第73卷 阅读理解（问答题）-2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦阅读理解问答题专项，通过6篇不同题材短文（人物传记、新闻报道、科技应用）设置35道细节题，训练信息定位与简洁表达能力，强化语言理解与思维分析。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |人物传记|20题（5篇）|who/when/what等细节问答，词数≤10词|以人物生平事件为线索，考查事实信息提取，关联语言能力中的细节理解| |新闻科技|15题（1篇新闻+1篇科技）|事件时间/措施/影响等问答|以新闻事件、科技应用为载体，训练快速定位关键信息，提升思维品质中的分析推断能力|

编写说明：【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、《湖南省对口升学英语复习指导》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是41份知识点训练卷。第二部分是真题题型44份专项训练卷。第三部分是15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》的第73卷，是阅读理解的训练卷。 【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》 第73卷 考点训练卷·阅读理解（问答题） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 阅读理解 (共30小题；每小题3分，满分90分) 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 David Attenborough is a well-known English broadcaster and natural historian. He has made over 40 documentaries over the past years. At the age of 94, he made one of his best documentaries—A Life on Our Planet. It describes everything he has seen and experienced in his life. Looking back, Attenborough says what strikes (震撼) him most is that wild animals are becoming harder to find. The documentary shows how the world ecosystem is being destroyed (破坏) by humans, whether it’s the hunting of gorillas and whales or mass destruction of rainforests. All of these can lead to another mass extinction (大灭绝). As Attenborough says, “In the natural world, no one can stand alone.” At the end of his film, Attenborough falls silent in front of the camera. Attenborough is very nervous because he is thinking about the possible mass extinction. As I watched it, I felt like I was carrying the weight of the story on my shoulders. But the documentary doesn’t end there. Attenborough continues to give people hope. He says there are a lot of things we can do to help our planet. This is a documentary for everyone on the earth because we are all part of it. Now we need to take action to make our planet “wild” again! 1．Who is David Attenborough? _______________________________________________________________________________ 2．How old was David Attenborough when he made A Life on Our Planet? _______________________________________________________________________________ 3．What strikes David Attenborough most when he looks back? _______________________________________________________________________________ 4．Why is David Attenborough nervous at the end of the film? _______________________________________________________________________________ 5．What does the documentary call on us to do now? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．A well-known English broadcaster and natural historian. 2．94 years old. 3．Wild animals are becoming harder to find. 4．Because he is thinking about the possible mass extinction. 5．Take action to make our planet "wild" again. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍大卫·阿滕伯勒是英国著名的播音员和自然历史学家，在他94岁的时候，他制作了他的最新纪录片《我们星球上的生活》。这部纪录片讲述了全球生态系统是如何被人类破坏，并在纪录片结尾呼吁人类应该立即采取行动保护我们的生态环境。 【详解】1．根据文章第一段第一句话“David Attenborough is a well-known English broadcaster and natural historian. (大卫·阿滕伯勒是英国著名的广播员和自然历史学家。)”可知，他是一名广播员和自然历史学家。故填：A well-known English broadcaster and natural historian. 2．根据文章第一段第二句话“ At the age of 94, he made one of his best documentaries—A Life on Our Planet(在94岁时，他制作了他最好的纪录片之一——《我们星球上的生命》。)”可知，他那时是94岁。故填：94 years old. 3．根据第二段第一句话“Looking back, Attenborough says what strikes him most is that wild animals are becoming harder to find. (回顾过去，阿滕伯勒说最令他震惊的是野生动物越来越难找到。)”可知，最令他震惊的是野生动物越来越难找到。故填：Wild animals are becoming harder to find. 4．根据文章文第三段第二句话“Attenborough is very nervous because he is thinking about the possible mass extinction. (阿滕伯勒非常紧张，因为他在考虑可能的大规模灭绝。)”可知，他在考虑可能的大规模灭绝使他很紧张。故填：Because he is thinking about the possible mass extinction. 5．根据文章最后一段“Now we need to take action to make our planet “wild” again. (现在我们需要采取行动，让我们的星球再次“狂野”！)”可知，这部纪录片呼吁我们要采取行动。故填：Take action to make our planet “wild” again. 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Charlton Heston was born in 1923 in Evanston, Illinois. Charlton Heston discovered his interest in acting while performing in plays at his high school. He later spent two years studying theater at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. But he left college to join the Army Air Forces during World War Ⅱ. After the war, he found small roles in the theater as well as in television shows. His performance in a television version of the book Jane Eyre caught the attention of the Hollywood producer Cecil B．De Mille who later asked Heston to play the role of Moses in his movie The Ten Commandments which came out in 1956. This role made Heston famous and defined (明确) his career as a hero and leader. His face and body represented strength and heroism in many different roles. He played cowboys, soldiers and athletes. The 1959 movie Ben Hur made Charlton Heston an even bigger star. Ben Hur won eleven Academy Awards, including Best Actor for Charlton Heston. Heston starred in many adventure movies during the 1960s. In the 1970s, Heston appeared in popular disaster movies like Earthquake, Sky jacked and Airport 1975. Charlton Heston was also very active in the movie industry. He worked to help set up the American Film Institute. In 1977, he was honored for his service in the industry. He received the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. In 1997 he was awarded a Kennedy Center Honor. And, in 2003, President Bush gave Charlton Heston a Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation’s highest civilian honor. In 2000, Charlton Heston issued a statement announcing that he had an Alzheimer’s disease. He died in 2008 at his home in Beverly Hills, California. 6．When was Charlton Heston born? __________________________________________________ 7．Where did he study theater? __________________________________________________ 8．What role made him famous? __________________________________________________ 9．Which movie made him a bigger star? __________________________________________________ 10．When did he die? __________________________________________________ 【答案】6．In 1923. 7．At Northwestern University. 8．Moses in The Ten Commandments. 9．Ben Hur. 10．In 2008. 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了美国演员查尔顿・赫斯顿的生平、演艺生涯、行业贡献以及他的离世信息。 【详解】6．根据文章第1段“Charlton Heston was born in 1923 in Evanston, Illinois. (查尔顿・赫斯顿于1923年出生在伊利诺伊州的埃文斯顿。)”可知，他的出生年份是1923年。故填：In 1923. 7．根据文章第1段“He later spent two years studying theater at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. (后来他在伊利诺伊州埃文斯顿的西北大学学习了两年戏剧。)”可知，他在西北大学学习戏剧。故填：At Northwestern University. 8．根据文章第2段“His performance in a television version of the book Jane Eyre caught the attention of the Hollywood producer Cecil B. De Mille who later asked Heston to play the role of Moses in his movie The Ten Commandments which came out in 1956. This role made Heston famous and defined his career as a hero and leader. (他在《简・爱》电视剧版中的表演引起了好莱坞制片人塞西尔・B・德米尔的注意，后者后来邀请赫斯顿在 1956 年上映的电影《十诫》中饰演摩西。这个角色让赫斯顿一举成名，并奠定了他作为英雄和领袖的演艺生涯。)”可知，《十诫》中饰演摩西这一角色让他成名。故填：Moses in The Ten Commandments. 9．根据文章第 3 段“The 1959 movie Ben Hur made Charlton Heston an even bigger star. (1959 年的电影《宾虚》让查尔顿・赫斯顿成为了更知名的明星。)”可知，《宾虚》这部电影让他成为了更知名的明星。故填：Ben Hur. 10．根据文章最后一段“He died in 2008 at his home in Beverly Hills, California. (他于2008年在加利福尼亚州比佛利山庄的家中去世。)”可知，他于2008年去世。故填：In 2008. 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，答题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 John Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington. He inherited (继承) $1,000,000 when he was 23. He didn’t feel happy at all. His college friends were looking for their first jobs, but he didn’t have to. John decided to keep living a simple life like everyone else. He didn’t tell any of his friends and gave $100,000 of his money to a charity (慈善团体) that helped poor children to live better lives, but he is much happier. Up to now, John has helped 15 children from poor countries all over the world, $200 a month for each. The children does not receive the money in cash. The money pays for the children’s school expenses, food, medical care and clothing. John receives a report each year on each child’s progress. They can write to each other, but usually the children do not speak English. When John first heard about these children, he wanted to help them. “It was not anything special,” he said, “Until I had the chance to go to these countries and meet the children I was helping, I did not know anything about the type of life they had.” Once John went to meet a little girl in Africa. He said that the meeting was very exciting. “When I met her, I felt very happy,” he said. “I saw that the money was used for a very good plan. It brought me closer to the child in a way that giving money alone cannot.” “I want to do everything I can. I will go on helping those children in need,” he added. 11．What kind of life is John living? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12．What is the money he gave to the charity for? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 13．How many children has John helped so far? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 14．Why did John say that the meeting with the little girl was very exciting? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 15．How do you like John Brown? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】11．A simple life. 12．To help poor children to live better lives. 13．15. 14．Because this made him feel happy. 15．He is a kind person. 【导语】本文主要讲述了John继承了父母100万美元的财产后，仍然过着简单的日子，因为他把钱都用来帮助不同国家的穷孩 子。 【详解】11．根据第一段中“John decided to keep living a simple life like everyone else. (约翰决定像其他人一样过简单的生活。)”可知，约翰过着简单的生活。故填：A simple life. 12．根据第一段中“He didn’t tell any of his friends and gave $100,000 of his money to a charity (慈善团体) that helped poor children to live better lives, but he is much happier. (他没有告诉任何朋友，并从自己的钱中拿出10万美元捐给了一家慈善机构，帮助贫困儿童过上更好的生活，但他现在快乐多了。)”可知，约翰捐给慈善机构的钱是用来帮助贫困儿童过上更好的生活。故填：To help poor children to live better lives. 13．根据第二段中“Up to now, John has helped 15 children from poor countries all over the world, $200 a month for each. (到目前为止，约翰已经帮助了15个来自世界各地贫穷国家的孩子，每个月每个孩子200美元。)”可知，到目前为止，约翰已经帮助了15个孩子。故填：15. 14．根据最后一段中“Once John went to meet a little girl in Africa. He said that the meeting was very exciting. ‘When I met her, I felt very happy,’ he said. (有一次约翰去非洲见一个小女孩。他说会面很激动人心。他说：‘当我见到她时，我感到非常高兴。’)”可知，约翰说和小女孩的会面很激动人心是因为会面使约翰感到非常高兴。故填：Because this made him feel happy. 15．根据第一段中“He didn’t tell any of his friends and gave $100,000 of his money to a charity (慈善团体) that helped poor children to live better lives, but he is much happier. (他没有告诉任何朋友，并从自己的钱中拿出10万美元捐给了一家慈善机构，帮助贫困儿童过上更好的生活，但他现在快乐多了。)”和最后一段中“I want to do everything I can. I will go on helping those children in need (我想尽我所能。我将继续帮助那些需要帮助的孩子)”可知，约翰是一位非常善良的人。故填：He is a kind person. 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Beijing, May 28, 2024 (Xinhua News)— The Shenzhou-18 crew (全体工作人员) completed the first spacewalk of their mission (任务) at 6: 58 p. m.  (Beijing Time) on Tuesday, according to the CMSA (中国载人航天局). The two members of the Shenzhou-18, Ye Guangfu and Li Guangsu, started their spacewalk. They worked outside the Tiangong space station for nearly 8. 5 hours. With the help of space equipment and a team on the Earth, they successfully completed many tasks during their spacewalk, including some difficult fixing tasks. Now they have returned to the Wentian lab module (实验舱). The third crew member, Li Cong, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support. The Shenzhou-18 crew has set a new record for the longest single spacewalk by Chinese astronauts, This marked Ye’s second time to have a spacewalk, and his first spacewalk was in the Shenzhou-13 mission, but this is the first time for Li Guangsu to start a spacewalk. The mission will include many tasks. First of all, the three members will do a series of space science experiments and many necessary tests. And then, they will carry out more activities and do some fixing work outside the space station. The three astronauts will work aboard Tiangong until late October, according to the CMSA． So far, Chinese astronauts have successfully carried out 15 spacewalks in all. On September 27, 2008, astronaut Zhai Zhigang in Shenzhou-7 mission made history as China’s first person to take a spacewalk, which lasted about 19 minutes. The Shenzhou-15 crew has achieved a milestone (里程碑) with 4 spacewalks, marking the highest number of spacewalks by a single Chinese astronaut crew. The Shenzhou-17 members, for the first time, completed the repair work to keep the equipment in good condition during their second spacewalk, which lasted about 8 hours. 16．What was the Shenzhou-18 crew’s task at 6: 58 p. m. on Tuesday? _______________________________________________________________________________ 17．What is the new record set by the Shenzhou-18 crew? _______________________________________________________________________________ 18．What will the three members do in their mission first of all? _______________________________________________________________________________ 19．When will the three astronauts finish their work on Tiangong? _______________________________________________________________________________ 20．How long did the Shenzhou-17 members spend completing the repair work for the first time? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】16．To complete the first spacewalk. 17．The longest single spacewalk by Chinese astronauts. 18．A series of space science experiments and many necessary tests. 19．Late October/ Until late October. 20．About 8 hours. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文中报道了神舟十八号全体人员完成了首次太空行走任务。 【详解】16．根据“The Shenzhou-18 crew completed the first spacewalk of their mission at 6: 58 p. m.（Beijing Time）on Tuesday (神舟18号乘组在北京时间周二下午6点58分完成了他们任务的第一次太空行走。)” 可知，神舟十八号全体工作人员完成了他们任务中的第一次太空行走。故填To complete the first spacewalk. 17．根据“The Shenzhou-18 crew has set a new record for the longest single spacewalk by Chinese astronauts. (神舟18号乘组创造了中国航天员单次出舱活动的新纪录。)” 可知，神舟十八号全体工作人员创下中国航天员单次太空行走时间最长的新纪录。故填The longest single spacewalk by Chinese astronauts. 18．根据“The mission will include many tasks. First of all, the three members will do a series of space science experiments and many necessary tests (任务将包括许多工作。首先，三名成员将进行一系列空间科学实验和许多必要的测试。)”可知，这次任务将包括许多任务。首先，三名成员将进行一系列空间科学实验和许多必要的测试。故填A series of space science experiments and many necessary tests. 19．根据“The three astronauts will work aboard Tiangong until late October, according to the CMSA. (根据中国载人航天工程办公室的消息，三名航天员将在天宫空间站工作到十月底。)”可知，据中国载人航天局称, 这三名宇航员将在天宫号上工作到10月底。故答案为 Late October/ Until late October. 20．根据“The Shenzhou-17 members, for the first time, completed the repair work ... which lasted about 8 hours. (神舟17号成员首次完成了维修工作……这大约持续了8小时。)”可知，神州17号成员首次完成维修工作花费了大约8小时。故填About 8 hours. The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Darwin, was born on February 12, 1809. His family lived not far from the River Severn, England. Charles Darwin’s father was a well-known doctor. He hoped that Charles would also become a doctor. As a boy, Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He watched nature and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books. He also liked collecting very much. He collected many things: eggs, stones, and leaves. His father did not like this, as Charles was not studying very well at school. When he was sixteen years old, he was sent to Edinburgh University to study in order to become a doctor. But he was interested in the history of nature. Then he studied at Cambridge University until 1831. Some time later, he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist. His professor advised him to go. So when the ship left England in December 1831, Darwin was on it. The research lasted almost five years. The Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America. It also visited New Zealand, Australia and islands in the Pacific. Darwin saw many new plants and animals. He also collected all kinds of plants. When he returned home, Darwin was warmly greeted by his families and many friends. In 1842, Darwin went to live in Kent, where he continued his studies of the changes in nature. By 1859, Darwin had finished his famous book—The Origin of Species. It made a great hit in the world of science. He was opposed (反对)by the church and even by some scientists. But later, more and more scientists agreed with him. Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 21．What did Charles Darwin’s father do? ______________________________________ 22．What was Charles Darwin interested in when he was sixteen years old? ______________________________________ 23．When did the ship Beagle leave England? ______________________________________ 24．How long did the research last on the ship? ______________________________________ 25．Did any scientists oppose him after he had finished his book? ______________________________________ 【答案】21．He was a doctor./A doctor. 22．He was interested in the history of nature./The history of nature. 23．In December, 1831. 24．For almost five years./For almost 5 years. 25．Yes, they did./Yes. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了达尔文的父亲对达尔文的期望，达尔文从小对大自然感兴趣以及他从医生到自然科学家的故事。 【详解】21．根据“Charles Darwin’s father was a well-known doctor.”可知，他的父亲是一名医生，故填He was a doctor./A doctor. 22．根据“When he was sixteen years old, he was sent to Edinburgh University to study in order to become a doctor. But he was interested in the history of nature.”可知，他对大自然的历史感兴趣，故填He was interested in the history of nature./The history of nature. 23．根据“So when the ship left England in December 1831,”可知，轮船出发时间是1831年12月。故填in December, 1831. 24．根据“The research lasted almost five years.”可知，研究持续了将近5年，故填For almost five years./For almost 5 years. 25．根据“He was opposed (反对) by the church and even by some scientists. ”可知，他的书完成后，有些科学家反对达尔文，故填Yes, they did./Yes. 阅读与回答问题。 Stephen Hawking was born in England in 1942. He’s one of the most well-known scientists on space time in the world. Hawking is researching how the universe began and how it ends. He is called the King of the Universe. When he studied math and science at Oxford University, he became seriously ill, which made him unable to speak or breathe without the help of machines. Till now, he can’t move or feed himself and he is helped to dress, eat and wash by a nurse. However, he has a wheelchair with a special computer, with which he can communicate with others. In spite of all these difficulties, he refused to give up his hope of living and went on to study at Cambridge University after graduating from Oxford University. In 1965, he got a Doctor’s Degree of philosophy (哲学). Now he works as a professor at Cambridge University. Because of his serious illness, it was difficult for him to draw diagrams or to write. So he started to think in pictures. With this new way of thinking, he is respected by people in the world. Then in 1988, he wrote his first important book, A Brief History of Time. It has been sold more than 5.5 million copies in 33 different languages. He was once invited to China to give lectures. His self-confidence and humorous conversations impressed us deeply. From Hawking’s unusual experience, we learn that nobody should lose hope, no matter how bad the situation is. As he once said, “Life is not fair, you just have to do the best you can in your own situation.” 回答下面五个问题，每题答案不超过5个词。 26．Where was Stephen Hawking born? ____________________________________________ 27．How does Stephen communicate with others? ____________________________________________ 28．How old was Stephen when he became a doctor of philosophy? ____________________________________________ 29．Why was it difficult for him to draw diagrams or to write? ____________________________________________ 30．When did Stephen Hawking wrote A Brief History of Time? ____________________________________________ 【答案】26．In England./He was born in England. 27．By using a special computer./With a special computer. 28．23 years old./23. 29．Because of his serious illness. 30．In 1988. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了史蒂芬·霍金虽然病魔缠身，但是依然自信幽默，获得了人们的尊重，写出了《时间简史》。本文通过霍金的故事，告诉我们无论在何种情境下，我们都不应该丧失希望。 【详解】26．根据第一段“Stephen Hawking was born in England in 1942.”可知，史蒂芬·霍金出生在英国。故填In England./He was born in England. 27．根据第二段“However, he has a wheelchair with a special computer, with which he can communicate with others.”可知，霍金通过使用特定的电脑来和他人交流。故填By using a special computer./With a special computer. 28．根据第一段“Stephen Hawking was born in England in 1942.”以及第三段“In 1965, he got a Doctor’s Degree of philosophy (哲学).”可知，霍金出生于1942年，获得哲学的博士学位是在1965年，是在他23岁的时候。故填23 years old./23. 29．根据第三段“Because of his serious illness, it was difficult for him to draw diagrams or to write.”可知，因为严重的疾病，霍金很难画图写字。故填Because of his serious illness. 30．根据第三段“Then in 1988, he wrote his first important book, A Brief History of Time.”可知，在1988年，霍金写了《时间简史》。故填In 1988. 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 二、阅读理解 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) At a restaurant in Qingdao, meals are being cooked by robotic chefs (厨师). Customers can watch the process of food being cooked in the kitchen, feeling safe and certain about the food they eat. It takes a robot less than 10 minutes to cook a dish, with ingredients (食材) prepared beforehand (预先) by restaurant workers.The colors and tastes of the dishes are almost the same as those cooked by human chefs. According to Ge Wu, head of a kitchen robot company in Qingdao, such robotic kitchens work better in cutting food waste. Research shows that about 50% of vegetables are wasted during the preparation of dishes.To improve this situation, the vegetables ordered by robotic kitchen will first be sent to a factory to be washed and then arrive at the restaurant ready for cooking. During this whole process, there will be little food waste produced. Besides, the restaurant will collect the unused or uneaten vegetables.To further cut the kitchen waste, the restaurant will also feed them to animals. Li Quanhong, a professor from China Agricultural University, said that robotic kitchens are reshaping the restaurant industry (产业). After all, a smart restaurant requires a less intensive (集中的) use of human chefs. On the other hand, the rise of robotic kitchens shows that some restaurants are now paying more attention to the safety and freshness of food, creating a safe and comfortable dining environment for their customers. Robotic kitchens are also useful in avoiding cross-infection (交叉感染) while meeting people’s needs for safe and healthy food. The robotic chefs appeared in the smart restaurant in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and has greatly reduced (减少) the spread of the epidemic (疫情) risk. 31．What can customers do in the smart restaurant in Qingdao? _______________________________ 32．How long does it take a robot to cook a dish? _______________________________ 33．Will there be much food waste in robotic kitchens? _______________________________ 34．How will a smart restaurant deal with its unused or uneaten vegetables? _______________________________ 35．What does the writer think of robotic kitchens? _______________________________ 【答案】31．They can watch the process of food being cooked in the kitchen. 32．Less than 10 minutes. 33．No, (there won’t). 34．They restaurant will collect the unused or uneaten vegetables and feed them to animals./By collecting the unused or uneaten vegetables and feeding them to animals. 35．They are good for cutting the kitchen waste. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青岛智慧厨房中机器人厨师能够快速做出色、香、味俱全的佳肴，同时提高了食材的利用率，减少了食物浪费。 【详解】31．根据第一段“Customers can watch the process of food being cooked in the kitchen, feeling safe and certain about the food they eat.”可知，他们可以观察食物在厨房里烹饪的过程。故填They can watch the process of food being cooked in the kitchen. 32．根据第二段“It takes a robot less than 10 minutes to cook a dish...”可知，机器人只需要不到10分钟的时间就可以做一道菜， 故填Less than 10 minutes. 33．根据第三段“During this whole process, there will be little food waste produced. ”可知，在整个过程中，几乎不会产生食物浪费，故答案为：No, (there won’t). 34．根据第三段“Besides, the restaurant will collect the unused or uneaten vegetables.To further cut the kitchen waste, the restaurant will also feed them to animals.”可知，此外，餐厅将收集未使用或未食用的蔬菜进一步减少厨余垃圾，餐厅还将把它们喂给动物，故填They restaurant will collect the unused or uneaten vegetables and feed them to animals./By collecting the unused or uneaten vegetables and feeding them to animals. 35．根据第三段“During this whole process, there will be little food waste produced. Besides, the restaurant will collect the unused or uneaten vegetables.To further cut the kitchen waste, the restaurant will also feed them to animals.”可知，作者认为它们有利于减少厨余垃圾。故填They are good for cutting the kitchen waste. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、《湖南省对口升学英语复习指导》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是41份知识点训练卷。第二部分是真题题型44份专项训练卷。第三部分是15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》的第73卷，是阅读理解的训练卷。 【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》 第73卷 考点训练卷·阅读理解（问答题） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 阅读理解 (共30小题；每小题3分，满分90分) 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 David Attenborough is a well-known English broadcaster and natural historian. He has made over 40 documentaries over the past years. At the age of 94, he made one of his best documentaries—A Life on Our Planet. It describes everything he has seen and experienced in his life. Looking back, Attenborough says what strikes (震撼) him most is that wild animals are becoming harder to find. The documentary shows how the world ecosystem is being destroyed (破坏) by humans, whether it’s the hunting of gorillas and whales or mass destruction of rainforests. All of these can lead to another mass extinction (大灭绝). As Attenborough says, “In the natural world, no one can stand alone.” At the end of his film, Attenborough falls silent in front of the camera. Attenborough is very nervous because he is thinking about the possible mass extinction. As I watched it, I felt like I was carrying the weight of the story on my shoulders. But the documentary doesn’t end there. Attenborough continues to give people hope. He says there are a lot of things we can do to help our planet. This is a documentary for everyone on the earth because we are all part of it. Now we need to take action to make our planet “wild” again! 1．Who is David Attenborough? _______________________________________________________________________________ 2．How old was David Attenborough when he made A Life on Our Planet? _______________________________________________________________________________ 3．What strikes David Attenborough most when he looks back? _______________________________________________________________________________ 4．Why is David Attenborough nervous at the end of the film? _______________________________________________________________________________ 5．What does the documentary call on us to do now? _______________________________________________________________________________ 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Charlton Heston was born in 1923 in Evanston, Illinois. Charlton Heston discovered his interest in acting while performing in plays at his high school. He later spent two years studying theater at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. But he left college to join the Army Air Forces during World War Ⅱ. After the war, he found small roles in the theater as well as in television shows. His performance in a television version of the book Jane Eyre caught the attention of the Hollywood producer Cecil B．De Mille who later asked Heston to play the role of Moses in his movie The Ten Commandments which came out in 1956. This role made Heston famous and defined (明确) his career as a hero and leader. His face and body represented strength and heroism in many different roles. He played cowboys, soldiers and athletes. The 1959 movie Ben Hur made Charlton Heston an even bigger star. Ben Hur won eleven Academy Awards, including Best Actor for Charlton Heston. Heston starred in many adventure movies during the 1960s. In the 1970s, Heston appeared in popular disaster movies like Earthquake, Sky jacked and Airport 1975. Charlton Heston was also very active in the movie industry. He worked to help set up the American Film Institute. In 1977, he was honored for his service in the industry. He received the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. In 1997 he was awarded a Kennedy Center Honor. And, in 2003, President Bush gave Charlton Heston a Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation’s highest civilian honor. In 2000, Charlton Heston issued a statement announcing that he had an Alzheimer’s disease. He died in 2008 at his home in Beverly Hills, California. 6．When was Charlton Heston born? __________________________________________________ 7．Where did he study theater? __________________________________________________ 8．What role made him famous? __________________________________________________ 9．Which movie made him a bigger star? __________________________________________________ 10．When did he die? __________________________________________________ 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，答题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 John Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington. He inherited (继承) $1,000,000 when he was 23. He didn’t feel happy at all. His college friends were looking for their first jobs, but he didn’t have to. John decided to keep living a simple life like everyone else. He didn’t tell any of his friends and gave $100,000 of his money to a charity (慈善团体) that helped poor children to live better lives, but he is much happier. Up to now, John has helped 15 children from poor countries all over the world, $200 a month for each. The children does not receive the money in cash. The money pays for the children’s school expenses, food, medical care and clothing. John receives a report each year on each child’s progress. They can write to each other, but usually the children do not speak English. When John first heard about these children, he wanted to help them. “It was not anything special,” he said, “Until I had the chance to go to these countries and meet the children I was helping, I did not know anything about the type of life they had.” Once John went to meet a little girl in Africa. He said that the meeting was very exciting. “When I met her, I felt very happy,” he said. “I saw that the money was used for a very good plan. It brought me closer to the child in a way that giving money alone cannot.” “I want to do everything I can. I will go on helping those children in need,” he added. 11．What kind of life is John living? _______________________________________________________________________________ 12．What is the money he gave to the charity for? _______________________________________________________________________________ 13．How many children has John helped so far? _______________________________________________________________________________ 14．Why did John say that the meeting with the little girl was very exciting? _______________________________________________________________________________ 15．How do you like John Brown? _______________________________________________________________________________ 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Beijing, May 28, 2024 (Xinhua News)— The Shenzhou-18 crew (全体工作人员) completed the first spacewalk of their mission (任务) at 6: 58 p. m.  (Beijing Time) on Tuesday, according to the CMSA (中国载人航天局). The two members of the Shenzhou-18, Ye Guangfu and Li Guangsu, started their spacewalk. They worked outside the Tiangong space station for nearly 8. 5 hours. With the help of space equipment and a team on the Earth, they successfully completed many tasks during their spacewalk, including some difficult fixing tasks. Now they have returned to the Wentian lab module (实验舱). The third crew member, Li Cong, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support. The Shenzhou-18 crew has set a new record for the longest single spacewalk by Chinese astronauts, This marked Ye’s second time to have a spacewalk, and his first spacewalk was in the Shenzhou-13 mission, but this is the first time for Li Guangsu to start a spacewalk. The mission will include many tasks. First of all, the three members will do a series of space science experiments and many necessary tests. And then, they will carry out more activities and do some fixing work outside the space station. The three astronauts will work aboard Tiangong until late October, according to the CMSA． So far, Chinese astronauts have successfully carried out 15 spacewalks in all. On September 27, 2008, astronaut Zhai Zhigang in Shenzhou-7 mission made history as China’s first person to take a spacewalk, which lasted about 19 minutes. The Shenzhou-15 crew has achieved a milestone (里程碑) with 4 spacewalks, marking the highest number of spacewalks by a single Chinese astronaut crew. The Shenzhou-17 members, for the first time, completed the repair work to keep the equipment in good condition during their second spacewalk, which lasted about 8 hours. 16．What was the Shenzhou-18 crew’s task at 6: 58 p. m. on Tuesday? _______________________________________________________________________________ 17．What is the new record set by the Shenzhou-18 crew? _______________________________________________________________________________ 18．What will the three members do in their mission first of all? _______________________________________________________________________________ 19．When will the three astronauts finish their work on Tiangong? _______________________________________________________________________________ 20．How long did the Shenzhou-17 members spend completing the repair work for the first time? _______________________________________________________________________________ The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Darwin, was born on February 12, 1809. His family lived not far from the River Severn, England. Charles Darwin’s father was a well-known doctor. He hoped that Charles would also become a doctor. As a boy, Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He watched nature and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books. He also liked collecting very much. He collected many things: eggs, stones, and leaves. His father did not like this, as Charles was not studying very well at school. When he was sixteen years old, he was sent to Edinburgh University to study in order to become a doctor. But he was interested in the history of nature. Then he studied at Cambridge University until 1831. Some time later, he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist. His professor advised him to go. So when the ship left England in December 1831, Darwin was on it. The research lasted almost five years. The Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America. It also visited New Zealand, Australia and islands in the Pacific. Darwin saw many new plants and animals. He also collected all kinds of plants. When he returned home, Darwin was warmly greeted by his families and many friends. In 1842, Darwin went to live in Kent, where he continued his studies of the changes in nature. By 1859, Darwin had finished his famous book—The Origin of Species. It made a great hit in the world of science. He was opposed (反对)by the church and even by some scientists. But later, more and more scientists agreed with him. Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882. 21．What did Charles Darwin’s father do? ______________________________________ 22．What was Charles Darwin interested in when he was sixteen years old? ______________________________________ 23．When did the ship Beagle leave England? ______________________________________ 24．How long did the research last on the ship? ______________________________________ 25．Did any scientists oppose him after he had finished his book? ______________________________________ 阅读与回答问题。 Stephen Hawking was born in England in 1942. He’s one of the most well-known scientists on space time in the world. Hawking is researching how the universe began and how it ends. He is called the King of the Universe. When he studied math and science at Oxford University, he became seriously ill, which made him unable to speak or breathe without the help of machines. Till now, he can’t move or feed himself and he is helped to dress, eat and wash by a nurse. However, he has a wheelchair with a special computer, with which he can communicate with others. In spite of all these difficulties, he refused to give up his hope of living and went on to study at Cambridge University after graduating from Oxford University. In 1965, he got a Doctor’s Degree of philosophy (哲学). Now he works as a professor at Cambridge University. Because of his serious illness, it was difficult for him to draw diagrams or to write. So he started to think in pictures. With this new way of thinking, he is respected by people in the world. Then in 1988, he wrote his first important book, A Brief History of Time. It has been sold more than 5.5 million copies in 33 different languages. He was once invited to China to give lectures. His self-confidence and humorous conversations impressed us deeply. From Hawking’s unusual experience, we learn that nobody should lose hope, no matter how bad the situation is. As he once said, “Life is not fair, you just have to do the best you can in your own situation.” 26．Where was Stephen Hawking born? ____________________________________________ 27．How does Stephen communicate with others? ____________________________________________ 28．How old was Stephen when he became a doctor of philosophy? ____________________________________________ 29．Why was it difficult for him to draw diagrams or to write? ____________________________________________ 30．When did Stephen Hawking wrote A Brief History of Time? ____________________________________________ 二、阅读理解 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) At a restaurant in Qingdao, meals are being cooked by robotic chefs (厨师). Customers can watch the process of food being cooked in the kitchen, feeling safe and certain about the food they eat. It takes a robot less than 10 minutes to cook a dish, with ingredients (食材) prepared beforehand (预先) by restaurant workers.The colors and tastes of the dishes are almost the same as those cooked by human chefs. According to Ge Wu, head of a kitchen robot company in Qingdao, such robotic kitchens work better in cutting food waste. Research shows that about 50% of vegetables are wasted during the preparation of dishes.To improve this situation, the vegetables ordered by robotic kitchen will first be sent to a factory to be washed and then arrive at the restaurant ready for cooking. During this whole process, there will be little food waste produced. Besides, the restaurant will collect the unused or uneaten vegetables.To further cut the kitchen waste, the restaurant will also feed them to animals. Li Quanhong, a professor from China Agricultural University, said that robotic kitchens are reshaping the restaurant industry (产业). After all, a smart restaurant requires a less intensive (集中的) use of human chefs. On the other hand, the rise of robotic kitchens shows that some restaurants are now paying more attention to the safety and freshness of food, creating a safe and comfortable dining environment for their customers. Robotic kitchens are also useful in avoiding cross-infection (交叉感染) while meeting people’s needs for safe and healthy food. The robotic chefs appeared in the smart restaurant in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and has greatly reduced (减少) the spread of the epidemic (疫情) risk. 31．What can customers do in the smart restaurant in Qingdao? _______________________________ 32．How long does it take a robot to cook a dish? _______________________________ 33．Will there be much food waste in robotic kitchens? _______________________________ 34．How will a smart restaurant deal with its unused or uneaten vegetables? _______________________________ 35．What does the writer think of robotic kitchens? _______________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $