专题04 词汇与语法（冠词、代词、连词、介词和介词短语）-【山西省对口升学】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 山西省对口升学2022-2026年英语真题分类汇编（专题03词汇与语法），聚焦冠词、代词、连词、介词核心考点，通过五年真题分类呈现考法，适配中职高考复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |选择题|冠词5题、代词7题、介词15题、连词6题|冠词考定冠词特指（2026年the boy in blue）和乐器前the（2024年playing the piano）；代词考不定代词something new（2026年）和物主代词their（2026年）；介词考时间介词on（2026年Christmas Day）和固定搭配rely on（2024年）；连词考因果because（2026年）和对比while（2026年）|真题分类汇编，聚焦高频考点，体现考法稳定性，如冠词多年重复定冠词特指与不定冠词泛指辨析，适配中职高考词汇语法专项突破需求。|

【山西省对口升学】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编 专题03 词汇与语法（冠词、代词、连词、介词和介词短语） 1. 了解冠词、代词、连词、介词和介词短语在试题中的占比和考法； 2. 辨析相似连词、代词和介词的用法； 3. 掌握常见冠词、代词、连词、介词和介词短语的用法。 考向01 冠词 2026年 1. Do you know ________ boy in blue? He is my brother. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你认识那个穿蓝衣服的男孩吗？他是我的哥哥。 句中的名词“boy”后面有介词短语“in blue”作后置定语，用来特指“穿蓝衣服的那个男孩”，在英语中，当特指某人或某物时，名词前应使用定冠词“the”。 2025年 1. The boy had made up ________ mind to become ________ inventor in the future. A. a; the B. his; a C. a; an D. his; an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个男孩已经下定决心将来成为一名发明家。 his：他的或他的东西，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词。第一空，make up one’s mind是固定搭配，意为“下定决心”，主语是The boy，应填形容词性物主代词his；第二空，inventor为可数名词单数，泛指“一名发明家”，且其发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。 2024年 1. Among her achievements were cooking, writing, playing ________ piano and dancing. A. a B. the C. / D. her 【答案】B 【详解】考查定冠词。句意：她的成就包括烹饪、写作、弹钢琴和跳舞。在英语中，表示演奏乐器时，乐器前面要加定冠词“the”，“play the + 乐器”。故选B。 2023年 1. Jack is ________ clever boy, and he likes playing ________ piano. A. a; / B. an; / C. a; the D. an; the 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。句意：杰克是个聪明的男孩，他喜欢弹钢琴。根据clever boy可知，此处用不定冠词，表示“一个”，clever是辅音音素/k/开头，第一空填a；弹奏乐器用“play+乐器”，不用冠词。故选C。 考向02 代词 2026年 1. We are going to learn ________. A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们打算学习一些新东西。 something某些事，用于肯定句；anything任何事，用于否定或疑问句。当形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词必须放在不定代词的后面作后置定语，题干是一个肯定句，应使用something，且形容词new需后置，用something new。 2. They are currently in the middle of ________ trip around the Mediterranean. A. their B. its C. his D. our 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们目前正在进行环地中海的旅行。 their他们的；its它的；his他的；our我们的。句子的主语是“They”，因此空格处应使用对应的形容词性物主代词“their”来修饰名词“trip”，保持人称一致。 2025年 1. Money isn’t ________, so we shouldn’t care about it too much. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：金钱不是一切，所以我们不应该太在意它。 everything一切事物；anything任何事物；something某物；nothing没有什么。根据“so we shouldn’t care about it too much”可知，此处表达“金钱不是万能的/金钱不是一切”。 2. We must train hard in order not to be beaten by ________ teams. A. another B. other C. others D. the others 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们必须刻苦训练，以免被其他队伍打败。 another另一个，后接单数名词；other其他的，后接复数名词；others其他的人/物；the others其余的，后不接名词。根据空后的复数名词“teams”可知，此处应用形容词other修饰。 2024年 1. The population of China is far larger than ________ of Japan. A. that B. what C. those D. which 【答案】A 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：中国的人口远远多于日本的人口。A. that代替“同名异物”，表特指；B. what什么；C. those那些，指代复数名词；D. which哪一个。“population”是一个不可数名词，在比较对象中，为了避免重复提到“the population”，需要用一个代词来替代。“that”在这种比较结构中，常用来指代不可数名词或单数名词。在这个句子里，应用“that”指代前面提到的“the population”。故选A。 2. ________ took us hours to complete the task, so we finished the work in time. A. That B. Which C. What D. It 【答案】D 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：我们花了几个小时才完成这项任务，所以我们及时完成了工作。根据“...took us hours to complete the task, so we finished the work in time.”可知，此处是“It took/takes sb. some time to do sth.”句型，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语“to do sth.”。故选D。 3. They are on the last period of ________ journey around the world. A. its B. our C. his D. their 【答案】D 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：他们正处于他们的环球之旅的最后阶段。A. its它的；B. our我们的；C. his他的；D. their他们的。根据主语“They”可知，空格处的形容词性物主代词的人称和数应与主语保持一致，故用their。故选D。 2023年 1. —You must be hungry, John, what would you like to eat? —________ will do, I’m so hungry that I can even eat an elephant. A. Something B. Everything C. Anything D. Nothing 【答案】C 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：—你一定饿了，约翰，你想吃什么？—什么都行，我饿得能吃下一头大象。A. Something某物；B. Everything一切；C. Anything任何东西；D. Nothing没有什么。根据“I’m so hungry that I can even eat an elephant.”可知，太饿了，所以此时任何食物都可以，所以用“anything”。故选C。 2. ________ of these two coats fits me. Could you show me another one? A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All 【答案】B 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：这两件外套我都穿不上。你能给我看看另一件吗？A. Either两者中的任何一个；B. Neither两者都不；C. Both两者都；D. All三者或三者以上都。根据“Could you show me another one?”可知，两者都不适合，故用neither。故选B。 2022年 1. Your price is higher than ________of other stores. A. those B. these C. this D. that 【答案】D 【详解】考查代词的用法。句意：你的价格比其他商店的都要高。A. those那些；B. these这些；C. this这；D. that那。根据“higher than”可知，此处表示比较，“that/those”可用于指代比较对象，代替与前面的事物同类非同一个的名词，表示特指意义，that指代前面提到的不可数名词或单数名词，而those指代前面提到的复数名词。本题中空处指代“price”，为不可数名词。故选D。 考向03 介词和介词短语 2026年 1. Our classroom is ________ the fifth floor. A. at B. on C. of D. for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的教室在五楼。 表示“在第几层楼”时，英语中习惯使用介词on，固定搭配为“on the+序数词+floor”。 2. ________ Christmas Day, many families gather to celebrate with a big meal. A. In B. On C. At D. For 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在圣诞节这一天，许多家庭聚在一起吃大餐庆祝。 In用于年、月、季节等大范围时间前；On用于具体某一天（如节日、星期）前；At用于具体时刻前；For用于表示持续的时间段。此处Christmas Day是具体节日这一天，需用介词On。 2025年 1. What’s wrong ________ your computer? A. in B. on C. to D. with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你的电脑怎么了？ What’s wrong with ...? 是英语中的固定句型，意为“……怎么了/出什么毛病了？”，常用来询问某人或某物出了什么问题。因此用with。 2024年 1. ______ New Year’s Eve, every street was a sea of people. A. In B. For C. At D. On 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词的用法辨析。句意：除夕夜，每条街道都人山人海。A. in在一段时间里；B. for持续了……；C. at在几点钟；D. on在某个日期。根据New Year’s Eve可知，除夕指某个日期，应用on。故选D。 2. The town relies ________ the seasonal tourist industry for jobs. A. for B. on C. with D. off 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：该镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。A. for为了；B. on在……上面；C. with和；D. off离开。“rely on”是一个固定短语，意思是“依赖；依靠”。故选B。 3. He never liked to be reminded ________ the painful past. A. on B. for C. of D. at 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：他从不喜欢被人提起痛苦的过去。A. on在……上；B. for为了；C. of……的；D. at在。“be reminded of...”意思是“被提醒想起……”，固定短语。故选C。 4. ______ his great kindness, I could not have achieved so much. A. Because of B. Thanks to C. For D. But for 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词短语以及含蓄虚拟条件句。句意：要不是有他大恩大德，我不可能取得这么大的成就。A. Because of由于，因为；B. Thanks to幸亏，由于；C. For因为；D. But for要不是,倘若没有（相当于if it hadn't been for）。根据题干后半句意思“我不可能取得这么大的成就”可知，前半句意思是“要不是因为有了他的大恩大德”；空格处的意思应为“要不是”。故选D项。 5. The machine was named ______inventor. A. for B. as C. after D. with 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词。句意：这台机器以发明者的名字命名。动词短语be named after意为“以……命名”。故选C。 6. If you get ______trouble, it doesn’t mean you are a trouble maker, it means you need to try harder than before to act right. A. on B. in C. into D. along 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：如果你惹上麻烦，那不代表你是个惹事精，那意味着你要表现正确，就得比以前更努力。A. on在……上面；B. in在……里面；C. into进入；D. along沿着。动词短语get into trouble意为“陷入麻烦，惹上麻烦”。故选C。 7. When she fell ill, her family were concerned ________ her health. A. with B. about C. on D. up 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：当她病倒时，家人都很担心她的健康。A. with和；B. about关于；C. on在……上；D. up向上。be concernd about“担忧”，固定短语。故选B。 2023年 1. American English is different ________ British English in many ways. A. of B. from C. in D. on 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：美式英语与英式英语在很多方面有所不同。A. of……的；B. from从；C. in在……里面；D. on在……上面。be different from“与……不同”，固定短语。故选B。 2 There is worldwide concern ________ the water pollution. A. among B. as C. in D. about 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：全世界都关注水污染。A. among在……中间；B. as作为……；C. in在……里；D. about关于。根据concern可知，此处表示关于某事的关心，concern about，固定搭配。故选D。 2022年 1. The problem relates ________ food, drink and smoking. A. with B. of C. by D. to 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：这个问题与食物、饮料和吸烟有关。A. with用，和B. C. D. B. of……的；C. by由，被；D. to到，对。固定短语relate to意为“涉及，与……相关”，符合句意。故选D。 2. Tom’s uncle died ________ August 30th, 1998. A. in B. at C. for D. on 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：汤姆的叔叔于1998年8月30日去世。A. in表示时间段，后常接年、月、上午、下午、季节、世纪等；B. at表示时间点，后常接具体时刻以及晚上、中午、日出、日落、开始、结束等词；C.“for+ 时间段”表示某事持续多久；D. on表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间，后常接某日、星期几、某日的上午（下午、晚上）、节日等。根据“August 30th, 1998”可知，此处指具体某一天，故用on。故选D。 3. Smokers are well aware ________ the dangers to their own health. A. to B. with C. of D. in 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：吸烟者很清楚吸烟对他们自身健康的危害。be aware of 为动词短语，意为“意识到……”。根据“are well aware ... the dangers”可知，是指清楚地意识到危害，应用介词“of”。故选C。 4. Let me express my heartfelt thanks to gratitude ________behalf of my heart. A. in B. on C. for D. to 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词搭配。句意：让我代表我的内心表达衷心的感谢与感激。“on behalf of”是固定短语，意为“代表”，on符合语境，故选B。 考向04 连词 2026年 1. I didn’t buy the camera yesterday ________ my uncle would give me one. A. until B. because C. if D. before 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我昨天没有买那部相机，因为我叔叔会给我一部。 until直到；because因为；if如果；before在……之前。根据句意可知，叔叔会给“我”一部相机是不买相机的原因，前后为因果关系，用because引导原因状语从句。 2. Tom likes English ________ his brother likes Chinese. A. when B. until C. since D. while 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆喜欢英语，然而他的弟弟喜欢中文。 when当……时；until直到；since自从；while然而。空前表示汤姆喜欢英语，空后表示他的弟弟喜欢中文，前后两句形成对比关系，应用while。 2025年 1. We must set off now, ________ we’ll miss the flight. A. and B. will C. or D. then 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们现在必须出发，否则就会错过航班。 and和；will将要；or否则；then然后。根据前后句逻辑关系，“现在出发”和“错过航班”是条件相反的两种情况，应用连词or。 2 Go straight along the road, turn to the right at the end of the road and ________ you will find the library. A. then B. but C. so D. yet 【答案】A 【详解】句意：沿着这条路直走，在路的尽头向右转，然后你就会找到图书馆。 then然后；but但是；so所以；yet然而。根据句意可知，此处表示动作的先后顺序，应用then。 2024年 1. There are so few jobs in banking at the moment ________ you cannot really choose. A. if B. that C. when D. why 【答案】B 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：目前银行业的工作机会太少了，你真的很难选择。A. if如果；B. that那个；C. when什么时候；D. why为什么。根据“so”以及空格后的句子可知，此处是“so...that...”句型，表示“如此……以至于……”。故选B。 2023年 1. ________ you work hard every day, you will make progress. A. Although B. Unless C. If D. Since 【答案】C 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：如果你每天努力，你就会取得进步。A. Although虽然；B. Unless除非；C. If如果；D. Since既然。根据“...you work hard every day, you will make progress.”可知，前句是后句的肯定条件，故用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 2022年 1. Let’s wait and drink coffee ________ the rain stops. A. since B. until C. while D. once 【答案】B 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：我们喝着咖啡等雨停吧。A. since自从；B. until直到……为止；C. while与……同时；D. once一旦。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导时间状语从句，且表示“直到……为止”， 故应用until引导从句。故选B。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【山西省对口升学】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编 专题03 词汇与语法（冠词、代词、连词、介词和介词短语） 1. 了解冠词、代词、连词、介词和介词短语在试题中的占比和考法； 2. 辨析相似连词、代词和介词的用法； 3. 掌握常见冠词、代词、连词、介词和介词短语的用法。 考向01 冠词 2026年 1. Do you know ________ boy in blue? He is my brother. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2025年 1. The boy had made up ________ mind to become ________ inventor in the future. A. a; the B. his; a C. a; an D. his; an 2024年 1. Among her achievements were cooking, writing, playing ________ piano and dancing. A. a B. the C. / D. her 2023年 1. Jack is ________ clever boy, and he likes playing ________ piano. A. a; / B. an; / C. a; the D. an; the 考向02 代词 2026年 1. We are going to learn ________. A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything 2. They are currently in the middle of ________ trip around the Mediterranean. A. their B. its C. his D. our 2025年 1. Money isn’t ________, so we shouldn’t care about it too much. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 2. We must train hard in order not to be beaten by ________ teams. A. another B. other C. others D. the others 2024年 1. The population of China is far larger than ________ of Japan. A. that B. what C. those D. which 2. ________ took us hours to complete the task, so we finished the work in time. A. That B. Which C. What D. It 3. They are on the last period of ________ journey around the world. A. its B. our C. his D. their 2023年 1. —You must be hungry, John, what would you like to eat? —________ will do, I’m so hungry that I can even eat an elephant. A. Something B. Everything C. Anything D. Nothing 2. ________ of these two coats fits me. Could you show me another one? A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All 2022年 1. Your price is higher than ________of other stores. A. those B. these C. this D. that 考向03 介词和介词短语 2026年 1. Our classroom is ________ the fifth floor. A. at B. on C. of D. for 2. ________ Christmas Day, many families gather to celebrate with a big meal. A. In B. On C. At D. For 2025年 1. What’s wrong ________ your computer? A. in B. on C. to D. with 2024年 1. ______ New Year’s Eve, every street was a sea of people. A. In B. For C. At D. On 2. The town relies ________ the seasonal tourist industry for jobs. A. for B. on C. with D. off 3. He never liked to be reminded ________ the painful past. A. on B. for C. of D. at 4. ______ his great kindness, I could not have achieved so much. A. Because of B. Thanks to C. For D. But for 5. The machine was named ______inventor. A. for B. as C. after D. with 6. If you get ______trouble, it doesn’t mean you are a trouble maker, it means you need to try harder than before to act right. A. on B. in C. into D. along 7. When she fell ill, her family were concerned ________ her health. A. with B. about C. on D. up 2023年 1. American English is different ________ British English in many ways. A. of B. from C. in D. on 2 There is worldwide concern ________ the water pollution. A. among B. as C. in D. about 2022年 1. The problem relates ________ food, drink and smoking. A. with B. of C. by D. to 2. Tom’s uncle died ________ August 30th, 1998. A. in B. at C. for D. on 3. Smokers are well aware ________ the dangers to their own health. A. to B. with C. of D. in 4. Let me express my heartfelt thanks to gratitude ________behalf of my heart. A. in B. on C. for D. to 考向04 连词 2026年 1. I didn’t buy the camera yesterday ________ my uncle would give me one. A. until B. because C. if D. before 2. Tom likes English ________ his brother likes Chinese. A. when B. until C. since D. while 2025年 1. We must set off now, ________ we’ll miss the flight. A. and B. will C. or D. then 2 Go straight along the road, turn to the right at the end of the road and ________ you will find the library. A. then B. but C. so D. yet 2024年 1. There are so few jobs in banking at the moment ________ you cannot really choose. A. if B. that C. when D. why 2023年 1. ________ you work hard every day, you will make progress. A. Although B. Unless C. If D. Since 2022年 1. Let’s wait and drink coffee ________ the rain stops. A. since B. until C. while D. once ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $