 v.重视，尊重 (2)equally /ˈiːkwəli / adv. （程度）相当地，同样地；平均地，相等地 【拓展】equal /ˈiːkwəl /adj.相等的,平等的;能胜任的. n. 同等的人(物). vt. 与…相等;比得上 be equal to sth 能胜任…… be equal in 在……方面相等 be without equal 无与伦比 equal sb.in (doing) sth.在(做)某事方面与某人匹敌 be of equal importance 同等重要 (3)ignore vt.忽视，对……不予理睬 ignore sth... 忽视某事 I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it.我提了个建议，但他们不予理会 【归纳】①ignore one's advice/mistakes　忽视某人的建议/过错 ②ignorant / ˈɪɡnərənt / adj. 无知的 be ignorant of 对……不了解 ③ignorance / ˈɪɡnərəns / n. 无知 单句语法填空 ①As a result of their (ignore), they soon divided themselves into two groups. ②Never make your students feel (ignore). ③He chose (ignore) her rude remarks. ④She is completely ignorant modern technology. ⑤The singer held his head and walked past, (ignore) his fans. (4)suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差vt.遭受，蒙受 ---suffering / ˈsʌfərɪŋ / n. 痛苦，疼痛；苦难；折磨-----sufferer / ˈsʌfərə(r) / n. 患病者；受苦者 The people in this country have suffered a lot because of the war. 战争让这个国家的人民深受其害。 [易混辨析]　suffer，suffer from ①suffer指“遭受苦痛、损失，忍受侮辱”等，其宾语通常为pain，loss，damage，punishment，defeat，hardship，discouragement，disappointment等抽象名词，一般不用于被动语态。 The girl who lost her parents suffered great stress during those years.那些年这个失去父母的女孩承受了很大的压力。 ②suffer from指“遭受战争、自然灾害等带来的苦难及患病之苦”，其后常接表示疾病或造成不幸或痛苦的事物的名词，一般不用于被动语态。 Do you still suffer from a headache? 你还头疼吗？ 单句语法填空 ①The old farmer told us of his (suffer). ②Many people suffered hunger during the war. ③He (suffer) a massive heart attack. ④The old man often helped those (suffer) a great loss in the earthquake. ⑤________ (suffer) such heavy pollution already, the river needs cleaning up immediately. (5)it's time (for sb.) to do...意为“是(某人)做某事的时候了” I know it is time for me to set out to do my homework，but I just can't resist playing computer games. 我知道是开始做作业的时候了，但我就是忍不住要玩电脑游戏。 【归纳拓展】It’s time. . . 的常见句式: ①It’s time for. . . 　……的时间到了。 ②It’s time (for sb. ) to do sth. 到(某人)做某事的时间了。 ③It is (about/high) time (that). . . 到了……的时候了/该……了。从句的谓语动词用过去式或“should+动词原形”, should不能省略。 【区别】advise/suggest/propose+that 从句---(should) do It’s time that you bought/should buy an English dictionary.  你该买本英语词典了。 ④It’s the first/second/. . . time that. . . 这是第一次/第二次/……从句谓语动词用现在完成时。若主句中is改为was, 则从句谓语动词用过去完成时。 It was the second time that he had visited the Great Wall.  这是他第二次参观长城。 单句语法填空 ①The young man thought it was time for him （see）his elderly father.   ②It’s time that you (buy) an English dictionary.   ③It was the second time that he (visit) the Great Wall. 6.Amy felt like watching a film last Saturday but the plan was canceled because I was ill.....Then I got a call from a friend whom I hadn’t contacted for a long time. She asked me out for coffee.(P33) (1)cancel vt. 放弃，取消，终止；[英式 cancelled；美式 canceled] 【拓展】put off 推迟 (2)contact vt. “联系” Please contact us on the Internet. 【拓展】contact n. “联系” be in contact with“与……有联系、接触”=get in touch with “与…接触” lose contact with“与……失去联系” make contact with“与.....联系，接触” People who provide information for the police should contact them on 5550-1212. 单句语法填空 (1)He was direct contact with the kidnappers. (2)Though they all live nearby, I lost contact them really quickly. (3)How can I make contact that famous engineer? 7.When Amy found out, she exploded with anger.艾米发现后，气炸了。(P33) explode / ɪkˈspləʊd / vi (愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸 vt 使爆炸 exploded with anger 勃然大怒 The boy exploded with anger. 这个男孩勃然大怒。 【拓展】explosion / ɪkˈspləʊʒ(ə)n / n.爆破，爆炸（声）；激增；爆发 a population explosion 人口激增 the explosion of... ... 的激增 单句语法填空 ①Do you fear that you'll burst into tears or explode anger in front of her? ②If the gas pipe explodes, the (explode) may do great damage to the buildings around. ③The company has been on the rocks since the Internet bubble (explode). 8.But you should talk to her face to face. Amy is a generous person. She’ll understand.但你应该当面和她谈谈。艾米是个慷慨的人。她会理解的。(P33) (1)face to face 面对面 (2)generous / ˈdʒenərəs / adj. 宽宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的 ---generosity / ˌdʒenəˈrɒsəti / n慷慨，大方 be generous to... 对.....慷慨，大方 单句语法填空 ①It was generous him to pay for us. ②He was always (generously) in sharing his enormous knowledge. ③Acts of (generous), no matter how small, can significantly enhance the warmth and depth of a friendship. 阅读一 Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and  infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.  They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital  aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks  and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway  safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut  and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board. That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of  railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend  approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending  maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail  infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts. By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing  higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for  rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new  concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time. 28. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible? A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B.Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes. C.The reduction of cost in designing drones. D.Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas. 29. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones. C.Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure. 30. What function is expected of the rail drones? A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically. C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation. 31. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways 阅读二 The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money  as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the  policy has shown. First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks  containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce  childhood obesity (肥胖). It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are  consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. Initially the sugar tax was expected to make £520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate £240m for the year ending in April  2019, which will go to school sports. It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers’ efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the  sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year. Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设施) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part. 32. Why was the sugar tax introduced?、 A. To collect money for schools. B. To improve the quality of drinks. C.To protect children’s health. D. To encourage research in education. 33. How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax? A. They turned to overseas markets. B. They raised the prices of their  products. C. They cut down on their production. D. They reduced their products’ sugar content. 34. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected? A. Most alcoholic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic  Coke. 35. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy? A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story. C. It benefits manufacturers. D. It upsets customers. 课后练习 一、根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词 1．The foreign child is (笨拙的) with his chopsticks. 2．It was a (可怕的) experience to see so much blood on the floor. 3．The disease failed to (反应) to the new drugs the doctor applied. 4．I wanted to have a word with her，but she (不理睬) me and went away. 5．The time bomb (爆炸) but nobody was injured. 6．It's reported that there the settlers were the Indians. 7．To be with you，I don't really think you've got a chance. 8．He from starvation and disease at that time. 9．It can take a long time to from an operation. 10．Nowadays，more and more people like on the Internet. 二、语法填空 The next day Wang Pengwei’s restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier. Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant. He did not look forward to __1__(be) in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular. He smiled. But the smile left his face when he saw Yong Hui walking in. She did not look happy __2__ glared at him as she moved round the customers. “May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant yesterday? I thought you were a new customer and now I find you came only to spy __3__ me and my menu,” she shouted. “Please excuse me,” he __4___(calm) explained, “ I wanted to know __5__ all my customers had gone yesterday. I followed one of __6__ (they)and found them in your restaurant. I don’t want to upset you, but I found your menu __7__ limited that I stopped __8___(worry) and started advertising the __9___ (benefit) of my food. ___10__ don’t you sit down and try a meal? 12 进门考 单句语法填空 1． (trick) by that girl，he felt extremely angry. 2．How can I make contact that famous engineer? 3．If she leaves，it will be a big (lose) to the school. 4．Leave any valuables in your car out sight. 5．He walked past， (ignore) all of us completely. 6．As long as you have a dream，keep trying and you'll make ． 7．I don't see why I couldn't do it. any case，I'm going to try. 8．Why should I go and (apology) to her? 9． (judge) from her accent，I could tell that she was from the south. 10．The old woman decided to comfort the man (suffer) great loss. 第十二讲自主学习材料 Unit3 Getting along with others(第三课时)+七选五专练 【学习目标】 1、学习必修一Unit3Getting along with others Grammar and usage-Integrated skills的重要词汇、句型； 2、七选五训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 Part one New words in Grammar usage-Integrated skills 32.count on 依赖，依靠，指望 (34) 33.eat away at 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏 (34) 34.shallow /'ʃæləu / aaj.肤浅的；浅薄的；浅的 (34) 35.blog / blɒɡ / n. 博客，网志 36.come between.....and.... 损害....之间的关系，离间；妨碍 (34) 37.in person 亲自，亲身(34) 38.theme / θiːm / n.主题；主旋律(35) 39.slave / sleɪv / n.奴隶 (35) 40.raft / rɑːft / n.木排，筏 (35) 41.high point 最有意思（或最令人愉快、最好）的部分 (35) 42.through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦 (35) 43.opinion/ əˈpɪnjən /（n.) 意见；看法； 观点；信仰 (37) 44.in one’s opinion 在某人看来；就某人而言(37)==in one’s view =from one’s point of view 45.quality / ˈkwɒləti /(n.) 品德；素质；质量；特征 (37) （adj.) 优质的； 高质量的 be of good quality 质量好 improve the quality of... 提高...的品质 quality service 优质服务 46.basis/ ˈbeɪsɪs /（n.)基础；原因；基准(pl. bases) (37) --- base(n.) 基础（物体的根基） v.以……为基础；把基地设在…… form the basis of... 构成...的基础 on the basis of.... 根据....; 基于....； 原因是.... on basis of... 以...为基础 47.respect / rɪˈspekt /（vt) 尊重；尊敬（n.) 尊敬；敬意；方面 (37)--respected （adj.) 受敬重的 respect Sb for st 因某事尊敬某人 with respect 尊敬地；恕我直言 in every respect 在每个方面 48.get over 克服...；恢复常态(37) 49.efficient [ɪˈfɪʃnt] adj.效率高的，有功效的 (37) 50.extra / ˈekstrə / adj. 额外的，分外的，附加的的 adv.额外，另外；特别，格外 (37) 51.bring out 使显现，使表现出 (37) bring out the best in Sb 把某人最好的一面表现出来 【拓展】bring about .. 引起；导致.. bring back 归还； 使回想起 bring down 减少；降低；打败 bring up 养育；抚养 52.measure [ˈmeʒə] vt.估量，判定，测量 n.措施；衡量 (37) beyond measure 极其；非常 Part two words and sentence patterns in Grammar usage-Integrated skills 1.A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world. 真正的朋友是别人都走开的时候，他仍与你在一起的人。真正的朋友是我们可以依靠的人。真正的朋友能看到我们真实的自我，而不仅仅是我们向世界展示的那张脸。(P34) (1)the rest of.... .....的剩余 (2)count on 依赖，依靠，指望 【归纳拓展】 count...in把……计算在内,包括…… count...out不包括 count up (=add up)把……加起来 count for much/little价值大/不大 count...as...把……看作…… If you go to play basketball tonight, count me in. 如果你们今晚去打篮球，算上我。 【名师点津】“依赖,依靠”的表达还有: depend on,rely on What they did not know was how much support they could count on from Democrats.他们不知道能够指望从民主党人那里得到多少支持。 单句语法填空 ①I count him my closest friend. ②If you're having a party,count me ． ③Count to ten before you open your eyes. ④For tax purposes that money (count) as income. 2.Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. We may be able to make many friends online, but these friendships can be quite shallow.然而，如今，让我们保持联系的现代工具正在蚕食友谊的意义。我们也许可以在网上交到很多朋友，但这些友谊可能相当肤浅。(P34) (1)keep sb connected 与某人保持联系 (2)eat away at侵蚀， 腐蚀， 逐渐破坏 They eat away at your healthy muscle.它们会侵蚀你健康的肌肉。 (3)shallow adj. 肤浅的；浅薄的；浅的 【拓展】shallowly adv. 微弱地 shallowness n. 肤浅 His new book was criticized for being shallow.他的新书因内容肤浅而受到批评。 We found some strange fish in shallow waters around the coast.我们在海边浅水水域发现了一些奇特的鱼。 Fish prefer shallow water to deep water .鱼儿喜欢浅水区而不是深水区。 单句语法填空 ①I watch TV every day to keep myself 　　　 (inform) of what is going on in the world. ②Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us _________(connect) are eating away at the meaning of friendship. ③What happened yesterday keeps me __________(consider) what on earth friendship is. ④Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away the meaning of friendship. 3.Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. Texting and messaging cannot take the place of face-to-face chatting.像博客这样的社交媒体在我们和我们爱的朋友之间架起了桥梁。短信和短信不能取代面对面的聊天。(P34) (1)come between.....and.... 损害....之间的关系，离间；妨碍 (2)take the place of=take one’s place 代替，替代；就座;占据一席之地 【拓展】in place of 代替;取代 in place 在适当的位置;在原处 in the first place 最初;首先;第一 I will take the place of my father to run the company.=I will take my father's place to run the company.我将代替我父亲管理公司。 单句语法填空 ①I don’t want this misunderstanding to come 　　　 us.  ②Robots can now do such dangerous jobs place of human being. 4.To make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person.为了让朋友成为我们生活中真正的一部分，我们应该放下智能手机，亲自去见他们。 (P34) (1)put down 放下；写下；镇压 put aside忽视；储存……备用 put away收起；储蓄 put up张贴 put out扑灭；出版 put off推迟 put ...away 把...收拾好 put in 安装 (2) in person亲自，亲身 【归纳】 in surprise吃惊地 in advance提前 in use=in service 在使用中 in secret 秘密地 in trouble 处于困难中 in fear 害怕地 in danger 处于危险中 in debt负债 in public 在公共场合 in private 私下里，秘密地 练习 ①The old man puts _____ some money each month. ②You’d better put _____ these toys when the game is over. ③About five minutes later, they arrived and put _____ the fire. ④We’ve had to put _____ our wedding until September next year. ⑤To save money, you’d better book the ticket advance. ⑥I want to thank you person for the impact you’ve had on my life. ⑦You don’t show your secret (personal)when you’re awake because you can control your behavior. Integrated skills 句型 5.It also left me thinking about what it really means to be a” good friend”.这也让我思考什么才是真正的“好朋友”。In my opinion, the following qualities form the basis of a friendship. (P37) 在我看来，以下品质构成了友谊的基础。 (1)leave sb doing 让某人一直做..... (2)quality n.n. 品德，素质；质量；特征 adj. 优质的，高质量的 be of good/bad quality质量好/质量差 be of high/poor quality质量高/质量差 improve the quality of... 提高...的品质 quality service 优质服务 【区别】quantity n.量，数目；大量，大批 large quantities of.... 大量.... a large/small quantity of大/少量...... 单句语法填空 ①Wine high quality costs more than that of poor quality. ②All the tractors except this are good quality. ③We can supply large (quantity) of these goods. ④There are many different ________(quality) of gold and silver. ⑤A large quantity of money _______(collect) to help those suffering from the floods till now. ⑥What happened yesterday leaves me ________(consider) whether I should let go of our friendship or not. (3)basis n. (pl. bases) 基础；原因；基准 【搭配】on the basis of ... 在……的基础上；因为…… on basis of... 以...为基础 form the basis of... 构成...的基础 【注意】base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础；把基地设在…… n. 根基；根据 basic adj. 基本的，基础的 basically adv. 基本上 (4)in sb’s opinion 就某人而言；依某人来看 =in my view=from my point of view =as far as I am concerned 单句语法填空 ①She was promoted the basis of her excellent performance. ②Contact with other people is a (basis) human need. ③The plan is (basis) sound, but we need to make some minor adjustments. ④On the (base) of the evidence, we can conclude that he is innocent. 6.A good friend needs to be supportive. I can see that Tim is having trouble balancing this project and his schoolwork, and I can see that both are important to him.(P37)好朋友应该支持你。我可以看出蒂姆在平衡这个项目和他的学业方面遇到了困难，我可以看出这两者对他来说都很重要 I must respect and support the choices he makes.我必须尊重并支持他的选择。 I should also encourage him to take action to get over these difficulties. 我也应该鼓励他采取行动克服这些困难。 (1)supportive adj. 拥护的，给予帮助的 (2)have trouble (in) doing.... 做某事有困难 have trouble balancing this project and his schoolwork 难以平衡这个项目和他的功课 单句语法填空 ①I am not fond of pop music, because I often have trouble (understand) the words. ②He has much difficulty his English pronunciation. ③It was not difficult for the police to find out the murderer. →The police had no the murderer. (3)respect / rɪˈspekt /（vt) 尊重；尊敬（n.) 尊敬；敬意；方面 respect sb for sth 因某事尊敬某人 have/show respect for sb. 尊敬某人 out of respect 出于尊重 with respect 尊敬地；恕我直言 in every respect 在每个方面 in all/many respects 在所有/许多方面 in respect of=with respect to 关于；就……而言 【拓展】respectful adj.恭敬的 respectable adj.可敬的，体面的 单句语法填空 ①Most of the people were very serious and (respect). ②He has no respect her feelings. ③ this respect we are very fortunate. ④Please give my (respect) to your parents. ⑤I want him to respect me a career woman. (4)get over 克服；恢复常态 【拓展】get away from逃离;摆脱;避免 get along/on with与……相处;进展 get through通过;完成;打通电话;渡过 get rid of摆脱,除掉 get across (使)被理解;(把……)讲清楚 get off 离开，出发；下班 用get的短语填空 ①There are lots of different ways to your message when you are putting together an ad campaign. ②Our lines can get very busy, but please keep trying and you will soon . ③ The whole village was involved in the harvest . ④Once we the first few months, we should be making a reasonable profit. ⑤Watch Frank—he’ll cheat if he thinks he can it. 7. When he’s struggling with his schoolwork, I should do all I can to help him become a more efficient learner. (P37)当他在努力做功课时，我应该尽我所能帮助他成为一名更高效的学习者。 (1)be struggle with.... 努力应对；与....作斗争 (2)efficient adj. 效率高的，有功效的 【拓展】inefficient adj. 效率低的 efficiently adv. 高效地 efficiency n. 效率 To better protect the Earth, we are supposed to make efficient use of natural resources.为了更好地保护地球，我们理应有效利用自然资源。 单句语法填空 ①We are aimed at improving (efficient), instead of extending working hours. ②When we are younger, our bodies are (efficient) at burning up calories. ③When he is struggling his schoolwork, I should do all I can to help him become a more efficient learner. 8. It will take up some of the spare time, but this friendship is worth my extra time and effort. I’m sure that Tim would do the same for me. (P37)它会占用一些业余时间，但这份友谊值得我额外的时间和努力。我相信蒂姆也会为我做同样的事。 (1)take up...占据（时间、空间等）；拿起，接受，开始；继续 【拓展】take away 拿走，夺走 take back 收回（前言），承认说错了话 take down 拿下,取下，记(录)下来 take for 当作,认为 take in 吸收，接受;欺骗 take off 取(脱)下,拆下,切除;起飞 take on 具有；呈现(面貌等);雇用;穿上 take over We wanted a table for seven, but they were all taken up.我们想找一张7人的桌子，但它们都被占了。 (2)be worth doing.... 值得做..... 9. To me, a good friend brings out the best in a person. (P37)在我看来，好朋友能激发出一个人身上最好的一面。 bring out克服，恢复常态；生产，出版 【拓展】bring up 抚养；培养；教导；提出；呕吐 bring down 使倒下,使垮台;降低(物价、温度等)；减少 bring in 引进；获利 bring about 引起；导致 bring back 把……送回;使想起;恢复 bring forward将……提前;提出讨论 The old woman brought up five children. 养育 David was brought up to value the sense of sharing. 教导 The greedy child brought up all he had eaten. 呕吐 单句语法填空 ①His new suggestion (bring) up at the meeting yesterday. ②Computers have brought many changes in the workplace. ③Can you make a sentence to bring the meaning of the phrase? 10.I’ll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops. (P37)我将一直重视好朋友的这些品质，并且随着我们友谊的发展努力用这些标准衡量自己。 (1)value n.价值/v.重视，珍视 (2)the quality of a good friend 好朋友的品质 (3)measure vt. 估量，判定；测量 n. 措施；衡量 【拓展】①measure...by... 用……衡量 be measured by/in... 用……来计算/衡量 ②take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 make...to one’s measure 根据某人的尺寸做…… beyond measure无法估量的 ③measurement n. 测量；衡量 ④measurable adj. 可测量的; 显著的 【注意】measure作“尺寸”讲时，常用作不可数名词；而作“措施”讲时，通常用复数形式。 He’s gone to be measured for a new suit. 他去量尺寸做新衣服去了。 单句语法填空 (1)We must take (measure) to protect the environment from pollution. (2)I want you to take my chest (measure). (3)Do you take measures (protect) yourself against Alzheimer's disease? (4)It is difficult (measure) the success of the campaign at this stage. (5)Beauty cannot be measured any absolute standard 七选五练习一 How Can I Fight Laziness? Lazy people find it hard to fight laziness. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind. 1 Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation (动力) once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day. Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more proactive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. 2 Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations(诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. 3 Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film. Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. 4 Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people. 5 Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle，thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits. A．One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep. B．Knowing how to fight laziness is important. C．Finally，taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness. D．To fight family laziness, set an example. E．With strong determination，you will be able to achieve your goal. F．Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child. G．Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life. 七选五练习二 Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___ You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 课后练习 单句语法填空 1.The man began to scream 　　　　　(horrible).  2.Attention should be given to 　　　　　(recover) and reuse of chemicals.  3.He opened the door in 　　　　　(respond) to a knock.  4.By hard work they made up the 　　　　　(lose) of time.  5.This failure is a 　　　　　(judge) on you for being so lazy.  6.Being recognized in public has brought her much trouble,so she is always wearing dark glasses to avoid 　　　　(recognize).  7.Outdoor air pollution leads to more than 3 million premature 　　　　　(die) each year.  8.I shall be pleased to go,if you will 　　　　　(accompany)me.  9.Perhaps he repeated these 　　　　　(admire)letters to various friends.  10.They are a very 　　　　　(respect) family.  13 进门考 单句语法填空 1.After long 　　　　　(reflect) we decided to buy that house.  2.A stay in the country will be 　　　　　(benefit) to his health.  3.Do not rush—go at your own 　　　　　(comfort) speed.  4.Let’s sing some songs to celebrate this 　　　　　(joy) occasion.  5.However,no matter what I do,my efforts to lose weight always end in　　　　　(fail).  6.You should 　　　　　(apology) for losing your temper with her.  7.Does television affect children’s 　　　　　(behave)?  8.As a result of their 　　　　　(ignore), they soon divided themselves into two groups.  9.The old farmer told us of his 　　　　　(suffer).  10.I don’t want any 　　　　　(misunderstand) between us.  第十三讲自主学习材料 Unit3 Getting along with others(第四课时)+语法填空专练 【学习目标】 1、学习定语从句的用法； 2、语法填空训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 定语从句复习 定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 U3---语法（关系代词引导的定语从句） 关系代词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句。关系代词具体有：that, which, who, whom, whose 定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。 关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 从句中作用 例句 who 指人 作主语 宾语（可省略） 1．This is the girl who / that teaches us English. ( who / that指人，修饰先行词the girl，在从句中作主语) 2．He is the boy whom / who / that I met yesterday. ( whom / who / that 指人，修饰先行词the boy在从句中作宾语，whom / who / that 可省略。) whom 指人 作宾语（可省略） whose 指人、物 作定语 3．This is the girl whose father is an engineer. （whose作定语，用来修饰人） 4．I live in a room whose windows face the south. （whose作定语，用来修饰物，whose windows = the windows of which 或of which the windows） 5．The boss in whose department Mr. King worked called at the hospital.(whose可在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语) which 指物 作主语 宾语（可省略） 6．This is the book which / that I lost yesterday. (which/ that指物，作宾语，可省略) 7．The clock is an instrument which / that can tell time. （which / that 指物，作主语） 8．Do you know the woman that / who lives next door? (that / who 指人，作主语) that 指人、物 作主语 宾语（可省略） as 指物 作主语、宾语 可修饰整个主句 9．This is the same pen as I bought yesterday. (as指物，在从句中作宾语) 10．As we all know, Taiwan is part of China. (as指代整个主句的内容) 使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题： a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。 1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。 1.I told him all (that) I know. 2.He gave her everything (that) he had. 2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。 1.I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 2.You can take any book (that) you like. 3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read. 2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 1.We talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school. 2.The people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found. 5.在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。 1. Who is the boy that helped you? 2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。 He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the time. 7. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. b.在以下几种情况下只使用which 不用that。 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much. (which 作宾语，指代主句中的pen) New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us. (which作主语，指代整个主句) 2. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是which，另一个须用that。 The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best. 3. 先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who 不用that。 1. 先行词为all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时，须用who。 1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now. 2. Those who want to see the film please put up your hands. 3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man. 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。 Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard. 3. 在被分隔的定语从句中，须用who。 A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German. 4. 在以there be开头的句子中，多用who。 There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster. 5. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。 The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that studies very hard. d. as和which的使用场合。 as which 引导的非限制性定语从句 可放在句首或句中 不能放在句首 修饰“积极的”方面 修饰“消极的”方面 在句中含义 意为“正如”、“就像” 无此意 常用的搭配 常和such，so，the same等连用 无此用法 “～ + be + 过去分词”结构 “be”可以省略 “be”不能省略 表示状态的动词 as is said above, as already mentioned above as is often the case as it is as is known to all 无此用法 都能引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子的内容 如： As we all know, he studies very hard. 比较：He studies very hard, as / which we all know. I’ve never seen such a clever man as he is. He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like. He was late, which made the teacher angry. The bridge is really wonderful, as (is) shown in the picture. The experiment is very important, as indeed it is. e. the same…as …和the same… that…的不同。 This is the same book as I lent you yesterday. 这本书和我昨天借给你的相似。（相似物） This is the same book that I lent you yesterday. 这正是我昨天借给你的那本书。（同一物） (一)用关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose, as填空。 1. The earthquake ________shook the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history. 2. We don’t know the number of people __________lost their homes in the earthquake. 3. The house ___________they built in 1937 is still in very good condition. 4. The house __________is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake. 5. The boy ___________ father is a teacher is very clever. 6. A clock is a machine ____________tells people the time. 7. Our village is no longer the one __________ it used to be. 8.The house __________ he is looking for is very expensive. 9. Do you know the man __________ houses are all broken? 10. ________ is known to all, the moon travels round the earth once very month. (二)用合适的关系代词填空 1).We should do everything _________ is good for our studies. 2).The is the first place ________ I want to visit. 3).This is the most interesting book _________ I have ever read. 4).This is the only thing_________ we can do. 5).He built up a factory which produced things ________ I had never seen before. 6).We talked about the things and persons __________ we were interested in. 7).This is the train by _______ we went to Beijing. 8).Football, _______ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 9).He was late for school again, _________ made the teacher very angry. (三)单项选择 1：Alice received an invitation from her boss, _______came as a surprise. A. it    B. that    C. which     D. he 2：Women _____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _____ don’t. A.who, 不填 B.不填，who C. who, who D. 不填，不填 3：It is reported that two schools, _______ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which 4：Whenever I met him, ____ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile. A.what　　　　　　 B.which　　　　 　C.that　　　　　　 D.when 5：________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As 6：Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ______, of course, made the others envy him. A. as B. that C. what D. which 7：_____ has already been pointed out, grammar is not a set of dead rules. A. As　　　　　　　B.It　　　　　　　 C.That　　　　　　 D.Which 8：I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 【补充】the way 作先行词的定语从句 以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。如： The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising.  他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。 I don’t like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her.  我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。 例题： 1.I don't like ________ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 2.What surprised me was not what he said but _________ he said it. A.in the way B.in the way that C. the way that D.the way which 3.The gardener was called to tell the way the poor dog had died. A. that B. which C. A or D D. in which “介词+关系代词”的单项选择 1：The English play ______ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 2：I still remember the day ____she first wore that green dress. A. which B. in which C. on that D. on which 3：In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help. A. that　　　　　　B. to who　　　　　C.from whom　　　 D.to whom 4：The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained. 1. in that B.for that C.in which D.for which 5：The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% __________are sold abroad. A. of which B.which of C.of them D.of that 单句语法填空 (1)Huck was a poor white boy father often beats him, while Jim is a black salve who longs to be free. (2)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually. (3)The sports meeting about __________ we talked just now will be held next Tuesday. (4)He is a man with many great features for __________I admire him. (5)You who_________(be) full of strange problems can ask Tom for help,because he is the most knowledgeable in our town. (6)It is said that in our school Lucy is the only one of the students who _________(come) from another the UK. 一．阅读下面的短文，用正确的关系代词填空。 Titanic You may have heard the sad story about “Titanic” (1)____ sounded very sad, but it is true. The story happened on the ocean where the great ship set off on her first voyage, but also her last one. The ship sank at the waters where there were not many icebergs. The ship sank on the night when there were stars in the sky. None of the people on the ship knew the reason why the great ship should sank. Now evening came quietly. Suddenly, a strange sound came from down below the ship (2)_____ was flying forward like a great bird. Captain Smith did not find there was something wrong until the engine had stopped and he was told that the ship was flooded. Thomas Andrews might be the last man on the ship. When a seaman asked him if he was going to leave, he gave no reply. The “Titanic” is to him what a child to his mother. He really did not know whether he should leave the ship or not. Andrews designed “Titanic”. Generally speaking, he was the man (3)_____ people would blame. It was a great ship (4)_____ could carry over 1000 passengers. But this great ship (5)_____ the famous designer was proud of had a life of four days. Captain Smith was another man (6)_____ people would blame. Was he the right man (7)_____ task was to pilot the ship of dreams? 二．综合填空。 In October 2017,Margaret called a number that she believed belonged to her grandson Barry,and when he didn’t pick up,she 56.　　　　　(leave) him a voicemail.The person she had called,Callie Hall,called Margaret back to let her know she had the wrong number,but over the next couple of 57.(month),Margaret made the mistake a few more times.  “She called about once every two weeks to check in on Barry—whether he needed his shirt repaired 58. anything else he may need,”Hall said.“I would call her back to let her know it was still me and we would chat a little each time.” After trying to wish Barry 59.　　　　　 happy birthday on December 19,2022,but again calling Hall,Margaret 60.　　　　　(final) worked it out.However,that didn’t stop her continuing to call Hall—this time 61.　　　　　 purpose.  “This time the voicemail said,‘Hello,Callie!’” Hall said.“I worked out Barry’s number.Thank you for being my friend.Love you,later.” From that day forward,they began to form a real 62.　　　　　(friend).Hall still let Margaret’s phone calls go to voicemail because she enjoyed 63.　　　　　(listen) to her messages later when she needed to brighten her day.But she would also be happy 64.　　　　　　　(call) Margaret back so the two could chat.Hall was suffering from an illness,and 65.　　　　　(they) chats began providing her with encouragement during difficult times.  课后练习 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China successfully exploded its first atomic bomb on Oct 16, 1964, (56) (shock) the rest of the world. It was followed by the successful (57) (explode) of a hydrogen (氢)bomb in 1967.Later, a satellite with a recording of the tune of Dong Fang Hong declared to the world that China (58) (master) satellite technology. It was the bombs and the satellite (59) enabled China to take the lead in global scientific and technological development and improve the strength of the country's national defense, commented Xinhua News Agency. Many people made (60) (contribute) to these world-shaking events. Yu Min, a famous nuclear physicist who passed (61) in January at the age of 93, was one of them. Yu was one of the leading scientists who (62) (be) able to overcome difficulties in the design of the hydrogen bomb. Known as the "the father of China's hydrogen bomb", he was presented (63) the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award by President Xi Jinping in 2015. It is the nation's highest scientific honor. (64) ——————, Yu said the achievement belonged to the whole team. "A man's name will disappear in time, but (65) will satisfy him is that he can contribute slightly to the nation's prosperity (繁荣)"Yu said, according to China Daily. 14 进门考 单句语法填空 1.Tangshan city is the typical developing area in Huabei area which is　　　　　(shallow) covered up.  2.People are still suffering under the yoke of 　　　　　(slave).  3.Contact with other people is a 　　　　　(basis) human need.  4.Most of the people were very serious and 　　　　　(respect).  5.I want you to take my chest 　　　　　(measure).  6.The way in 　　　　　(that/which) he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.  7.The Pursuit of Happyness is the most moving film 　　　　　(that/which) I have ever seen.  8.The prize was awarded to those 　　　(that/who) have made great contributions to scientific development.  9.Which is the clock 　　　　　(which/that) was made in France in the 18th century?  10.I’ve read all the books 　　　　　(which/that) were borrowed from the library.  11.Is there anything else 　　　　　(which/that) you require?  12.The first place 　　　　　(which/that) we visited in China was the Great Wall.  13.He talked happily about the men and books 　　　　　(which/that) interested him greatly.  第十四讲自主学习材料 Unit3 Getting along with others(第五课时)+完型填空专练 【学习目标】 1、学习必修一 Unit3 Getting along with others Extended reading的重要词汇、句型； 2、完型填空训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 Part one New words in Extended reading 53.reflection [rɪˈflekʃn] n.沉思；反射；映像；反映 (39)----reflect v.反射（光、热或声音）；反映 on reflection, 经过思考 on further reflection 进一步思考 reflect on...=think about... 回想...； 思考.... 54.seek / siːk / (sought sought) vi 试图；寻找；争取 vt 寻求；寻找 (39) seek to do sth 试图做某事 seek Sb/ sth 寻找... seek st from Sb 向某人寻求 55. escape [ɪˈskeɪp] vi.&vt.逃跑；避免；被遗忘 n.逃离，逃脱 (39) escape from st 从...中逃脱 escape to ... 逃到.... 56.smooth out 清除（问题），克服（困难）；铺平.. (39) smooth out difficulties 克服困难 smooth st over 缓和； 调解 smooth the path for Sb/sth为...铺平道路 57.be meant to do sth 注定要做某事，应做某事 (39) 58.benefit [ˈBenɪfɪt] n.优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益.vi.得益于(39) bring benefits 带来好处 be of benefit to ... 对...有意 benefit sb/ st 有益于...; 有利于.. benefit from/by... 从...中获益 Both sides benefited from the matter.双方都从这件事情中收益。 【拓展】beneficial （adj.) 有益的 be beneficial to ... 对...有益 59.comfort / ˈkʌmfət / vt.宽慰，抚慰 n.舒服；安慰 (39) --discomfort（n.) 不舒服vt.使……不舒服；使……不安 comfort Sb 安慰某人 in comfort 舒服地 60.joy n.高兴，愉快；令人高兴的人（或事），乐趣 (39) 61.failure / ˈfeɪljə(r) / n.失败；失败的人（或事）；未履行；故障 (39) 62.take on 承担..; 呈现； 具有..；雇佣...(39) take on more responsibilities. 承担更多的责任 63.in full measure 最大程度地；最大限度地 (39) 64.moment/ ˈməʊmənt / n.时光，时机；瞬间；某个时刻 (39) 65.indeed / ɪnˈdiːd / adv.其实，实际上；的确；真正地(39) 66.well-meaning / ˌwel ˈmiːnɪŋ / adj.出于好心的，善意的(39) 67.recognize/ ˈrekəɡnaɪz / vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出 (39) be recognized as... 被认为是.... recognize... from/by... 通过...认出..... 68.thorough [ˈθʌrə] adj.彻底的，全面的；仔细的 (40) He’s a thorough fool. 他是个地地道道的傻瓜。 69.death n. 死，死亡；死亡状态 (40) 70.company [ˈkʌmpəni] n.陪伴，作伴；公司 (40) enjoy one’s comany 享受某人的陪伴 the company Sb keeps 某人所交往的人 keep Sb company 陪伴某人 A man is known by the company he keeps.观其友，知其人。 71.crowd [kraʊd] n.一伙人，一帮人；人群. vt.挤满，使拥挤 vi.聚集，挤，涌 ---crowded（adj.) 拥挤的 a crowd of....=crowds of... 一群..... Crowds of people crowded the beaches.一群人挤满了沙滩。 72.poet / ˈpəʊɪt / n.诗人 (41) 73.admire [ədˈmaɪə] vt.钦佩；欣赏(41) admire Sb/st 钦佩... admire Sb for st 因...钦佩某人 【拓展】admirable(adj.) 令人钦佩的；极其出色的；令人羡慕的 admiration（n.) 钦佩；羡慕； 赞赏 74.wine / waɪn / n.葡萄酒；果酒(41) Part two words and sentence patterns in Extended reading 1.As we walk the “path of life”, we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. (P39)走在人生的道路上，有时我们可能希望独自思考，因为静思可以实现自我的完善。(P39) (1)thought 【C】想法，见解 【U】考虑 (2)for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. 此处的for ，是连词，表原因 (3)reflection n. 沉思；反射；映像；反映 【拓展】 reflect vt. 反映，映出；反射 on reflection 仔细想来，经过慎重考虑 without reflection不假思索地 reflect on/upon 仔细考虑,思考,反省 After days of reflection, she decided to take part in the competition. 想了几天之后，她决定参加比赛。 When you look at yourself in the mirror, you see a reflection.当你照镜子的时候，你会看到一个映像。 单句语法填空 ①The reason why he is lost in _______is that he is ______ (reflect) on the problems ______ in the list. (reflect) ②Your choice of colour is a (reflect)of your personality. ③The hills (reflect) in the water. ④In no way did his work (reflect) his abilities. (4)lead to 导致，造成（后果）；通向；通往 ①lead to sth./some place导致某事/通向某地 ②lead to sb./sb.’s doing sth.导致某人做某事 ③lead sb. to sth.使得出(观点);引导某人…… ④lead sb. to do sth.带领某人做某事;导致某人做某事 单句语法填空 ①Look over there—there is a very long, winding path 　　 　　(lead) up to the house.  ②The convenience even leads fewer people 　 　　　(take) public transport.  ③The discovery of new evidence led to the thief’s 　　　 　(catch). ④Never pay no attention to your mistakes even though they are small, because you never know they will lead. 2.However, when we seek to be alone, we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.Social life is also important to us. 不过，在追求独处时须小心，我们不能总是逃入自我的世界中。(P39) (1)seek vi.试图；寻找；争取 vt.寻求；寻找 seek to do sth. 试图做某事；努力做某事 seek one’s fortune 外出寻找发财的机会 seek sb/sth out 挑选出；物色出 seek after/for 追求;寻求;探索 seek out 找到；寻出 We seek to find inner peace. 我们试图寻找内心的宁静。 Seek professional advice, if you want to solve the problem faster. 如果你想更快解决问题，就要寻求专业建议。 单句语法填空 ①He will seek ___________ (bring) out the best in this naughty student. ②The youth have decided to seek _________ the truth of the accident. ③Everyone in the world has the right to seek ______ happiness. ④The hunter tried to escape _______ the forest，but he lost his way. ⑤They believed in what they (seek), just as I believed in my job. ⑥Yet for those with high ambitions, it is rather more important to realize their life values than to seek money. (2)escape vi. & vt. 逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n. 逃离，逃脱 escape from sth 从……中逃脱 escape＋n./doing sth. 避开(做)某事 escape one’s attention逃过某人的注意 have a narrow escape 死里逃生 【注意】下面两个短语的区别： escape from prison 越狱 escape prison 逃过牢狱之灾 The man who gathered insects had a narrow escape the other day.不久前的一天收集昆虫的这个人九死一生。 He narrowly escaped death in an earthquake. 他在一次地震中死里逃生。 His absence escaped the professor’s attention/notice.教授没注意到他没来。 单句语法填空 ①Even now, no one knows why it happened, but I did escape the terrible disaster fortunately. ②The driver narrowly escaped __________ (kill) in the traffic accident.  ③If you commit a crime you can never escape (punish). ④Since the steam had no way________(escape), the teapot exploded.  3.More often than not, close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.通常，亲密的友情能助我们踏平时而坎坷却又注定要经过的道路。(P39) (1)More often than not 通常，往往 (2)smooth out 消除（问题），克服（困难） (3)be meant to do sth 注定要做某事，应做某事 Capable and responsible, he is meant to be a monitor. 能力强又有责任心，他应该当班长。 【名师点津】means作名词表示“手段; 方法”; 常见搭配有: by means of　　　　用……方法; 借助 by no means 决不; 一点儿也不 by all means 务必; 当然可以 单句语法填空/ 完成句子 ①We didn’t mean (hurt) him. It was just a bit of fun.   ②Since he and Tom are friends, he is trying to smooth the differences between them. ③I thought the police (mean) to protect people. ④Close friendships will help smooth _______ the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant (travel). 4.As we live in social groups，there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.由于我们生活在社会群体中，我们可以享受友谊的许多好处。(P39) (1)as在此表示“因为，由于” as作从属连词的其他用法总结： ①引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候；随着……；一边……一边……”。 ②引导方式状语从句，表示“按照，如，像”。 ③引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”。 ④引导比较状语从句，表示“像……一样地”。 He smiled politely as Mary apologized for her drunken friends. __________ Hot as the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired. __________ As he was busy，he had no time to play with his children. __________ You’d better do as the teacher has told you. __________ (2)benefit n.优势；益处；成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于 【搭配】benefit sb 使某人获益 for the benefit of sb = for one’s benefit 为了某人的利益，为帮助某人 be of (great) benefit to ... 对……（很）有益 to one’s benefit = to the benefit of sb 对某人有利 benefit from/by sth 得益于某事 【拓展】beneficial adj. 有益的 be beneficial to对……有益 I have benefited greatly from her wisdom. 从她的智慧中我获益良多。 A good diet is beneficial to health. 良好的饮食有益于健康。 单句语法填空 ①He considered that the change would be (benefit) to her health. ②A large number of students will benefit the new teaching method. ③ the benefit of those people who arrived late, I'll just go over the plan again. ④The students __________ (benefit) most from college are those who are totally engaged in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources. ⑤There is no doubt that the plants benefited the rain. 5.Generally speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”:they may comfort the heart，...一般来说，亲密的友谊产生三个“成果”：它们可以安慰心灵……(P39) (1)Generally speaking=in general 一般而言 (2)comfort n．舒适；安慰 vt.宽慰；抚慰----→discomfort n. 不适 vt.使……不舒服；使……不安 [归纳拓展] ①in comfort　 舒适地；放松地 be a comfort to sb. 对某人来说是个安慰 It's a comfort to do sth. 做……是令人安慰的事。 ②comfort sb.＝give comfort to sb. 安慰某人 ③comfortable adj. 舒服的；安逸的 ④comfortably adv. 舒适地 The man is working hard to make his family live in comfort.为了使家人舒适地生活，这个人拼命地干活。 My parents often comfort me with some inspiring words.我的父母经常用一些令人鼓舞的话安慰我。 单句语法填空 ①He had to save enough money so that he could live (comfortable)． ②Were it not for science，we could not live a (comfort) life. ③My mom always (comfort) me when I am sick. ④In my opinion , the trip to Tibet was rather long and _________________ (comfortable). ⑤Being able to afford a drink would be _____ comfort in those hard times. 6.Here, friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! (P39)在此，友谊有双重优势——幸福有了更大的意义，而麻烦在分担之后减半。 (1)advantage n.优势，有利条件----disadvantage n. 劣势，不利条件 have many advantages over....比....有很多优点 take advantage of 利用 (2)take on 呈现，具有；决定做，同意负责，承担（责任）；聘用，雇用 The small town took on a new look. 这个小镇呈现出新的面貌。 Project leaders are meant to take on more responsibilities. 项目组长应该要承担更多责任。 Due to the economic crisis, we will not take on new staff this year. 受经济危机影响，我们今年不招聘新员工。 【拓展】take off　脱(衣服、鞋帽)；(飞机)起飞；(事业)起步，腾飞 take in 吸引；欺骗；包括；理解 take over 接收；接管 take up 占据；继续；拿起；从事 take down 拆除；取下；写下，记下 单句语法填空 ①I heard that the club took a new member last week. ②Take your coat because it is hot here. ③I'm going to take the company one day. ④I won't take much of your time. ⑤The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed __________ (take)out of the reading room”. ⑥I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph __________ (take). 7. Naturally, this kind of openness results from a close friendship.With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure.(P39) (1)Naturally adv.当然，必然；自然地，天然地 (2)result from.....起因于... ..；由....造成 (3)feel free to do... 随意做.... (4)in full measure 最大程度，最大限度地 单句语法填空 ①The room __________(measure) 6*6 meters actually houses up to 10 people. ②The suspension bridge, ________(measure) 2,000 meters in length, is the longest in the world. ③The government is taking ________(measure) to bring down the prices of houses. 8. We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own. (P39)我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。(P39) (1)recognize vt. 承认，意识到；认出，辨别出---recognition n. 认出；承认 it is recognized that ... 人们意识到……；人们公认…… recognize sb. as/to be...承认某人是…… be recognized as ... 被认为是…… out of/beyond recognition认不出来 (2)find it adj. to do.... 发现做某事是...的 单据语法填空 (1)Being recognized in public has brought her much trouble, so she is always wearing dark glasses to avoid (recognize). (2)The facilities have improved beyond all (recognize). (3)Drugs were not recognized a problem then. (4)It (recognize) that this solution could only be temporary. (5)It’s that celebrities have little privacy. To avoid 　　　　 in public, they always wear dark glasses. Their life is somewhat mysterious, which is beyond ___________.(recognize) 9......... our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make.Also, ......, we have to put our thoughts into words first.This alone helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a more thorough understanding of our problems.(P40) (1)be better able to offer advice on.... 更好地提供有关.....的建议 (2)put our thoughts into words 把我们的想法用语言表达出来 (3)more thorough understanding 更透彻的理解 单句语法填空 His remarks showed that he (misunderstand) my position on the question. 10.Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. (P40)最后，需要指出的是，与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。 (1)point out...指出 (2)company n. 陪伴，作伴；公司 set up a company 开办公司 keep sb. company 陪伴某人 for company 作伴；陪伴 in the company of 和……在一起 in company with 与……一起 【拓展】accompany vt. 陪伴，陪同 companion n. 伴侣，伙伴 I’ll keep you company while you’re waiting. 你等待时我会陪伴你。 While he was dreaming to become a biologist, he runs a software company. 尽管他想当一名生物学家，但他如今却经营着一家软件公司。 单句语法填空 ①Luo Jiaying and Wang Mingquan are each other's good life _________. They have kept each other _______ through the hardest times. They are now living a happy life. Look! Wang is singing sweetly, with Luo ____________ her on the piano.(company) ②　　　　(accompany) with wind, the rain poured for a whole day.  ③　　　　(accompany) him for a week, she decided not to leave any longer.  ④At the concert, she accompanied the singer 　　　　the piano. (2)crowd n. 一伙人，一帮人；人群 vt. 挤满，使拥挤 vi. 聚集；挤，涌 【拓展】crowded adj.拥挤的 a crowd of/crowds of一群，众多 be crowded with 挤满…… crowd around/round聚集在……周围 crowd into 涌入，挤进…… 单句语法填空 ①As I was seated there waiting to be interviewed, many thoughts crowded my mind. ②The bus is so (crowd) that there is no room to stand. ③She tried to sleep, but too many thoughts crowded on her. ④It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __________(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. 完形填空 It is a blue,cotton shirt.The shirt belonged to my 　41　 David.On his birthday before he left college,his mother bought him the shirt.　42　 I gave him free use of my bike,he let me wear the shirt,occasionally.  We shared the shirt,and as days 　43　,we shared more of our 　44　.David was in school by scholarships and grants (助学金).He 　45　 to keep his scholarships,because without even one of them,he would have to 　46　 and back on the farm.And in David’s home,there was always only enough money to cover the expense.His father died when he was twelve.  At times David also talked about his father.Usually it was late at night,in the dormitory just before bed,and the 　47　 always ended with tears that flowed from a river of memories and longings:memories of a father suffering from 　48　 when his son was just a teenager;longings for opportunities to cure his father’s disease missed,because disease does not understand about the 　49　 between father and son.Nor does it care.  Time passed and we had to say goodbye to each other.After lots of hugging,and words of thanks,we eventually departed.It was on my 　50　 trip upstairs to our dorm that I saw a package on my bed.I 　51　 the wrapping paper.It was the blue cotton shirt in a box with a card 　52　 to it,reading “Thomas,I can’t thank you enough for your 　53　.There have been tough years and you have been 　54　 a friend.Thank you for listening.Thanks for everything.—David”.  I put aside the note,with 　55　 tears dropping on the shirt.I still have the shirt today,though it has faded and wrinkled with age.  41.A.colleague B.brother C.roommate D.professor 42.A.Because B.Unless C.While D.Even if 43.A.came across B.went by C.ran out D.came up 44.A.victories B.belongings C.scholarships D.stories 45.A.happened B.refused C.struggled D.failed 46.A.turn out B.stand out C.figure out D.drop out 47.A.interview B.discussion C.conversation D.debate 48.A.failure B.depression C.poverty D.illness 49.A.connection B.distance C.difference D.conflict 50.A.first B.last C.next D.second 51.A.touched B.pulled C.removed D.folded 52.A.attached B.applied C.adjusted D.admitted 53.A.guidance B.devotion C.friendship D.mercy 54.A.less than B.other than C.more than D.rather than 55.A.sympathetic B.grateful C.joyful D.painful 七选五 When I was young，my friends and I often played baseball in an alley behind our home.A woman named Mrs Shinas owned a tiny house nearby，and she used to watch us play from her window.__1__ We all thought that she was mean. She had a big trained dog and whenever one of our baseballs rolled in its direction，Mrs Shinas would send the dog to catch it.__2__ Soon we ran out of balls. In those days，I used to water our lawn each day.One day as I stood watering our small lawn，I noticed that Mrs Shinas’ lawn looked a little dry.It took only a few more minutes to water it，so I did it.__3__ When autumn came that year，I also helped gather up the leaves on Mrs Shinas’ yard.As I was doing this one day，she invited me to sit in her living room.She gave me a cookie and a glass of milk.As I sat there eating the cookie，she showed me her collection of paintings.__4__ That amazed me a lot.It was the first conversation I had ever had with her. __5__ She went into her kitchen and returned with a box.In it were all the balls that her dog had taken.She handed me the box，said “thank you” and smiled.I realized she had a kind heart.I also learned that when we serve others，we are showing them that we love them. A．We wanted to buy a new ball. B．But the dog wouldn’t return the ball to us. C．Her next action even changed my opinion of her. D．Then she thanked me for taking care of her lawn. E．Soon I found myself watering her lawn each day. F．She rarely came out of her house and never smiled. G．What delighted me most was that she was a great painter. 课后练习 根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式 1．The mother (逃脱)from the burning house with her baby. 2．We (寻找)an answer to the question，but couldn’t find one. 3．He liked to walk too，so we kept each other’s (陪伴)． 4．I (认出)him as soon as I saw him in the street. 5．The success or (失败)of the plan depends on you. 6．The cat felt curious when she saw her own (reflect) in the mirror. 7．It can be (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust. 8．Lie down on your bed and make yourself (comfort)． 9．The storm is thought to be responsible for as many as four (death)． 10．The waiting room is (crowd) with passengers waiting for the bus to come. 第2页 | 共4页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 10 进门考 单句语法填空 1．It is amazing(amaze) how quickly a child learns a language. 2．She is trying to do the challenging(challenge) work well. 3．You have responsibility(responsible) for clearing up the classroom after class. 4．He told us that it was a potentially(potential) harmful drug. 5．Fortunately，an advanced(advance) communication system was introduced here last week. 6．It is important that teachers should treat each student equally(equal)． 7．Where you live can make such a difference(differ) to the way you feel. 8．After a discussion，they decided to have the plan improved(improve)． 9．Could you tell me when the small country gained independence(dependence)? 10．Women often lose confidence(confident) when they stop work to have a baby. 11．These workers struggled for better working conditions. 12．I got up and walked calmly(calm) out into the early evening. 13．The accident was concerned (concern) with the bus driver. 14．He had to continue to learn something to equip himself under the stress of losing a job. 15．The lawyer was so kind that he argued for the poor man. 16．He is anxiously(anxious) waiting for the result of the medical tests. 17．The incident has further increased the tension(tense) between the two countries. 18．For such a young man，it is really a very stressful(stress) job. 19．The president was shot (shoot) in the head and died on the spot. 20．The programme is targeted at improving (improve) the health of women of all ages. 第十讲自主学习材料 Unit3 Getting along with others(第一课时)+完型专练 【学习目标】 1、学习必修一Unit3Getting along with others ReadingⅠ的重要词汇、句型； 2、完型训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 Part one New words in Reading 1.on the rocks【adv/adj.】 破产，破裂；触礁的 (30) Our friendship was on the rocks . 我们的友谊破裂了。 2.awkward [ˈɔːkwəd] adj.笨拙的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；局促不安的；= embarrassed(adj.) 令人尴尬的(30) 【拓展】an awkward silence 令人尴尬的沉默 awkwardly( adv) 尴尬地；笨拙地；局促地 awkwardness (n.) 尴尬，难堪；笨拙； 3.sight [saɪt] n.视野；视力；看见；景象；景物 (30) sightseeing [u/ n.] 观光 insightful [adj.] 富有洞察力的，有深刻见解的 go sightseeing 去观光 4.out of one’s sight 脱离某人的视线 【拓展】out of sight 看不见 come into sight 进入视野 in sight 在是视野内, 即将可能发生 disappear from sight 消失不见 set one’s sights on st 把目标定为.... ; 以....为奋斗目标 5.original [əˈrɪdʒənl] 【adj.】起初的，独创的；原作的(30)----origin [n.] 起源 [n.] 原件，原作 【拓展】original plan 原先计划 an original idea 一个独特的想法 6.medium [ˈmiːdiəm] 【n.】媒体，方法，媒介；手段；工具 【pl. media】(30) 【adj.】中等的，中号的 7.social media 社交媒体(30) 8.make it 能够出现；准时到达；获得成功(30) 9.horrible [ˈhɒrəbl] adj.令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的(30)---horror/'hɒrər/【U/n.】惊恐；震惊 a horrible crime 骇人听闻的罪行 horrible =terrible 恐怖的；令人震惊的 with horror 惊慌地 in horror 惊恐地 to one’s horror 让某人恐惧的是 10.chat / tʃæt / vi&n. 聊天，闲聊 (30) 11.cafe / ˈkæfeɪ / n.咖啡馆；小餐馆 (30) 12.recover [rɪˈkʌvə] vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 (30) vt.全额收回；寻回； 重新获得；恢复，重新控制 recover from... 从...中恢复 recover oneself 镇定下来 13.respond /rɪ'spɒnd/（vi.) 回答；回应；作出反应；响应(30) respond to sth ..... 对...进行回复==reply to sth respond to sth 对...做出反应=react to sth 【注意】response /rɪ'spɒns/( C/U/n.) 反应；响应 the response to Sb 回答某人 14.loss /lɒs/（U/ C/n.) 失去；丧失(30) the loss of Sb 某人的去世 make a loss on st 在.....上亏损 a sense of loss 失落感 15.at a loss 不知所措，困惑(30) be at a loss 茫然不知所措；困惑； 不知如何是好 16.judge /dʒʌdʒ/（vt./ vi）评价；判断；批评(31) （C/n.) 法官； 审判员；裁判员；鉴赏家 judge by/ from... 根据....判断 judge sb to be.... 【拓展】judgement（U） 判断力；识别力 in sb’s judgement 在某人看来 make a judgement about... 对....做出评价 17.in the wrong 有错，应承担责任(31) 18.apologize /ə'pɒlədʒaɪz/ vi 道歉，谢罪(31) apologize to Sb for st 因某事向某人道歉 【拓展】apology /ə'pɒlədʒɪ/（n.) 道歉 make an apology for... 为....道歉 make no apology for ..... 不客气地......; ...... 没有错 19.behaviour / bɪˈheɪvjə(r) / (AmE behavior) n.行为，举止，态度 (31) ---behave v.行为，表现；起反应，起作用；守规矩，举止得体 20.case / keɪs / (C/n.) 具体情况； 事例；案件；容易；箱子；状况(31) 21.in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 (31) in that case 既然那样 in case of .... 如果....; 即使.... in case +句子 以防....； 以防万一......（从句不用将来时） You’d better bring an umbrella,in case it rains.你最好带把伞，以防下雨 In case of fire, do not use the elevator.如遇火灾，勿用电梯 In many cases, people only care themselves.在许多情况下， 人们只顾自己。 22.frank / fræŋk / adj. 坦率的，直率的(31) 23.definitely / ˈdefɪnətli / adv. 肯定，确实；确切地 (31) 24.trick /trɪk/（VT.） 欺骗；欺诈 （C/n.) 诡计；花招；戏法 (31)----tricky（adj.) 狡猾的；棘手的 trick sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事 trick sb out of sth =cheat Sb out of sth 骗走某人的东西 play tricks on Sb 戏弄某人 25.let go of 放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 (31) 26.ignore/ɪg'nɔ:r /（VT.） 忽视...；对...不理睬(31)---ignorance/'ɪgnərəns / （U/n.) 无知；愚昧 ---be ignorance of/about .... 对....无知/ 不了解 be ignorance of/about.... 对...一无所知 27.suffer / ˈsʌfə(r) / (vi)受苦；受折磨；变差 (vt) 遭受；蒙受；经历... (31) suffer from....遭受.....；患有.... suffer a lot of pain 遭受巨大痛苦 suffer in silence 默默忍受 28.misunderstand / ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd / vt&vi (misunderstood misunderstood) 误解，误会 (33) 29.contact /ˈkɒntækt / vt&n. 联系，联络(33) 30.explode / ɪkˈspləʊd / vi (愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸 vt 使爆炸(31) ----explosion / ɪkˈspləʊʒ(ə)n / n.爆破，爆炸（声）；激增；爆发 a population explosion 人口激增 the explosion of... ... 的激增 31.generous / ˈdʒenərəs / adj. 宽宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的 (33) Part two words and sentence patterns Reading Ⅰ 1.It is often difficult to start a friendship and even more difficult to keep on. The Forum exchange below includes a post written by Amy, a teenager girl who had a problem with her best friend Jenny, and two replies. (P30) 下面的论坛交流包括一个十几岁的女孩艾米写的帖子和两条回复, 她和她最好的朋友珍妮闹矛盾了 (1)even more difficult 甚至更困难 【回顾比较级修饰语】 (2)have a problem with.... 在某方面有困难 have problems/difficulty/trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难 单句语法填空 ①The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. that ②The little problems our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. with 2.Would you turn to online communities for advice about maintaining friendship?(P30) (1)online community 网上群体 (2)advice 【U】建议----advise v. (3)turn to .....for advice 向...寻求建议 (4)maintain / meɪnˈteɪn / v. 保持，维持；维修，保养 3.Friendship on the rocks：please advise!(P30) on the rocks（关系）陷于困境，濒临崩溃；触礁，毁坏，遭难 His plan has landed itself on the rocks. 他的计划遭到失败 In a brief space of time, the company went on the rocks.在很短时间内， 这家公司就濒临破产了。 单句语法填空 ①Our friendship was on the rocks . ②The company has been (be)on the rocks since the Internet bubble互联网泡沫 was exploded. ③Jim had been unemployed over five months and he was really on the (rock) now. rocks 4.My best friend and I have been close for eight years.When I was an awkward primary school student, she was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me.(P30) 当我还是一个笨拙的小学生时，她是一个很受欢迎的女孩, 愿意和我交朋友。 (1)close adj. 亲近的，亲密的，密切的；接近的，靠近的 adv. 靠近地，接近地 sit close to... get close to... v. 关 (2)an awkward primary school student 一个笨拙的小学生 awkward [ˈɔːkwəd] adj.笨拙的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；局促不安的；令人尴尬的 【拓展】an awkward silence 令人尴尬的沉默 awkwardly( adv) 尴尬地；笨拙地；局促地 awkwardness (n.) 尴尬，难堪；笨拙； ①There was an awkward silence. 令人尴尬的 ②You've put me in an awkward position. 难对付的 ③He tried to dance，but he was too clumsy and awkward. 笨拙的 ④Have I come at an awkward time？ 不方便的 (3)be willing to do.... 愿意做........ 单句语法填空 (1)She walked awkwardly (awkward) in her high - heeled shoes. (2)The best solution is to send a light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness (awkward). (3)There was an awkward silence with nobody saying a word at the meeting. 5.Since then, a close friendship has grown between us and she’s been almost like a sister to me.Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.But last Saturday,she broke my heart, and I’m still picking up the pieces.无论我们步行去学校，做作业还是仅仅在周末闲逛，我们几乎都在彼此的视线之内。(P30) (1)“since＋时间点”与现在完成时连用。由时间状语since then，可知句子用现在完成时。 (2)hang out 闲逛，消磨时间 【拓展】hang--hung--hung悬挂，吊；（使）挂在墙上；垂下，垂落 hang up 挂断，挂起 hang--hanged--hanged 绞死 (3)out of one's sight脱离某人的视线 sight n. 视野；视力；看见；景象；（常用复数）风景 [归纳拓展]have long / far sight 远视 lose sight of/out of sight 看不见 lose one's sight 失明 catch sight of 看见 in sight 看得见(反：out of sight) at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of... 一看见…… (4)pick up拿起；接人；恢复； 学会；搭讪 (5)句式分析：whether...or...“不管/无论……，还是……”，引导让步状语从句 Whether we help him or not，he will succeed.不论我们帮助他与否，他都将成功。 单句语法填空 ①Every time I catch sight of myself in the mirror, I feel so disappointed. ②The woman stood there until the plane was out of sight. ③At the sight of the teacher, the boy began to run. ④The sandy beach was in sight. ⑤The hall is beautifully decorated with many lights (hang)from the ceiling. hanging 6.Our original plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon. But in the morning, my friend posted a message on social media saying she had a cold．我们原先计划那天下午去电影院看电影。(P30) (1)original [əˈrɪdʒənl] 【adj.】起初的，独创的；原作的 [n.] 原件，原作 【拓展】original plan 原先计划 an original idea 一个独特的想法 origin [n.] 起源 the origin of.........的起源 As for me, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it. 对我来说，阅读原著比看以此为蓝本的电影更好。 单句语法填空 ①The bag has been returned to the original (origin) owner. ②This is a book full of profound, original (origin), and challenging insights.洞察力 ③Originally (origin), we had intended to go to Italy, but then we won the trip to Greece. ④Legend has it that the origin (original) of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Qu Yuan. ⑤When you have completed the questionnaire调查问卷, copy it and send the_________(origin)to your employer. original (2)the plan is to do..... 不定式作表语 类似结构：one’s dream is to do.... The purpose/invention is to do..... The task/job is to do...... (3)medium [ˈmiːdiəm] 【n.】媒体，方法，媒介；手段；工具 复数 media 【adj.】中等的，中号的 the man of medium height 中等身高的人 (4)social media 社交媒体 (5)句中现在分词短语saying she had a cold作状语。she had a cold是saying的宾语从句，主句是my friend posted a message on social media.。 单句语法填空 ①This morning, my friend sent me a message________ (say) she had a cold. ②The invention of the Internet is to change (change) the way we communicate with each other. ③According to some experts, the purpose of the new test is to detect (detect检测) the disease early． ④The news report was covered by various (medium) outlets, including television and newspapers. media 7.When I called her，she said she might not be able to make it to the cinema. 当我打电话给她时，她说她可能去不了电影院了。“Don’t worry，” I said.“Get some rest.We can wait till you get better.”(P30) (1)make it能够出席；准时到达；获得成功 You will make it if you try.如果你努力的话，你会成功的。 【注意】make it to可以指“到达某地” 【拓展】make a difference起作用，有影响 make fun of 取笑，嘲笑 make up for sth. 补偿，弥补 make out sth. 辨认出 make use of... 使用，利用 make sense of 懂得，理解，明白 【知识延伸】 make it结构中的it有时为形式宾语, 后接形容词作宾语补足语。例如: I have to make it clear that my family is poor. 我得说清楚我家里很穷。 (2)get some rest休息一下=have/take a rest=have a break 【拓展】the rest of.... 单句语法填空 ①I think we should all work for peace.Each of us can make a difference (different)． ②Nobody likes being made (make) fun of. ③I will try my best to make up for the lost time during the summer vacation. 8.Today, however, I received a horrible surprise.A classmate told me she had seen my friend chatting with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. How stupid I was!(P30) (1)horrible [ˈhɒrəbl] adj.令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的--horror/'hɒrər/【U/n.】惊恐；震惊 a horrible crime 骇人听闻的罪行 horrible =terrible 恐怖的；令人震惊的 with horror 惊慌地 in horror 惊恐地 to one’s horror 让某人恐惧的是 (2)chat with sb 与某人聊天=have a chat with sb chat about....闲聊..... Boys are playing basketball, while girls are chatting with each other.男孩子们在打篮球，而女孩子们在聊天。 (3)How stupid I was!本句是感叹句，其基本结构是“How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！” 单句语法填空 ①He's chatting with his dad. ②We often chat about our hobbies after work. ③I had a nice chat with my neighbor this morning. ④Let’s stop chatting(chat) and get down to focuing on important matters. ⑤It is __________(horrible) stressful to do something you know you’re not good at. horribly ⑥To the captain’s 船长horror(horrible), he found that the ship was sinking. 9.My friend’s “illness” was a complete lie! Instead of recovering at home，she was out having fun with someone else.她并没有在家休养，而是和别人出去玩了。(P30) (1)complete adj.完全的，完整的/ v. 完成----completely adv.完全地，彻底地---incomplete adj.不完整的，不完全的；不完善的，未完成的 (2)recover vi.恢复健康；恢复常态vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制 [归纳拓展] ①recover from　 从……中恢复过来 recover oneself 镇定下来 ②recovery n. 恢复；复苏；痊愈 make a recovery from 从……中恢复过来 It can take many years to recover from the death of a loved one.从失去亲人的痛苦中恢复过来可能要花很多年。 单句语法填空 (1)He is recovering(recovery) from a knee injury now. (2)The company is showing signs of recovery (recover) after the economic crisis. (3)Attention should be paid to recovery (recover) and reuse of chemicals. (4)Jennie made a great effort to recover herself(she)． (5)The stolen painting is expected (recover) by the police soon. 【答案】to be recovered 10.I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day, and I still don’t feel like responding to any of her online messages.The stress of this situation is killing me，and I’m at a loss what to do next.(P30) 这种情况的压力简直要了我的命，我不知道下一步该怎么办才好。 (1)so.....that...../ such....that..... (2)avoid doing 避免做..... (3)feel like doing... 想要做..... (4)respond vi. &vt. 回答, 回应; 作出反应, 响应 【词块积累】 ①respond to sth. 　　　　……做出反应/回答 respond to sb. /sth. (with/by sth. ) 用……回应某人(事) ②response n. 回答; 反应 in response to 对……做出反应 make (a) response to 回答/响应……, 对……做出反应 Don’t respond to any e-mails requesting personal information, no matter how official they look. 不要回应任何索要个人信息的电子邮件，不管它们看起来有多么正式。 单句语法填空 ①You have several ways to respond to this awkward question. ②He opened the door in response (respond) to a knock. ③We received many responses (response) to our advertisement. ④You should think about anything carefully to avoid ________ (misunderstand). (5)the stress of.... ....的压力 (6)loss n．失去，丧失；亏损；去世；损失 the loss of Sb 某人的去世 the loss of sth 某物的损失 make a loss on st 在.....上亏损 a sense of loss 失落感 be at a loss 茫然不知所措；困惑； 不知如何是好 Due to lack of experience, we made a loss of $1,000 on the deal. 由于缺乏经验，我们那笔交易亏了1000美金。 【拓展】①lose vt. 失去；迷失；输掉 lose one's way 迷路 ①lost adj. 丢失的；迷路的 be lost in 沉迷于；专注于 单句语法填空 ①Having lost(lose) his father，Tom became very sad. ②The parcel must have been lost(lose) in the post. ③Lost(lose) in reading，she didn't notice me. ④I am ready to do anything to make up for ____ loss. the ⑤The company suffered a great loss due to the fire. 完形填空 “Sana, why don’t you read this paragraph for us?” asked Miss Mehwish. Hesitantly (犹豫地), Sana stood up to ____41____the paragraph. She stammered (结巴着说话), “Em ... Emma was stand ... ing ...” The ____42____started laughing. “Sana,” said Miss Mehwish, “Sana, ____43____.” Feeling awkward (尴尬的), Sana sat down and Miss Mehwish ____44____someone else to read it. After the class, Sana went to the ____45____, planning to practice reading and overcome (克服) her weakness. To go to the bookshelf, she walked past some of her classmates who were ____46____sitting there. She heard them speaking softly, “What is she ____47____here?” asked one. “She needs to work hard!” said another. Disheartened, Sana ____48____a book. She sat at the far corner of the library and started reading the ____49____. After many tries, she found that it was not ____50____for her to read in a flowing (流畅的) way; she needed a lot of practice and ____51____. Then, Aliza, one of her classmates, walked to Sana and offered her help. Gladly, Sana ____52____. So every day, whenever they got time, Aliza would teach Sana to read. Soon Sana’s reading started to flow and she became ____53____. A few weeks later, Miss Mehwish carried out a reading test. When it was Sana’s turn, she read the paragraph without stammering or hesitation, which ____54____everyone. Miss Mehwish ____55____Sana for her improved reading ability. Sana thanked Aliza for helping her. 41. A. find B. write C. read D. translate 42. A. team B. class C. teachers D. fans 43. A. sit down B. slow down C. stand up D. hurry up 44. A. helped B. forced C. warned D. asked 45. A. hall B. playground C. library D. bookshop 46. A. also B. already C. always D. almost 47. A. doing B. saying C. dreaming D. singing 48. A. picked B. bought C. stole D. borrowed 49. A. post B. bill C. paragraph D. book 50. A. difficult B. important C. possible D. necessary 51. A. experience B. guidance C. service D. space 52. A. rose B. left C. changed D. agreed 53. A. creative B. confident C. calm D. crazy 54. A. saved B. served C. surprised D. suited 55. A. praised B. paid C. pitied D. prepared 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. D 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A 课后练习 一、语法填空 　　Amy and Jenny 　1　(be) close friends for eight years. They're hardly out of each other's sight 　2　 things changed last Saturday.  Their original plan was to see a film that afternoon. But Jenny posted a message on social media 　3　(say) she had a cold. Amy told her to have 　4　 rest at home. However, instead of recovering at home, Jenny was seen by one of their classmates 　5　(be) out having fun with someone else.   When Amy heard this, she was very angry. Now she is at a 　6　(lose) what to do next and turns to online communities for advice.   Cindy thinks their friendship is worth 　7　(save): eight years 　8　(be) a long time. They should find an opportunity to have a talk 　9　 each other to solve the problem.   In David's opinion, if Amy 　10　(trick) by her friend, she can let go of their friendship.  【答案】 1.have been　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语for eight years可知,空格处应用现在完成时。故填have been。 2.but　考查连词。根据语境可知,空格处前后的两个分句在意思上形成转折关系,应用表示转折的并列连词连接。故填but。 3.saying　考查现在分词。空格处作定语修饰message,且两者之间是主动关系,应用现在分词。故填saying。 4.a　考查冠词。have a rest意为“休息一下”。故填a。 5.to be　考查动词不定式。此处是see sb. do sth.的被动形式,省略的to要还原。故填to be。 6.loss　考查名词。at a loss意为“不知所措”,为固定短语。故填loss。 7.saving　考查动名词。sth. be worth doing意为“某事(物)值得被……”。故填saving。 易错归因 本题易错填being saved。worth后需用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。 8.is　考查主谓一致。eight years虽然形式上是复数,但通常将其视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数。故填is。 9.with　考查介词。have a talk with sb.意为“与某人交谈”,表示“与……一起”应用介词with。故填with。 10.was tricked　考查时态和语态。主语Amy与所给提示词trick之间是被动关系,且该动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was tricked。 二、单句语法填空 1.You can’t imagine the difficulty I had 　　　　(make) myself understood with my broken spoken English.  2.Three years 　　　　(be) not a long time, so you’d better value your time.  3. 　　　　(judge) from his words, he must have enjoyed himself in the park this morning.  4.My friends are always willing 　　　　(lend) an ear and offer some useful advice.  5.I’m not sure how the weather will be, but 　　　　any case, it’ll be nice to get out of town.  6.The mother feels like 　　　　(have) a talk with her son about his study at school.  7.I 　　　　　(misunderstand) my best friend and had a terrible quarrel with him before. But then I apologized 　　　　him and we make it up now.  8.The book is worth 　　　　(read) because it will be of great help to you.  【答案】1.making　2.is　3.Judging　4.to lend　5.in　6.having　7.misunderstood; to　8.reading　 11进门考 单句语法填空 1．Jim had been unemployed for over five months and he was really on the rocks now. 2．I dare not let the children out of my sight in this park. 3．Before my speech，I chatted with a woman who was very friendly. 4．James was at a loss as to what to do and felt lost. 5．He realized he was in the wrong and promised to turn over a new leaf. 6．We may miss the next bus，but in any case we’ll be there before midday. 7．You must let go of the idea that to be single is to be unhappy and unfulfilled. 8．He apologized to the people who had been affected. 9．You can rely on him to respond to a challenge. 10．Judging from/by her last letter，they are having a wonderful time. 第十一讲自主学习材料 Unit3 Getting along with others(第二课时)+阅读理解专练 【学习目标】 1、学习必修一Unit3Getting along with others ReadingⅡ的重要句型； 2、阅读理解训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 Words and sentence patterns in Reading 1.I’m so sorry! But this friendship is worth saving:eight years is a long time!(P31)我很抱歉!但这份友谊是值得保存的:八年是一段很长的时间!(P31) (1)be worth doing.... 值得做.... (2)eight years is a long time----金钱，时间，距离，重量作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Two hundred yuan isn’t enough for me. 单句语法填空 (1)The friendship is worth ________(save): eight years is a long time! (2)Thirty years (be) a long time, but it doesn’t mean that I will give up. is (3)Better than half a billion dollars has gone (go)into that fund to purchase more than 5 million acres英亩 of habitat over the past eighty years 2.Don’t be so quick to judge your friend.Perhaps she knows she’s in the wrong and wants to apologize, or maybe she has a simple explanation for her behaviour.别这么快就对你的朋友下结论。或许她知道自己错了，想向你道歉，又或许她可以明白地解释自己的行为。(P31) (1)judge n．法官；裁判员vt.评价；(尤指)批评；判断；认为 【归纳】①judge...by/from... 通过……判断…… judge .....as/to be... 断定......是…… as far as I can judge 据我判断，依我看 ②judging by/from... 从……来看；根据……判断 【区别】concerning prep.关于；涉及 considering prep./conj. 考虑到，鉴于 ③judgement（U） 判断力；识别力 in one’s judgement 在某人看来 make a judgement about/of/on... 对....做出评价 The teacher judged him to be honest.老师认为他是诚实的。 The spokesperson refused to make a judgement on the president’s behaviour. 发言人拒绝对总统的行为作出评价。 单句语法填空 ①He passed (judge) on the guilty man. ②A man should (judge) by his deeds, not by his appearance. 【答案】①judgement ②be judged ③He judged them to be (be) the best plays he had ever seen. ④Judging(judge) from experience, a proper balance is not easy to achieve. (2)in the wrong有错，应承担责任 do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb. 冤枉/委屈某人，对待某人不公平 do wrong 做错，犯罪，做恶 go wrong 出毛病/故障，不正常，走错路 What’s wrong (with …)? （……）怎么啦？（出了什么毛病了？） (3)apologize vi.道歉，谢罪 【归纳】①apologize for sth 因某事道歉 apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 ②apology n. 道歉；谢罪 make/offer an apology to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 owe sb.an apology 欠某人一个道歉 accept/refuse an/one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉 单句语法填空 ①He offered me an apology for losing (lose) my book. ②We apologize(apology) for the late departure of this flight. ③I will apologize to her for not delivering her goods on time. ④You need to make an apology to the teacher for being late for class. ⑤It is clear that the motorcyclist was in the wrong in the accident. (4)behaviour n．行为，举止，态度 【归纳】behave v．举动；举止或行为表现 behave well/badly 表现好/差 behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌；行为规矩 The waiter apologized for his bad behaviour towards the customers.这个服务员为对顾客的不好行为而道歉。 单句语法填空 ①What do you think of the host’s (behave) at the stage that day? ②The shop assistants behave very well customers. ③The five-year-old boy was told to behave (he). 【答案】①behavior ②towards/to ③himself 3.In any case, find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.Listen to what she has to say, and be sure to explain how you feel.I’m sure you can solve this problem together.无论如何，找个机会和她深入、坦诚地谈谈。(P31) (1)in any case 无论如何，不管怎样----case (C/n.) 具体情况； 事例；案件；容易；箱子；状况 【拓展】 ①in most cases 在大多数情况下 In most cases ,we get on well with each other. ②in that/this case 在那种/这种情况下 ③in case of sth. 如果；假使 In case of fire, do not use the elevator.如遇火灾，勿用电梯 ④in no case 决不　(位于句首时，句子用倒装语序) In no case should you shout at your parents who love you deeply.任何情况下你都不应该冲着深爱着你的父母喊叫。 ⑤in case＋从句 以防；以防万一（从句不用将来时） You’d better bring an umbrella,in case it rains.你最好带把伞，以防下雨 【注意】case作先行词且在定语从句中作地点状语时，常用where引导定语从句。 This was the case where he had his money stolen. 单句语法填空 ①Can you think of a case where the word is properly used? ②In most cases (case)，we get on well with each other. ③This time,we stayed together,in case anything else unusual happened. ④Do you remember that beautiful spot we took that picture? where (2)opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti / n. 时机，机会 the opportunity to do... 做某事的机会 (3)frank / fræŋk / adj. 坦率的，直率的 have a full and frank talk with.... 与....进行一次全面而坦率的交谈 (4)Listen to what she has to say, and be sure to explain how you feel. 本句是并列祈使句，listen to 和be sure to explain作并列谓语，并分别接一个what和how引导的宾语从句。 单句语法填空 ①Frankly (frank) speaking, I don’t quite agree with them. ②To be frank with you, I don't really think you've got a chance. 4.I definitely understand how you feel.I also had a friend whom I trusted a lot.When I found out that I was tricked by him, I was really hurt and let go of our friendship.我完全理解你的感受。我也有一个我非常信任的朋友。当我发现我被他骗了，我真的很受伤，放弃了我们的友谊。(P31) (1)definitely / ˈdefɪnətli / adv. 肯定，确实；确切地 ----definite / ˈdefɪnət /adj.清晰的；确定的；肯定的 ----define v.解释，给……下定义-----definition n.定义，解说，限定 (2)trick vt.欺骗，欺诈n.诡计，花招；戏法----tricky（adj.) 狡猾的；棘手的 【归纳】①play a trick/tricks on sb. 搞恶作剧；戏弄 make fun of sb. 取笑某人 play a joke on sb. 取笑某人 ②trick sb.out of sth. 骗取某人某物 trick sb.into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事 She was tricked out of her life savings. 她被骗走了一生的积蓄。 单句语法填空 ①It's cruel to make fun of people who stammer. ②The lady was tricked (trick) out of her diamond necklace yesterday. ③We were tricked into buying (buy) a poor car, which made me very upset. ④Tricked(trick) by that girl, he felt extremely angry. ⑤When some one is bitten by a poisonous snake, first aid is   (definite) necessary. definitely (3)let go of放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 let go of our friendship 放弃我们的友谊 let out　发出(声音)；放走 let alone 更不用说 let sb.down 使某人失望 (4)sb is hurt 某人受伤 单句语法填空 ①It was your rude words that let the poor boy down． ②Suddenly，the girl who was reading a novel let out a cry. ③The baby can't even sit up yet, let alone walk! 5.I know you value your friendship and want your friend to value it equally.However, if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer, it’s time to rethink your relationship.我知道你珍惜你的友谊，也希望你的朋友同样珍惜你的友谊。然而，如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或让你受苦，是时候重新考虑你们的关系了。(P31) (1)value n.价值 v.重视，尊重 (2)equally /ˈiːkwəli / adv. （程度）相当地，同样地；平均地，相等地 【拓展】equal /ˈiːkwəl /adj.相等的,平等的;能胜任的. n. 同等的人(物). vt. 与…相等;比得上 be equal to sth 能胜任…… be equal in 在……方面相等 be without equal 无与伦比 equal sb.in (doing) sth.在(做)某事方面与某人匹敌 be of equal importance 同等重要 (3)ignore vt.忽视，对……不予理睬 ignore sth... 忽视某事 I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it.我提了个建议，但他们不予理会 【归纳】①ignore one's advice/mistakes　忽视某人的建议/过错 ②ignorant / ˈɪɡnərənt / adj. 无知的 be ignorant of/about... 对……不了解 ③ignorance / ˈɪɡnərəns / n. 无知 单句语法填空 ①As a result of their ignorance (ignore), they soon divided themselves into two groups. ②Never make your students feel ignorant (ignore). ③He chose to ignore (ignore) her rude remarks. ④She is completely ignorant of modern technology. ⑤The singer held his head and walked past, ignoring(ignore) his fans. (4)suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差vt.遭受，蒙受 ---suffering / ˈsʌfərɪŋ / n. 痛苦，疼痛；苦难；折磨-----sufferer / ˈsʌfərə(r) / n. 患病者；受苦者 The people in this country have suffered a lot because of the war. 战争让这个国家的人民深受其害。 [易混辨析]　suffer，suffer from ①suffer指“遭受苦痛、损失，忍受侮辱”等，其宾语通常为pain，loss，damage，punishment，defeat，hardship，discouragement，disappointment等抽象名词，一般不用于被动语态。 The girl who lost her parents suffered great stress during those years.那些年这个失去父母的女孩承受了很大的压力。 ②suffer from指“遭受战争、自然灾害等带来的苦难及患病之苦”，其后常接表示疾病或造成不幸或痛苦的事物的名词，一般不用于被动语态。 Do you still suffer from a headache? 你还头疼吗？ 单句语法填空 ①The old farmer told us of his sufferings (suffer). ②Many people suffered from hunger during the war. ③He suffered (suffer) a massive heart attack. ④The old man often helped those suffering(suffer) a great loss in the earthquake. ⑤________ (suffer) such heavy pollution already, the river needs cleaning up immediately. Having suffered (5)it's time (for sb.) to do...意为“是(某人)做某事的时候了” I know it is time for me to set out to do my homework，but I just can't resist playing computer games. 我知道是开始做作业的时候了，但我就是忍不住要玩电脑游戏。 【归纳拓展】It’s time. . . 的常见句式: ①It’s time for. . . 　……的时间到了。 ②It’s time (for sb. ) to do sth. 到(某人)做某事的时间了。 ③It is (about/high) time (that). . . 到了……的时候了/该……了。从句的谓语动词用过去式或“should+动词原形”, should不能省略。 【区别】advise/suggest/propose+that 从句---(should) do It’s time that you bought/should buy an English dictionary.  你该买本英语词典了。 ④It’s the first/second/. . . time that. . . 这是第一次/第二次/……从句谓语动词用现在完成时。若主句中is改为was, 则从句谓语动词用过去完成时。 It was the second time that he had visited the Great Wall.  这是他第二次参观长城。 单句语法填空 ①The young man thought it was time for him （see）his elderly father.   ②It’s time that you (buy) an English dictionary.   ③It was the second time that he (visit) the Great Wall. 【答案】①to see②bought/ should buy ③had visited 6.Amy felt like watching a film last Saturday but the plan was canceled because I was ill.....Then I got a call from a friend whom I hadn’t contacted for a long time. She asked me out for coffee.(P33) (1)cancel vt. 放弃，取消，终止；[英式 cancelled；美式 canceled] 【拓展】put off 推迟 (2)contact vt. “联系” Please contact us on the Internet. 【拓展】contact n. “联系” be in contact with“与……有联系、接触”=get in touch with “与…接触” lose contact with“与……失去联系” make contact with“与.....联系，接触” People who provide information for the police should contact them on 5550-1212. 单句语法填空 ①He was in direct contact with the kidnappers. ②Though they all live nearby, I lost contact with them really quickly. ③How can I make contact with that famous engineer? 7.When Amy found out, she exploded with anger.艾米发现后，气炸了。(P33) explode / ɪkˈspləʊd / vi (愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸 vt 使爆炸 exploded with anger 勃然大怒 The boy exploded with anger. 这个男孩勃然大怒。 【拓展】explosion / ɪkˈspləʊʒ(ə)n / n.爆破，爆炸（声）；激增；爆发 a population explosion 人口激增 the explosion of... ... 的激增 单句语法填空 ①Do you fear that you'll burst into tears or explode anger in front of her? ②If the gas pipe explodes, the (explode) may do great damage to the buildings around. 【答案】①with ②explosion ③The company has been on the rocks since the Internet bubble互联网泡沫 was exploded (explode) . 8.But you should talk to her face to face. Amy is a generous person. She’ll understand.但你应该当面和她谈谈。艾米是个慷慨的人。她会理解的。(P33) (1)face to face 面对面 (2)generous / ˈdʒenərəs / adj. 宽宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的 ---generosity / ˌdʒenəˈrɒsəti / n慷慨，大方 be generous to... 对.....慷慨，大方 单句语法填空 ①It was generous of him to pay for us. ②He was always (generously) in sharing his enormous knowledge. generous ③Acts of (generous), no matter how small, can significantly enhance the warmth and depth of a friendship. 【答案】generosity 阅读一 Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and  infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.  They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital  aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks  and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway  safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut  and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board. That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of  railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend  approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending  maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail  infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts. By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing  higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for  rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new  concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time. 28. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible? A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B.Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes. C.The reduction of cost in designing drones. D.Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas. 29. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones. C.Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure. 30. What function is expected of the rail drones? A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically. C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation. 31. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 阅读二 The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money  as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the  policy has shown. First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks  containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce  childhood obesity (肥胖). It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are  consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. Initially the sugar tax was expected to make £520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate £240m for the year ending in April  2019, which will go to school sports. It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers’ efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the  sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year. Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设施) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part. 32. Why was the sugar tax introduced?、 A. To collect money for schools. B. To improve the quality of drinks. C.To protect children’s health. D. To encourage research in education. 33. How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax? A. They turned to overseas markets. B. They raised the prices of their  products. C. They cut down on their production. D. They reduced their products’ sugar content. 34. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected? A. Most alcoholic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic  Coke. 35. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy? A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story. C. It benefits manufacturers. D. It upsets customers. 【答案】32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B 课后练习 一、根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词 1．The foreign child is awkward (笨拙的) with his chopsticks. 2．It was a horrible(可怕的) experience to see so much blood on the floor. 3．The disease failed to respond (反应) to the new drugs the doctor applied. 4．I wanted to have a word with her，but she ignored(不理睬) me and went away. 5．The time bomb exploded (爆炸) but nobody was injured. 6．It's reported that there the original settlers were the Indians.(origin) 7．To be frank with you，I don't really think you've got a chance.(origin) 8．He suffered from starvation and disease at that time.(suffer) 9．It can take a long time to recover from an operation.(reover) 10．Nowadays，more and more people like chatting on the Internet.(chat) 二、语法填空 The next day Wang Pengwei’s restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier. Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant. He did not look forward to __1__(be) in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular. He smiled. But the smile left his face when he saw Yong Hui walking in. She did not look happy __2__ glared at him as she moved round the customers. “May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant yesterday? I thought you were a new customer and now I find you came only to spy __3__ me and my menu,” she shouted. “Please excuse me,” he __4___(calm) explained, “ I wanted to know __5__ all my customers had gone yesterday. I followed one of __6__ (they)and found them in your restaurant. I don’t want to upset you, but I found your menu __7__ limited that I stopped __8___(worry) and started advertising the __9___ (benefit) of my food. ___10__ don’t you sit down and try a meal? 1. being 2. but 3. on spy on4. calmly 5. where 6. them 7. so 8. worrying 9. benefits10. Why 12 进门考 单句语法填空 1．Tricked(trick) by that girl，he felt extremely angry. 2．How can I make contact with that famous engineer? 3．If she leaves，it will be a big loss(lose) to the school. 4．Leave any valuables in your car out of sight. 5．He walked past，ignoring(ignore) all of us completely. 6．As long as you have a dream，keep trying and you'll make it． 7．I don't see why I couldn't do it.In any case，I'm going to try. 8．Why should I go and apologize(apology) to her? 9．Judging(judge) from her accent，I could tell that she was from the south. 10．The old woman decided to comfort the man suffering(suffer) great loss. 第十二讲自主学习材料 Unit3 Getting along with others(第三课时)+七选五专练 【学习目标】 1、学习必修一Unit3Getting along with others Grammar usage-Integrated skills的重要词汇、句型； 2、七选五训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 Part one New words in Grammar usage-Integrated skills 32.count on 依赖，依靠，指望 (34) 33.eat away at 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏 (34) 34.shallow /'ʃæləu / aaj.肤浅的；浅薄的；浅的 (34) 35.blog / blɒɡ / n. 博客，网志 36.come between.....and.... 损害....之间的关系，离间；妨碍 (34) 37.in person 亲自，亲身(34) 38.theme / θiːm / n.主题；主旋律(35) 39.slave / sleɪv / n.奴隶 (35) 40.raft / rɑːft / n.木排，筏 (35) 41.high point 最有意思（或最令人愉快、最好）的部分 (35) 42.through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦 (35) 43.opinion/ əˈpɪnjən /（n.) 意见；看法； 观点；信仰 (37) 44.in one’s opinion 在某人看来；就某人而言(37)==in one’s view =from one’s point of view 45.quality / ˈkwɒləti /(n.) 品德；素质；质量；特征 (37) （adj.) 优质的； 高质量的 be of good quality 质量好 improve the quality of... 提高...的品质 quality service 优质服务 46.basis/ ˈbeɪsɪs /（n.)基础；原因；基准(pl. bases) (37) --- base(n.) 基础（物体的根基） v.以……为基础；把基地设在…… form the basis of... 构成...的基础 on the basis of.... 根据....; 基于....； 原因是.... on basis of... 以...为基础 47.respect / rɪˈspekt /（vt) 尊重；尊敬（n.) 尊敬；敬意；方面 (37)--respected （adj.) 受敬重的 respect Sb for st 因某事尊敬某人 with respect 尊敬地；恕我直言 in every respect 在每个方面 48.get over 克服...；恢复常态(37) 49.efficient [ɪˈfɪʃnt] adj.效率高的，有功效的 (37) 50.extra / ˈekstrə / adj. 额外的，分外的，附加的的 adv.额外，另外；特别，格外 (37) 51.bring out 使显现，使表现出 (37) bring out the best in Sb 把某人最好的一面表现出来 【拓展】bring about .. 引起；导致.. bring back 归还； 使回想起 bring down 减少；降低；打败 bring up 养育；抚养 52.measure [ˈmeʒə] vt.估量，判定，测量 n.措施；衡量 (37) beyond measure 极其；非常 Part two words and sentence patterns in Grammar usage-Integrated skills 1.A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world. 真正的朋友是别人都走开的时候，他仍与你在一起的人。真正的朋友是我们可以依靠的人。真正的朋友能看到我们真实的自我，而不仅仅是我们向世界展示的那张脸。(P34) (1)the rest of.... .....的剩余 (2)count on 依赖，依靠，指望 【归纳拓展】 count...in把……计算在内,包括…… count...out不包括 count up (=add up)把……加起来 count for much/little价值大/不大 count...as...把……看作…… If you go to play basketball tonight, count me in. 如果你们今晚去打篮球，算上我。 【名师点津】“依赖,依靠”的表达还有: depend on,rely on What they did not know was how much support they could count on from Democrats. 他们不知道能够指望从民主党人那里得到多少支持。 单句语法填空 ①I count him as my closest friend. ②If you're having a party,count me in． ③Count up to ten before you open your eyes. ④For tax purposes that money (count) as income. is counted 2.Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. We may be able to make many friends online, but these friendships can be quite shallow.然而，如今，让我们保持联系的现代工具正在蚕食友谊的意义。我们也许可以在网上交到很多朋友，但这些友谊可能相当肤浅。(P34) (1)keep sb connected 与某人保持联系 (2)eat away at侵蚀， 腐蚀， 逐渐破坏 They eat away at your healthy muscle.它们会侵蚀你健康的肌肉。 (3)shallow adj. 肤浅的；浅薄的；浅的 【拓展】shallowly adv. 微弱地 shallowness n. 肤浅 His new book was criticized for being shallow.他的新书因内容肤浅而受到批评。 We found some strange fish in shallow waters around the coast.我们在海边浅水水域发现了一些奇特的鱼。 Fish prefer shallow water to deep water .鱼儿喜欢浅水区而不是深水区。 单句语法填空 ①I watch TV every day to keep myself 　　　 (inform) of what is going on in the world. informed ②Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us _________(connect) are eating away at the meaning of friendship. ③What happened yesterday keeps me __________(consider) what on earth friendship is. ④Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away the meaning of friendship. 【答案】at 3.Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. Texting and messaging cannot take the place of face-to-face chatting.像博客这样的社交媒体在我们和我们爱的朋友之间架起了桥梁。短信和短信不能取代面对面的聊天。(P34) (1)come between.....and.... 损害....之间的关系，离间；妨碍 (2)take the place of=take one’s place 代替，替代；就座;占据一席之地 【拓展】in place of 代替;取代 in place 在适当的位置;在原处 in the first place 最初;首先;第一 I will take the place of my father to run the company.=I will take my father's place to run the company.我将代替我父亲管理公司。 单句语法填空 ①I don’t want this misunderstanding to come 　　　 us.  between ②Robots can now do such dangerous jobs in place of human being.. 4.To make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person.为了让朋友成为我们生活中真正的一部分，我们应该放下智能手机，亲自去见他们。 (P34) (1)put down 放下；写下；镇压 put aside忽视；储存……备用 put away收起；储蓄 put up张贴 put out扑灭；出版 put off推迟 put ...away 把...收拾好 put in 安装 (2) in person亲自，亲身 【归纳】in surprise吃惊地 in advance提前 in use=in service 在使用中 in secret 秘密地 in trouble 处于困难中 in fear 害怕地 in danger 处于危险中 in debt负债 in public 在公共场合 in private 私下里，秘密地 练习 ①The old man puts _____ some money each month. ②You’d better put _____ these toys when the game is over. ③About five minutes later, they arrived and put _____ the fire. ④We’ve had to put _____ our wedding until September next year. aside; away; out; off ⑤To save money, you’d better book the ticket in advance. ⑥I want to thank you person for the impact you’ve had on my life. in ⑦You don’t show your secret (personal)when you’re awake because you can control your behavior. personality Integrated skills 句型 5.It also left me thinking about what it really means to be a” good friend”.这也让我思考什么才是真正的“好朋友”。In my opinion, the following qualities form the basis of a friendship. (P37) 在我看来，以下品质构成了友谊的基础。 (1)leave sb doing 让某人一直做..... (2)quality n.n. 品德，素质；质量；特征 adj. 优质的，高质量的 be of good/bad quality质量好/质量差 be of high/poor quality质量高/质量差 improve the quality of... 提高...的品质 quality service 优质服务 【区别】quantity n.量，数目；大量，大批 large quantities of.... 大量.... a large/small quantity of大/少量...... 单句语法填空 ①Wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality. ②All the tractors except this are good in quality. ③We can supply large quantities (quantity) of these goods. ④There are many different ________(quality) of gold and silver. qualities ⑤A large quantity of money _______(collect) to help those suffering from the floods till now.has been collected ⑥What happened yesterday leaves me ________(consider) whether I should let go of our friendship or not. (3)basis n. (pl. bases) 基础；原因；基准 【搭配】on the basis of ... 在……的基础上；因为…… on basis of... 以...为基础 form the basis of... 构成...的基础 【注意】base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础；把基地设在…… n. 根基；根据 basic adj. 基本的，基础的 basically adv. 基本上 (4)in sb’s opinion 就某人而言；依某人来看 =in my view=from my point of view =as far as I am concerned 单句语法填空 ①She was promoted on the basis of her excellent performance. ②Contact with other people is a basic (basis) human need. ③The plan is basically (basis) sound, but we need to make some minor adjustments. ④On the basis (base) of the evidence, we can conclude that he is innocent. 6.A good friend needs to be supportive. I can see that Tim is having trouble balancing this project and his schoolwork, and I can see that both are important to him.(P37)好朋友应该支持你。我可以看出蒂姆在平衡这个项目和他的学业方面遇到了困难，我可以看出这两者对他来说都很重要 I must respect and support the choices he makes.我必须尊重并支持他的选择。 I should also encourage him to take action to get over these difficulties. 我也应该鼓励他采取行动克服这些困难。 (1)supportive adj. 拥护的，给予帮助的 (2)have trouble (in) doing.... 做某事有困难 have trouble balancing this project and his schoolwork 难以平衡这个项目和他的功课 单句语法填空 ①I am not fond of pop music, because I often have trouble (understand) the words. ②He has much difficulty his English pronunciation. ③It was not difficult for the police to find out the murderer. →The police had the murderer. 答案：①understanding ②with ③no difficulty in finding out (3)respect / rɪˈspekt /（vt) 尊重；尊敬（n.) 尊敬；敬意；方面 respect sb for sth 因某事尊敬某人 have/show respect for sb. 尊敬某人 out of respect 出于尊重 with respect 尊敬地；恕我直言 in every respect 在每个方面 in all/many respects 在所有/许多方面 in respect of=with respect to 关于；就……而言 【拓展】respectful adj.恭敬的 respectable adj.可敬的，体面的 单句语法填空 ①Most of the people were very serious and respectful (respect). ②He has no respect for her feelings. ③In this respect we are very fortunate. ④Please give my respects (respect) to your parents. ⑤I want him to respect me as a career woman. (4)get over 克服；恢复常态 【拓展】get away from逃离;摆脱;避免 get along/on with与……相处;进展 get through通过;完成;打通电话;渡过 get rid of摆脱,除掉 get across (使)被理解;(把……)讲清楚 get off 离开，出发；下班 get in 到达，加入，成功做到，变得友好 用get的短语填空 ①There are lots of different ways to your message when you are putting together an ad campaign. ②Our lines can get very busy, but please keep trying and you will soon . ③ The whole village was involved in the harvest . ④Once we the first few months, we should be making a reasonable profit. ⑤Watch Frank—he’ll cheat if he thinks he can it. 【答案】①get across ②get through ③getting in ④get over⑤get away with. 7. When he’s struggling with his schoolwork, I should do all I can to help him become a more efficient learner. (P37)当他在努力做功课时，我应该尽我所能帮助他成为一名更高效的学习者。 (1)be struggle with.... 努力应对；与....作斗争 (2)efficient adj. 效率高的，有功效的 【拓展】inefficient adj. 效率低的 efficiently adv. 高效地 efficiency n. 效率 To better protect the Earth, we are supposed to make efficient use of natural resources.为了更好地保护地球，我们理应有效利用自然资源。 单句语法填空 ①We are aimed at improving efficiency (efficient), instead of extending working hours.我们的目的是提高效率，而不是延长工作时间 ②When we are younger, our bodies are more efficient (efficient) at burning up calories.当我们年轻些的时候，身体消耗卡路里的效率更高 ③When he is struggling his schoolwork, I should do all I can to help him become a more efficient learner. with 8. It will take up some of the spare time, but this friendship is worth my extra time and effort. I’m sure that Tim would do the same for me. (P37)它会占用一些业余时间，但这份友谊值得我额外的时间和努力。我相信蒂姆也会为我做同样的事。 (1)take up...占据（时间、空间等）；拿起，接受，开始；继续 【拓展】take away 拿走，夺走 take back 收回（前言），承认说错了话 take down 拿下,取下，记(录)下来 take for 当作,认为 take in 吸收，接受;欺骗 take off 取(脱)下,拆下,切除;起飞 take on 具有；呈现(面貌等);雇用;穿上 take over We wanted a table for seven, but they were all taken up.我们想找一张7人的桌子，但它们都被占了。 (2)be worth doing.... 值得做..... 9. To me, a good friend brings out the best in a person. (P37)在我看来，好朋友能激发出一个人身上最好的一面。 bring out使显现，使表现出；引出，介绍；推出，发布 【拓展】bring up 抚养；培养；教导；提出；呕吐 bring down 使倒下,使垮台;降低(物价、温度等)；减少 bring in 引进；获利 bring about 引起；导致 bring back 把……送回;使想起;恢复 bring forward将……提前;提出讨论 The old woman brought up five children. 养育 David was brought up to value the sense of sharing. 教导 The greedy child brought up all he had eaten. 呕吐 单句语法填空 ①His new suggestion was brought (bring) up at the meeting yesterday. ②Computers have brought about many changes in the workplace. ③Can you make a sentence to bring out the meaning of the phrase? 10.I’ll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops. (P37)我将一直重视好朋友的这些品质，并且随着我们友谊的发展努力用这些标准衡量自己。 (1)value n.价值/v.重视，珍视 (2)the quality of a good friend 好朋友的品质 (3)measure vt. 估量，判定；测量 n. 措施；衡量 【拓展】①measure...by... 用……衡量 be measured by/in... 用……来计算/衡量 ②take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 make...to one’s measure 根据某人的尺寸做…… beyond measure无法估量的 ③measurement n.测量结果；三围，（身材）尺寸；测量，计量；测量单位 take one's +身体部位 measurement 量....尺寸 take one's head measurement测量一个人的头部 ④measurable adj. 可测量的; 显著的 【注意】measure作“尺寸”讲时，常用作不可数名词；而作“措施”讲时，通常用复数形式。 He’s gone to be measured for a new suit. 他去量尺寸做新衣服去了。 单句语法填空 (1)We must take measures(measure) to protect the environment from pollution. (2)I want you to take my chest measurement (measure). (3)Do you take measures to protect (protect) yourself against Alzheimer's disease? (4)It is difficult to measure (measure) the success of the campaign at this stage. (5)Beauty cannot be measured by any absolute standard 七选五练习一 How Can I Fight Laziness? Lazy people find it hard to fight laziness. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind. 1 Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation (动力) once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day. Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more proactive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. 2 Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations(诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. 3 Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film. Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. 4 Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people. 5 Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle，thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits. A．One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep. B．Knowing how to fight laziness is important. C．Finally，taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness. D．To fight family laziness, set an example. E．With strong determination，you will be able to achieve your goal. F．Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child. G．Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life. 【答案】AGFDC 七选五练习二 Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___ You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F 课后练习 单句语法填空 1.The man began to scream 　　　　　(horrible).  2.Attention should be given to 　　　　　(recover) and reuse of chemicals.  3.He opened the door in 　　　　　(respond) to a knock.  4.By hard work they made up the 　　　　　(lose) of time.  5.This failure is a 　　　　　(judge) on you for being so lazy.  6.Being recognized in public has brought her much trouble,so she is always wearing dark glasses to avoid 　　　　(recognize).  7.Outdoor air pollution leads to more than 3 million premature 　　　　　(die) each year.  8.I shall be pleased to go,if you will 　　　　　(accompany)me.  9.Perhaps he repeated these 　　　　　(admire)letters to various friends.  10.They are a very 　　　　　(respect) family.  1-5 horribly recovery response loss judgement 6-9 recognition/being recoginized deaths accompany admirable 10-14 respectable 13 进门考 单句语法填空 1.After long 　　　　　(reflect) we decided to buy that house.  2.A stay in the country will be 　　　　　(benefit) to his health.  3.Do not rush—go at your own 　　　　　(comfort) speed.  4.Let’s sing some songs to celebrate this 　　　　　(joy) occasion.  5.However,no matter what I do,my efforts to lose weight always end in　　　　　(fail).  6.You should 　　　　　(apology) for losing your temper with her.  7.Does television affect children’s 　　　　　(behave)?  8.As a result of their 　　　　　(ignore), they soon divided themselves into two groups.  9.The old farmer told us of his 　　　　　(suffer).  10.I don’t want any 　　　　　(misunderstand) between us.  reflection beneficial comfortable joyful 15-19 failure apologize behaviour ignorance sufferings 20-25 misunderstanding 第十三讲自主学习材料 Unit3 Getting along with others(第四课时)+语法填空专练 【学习目标】 1、学习U3语法：定语从句的用法； 2、语法填空训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 定语从句复习 定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 U3---语法（关系代词引导的定语从句） 关系代词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句。关系代词具体有：that, which, who, whom, whose 定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。 关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 从句中作用 例句 who 指人 作主语 宾语（可省略） 1．This is the girl who / that teaches us English. ( who / that指人，修饰先行词the girl，在从句中作主语) 2．He is the boy whom / who / that I met yesterday. ( whom / who / that 指人，修饰先行词the boy在从句中作宾语，whom / who / that 可省略。) whom 指人 作宾语（可省略） whose 指人、物 作定语 3．This is the girl whose father is an engineer. （whose作定语，用来修饰人） 4．I live in a room whose windows face the south. （whose作定语，用来修饰物，whose windows = the windows of which 或of which the windows） 5．The boss in whose department Mr. King worked called at the hospital.(whose可在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语) which 指物 作主语 宾语（可省略） 6．This is the book which / that I lost yesterday. (which/ that指物，作宾语，可省略) 7．The clock is an instrument which / that can tell time. （which / that 指物，作主语） 8．Do you know the woman that / who lives next door? (that / who 指人，作主语) that 指人、物 作主语 宾语（可省略） as 指物 作主语、宾语 可修饰整个主句 9．This is the same pen as I bought yesterday. (as指物，在从句中作宾语) 10．As we all know, Taiwan is part of China. (as指代整个主句的内容) 使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题： a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。 1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。 1.I told him all (that) I know. 2.He gave her everything (that) he had. 2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。 1.I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 2.You can take any book (that) you like. 3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read. 2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 1.We talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school. 2.The people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found. 5.在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。 1. Who is the boy that helped you? 2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。 He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the time. 7. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. b.在以下几种情况下只使用which 不用that。 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much. (which 作宾语，指代主句中的pen) New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us. (which作主语，指代整个主句) 2. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是which，另一个须用that。 The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best. 3. 先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who 不用that。 1. 先行词为all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时，须用who。 1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now. 2. Those who want to see the film please put up your hands. 3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man. 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。 Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard. 3. 在被分隔的定语从句中，须用who。 A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German. 4. 在以there be开头的句子中，多用who。 There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster. 5. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。 The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that studies very hard. d. as和which的使用场合。 as which 引导的非限制性定语从句 可放在句首或句中 不能放在句首 修饰“积极的”方面 修饰“消极的”方面 在句中含义 意为“正如”、“就像” 无此意 常用的搭配 常和such，so，the same等连用 无此用法 “～ + be + 过去分词”结构 “be”可以省略 “be”不能省略 表示状态的动词 as is said above, as already mentioned above as is often the case as it is as is known to all 无此用法 都能引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子的内容 如： As we all know, he studies very hard. 比较：He studies very hard, as / which we all know. I’ve never seen such a clever man as he is. He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like. He was late, which made the teacher angry. The bridge is really wonderful, as (is) shown in the picture. The experiment is very important, as indeed it is. e. the same…as …和the same… that…的不同。 This is the same book as I lent you yesterday. 这本书和我昨天借给你的相似。（相似物） This is the same book that I lent you yesterday. 这正是我昨天借给你的那本书。（同一物） (一)用关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose, as填空。 1. The earthquake ________shook the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history. 2. We don’t know the number of people __________lost their homes in the earthquake. 3. The house ___________they built in 1937 is still in very good condition. 4. The house __________is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake. 5. The boy ___________ father is a teacher is very clever. 6. A clock is a machine ____________tells people the time. 7. Our village is no longer the one __________ it used to be. 8.The house __________ he is looking for is very expensive. 9. Do you know the man __________ houses are all broken? 10. ________ is known to all, the moon travels round the earth once very month. 【答案】 1. that/ which 2. who/ that 3. that/ which / 不填 4. that/ which 5. whose 6. that / which 7. that / 不填 8. that / which / 不填 9. whose 10. as (二)用合适的关系代词填空 1).We should do everything _________ is good for our studies. 2).The is the first place ________ I want to visit. 3).This is the most interesting book _________ I have ever read. 4).This is the only thing_________ we can do. 5).He built up a factory which produced things ________ I had never seen before. 6).We talked about the things and persons __________ we were interested in. 7).This is the train by _______ we went to Beijing. 8).Football, _______ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 9).He was late for school again, _________ made the teacher very angry. 【答案】 1.that 2.that/ \ 3.that/ \ 4.that/ \ 5.that/ \ 6.that/ \ 7.which 8.which 9.which (三)单项选择 1：Alice received an invitation from her boss, _______came as a surprise. A. it    B. that    C. which     D. he 2：Women _____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _____ don’t. A.who, 不填 B.不填，who C. who, who D. 不填，不填 3：It is reported that two schools, _______ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which 4：Whenever I met him, ____ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile. A.what　　　　　　 B.which　　　　 　C.that　　　　　　 D.when 5：________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As 6：Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ______, of course, made the others envy him. A. as B. that C. what D. which 7：_____ has already been pointed out, grammar is not a set of dead rules. A. As　　　　　　　B.It　　　　　　　 C.That　　　　　　 D.Which 8：I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 【补充】the way 作先行词的定语从句 以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。如： The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising.  他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。 I don’t like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her.  我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。 例题： 1.I don't like ________ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 2.What surprised me was not what he said but _________ he said it. A.in the way B.in the way that C. the way that D.the way which 3.The gardener was called to tell the way the poor dog had died. A. that B. which C. A or D D. in which “介词+关系代词”的单项选择 1：The English play ______ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 2：I still remember the day ____she first wore that green dress. A. which B. in which C. on that D. on which 3：In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help. A. that　　　　　　B. to who　　　　　C.from whom　　　 D.to whom 4：The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained. 1. in that B.for that C.in which D.for which 5：The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% __________are sold abroad. A. of which B.which of C.of them D.of that 【答案】CDDDA 单句语法填空 (1)Huck was a poor white boy father often beats him, while Jim is a black salve who longs to be free. (2)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually. (3)The sports meeting about __________ we talked just now will be held next Tuesday. (4)He is a man with many great features for __________I admire him. (5)You who_________(be) full of strange problems can ask Tom for help,because he is the most knowledgeable in our town. (6)It is said that in our school Lucy is the only one of the students who _________(come) from another the UK. 1.whose 2.where 3.which 4.whom 5.are 6.comes 一．阅读下面的短文，用正确的关系代词填空。 Titanic You may have heard the sad story about “Titanic” (1)____ sounded very sad, but it is true. The story happened on the ocean where the great ship set off on her first voyage, but also her last one. The ship sank at the waters where there were not many icebergs. The ship sank on the night when there were stars in the sky. None of the people on the ship knew the reason why the great ship should sank. Now evening came quietly. Suddenly, a strange sound came from down below the ship (2)_____ was flying forward like a great bird. Captain Smith did not find there was something wrong until the engine had stopped and he was told that the ship was flooded. Thomas Andrews might be the last man on the ship. When a seaman asked him if he was going to leave, he gave no reply. The “Titanic” is to him what a child to his mother. He really did not know whether he should leave the ship or not. Andrews designed “Titanic”. Generally speaking, he was the man (3)_____ people would blame. It was a great ship (4)_____ could carry over 1000 passengers. But this great ship (5)_____ the famous designer was proud of had a life of four days. Captain Smith was another man (6)_____ people would blame. Was he the right man (7)_____ task was to pilot the ship of dreams? 1.that/which 2.which/that 3.who/whom/that 4.that/which 5.that/which 6.whom/who/that 7.whose 二．综合填空。 In October 2017,Margaret called a number that she believed belonged to her grandson Barry,and when he didn’t pick up,she 56.　　　　　(leave) him a voicemail.The person she had called,Callie Hall,called Margaret back to let her know she had the wrong number,but over the next couple of 57.(month),Margaret made the mistake a few more times.  “She called about once every two weeks to check in on Barry—whether he needed his shirt repaired 58. anything else he may need,”Hall said.“I would call her back to let her know it was still me and we would chat a little each time.” After trying to wish Barry 59.　　　　　 happy birthday on December 19,2022,but again calling Hall,Margaret 60.　　　　　(final) worked it out.However,that didn’t stop her continuing to call Hall—this time 61.　　　　　 purpose.  “This time the voicemail said,‘Hello,Callie!’” Hall said.“I worked out Barry’s number.Thank you for being my friend.Love you,later.” From that day forward,they began to form a real 62.　　　　　(friend).Hall still let Margaret’s phone calls go to voicemail because she enjoyed 63.　　　　　(listen) to her messages later when she needed to brighten her day.But she would also be happy 64.　　　　　　　(call) Margaret back so the two could chat.Hall was suffering from an illness,and 65.　　　　　(they) chats began providing her with encouragement during difficult times.  56.left 57.months 58.or 59.a 60.finally 61.on 62.friendship 63.listening 64.to call　65.their 课后练习 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China successfully exploded its first atomic bomb on Oct 16, 1964, (56) (shock) the rest of the world. It was followed by the successful (57) (explode) of a hydrogen (氢)bomb in 1967.Later, a satellite with a recording of the tune of Dong Fang Hong declared to the world that China (58) (master) satellite technology. It was the bombs and the satellite (59) enabled China to take the lead in global scientific and technological development and improve the strength of the country's national defDASense, commented Xinhua News Agency. Many people made (60) (contribute) to these world-shaking events. Yu Min, a famous nuclear physicist who passed (61) in January at the age of 93, was one of them. Yu was one of the leading scientists who (62) (be) able to overcome difficulties in the design of the hydrogen bomb. Known as the "the father of China's hydrogen bomb", he was presented (63) the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award by President Xi Jinping in 2015. It is the nation's highest scientific honor. (64) , Yu said the achievement belonged to the whole team. "A man's name will disappear in time, but (65) will satisfy him is that he can contribute slightly to the nation's prosperity (繁荣)"Yu said, according to China Daily. 【答案】 shocking explosion had mastered that contributions away were with However what 14 进门考 单句语法填空 1.Tangshan city is the typical developing area in Huabei area which is　　　　　(shallow) covered up.  2.People are still suffering under the yoke of 　　　　　(slave).  3.Contact with other people is a 　　　　　(basis) human need.  4.Most of the people were very serious and 　　　　　(respect).  5.I want you to take my chest 　　　　　(measure).  6.The way in 　　　　　(that/which) he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.  7.The Pursuit of Happyness is the most moving film 　　　　　(that/which) I have ever seen.  8.The prize was awarded to those 　　　(that/who) have made great contributions to scientific development.  9.Which is the clock 　　　　　(which/that) was made in France in the 18th century?  10.I’ve read all the books 　　　　　(which/that) were borrowed from the library.  11.Is there anything else 　　　　　(which/that) you require?  12.The first place 　　　　　(which/that) we visited in China was the Great Wall.  13.He talked happily about the men and books 　　　　　(which/that) interested him greatly.  shallowly slavery basic respectful measurement 26-29 which that who that 30-33 that that that that 第十四讲自主学习材料 Unit3 Getting along with others(第五课时)+完型填空专练 【学习目标】 1、学习必修一 Unit3 Getting along with others Extended reading的重要词汇、句型； 2、完型填空训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 Part one New words in Extended reading 53.reflection [rɪˈflekʃn] n.沉思；反射；映像；反映 (39)----reflect v.反射（光、热或声音）；反映 on reflection, 经过思考 on further reflection 进一步思考 reflect on...=think about... 回想...； 思考.... 54.seek / siːk / (sought sought) vi 试图；寻找；争取 vt 寻求；寻找 (39) seek to do sth 试图做某事 seek Sb/ sth 寻找... seek st from Sb 向某人寻求 55. escape [ɪˈskeɪp] vi.&vt.逃跑；避免；被遗忘 n.逃离，逃脱 (39) escape from st 从...中逃脱 escape to ... 逃到.... 56.smooth out 清除（问题），克服（困难）；铺平.. (39) smooth out difficulties 克服困难 smooth st over 缓和； 调解 smooth the path for Sb/sth为...铺平道路 57.be meant to do sth 注定要做某事，应做某事 (39) 58.benefit [ˈBenɪfɪt] n.优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益.vi.得益于(39) bring benefits 带来好处 be of benefit to ... 对...有意 benefit sb/ st 有益于...; 有利于.. benefit from/by... 从...中获益 Both sides benefited from the matter.双方都从这件事情中收益。 【拓展】beneficial （adj.) 有益的 be beneficial to ... 对...有益 59.comfort / ˈkʌmfət / vt.宽慰，抚慰 n.舒服；安慰 (39) --discomfort（n.) 不舒服vt.使……不舒服；使……不安 comfort Sb 安慰某人 in comfort 舒服地 60.joy n.高兴，愉快；令人高兴的人（或事），乐趣 (39) 61.failure / ˈfeɪljə(r) / n.失败；失败的人（或事）；未履行；故障 (39) 62.take on 承担..; 呈现； 具有..；雇佣...(39) take on more responsibilities. 承担更多的责任 63.in full measure 最大程度地；最大限度地 (39) 64.moment/ ˈməʊmənt / n.时光，时机；瞬间；某个时刻 (39) 65.indeed / ɪnˈdiːd / adv.其实，实际上；的确；真正地(39) 66.well-meaning / ˌwel ˈmiːnɪŋ / adj.出于好心的，善意的(39) 67.recognize/ ˈrekəɡnaɪz / vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出 (39) be recognized as... 被认为是.... recognize... from/by... 通过...认出..... 68.thorough [ˈθʌrə] adj.彻底的，全面的；仔细的 (40) He’s a thorough fool. 他是个地地道道的傻瓜。 69.death n. 死，死亡；死亡状态 (40) 70.company [ˈkʌmpəni] n.陪伴，作伴；公司 (40) enjoy one’s comany 享受某人的陪伴 the company Sb keeps 某人所交往的人 keep Sb company 陪伴某人 A man is known by the company he keeps.观其友，知其人。 71.crowd [kraʊd] n.一伙人，一帮人；人群. vt.挤满，使拥挤 vi.聚集，挤，涌 ---crowded（adj.) 拥挤的 a crowd of....=crowds of... 一群..... Crowds of people crowded the beaches.一群人挤满了沙滩。 72.poet / ˈpəʊɪt / n.诗人 (41) 73.admire [ədˈmaɪə] vt.钦佩；欣赏(41) admire Sb/st 钦佩... admire Sb for st 因...钦佩某人 【拓展】admirable(adj.) 令人钦佩的；极其出色的；令人羡慕的 admiration（n.) 钦佩；羡慕； 赞赏 74.wine / waɪn / n.葡萄酒；果酒(41) Part two words and sentence patterns in Extended reading 1.As we walk the “path of life”, we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. (P39)走在人生的道路上，有时我们可能希望独自思考，因为静思可以实现自我的完善。(P39) (1)thought 【C】想法，见解 【U】考虑 (2)for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. 此处的for ，是连词，表原因 (3)reflection n. 沉思；反射；映像；反映 【拓展】 reflect vt. 反映，映出；反射 on reflection 仔细想来，经过慎重考虑 without reflection不假思索地 reflect on/upon 仔细考虑,思考,反省 After days of reflection, she decided to take part in the competition. 想了几天之后，她决定参加比赛。 When you look at yourself in the mirror, you see a reflection.当你照镜子的时候，你会看到一个映像。 单句语法填空 ①The reason why he is lost in _______is that he is ______ (reflect) on the problems ______ in the list. (reflect) 【参考答案】reflection; reflecting; reflected ②Your choice of colour is a reflection (reflect)of your personality. ③The hills (reflect) in the water. are reflected ④In no way did his work (reflect) his abilities. reflect (4)lead to 导致，造成（后果）；通向；通往 ①lead to sth./some place导致某事/通向某地 ②lead to sb./sb.’s doing sth.导致某人做某事 ③lead sb. to sth.使得出(观点);引导某人…… ④lead sb. to do sth.带领某人做某事;导致某人做某事 单句语法填空 ①Look over there—there is a very long, winding path 　　 　　(lead) up to the house.  ②The convenience even leads fewer people 　 　　　(take) public transport.  ③The discovery of new evidence led to the thief’s 　　　 　(catch). (1) leading　(2) to takingz　(3) being caught ④Never pay no attention to your mistakes even though they are small, because you never know where they will lead. 2.However, when we seek to be alone, we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.Social life is also important to us. 不过，在追求独处时须小心，我们不能总是逃入自我的世界中。(P39) (1)seek vi.试图；寻找；争取 vt.寻求；寻找 seek to do sth. 试图做某事；努力做某事 seek one’s fortune 外出寻找发财的机会 seek sb/sth out 挑选出；物色出 seek after/for 追求;寻求;探索 seek out 找到；寻出 We seek to find inner peace. 我们试图寻找内心的宁静。 Seek professional advice, if you want to solve the problem faster. 如果你想更快解决问题，就要寻求专业建议。 单句语法填空 ①He will seek ___________ (bring) out the best in this naughty student. ②The youth have decided to seek _________ the truth of the accident.那些年轻人决定要找出这起事故的真相。 ③Everyone in the world has the right to seek ______ happiness. to bring; out; for ④The hunter tried to escape _______ the forest，but he lost his way. 猎人试图逃出森林，但是迷路了。from ⑤They believed in what they sought(seek), just as I believed in my job. ⑥Yet for those with high ambitions, it is rather more important to realize their life values than to seek after money. (2)escape vi. & vt. 逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n. 逃离，逃脱 escape from sth 从……中逃脱 escape＋n./doing sth. 避开(做)某事 escape one’s attention逃过某人的注意 have a narrow escape 死里逃生 【注意】下面两个短语的区别： escape from prison 越狱 escape prison 逃过牢狱之灾 The man who gathered insects had a narrow escape the other day.不久前的一天收集昆虫的这个人九死一生。 He narrowly escaped death in an earthquake. 他在一次地震中死里逃生。 His absence escaped the professor’s attention/notice.教授没注意到他没来。 单句语法填空 ①Even now, no one knows why it happened, but I did escape the terrible disaster fortunately. from ②The driver narrowly escaped __________ (kill) in the traffic accident.  being killed ③If you commit a crime you can never escape being punished(punish). ④Since the steam水蒸气 had no way________(escape), the teapot exploded. to escape 3.More often than not, close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.通常，亲密的友情能助我们踏平时而坎坷却又注定要经过的道路。(P39) (1)More often than not 通常，往往 (2)smooth out 消除（问题），克服（困难） (3)be meant to do sth 注定要做某事，应做某事 Capable and responsible, he is meant to be a monitor. 能力强又有责任心，他应该当班长。 【名师点津】means作名词表示“手段; 方法”; 常见搭配有: by means of　　　　用……方法; 借助 by no means 决不; 一点儿也不 by all means 务必; 当然可以 单句语法填空/ 完成句子 ①We didn’t mean (hurt) him. It was just a bit of fun.   to hurt ②Since he and Tom are friends, he is trying to smooth out the differences between them. ③I thought the police were meant(mean) to protect people. ④Close friendships will help smooth _______ the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel(travel). 4.As we live in social groups，there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.由于我们生活在社会群体中，我们可以享受友谊的许多好处。(P39) (1)as在此表示“因为，由于” as作从属连词的其他用法总结： ①引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候；随着……；一边……一边……”。 ②引导方式状语从句，表示“按照，如，像”。 ③引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”。 ④引导比较状语从句，表示“像……一样地”。 He smiled politely as Mary apologized for her drunken friends. __________ Hot as the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired. __________ As he was busy，he had no time to play with his children. __________ You’d better do as the teacher has told you. __________ 当……时候; 虽然；尽管; 因为，由于; 按照 (2)benefit n.优势；益处；成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于 【搭配】benefit sb 使某人获益 for the benefit of sb = for one’s benefit 为了某人的利益，为帮助某人 be of (great) benefit to ... 对……（很）有益 to one’s benefit = to the benefit of sb 对某人有利 benefit from/by sth 得益于某事 【拓展】beneficial adj. 有益的 be beneficial to对……有益 I have benefited greatly from her wisdom. 从她的智慧中我获益良多。 A good diet is beneficial to health. 良好的饮食有益于健康。 单句语法填空 ①He considered that the change would be beneficial(benefit) to her health. ②A large number of students will benefit from the new teaching method. ③For the benefit of those people who arrived late, I'll just go over the plan again. ④The students __________ (benefit) most from college are those who are totally engaged in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources. ⑤There is no doubt that the plants benefited the rain. ④benefiting ⑤from 5.Generally speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”:they may comfort the heart，...一般来说，亲密的友谊产生三个“成果”：它们可以安慰心灵……(P39) (1)Generally speaking=in general 一般而言 (2)comfort n．舒适；安慰 vt.宽慰；抚慰----→discomfort n. 不适 vt.使……不舒服；使……不安 [归纳拓展] ①in comfort　 舒适地；放松地 be a comfort to sb. 对某人来说是个安慰 It's a comfort to do sth. 做……是令人安慰的事。 ②comfort sb.＝give comfort to sb. 安慰某人 ③comfortable adj. 舒服的；安逸的 ④comfortably adv. 舒适地 The man is working hard to make his family live in comfort.为了使家人舒适地生活，这个人拼命地干活。 My parents often comfort me with some inspiring words.我的父母经常用一些令人鼓舞的话安慰我。 单句语法填空 ①He had to save enough money so that he could live comfortably(comfortable)． ②Were it not for science，we could not live a comfortable(comfort) life. ③My mom always comforts(comfort) me when I am sick. ④In my opinion , the trip to Tibet was rather long and _________________ (comfortable). uncomfortable ⑤Being able to afford a drink would be _____ comfort in those hard times. a 6.Here, friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! (P39)在此，友谊有双重优势——幸福有了更大的意义，而麻烦在分担之后减半。 (1)advantage n.优势，有利条件----disadvantage n. 劣势，不利条件 have many advantages over....比....有很多优点 take advantage of 利用 (2)take on 呈现，具有；决定做，同意负责，承担（责任）；聘用，雇用 The small town took on a new look. 这个小镇呈现出新的面貌。 Project leaders are meant to take on more responsibilities. 项目组长应该要承担更多责任。 Due to the economic crisis, we will not take on new staff this year. 受经济危机影响，我们今年不招聘新员工。 【拓展】take off　脱(衣服、鞋帽)；(飞机)起飞；(事业)起步，腾飞 take in 吸引；欺骗；包括；理解 take over 接收；接管 take up 占据；继续；拿起；从事 take down 拆除；取下；写下，记下 单句语法填空 ①I heard that the club took in a new member last week. ②Take off your coat because it is hot here. ③I'm going to take over the company one day. ④I won't take up much of your time. ⑤The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed __________ (take)out of the reading room”. to be taken ⑥I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph __________ (take). taken 7. Naturally, this kind of openness results from a close friendship.With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure.(P39) (1)Naturally adv.当然，必然；自然地，天然地 (2)result from.....起因于... ..；由....造成 (3)feel free to do... 随意做.... (4)in full measure 最大程度，最大限度地 单句语法填空 ①The room __________(measure) 6*6 meters actually houses up to 10 people. ②The suspension bridge, ________(measure) 2,000 meters in length, is the longest in the world. measuring; measuring ③The government is taking ________(measure) to bring down the prices of houses. measures 8. We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own. (P39)我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。(P39) (1)recognize vt. 承认，意识到；认出，辨别出---recognition n. 认出；承认 it is recognized that ... 人们意识到……；人们公认…… recognize sb. as/to be...承认某人是…… be recognized as ... 被认为是…… out of/beyond recognition认不出来 (2)find it adj. to do.... 发现做某事是...的 单据语法填空 (1)Being recognized in public has brought her much trouble, so she is always wearing dark glasses to avoid recognition/being recoginized (recognize). (2)The facilities have improved beyond all recognition(recognize). (3)Drugs were not recognized as a problem then. (4)It was recognized (recognize) that this solution could only be temporary. (5)It’s that celebrities have little privacy. To avoid 　　　　 in public, they always wear dark glasses. Their life is somewhat mysterious, which is beyond ___________.(recognize) 【参考答案】 recognized; being recognized/recognition; recognition 9......... our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make.Also, ......, we have to put our thoughts into words first.This alone helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a more thorough understanding of our problems.(P40) (1)be better able to offer advice on.... 更好地提供有关.....的建议 (2)put our thoughts into words 把我们的想法用语言表达出来 (3)more thorough understanding 更透彻的理解 单句语法填空 ①His remarks showed that he misunderstood(misunderstand) my position on the question. 10.Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. (P40)最后，需要指出的是，与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。 (1)point out...指出 (2)company n. 陪伴，作伴；公司 set up a company 开办公司 keep sb. company 陪伴某人 for company 作伴；陪伴 in the company of 和……在一起 in company with...... 与.....一起 【拓展】accompany vt. 陪伴，陪同 companion n. 伴侣，伙伴 I’ll keep you company while you’re waiting. 你等待时我会陪伴你。 While he was dreaming to become a biologist, he runs a software company. 尽管他想当一名生物学家，但他如今却经营着一家软件公司。 单句语法填空 ①Luo Jiaying and Wang Mingquan are each other's good life _________. They have kept each other _______ through the hardest times. They are now living a happy life. Look! Wang is singing sweetly, with Luo ____________ her on the piano.(company) companion company accompanying ②　　　　(accompany) with wind, the rain poured for a whole day.  ③　　　　(accompany) him for a week, she decided not to leave any longer.  ④At the concert, she accompanied the singer 　　　　the piano.  (2)Accompanied　(3)Having accompanied　(4)on/at　 (2)crowd n. 一伙人，一帮人；人群 vt. 挤满，使拥挤 vi. 聚集；挤，涌 【拓展】crowded adj.拥挤的 a crowd of/crowds of一群，众多 be crowded with 挤满…… crowd around/round聚集在……周围 crowd into 涌入，挤进…… 单句语法填空 ①As I was seated there waiting to be interviewed, many thoughts crowded my mind. ②The bus is so (crowd) that there is no room to stand. ③She tried to sleep, but too many thoughts crowded on her. 答案：①into ②crowded ③in ④It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __________(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. crowds 完形填空 It is a blue,cotton shirt.The shirt belonged to my 　41　 David.On his birthday before he left college,his mother bought him the shirt.　42　 I gave him free use of my bike,he let me wear the shirt,occasionally.  We shared the shirt,and as days 　43　,we shared more of our 　44　.David was in school by scholarships and grants (助学金).He 　45　 to keep his scholarships,because without even one of them,he would have to 　46　 and back on the farm.And in David’s home,there was always only enough money to cover the expense.His father died when he was twelve.  At times David also talked about his father.Usually it was late at night,in the dormitory just before bed,and the 　47　 always ended with tears that flowed from a river of memories and longings:memories of a father suffering from 　48　 when his son was just a teenager;longings for opportunities to cure his father’s disease missed,because disease does not understand about the 　49　 between father and son.Nor does it care.  Time passed and we had to say goodbye to each other.After lots of hugging,and words of thanks,we eventually departed.It was on my 　50　 trip upstairs to our dorm that I saw a package on my bed.I 　51　 the wrapping paper.It was the blue cotton shirt in a box with a card 　52　 to it,reading “Thomas,I can’t thank you enough for your 　53　.There have been tough years and you have been 　54　 a friend.Thank you for listening.Thanks for everything.—David”.  I put aside the note,with 　55　 tears dropping on the shirt.I still have the shirt today,though it has faded and wrinkled with age.  41.A.colleague B.brother C.roommate D.professor 42.A.Because B.Unless C.While D.Even if 43.A.came across B.went by C.ran out D.came up 44.A.victories B.belongings C.scholarships D.stories 45.A.happened B.refused C.struggled D.failed 46.A.turn out B.stand out C.figure out D.drop out 47.A.interview B.discussion C.conversation D.debate 48.A.failure B.depression C.poverty D.illness 49.A.connection B.distance C.difference D.conflict 50.A.first B.last C.next D.second 51.A.touched B.pulled C.removed D.folded 52.A.attached B.applied C.adjusted D.admitted 53.A.guidance B.devotion C.friendship D.mercy 54.A.less than B.other than C.more than D.rather than 55.A.sympathetic B.grateful C.joyful D.painful 41-45 CABDC 46-50DCDAB 51-55CACCB 七选五 When I was young，my friends and I often played baseball in an alley behind our home.A woman named Mrs Shinas owned a tiny house nearby，and she used to watch us play from her window.__1__ We all thought that she was mean. She had a big trained dog and whenever one of our baseballs rolled in its direction，Mrs Shinas would send the dog to catch it.__2__ Soon we ran out of balls. In those days，I used to water our lawn each day.One day as I stood watering our small lawn，I noticed that Mrs Shinas’ lawn looked a little dry.It took only a few more minutes to water it，so I did it.__3__ When autumn came that year，I also helped gather up the leaves on Mrs Shinas’ yard.As I was doing this one day，she invited me to sit in her living room.She gave me a cookie and a glass of milk.As I sat there eating the cookie，she showed me her collection of paintings.__4__ That amazed me a lot.It was the first conversation I had ever had with her. __5__ She went into her kitchen and returned with a box.In it were all the balls that her dog had taken.She handed me the box，said “thank you” and smiled.I realized she had a kind heart.I also learned that when we serve others，we are showing them that we love them. A．We wanted to buy a new ball. B．But the dog wouldn’t return the ball to us. C．Her next action even changed my opinion of her. D．Then she thanked me for taking care of her lawn. E．Soon I found myself watering her lawn each day. F．She rarely came out of her house and never smiled. G．What delighted me most was that she was a great painter. FBEDC 课后练习 根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式 1．The mother escaped(逃脱)from the burning house with her baby. 2．We sought(寻找)an answer to the question，but couldn’t find one. 3．He liked to walk too，so we kept each other’s company(陪伴)． 4．I recognized(认出)him as soon as I saw him in the street. 5．The success or failure(失败)of the plan depends on you. 6．The cat felt curious when she saw her own reflection (reflect) in the mirror. 7．It can be beneficial (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust. 8．Lie down on your bed and make yourself comfortable(comfort)． 9．The storm is thought to be responsible for as many as four deaths(death)． 10．The waiting room is crowded (crowd) with passengers waiting for the bus to come. 第2页 | 共4页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $