第65卷 阅读单选（说明文）-2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文阅读理解专项突破，通过多样主题文本系统训练信息获取与逻辑推理能力，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |说明文阅读单选|35题（5篇）|涵盖细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意等题型，选项设置干扰性强|以自然科学、社会现象等主题为载体，由浅入深训练从文本中定位关键信息、分析逻辑关系的能力，契合语言能力培养与思维品质提升需求|

编写说明：【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、《湖南省对口升学英语复习指导》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是41份知识点训练卷。第二部分是真题题型44份专项训练卷。第三部分是15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》的第65卷，是阅读理解的训练卷。 【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》 第65卷 考点训练卷·阅读单选（说明文） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 阅读理解 (共30小题；每小题3分，满分90分) Scientists have known for a long time that humans and other apes (类人猿) have many physical similarities. Now, new research has shown that we may also share a language because we use the same physical gestures to communicate. Researchers already knew that great apes use more than 80 gestures to communicate with each other. Touching each other, or holding hands is a way of greeting, while pointing their fingers down beside them means “come here”. The apes might also ask for food from each other by cupping (做杯状) a hand under another ape’s face. To test whether humans can understand these gestures, some scientists from the University of St Andres in Scotland brought 5,656 volunteers together. The scientists showed them 20 videos of apes making gestures. After watching each video, the volunteers had to guess what the ape’s gestures were communicating. The scientists gave some information to one group of volunteers, letting them know what the apes had been doing before they made each gesture. This group correctly guessed the meaning of the gestures 57% of the time. The other people, who were not given information about the ape’s activities, still succeeded 52% of the time. This suggests that humans seem to understand what apes’ gestures mean. Scientists need to do more work to find out exactly why humans understand the gestures. Researcher Kirsty Graham said that both humans and apes probably inherited (继承) the gestures from our last common ancestor. It is also possible that although humans have a spoken language, we kept our ability to use gestures to communicate. “In future, we hope to learn more about how gestures develop through the apes’ lifetimes,” Dr. Graham added. 1．What does an ape probably mean by holding another ape’s hands? A．Asking for food. B．Asking for help. C．Saying “hello”. D．Saying “goodbye”. 2．How does the writer show the results of the research in Paragraph 3? A．By raising questions. B．By using numbers. C．By listing reasons. D．By telling a story. 3．Why do people seem to understand some of the apes’ gestures according to Graham? A．Because scientists have studied apes for quite a long time. B．Because humans use gestures to communicate with apes. C．Because the apes learned the gestures from the scientists. D．Because humans and apes share a last common ancestor. 4．What will the researchers study in future according to Graham? A．In what other ways apes can communicate. B．How gestures change through apes’ lives. C．How humans communicate with gestures. D．What similarities humans share with apes. 5．According to the text, which statement is TRUE? A．The scientists showed the 5,666 volunteers 20 videos of apes making gestures. B．Humans seem not to understand what apes’ gestures mean. C．Great apes have a spoken language too. D．Humans and other apes have many physical similarities. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家研究发现人类和类人猿有可能共享一种语言，因为我们使用相同的手势进行交流。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Touching each other, or holding hands is a way of greeting ... (互相接触或者握手是一种问候方式……)”可知，类人猿握手是在问候彼此。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“... brought 5,656 volunteers together. (……将5656名志愿者聚集在一起。)”和“This group correctly guessed the meaning of the gestures 57% of the time. The other people, who were not given information about the ape’s activities, still succeeded 52% of the time. (这个小组在57%的时间里正确猜出了手势的含义。另一组在没有被告知关于黑猩猩活动信息的情况下，仍然在52%的时间里成功了。)”可知，第三段中作者列出了一系列数据来展示研究结果。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Researcher Kirsty Graham said that both humans and apes probably inherited the gestures from our last common ancestor. (研究员Kirsty Graham表示，人类和大猩猩可能都从我们的最后一个共同祖先那里继承了这些手势。)”可知，Kirsty Graham认为，人们似乎能理解类人猿的一些手势是因为人类和猿类有最后一个共同的祖先。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段““In future, we hope to learn more about how gestures develop through the apes’ lifetimes,” Dr Graham added. (Graham博士补充说：“未来，我们希望了解更多关于手势如何在类人猿的一生中发展的信息。”)”可知，Graham表示，研究人员未来将研究猿类的生活中手势是如何变化的。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Scientists have known for a long time that humans and other apes (类人猿) have many physical similarities. (科学家们早就知道人类和其他类人猿有许多身体上的相似之处。)”可知，人类和其他类人猿有许多身体上的相似之处。故选D。 Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 p.m. or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7 to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school. How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is needed. But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10 to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV. “More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more chances to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone,” says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones (荷尔蒙) not only make teenagers’ bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 p.m. Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 a.m. to 8:30 a.m. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the result. 6．What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on? A．American kids’ sleeping habits. B．Teenagers’ sleep-related illnesses. C．Activities to stop sleeplessness. D．Ways to solve sleeping problems. 7．How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day? A．7 hours. B．8 hours. C．10 hours. D．18 hours. 8．Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon? A．Because they are influenced by certain body chemicals. B．Because they are excited by some bedtime activities. C．Because they are forced to do a lot of homework. D．Because they are allowed to go to school late. 9．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a news report. B．In a science fiction. C．In a fashion weekly. D．In a health magazine. 10．What measure did school disticts take to deal with the teenagers’ sleepiness problem? A．Stop having classes in the morning. B．Start high school classes later. C．Allow the students to be late. D．Let the students have online classes at home. 【答案】6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项调查结果显示，睡得更少已经变成了大多数美国孩子的糟糕的睡眠习惯，并讲述了正常需要的睡眠时间及孩子睡得晚的原因，以及一些学校采取的措施。 【详解】6．推理判断题。根据第一段中“According to a new survey by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 p.m. or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7 to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school. (根据美国国家睡眠基金会的一项新调查，51%的10岁至18岁的孩子在上学的晚上10点或更晚才睡觉，尽管他们必须早起。去年，该基金会报告称，近60%的7至12岁儿童表示他们白天感到疲倦，15%的人表示他们在学校睡着了。)”可知，这项调查是关于美国孩子的睡眠习惯的。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据第二段中“For most school-age children, ten hours is needed. (对于大多数学龄儿童来说，需要10个小时。)”可知，对于上学年龄的孩子，每天需要10小时的睡眠。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据第三段中“She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. (她说，这些睡前活动会让孩子们非常兴奋，让他们很难平静下来睡觉。)”可知，孩子们在上床睡觉的时间做一些活动使他们很兴奋以至于他们睡得晚。故选B。 9．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. (睡眠不足已经成为大多数美国孩子的坏习惯。)”及全文可知，本文主要是围绕美国孩子的睡眠习惯展开，因此最有可能在健康杂志上读到。故选D。 10．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. (由于困倦对青少年来说是一个严重的问题，一些学区已经决定将高中的上课时间推迟。)”可知，学区为了解决青少年的困倦问题，采取的措施是推迟高中课程。故选B。 Qomolangma is the third mountain of the Himalayas, so it is called the Third God Mountain in Tibetan language. Qomolangma is very famous and it is higher than any other mountain in the world. Its newest height is 8,848.86 metres, which was announced on December 8th, 2020. At the height of 8,000 metres, there is only 30% O2 and the human body can only stand this height for a few days, so it is dangerous for humans to climb higher. But many climbers want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. As Alan Arnette, a mountain climber from America, said, “Climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself, and lets you find out whether you are healthy enough and strong enough in mind when you want to stop.” It`s a good thing that Qomolangma gives people a chance to become strong-willed (意志坚强的) when trying to achieve their dreams. However, these years, Qomolangma is in danger because many people leave their waste behind, such as water bottles and plastic bags. They cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma. Many local farmers said their sheep and cows would die after eating the plastic bags and it was too difficult to clean them up. Luckily, many volunteers from all over the world came to Qomolangma to join in the clean-up activity. A volunteer advised, “When climbing Qomolangma, mountain climbing lovers should always take good care of themselves, and at the same time, take good care of Qomolangma.” 11．What’s the newest height of Qomolangma? A．8,000 metres. B．8,844.43 metres. C．8,848.86 metres. D．8,848.84 metres. 12．According to Alan’s words, ________ to climb mountains. A．you had better forget B．you will be in great danger C．you need to be healthy enough D．you’ll know better about yourself 13．Why is Qomolangma in danger these years? A．Many people leave their waste behind, which cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma. B．Earthquakes occur frequently, which cause damage to Qomolangma. C．Because of global warming, the ice and snow melt. D．Many trees on Qomolangma are cut down by locals to make money. 14．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Local farmers. B．Cows and sheep. C．Plastic bags. D．Water bottles. 15．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Qomolangma. B．Climbers. C．Himalayas. D．Tibetan Language. 【答案】11．C 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文简单介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的海拔情况，由此提出攀登珠峰对登山者的身体素质及意志力的要求，同时指出了登山者乱丢乱扔对珠峰环境造成了污染，倡导登山者应注意对珠峰环境的保护。 【详解】11．细节理解题。根据第二段“Qomologma is very famous and it is higher than any other mountain in the world. Its newest height is 8,848.86 metres, which was announced on December 8th, 2020. (珠穆朗玛峰非常有名，它比世界上任何一座山都高。其最新高度为8848.86米，于2020年12月8日公布。)”可知，珠穆朗玛峰的最新高度是8,848.86米。故选C。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself, and lets you find out whether you are healthy enough and strong enough in mind when you want to stop. (爬山让你审视自己的内心深处，让你发现自己是否足够健康，当你想停下来的时候，你的心灵是否足够强大。)”可知，Alan认为登山会让你对自己有更深的认知。故选D。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, these years, Qomolangma is in danger because many people leave their waste behind, such as water bottles and plastic bags. (然而，这些年来，珠穆朗玛峰处于危险之中，因为许多人留下了他们的废物，如水瓶和塑料袋。)”可知，这些年许多人在登山途中留下水瓶、塑料袋等废物，对珠穆朗玛峰的环境造成了污染。故选A。 14．此句猜测题。根据第三段“Many local farmers said their sheep and cows would die after eating the plastic bags and it was too difficult to clean them up. (许多当地农民说，他们的羊和牛吃了塑料袋后会死，而且清理它们起来太难了。)”可知，此处的“them”指代前文所提及的塑料袋。故选C。 15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Qomolangma is the third mountain of the Himalayas, so it is called the Third God Mountain in Tibetan language. (珠穆朗玛峰是喜马拉雅山的第三座山，所以藏语称之为第三神山。)”以及后文每段内容都是围绕珠峰展开，可知本文主要介绍关于珠穆朗玛峰的一些情况。故选A。 As an English saying goes, “Laughter is the best medicine.” In these troubling times, good humour is in need more than ever. Doctors and medical staff are taking heed of this and making it part of their care treatments. One product of this is the appearance of clown doctors and healthcare clowns, in hospitals around the globe. There is even an organization that sets standards-the European Federation of Healthcare Clowns Organizations was established in 2011. It says: “Healthcare clowns bring moments of happiness to children who are ill or who have special needs and take their mind off their illness. Clowns also bring smiles to weak adults, including seniors and people with brain disease who are in hospital care.” Healthcare clowns are becoming especially popular in Israel, which is considered a world leader in the field. The first university ever to offer a bachelor’s degree (学士学位) in medical clowning was Haifa University, in 2007. One healthcare clown in Jerusalem, Leah Weiss, decided to take advantage of her inner clown to help patients after a COVID-19 ward (病室) opened in March. She said she knew the clown in her would have curing benefits for her patients. She wants to reduce their anxiety (焦虑) and improve their wellbeing. She enjoys working alongside doctors and said: “Obviously, the doctors, they take care of the body. And we come in and take care of the soul. And it becomes a whole and works together — the doctors understand this.” 16．Which of the following can be used to replace the underlined phrase “taking heed of”? A．Looking up to. B．Making up for. C．Paying attention to. D．Getting away from. 17．Some hospitals employ clowns because ________. A．they are well educated B．they are easy to find C．they make people happy D．they have medical knowledge 18．What can we know about Leah Weiss? A．She is seriously ill. B．She is a loving person. C．She has special needs. D．She has a bachelor’s degree. 19．What is the benefit of having clowns in hospitals? A．It reduces medical expenses. B．It makes hospitals organized. C．It helps with patients’ recovery. D．It decreases the anxiety of doctors. 20．What is the passage mainly about? A．A new care treatment. B．A useful traditional medicine. C．An effective cure for COVID-19. D．A detailed introduction to clowns. 【答案】16．C 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“医疗小丑”这一新兴的护理治疗方式，包括其在全球医院的出现、受欢迎的情况，以及在帮助患者方面的作用。 【详解】16．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Doctors and medical staff are taking heed of this and making it part of their care treatments. (医生和医务人员正在注意这一点并将其作为护理治疗的一部分。)”可知，文章中说医生和医务人员“taking heed of”这一点并将其作为护理治疗的一部分，意味着他们对“笑是良药”这个观点加以关注，“Paying attention to”有“关注、注意”的意思，与“taking heed of”意思相近。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Healthcare clowns bring moments of happiness to children who are ill or who have special needs and take their mind off their illness. (医疗小丑为生病或有特殊需要的儿童带来快乐时光，让他们忘记疾病。)”可知，医院雇佣小丑是因为他们能给人带来快乐。故选C。 18．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She said she knew the clown in her would have curing benefits for her patients. She wants to reduce their anxiety (焦虑) and improve their wellbeing. (她说，她知道她内心的小丑形象对她的病人有治疗作用。她希望减轻他们的焦虑，改善他们的幸福感。)”可知，她是有爱心、关爱他人的人。故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Healthcare clowns bring moments of happiness to children who are ill or who have special needs and take their mind off their illness. Clowns also bring smiles to weak adults, including seniors and people with brain disease who are in hospital care. (医疗小丑为患病或有特殊需要的儿童带来欢乐时光，让他们忘记疾病。小丑还为身体虚弱的成年人，包括住院的老年人和脑部疾病患者带来欢笑。)”以及第二段中的“She wants to reduce their anxiety (焦虑) and improve their wellbeing. (她希望减轻他们的焦虑，改善他们的幸福感。)”可知，小丑能让病人心情愉悦、减轻焦虑，从而有助于康复。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了医疗小丑这一新的治疗方式，包括他们的作用、在以色列的流行情况以及莉亚·魏斯的个人案例，因此，文章主要讲述的是一种新的治疗方法。故选A。 I am a professor of sports and exercise so I often deal with nervousness in my research with sports people. Actually, most people experience nervousness at some time or another. If you are feeling anxious, my advice is to first find the cause or causes. Make a list of those things that are making you nervous and work out which ones you can do something about. Focus all of your efforts on managing the causes that you can control. Most people cannot tell the difference between controllable and uncontrollable causes, so things they can’t control become a big reason for nervousness. Dealing with this is very important if people want to keep a healthy mind. Simply try to accept the uncontrollable causes of nervousness. You might be worried about the weather on a big day, an accident or an attack on the train, or perhaps just things that other people are doing at work. The results may be very important but there is still no use worrying because you can’t control any of these things. Accept that you can’t control everything. Once you understand this, it becomes easier not to worry. If a situation, such as swimming, is causing you to be anxious, try to face it as often as possible so that you can get used to it. It can often help to think about yourself doing the thing that makes you nervous — then close your eyes and imagine it going well. Imagine how the flight or job interview is going to happen so that you can get used to it. This will help you understand that the thing you fear most is probably not going to happen. 21．Who wrote this passage? A．A reporter. B．A sportsman. C．A patient. D．A professor. 22．The writer thinks there is no use worrying about some causes of nervousness because ________ A．most are not very important. B．they are not the real causes of the problem. C．they cannot be controlled by people. D．it’s better to deal with one cause at a time. 23．If swimming makes you nervous, what should you do according to the writer? A．Go swimming often to get used to it. B．Avoid going to the swimming pool C．Find a swimming teacher. D．Imagine watching others swim. 24．What is true about nervousness according to the passage? A．It usually has only one cause. B．It is usually caused by people. C．People can easily manage it. D．Most people suffer from it. 25．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the writer’s sports experience. B．To advise on how to deal with nervousness. C．To help people remember their fears. D．To explain the dangers of nervousness. 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何应对紧张情绪的建议。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I am a professor of sports and exercise so I often deal with nervousness in my research with sports people. (我是一名体育和运动教授，所以我经常在与体育人士的研究中处理紧张情绪。)”可知，这篇文章是由一位教授写的。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The results may be very important but there is still no use worrying because you can’t control any of these things. (结果可能非常重要，但担心仍然没有用，因为你无法控制这些事情。)”可知，作者认为担心一些紧张的原因是没有用的，因为人们无法控制这些事情。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据第五段中“If a situation, such as swimming, is causing you to be anxious, try to face it as often as possible so that you can get used to it. (如果一种情况，比如游泳，让你感到焦虑，试着尽可能多地面对它，这样你就能习惯它。)”可知，如果游泳让你感到紧张，作者建议你应该经常去游泳以习惯它。故选A。 24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Actually, most people experience nervousness at some time or another. (事实上，大多数人都有过紧张的经历。)”可知，大多数人都会在某个时候经历紧张情绪。故选D。 25．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了如何应对紧张情绪的建议，包括找出紧张的原因、接受不可控因素、经常面对紧张情境以及通过想象来克服紧张等。因此，本文的主要目的是提供关于如何处理紧张情绪的建议。故选B。 A special copyright (版权) case has recently drawn attention because it has something to do with artificial intelligence (AI). A court (法庭) in Shenzhen ruled that a news report written by Tencent’s AI enjoys copyright protection. A website broke the law because it used the article without permission (允许). This is the first case in China that has provided copyright protection to work done by AI. But what does it indicate (表明)? Will AI take the place of creative workers in the future? Probably not. AI is not yet able to write creative stories. The news report mentioned above is mainly about data (数据). Since AI is good at dealing with data, it is often used to write financial (金融的) reports. Some newspapers also use AI to report on stories about natural disasters, which mainly require basic facts such as “where” and “when”. As Forbes wrote, instead of losing their jobs, reporters can make their work more efficient (高效的) by using AI so that they can focus more on story-telling and less on numbers. AI is actually being helpful in many creative fields. For example, Wayne McGregor, a British choreographer (编舞), is famous for using AI to create new dances. For him, AI is a powerful tool that can help choreographers break out of common movements. McGregor is not worried that AI might replace human artists. “AI can’t judge (判断) the quality of the choreography,” he said. “It’s time to stop worrying about if AI can be creative,” according to Forbes. Instead, we should focus on how humans and AI can work together in ways that we have never dreamed of before. 26．According to the copyright case which has something to do with AI, we know that ________. A．AI can also break the law B．news stories cannot be written by AI C．articles written by AI also have copyright protection D．AI can copy others’ articles without permission 27．AI might be good at writing ________. A．science-fiction stories B．disaster reports C．horror stories D．poems 28．The underlined word “focus” may mean ________. A．take no notice of B．forget about C．pay attention to D．show no interest in 29．Wayne McGregor agrees that ________. A．AI helps him do creative work B．AI can create new dances alone C．AI might replace human artists D．AI can teach people how to dance 30．Which of the following might be the writer’s idea? A．Many jobs will disappear. B．We should make laws for AI. C．AI is difficult to use. D．We should work together with AI. 【答案】26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能擅长处理数据，而且在很多创造性的领域有帮助，但是不能取代有创意的工作者。因为它还不能写出有创意的故事。人工智能可以帮助编舞家突破常规动作，但是它能不能判断编舞的质量。 【详解】26．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A court (法庭) in Shenzhen ruled that a news report written by Tencent’s AI enjoys copyright protection. (深圳一家法院裁定，腾讯人工智能撰写的一篇新闻报道享有版权保护。)”可知，根据与AI有关的版权案例，我们知道AI撰写的文章也受到版权保护。故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据第三段中“AI is not yet able to write creative stories. (人工智能还不能写出有创意的故事。)”和“Some newspapers also use AI to report on stories about natural disasters (一些报纸也使用人工智能来报道有关自然灾害的故事)”可知，人工智能擅长写的体裁最可能是灾害报道。故选B。 28．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“As Forbes wrote, instead of losing their jobs, reporters can make their work more efficient (高效的) by using AI so that they can focus more on story-telling and less on numbers. (正如《福布斯》所写，记者不仅不会丢掉工作，还可以通过使用人工智能提高工作效率，这样他们就可以更多地专注于讲述故事，而不是关注数字。)”可知，人工智能帮助记者提高工作效率，因此他们将更过的注意力放在所讲述的故事上而不是数字上，由此可知，动词“focus”的意思是“关注，注意”，与动词短语pay attention to“注意，重视”意思一致。故选C。 29．推理判断题。根据第四段中“For example, Wayne McGregor, a British choreographer (编舞), is famous for using AI to create new dances. For him, AI is a powerful tool that can help choreographers break out of common movements. (例如，英国编舞家韦恩·麦格雷戈就以使用人工智能创作新舞蹈而闻名。对他来说，人工智能是一个强大的工具，可以帮助编舞打破常规动作。)”可知，Wayne因使用人工智能编新舞蹈而闻名，但对Wayne来说，人工智能只是一个工具，即在他编舞时，人工智能起到了帮助作用。故选A。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Instead, we should focus on how humans and AI can work together in ways that we have never dreamed of before. (相反，我们应该专注于人类和人工智能如何以我们从未梦想过的方式合作。)”可知，作者呼吁我们应该将精力集中于如何通过我们从未想过的途径和人工智能合作，由此可推测出，作者对人工智能的态度是肯定的，我们应该和人工智能一起工作。故选D。 二、阅读理解 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) A child plays many roles, such as friend, neighbor, son or daughter. Simply reminding children of that fact can lead to better problem-solving and more flexible (灵活的) thinking, according to a new research from Duke University. “This is some of the first research on reminding kids about their many roles,” said lead author Sarah Gaither, a professor at Duke. “Such reminders improve their problem-solving skills and how flexibly they see their social worlds.” In one experiment, Gaither and her workmates looked at 196 children, aged 6 and 7. All were native English speakers. The first group of children was reminded of their various identities (身份), such as son, daughter, reader or helper. The second group of children was reminded of their many physical features. The rest of the children were reminded of other children’s many roles,not their own. All the children solved many tasks. The first group of children showed stronger problem-solving and creative thinking skills. For example, when shown pictures of a bear looking at a honey-filled beehive (蜂巢) high up in a tree, these children had more creative ideas for how the bear might get the honey, such as turning over a bowl as a seat. The second group of children also showed more flexible thinking about social groupings. When asked to group different photos of faces, they suggested many ways to do so. For example, they identified smiling faces VS unsmiling ones, and old faces VS young faces. The other children mainly grouped people’s faces by race (种族) and gender. “We often only think about ourselves in connection with one important group at a time,” said Christopher Marlowe, a schoolmaster in Durham, North Carolina. “When we remind kids that they have various identities, they think more and remember that there are many other groups. They are more open-minded.” 31．How many groups did Gaither and her workmates divide the 196 children into in the experiment? A．2 groups. B．3 groups. C．4 groups. D．5 groups. 32．Who is Sarah Gaither? A．A reader. B．A professor. C．A reporter. D．A schoolmaster. 33．What can we learn from the experiment? A．The research was intended for people of all ages. B．The first group was reminded of various identities. C．Children in the second group are the most creative. D．All tasks were solved by the other children. 34．Why are photos of a bear talked about in Paragraph 4? A．To remind children of childhood. B．To make children more creative. C．To show the result of the research. D．To inform children of wildlife protection. 35．What’s Christopher’s attitude to the new research? A．Critical. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Positive. 【答案】31．B 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了一个新的研究的成果：当孩子玩耍时，简单地提醒孩子他们的角色，孩子们会思考更多，可以带来更好的问题解决和更灵活的思考。 【详解】31．细节理解题。根据第三段“The first group of children was reminded of their various identities (身份), such as son, daughter, reader or helper. The second group of children was reminded of their many physical features. The rest of the children were reminded of other children’s many roles, not their own. (第一组孩子被提醒了他们的各种身份，如儿子、女儿、读者或助手。第二组孩子被提醒了他们的许多身体特征。剩下的孩子们被提醒了其他孩子的许多角色，而不是他们自己的。)”可知，共分为三组。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据第二段“... said lead author Sarah Gaither, a professor at Duke. (该研究的主要作者、杜克大学教授莎拉·盖瑟说……)”可知，Sarah Gaithe是一名教授。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段“The first group of children was reminded of their various identities (身份), such as son, daughter, reader or helper. (第一组孩子被提醒了他们的各种身份，如儿子、女儿、读者或助手。)”可知，第一组被提醒了各种身份。故选B。 34．推理判断题。根据第四段“The first group of children showed stronger problem-solving and creative thinking skills. For example, when shown pictures of a bear looking at a honey-filled beehive (蜂巢) high up in a tree ... (第一组孩子表现出更强的解决问题和创造性思维能力。例如，当给他们看一只熊看着树上高处装满蜂蜜的蜂巢的图片时……)”可知，提及熊的图片是为了举例说明研究结果，即第一组孩子的创造力更强。故选C。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘When we remind kids that they have various identities, they think more and remember that there are many other groups. They are more open-minded.’ (‘当我们提醒孩子们他们有各种身份时，他们会思考更多，并记住还有许多其他群体。他们的思想更开放。’)”可知，Christopher Marlowe对该研究持积极态度，认为其能带来有益影响。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、《湖南省对口升学英语复习指导》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是41份知识点训练卷。第二部分是真题题型44份专项训练卷。第三部分是15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》的第65卷，是阅读理解的训练卷。 【2027版】湖南省（对口招生）《英语考纲百套卷》 第65卷 考点训练卷·阅读单选（说明文） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 阅读理解 (共30小题；每小题3分，满分90分) Scientists have known for a long time that humans and other apes (类人猿) have many physical similarities. Now, new research has shown that we may also share a language because we use the same physical gestures to communicate. Researchers already knew that great apes use more than 80 gestures to communicate with each other. Touching each other, or holding hands is a way of greeting, while pointing their fingers down beside them means “come here”. The apes might also ask for food from each other by cupping (做杯状) a hand under another ape’s face. To test whether humans can understand these gestures, some scientists from the University of St Andres in Scotland brought 5,656 volunteers together. The scientists showed them 20 videos of apes making gestures. After watching each video, the volunteers had to guess what the ape’s gestures were communicating. The scientists gave some information to one group of volunteers, letting them know what the apes had been doing before they made each gesture. This group correctly guessed the meaning of the gestures 57% of the time. The other people, who were not given information about the ape’s activities, still succeeded 52% of the time. This suggests that humans seem to understand what apes’ gestures mean. Scientists need to do more work to find out exactly why humans understand the gestures. Researcher Kirsty Graham said that both humans and apes probably inherited (继承) the gestures from our last common ancestor. It is also possible that although humans have a spoken language, we kept our ability to use gestures to communicate. “In future, we hope to learn more about how gestures develop through the apes’ lifetimes,” Dr. Graham added. 1．What does an ape probably mean by holding another ape’s hands? A．Asking for food. B．Asking for help. C．Saying “hello”. D．Saying “goodbye”. 2．How does the writer show the results of the research in Paragraph 3? A．By raising questions. B．By using numbers. C．By listing reasons. D．By telling a story. 3．Why do people seem to understand some of the apes’ gestures according to Graham? A．Because scientists have studied apes for quite a long time. B．Because humans use gestures to communicate with apes. C．Because the apes learned the gestures from the scientists. D．Because humans and apes share a last common ancestor. 4．What will the researchers study in future according to Graham? A．In what other ways apes can communicate. B．How gestures change through apes’ lives. C．How humans communicate with gestures. D．What similarities humans share with apes. 5．According to the text, which statement is TRUE? A．The scientists showed the 5,666 volunteers 20 videos of apes making gestures. B．Humans seem not to understand what apes’ gestures mean. C．Great apes have a spoken language too. D．Humans and other apes have many physical similarities. Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 p.m. or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7 to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school. How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is needed. But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10 to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV. “More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more chances to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone,” says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones (荷尔蒙) not only make teenagers’ bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 p.m. Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 a.m. to 8:30 a.m. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the result. 6．What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on? A．American kids’ sleeping habits. B．Teenagers’ sleep-related illnesses. C．Activities to stop sleeplessness. D．Ways to solve sleeping problems. 7．How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day? A．7 hours. B．8 hours. C．10 hours. D．18 hours. 8．Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon? A．Because they are influenced by certain body chemicals. B．Because they are excited by some bedtime activities. C．Because they are forced to do a lot of homework. D．Because they are allowed to go to school late. 9．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a news report. B．In a science fiction. C．In a fashion weekly. D．In a health magazine. 10．What measure did school disticts take to deal with the teenagers’ sleepiness problem? A．Stop having classes in the morning. B．Start high school classes later. C．Allow the students to be late. D．Let the students have online classes at home. Qomolangma is the third mountain of the Himalayas, so it is called the Third God Mountain in Tibetan language. Qomolangma is very famous and it is higher than any other mountain in the world. Its newest height is 8,848.86 metres, which was announced on December 8th, 2020. At the height of 8,000 metres, there is only 30% O2 and the human body can only stand this height for a few days, so it is dangerous for humans to climb higher. But many climbers want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. As Alan Arnette, a mountain climber from America, said, “Climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself, and lets you find out whether you are healthy enough and strong enough in mind when you want to stop.” It`s a good thing that Qomolangma gives people a chance to become strong-willed (意志坚强的) when trying to achieve their dreams. However, these years, Qomolangma is in danger because many people leave their waste behind, such as water bottles and plastic bags. They cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma. Many local farmers said their sheep and cows would die after eating the plastic bags and it was too difficult to clean them up. Luckily, many volunteers from all over the world came to Qomolangma to join in the clean-up activity. A volunteer advised, “When climbing Qomolangma, mountain climbing lovers should always take good care of themselves, and at the same time, take good care of Qomolangma.” 11．What’s the newest height of Qomolangma? A．8,000 metres. B．8,844.43 metres. C．8,848.86 metres. D．8,848.84 metres. 12．According to Alan’s words, ________ to climb mountains. A．you had better forget B．you will be in great danger C．you need to be healthy enough D．you’ll know better about yourself 13．Why is Qomolangma in danger these years? A．Many people leave their waste behind, which cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma. B．Earthquakes occur frequently, which cause damage to Qomolangma. C．Because of global warming, the ice and snow melt. D．Many trees on Qomolangma are cut down by locals to make money. 14．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Local farmers. B．Cows and sheep. C．Plastic bags. D．Water bottles. 15．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Qomolangma. B．Climbers. C．Himalayas. D．Tibetan Language. As an English saying goes, “Laughter is the best medicine.” In these troubling times, good humour is in need more than ever. Doctors and medical staff are taking heed of this and making it part of their care treatments. One product of this is the appearance of clown doctors and healthcare clowns, in hospitals around the globe. There is even an organization that sets standards-the European Federation of Healthcare Clowns Organizations was established in 2011. It says: “Healthcare clowns bring moments of happiness to children who are ill or who have special needs and take their mind off their illness. Clowns also bring smiles to weak adults, including seniors and people with brain disease who are in hospital care.” Healthcare clowns are becoming especially popular in Israel, which is considered a world leader in the field. The first university ever to offer a bachelor’s degree (学士学位) in medical clowning was Haifa University, in 2007. One healthcare clown in Jerusalem, Leah Weiss, decided to take advantage of her inner clown to help patients after a COVID-19 ward (病室) opened in March. She said she knew the clown in her would have curing benefits for her patients. She wants to reduce their anxiety (焦虑) and improve their wellbeing. She enjoys working alongside doctors and said: “Obviously, the doctors, they take care of the body. And we come in and take care of the soul. And it becomes a whole and works together — the doctors understand this.” 16．Which of the following can be used to replace the underlined phrase “taking heed of”? A．Looking up to. B．Making up for. C．Paying attention to. D．Getting away from. 17．Some hospitals employ clowns because ________. A．they are well educated B．they are easy to find C．they make people happy D．they have medical knowledge 18．What can we know about Leah Weiss? A．She is seriously ill. B．She is a loving person. C．She has special needs. D．She has a bachelor’s degree. 19．What is the benefit of having clowns in hospitals? A．It reduces medical expenses. B．It makes hospitals organized. C．It helps with patients’ recovery. D．It decreases the anxiety of doctors. 20．What is the passage mainly about? A．A new care treatment. B．A useful traditional medicine. C．An effective cure for COVID-19. D．A detailed introduction to clowns. I am a professor of sports and exercise so I often deal with nervousness in my research with sports people. Actually, most people experience nervousness at some time or another. If you are feeling anxious, my advice is to first find the cause or causes. Make a list of those things that are making you nervous and work out which ones you can do something about. Focus all of your efforts on managing the causes that you can control. Most people cannot tell the difference between controllable and uncontrollable causes, so things they can’t control become a big reason for nervousness. Dealing with this is very important if people want to keep a healthy mind. Simply try to accept the uncontrollable causes of nervousness. You might be worried about the weather on a big day, an accident or an attack on the train, or perhaps just things that other people are doing at work. The results may be very important but there is still no use worrying because you can’t control any of these things. Accept that you can’t control everything. Once you understand this, it becomes easier not to worry. If a situation, such as swimming, is causing you to be anxious, try to face it as often as possible so that you can get used to it. It can often help to think about yourself doing the thing that makes you nervous — then close your eyes and imagine it going well. Imagine how the flight or job interview is going to happen so that you can get used to it. This will help you understand that the thing you fear most is probably not going to happen. 21．Who wrote this passage? A．A reporter. B．A sportsman. C．A patient. D．A professor. 22．The writer thinks there is no use worrying about some causes of nervousness because ________ A．most are not very important. B．they are not the real causes of the problem. C．they cannot be controlled by people. D．it’s better to deal with one cause at a time. 23．If swimming makes you nervous, what should you do according to the writer? A．Go swimming often to get used to it. B．Avoid going to the swimming pool C．Find a swimming teacher. D．Imagine watching others swim. 24．What is true about nervousness according to the passage? A．It usually has only one cause. B．It is usually caused by people. C．People can easily manage it. D．Most people suffer from it. 25．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the writer’s sports experience. B．To advise on how to deal with nervousness. C．To help people remember their fears. D．To explain the dangers of nervousness. A special copyright (版权) case has recently drawn attention because it has something to do with artificial intelligence (AI). A court (法庭) in Shenzhen ruled that a news report written by Tencent’s AI enjoys copyright protection. A website broke the law because it used the article without permission (允许). This is the first case in China that has provided copyright protection to work done by AI. But what does it indicate (表明)? Will AI take the place of creative workers in the future? Probably not. AI is not yet able to write creative stories. The news report mentioned above is mainly about data (数据). Since AI is good at dealing with data, it is often used to write financial (金融的) reports. Some newspapers also use AI to report on stories about natural disasters, which mainly require basic facts such as “where” and “when”. As Forbes wrote, instead of losing their jobs, reporters can make their work more efficient (高效的) by using AI so that they can focus more on story-telling and less on numbers. AI is actually being helpful in many creative fields. For example, Wayne McGregor, a British choreographer (编舞), is famous for using AI to create new dances. For him, AI is a powerful tool that can help choreographers break out of common movements. McGregor is not worried that AI might replace human artists. “AI can’t judge (判断) the quality of the choreography,” he said. “It’s time to stop worrying about if AI can be creative,” according to Forbes. Instead, we should focus on how humans and AI can work together in ways that we have never dreamed of before. 26．According to the copyright case which has something to do with AI, we know that ________. A．AI can also break the law B．news stories cannot be written by AI C．articles written by AI also have copyright protection D．AI can copy others’ articles without permission 27．AI might be good at writing ________. A．science-fiction stories B．disaster reports C．horror stories D．poems 28．The underlined word “focus” may mean ________. A．take no notice of B．forget about C．pay attention to D．show no interest in 29．Wayne McGregor agrees that ________. A．AI helps him do creative work B．AI can create new dances alone C．AI might replace human artists D．AI can teach people how to dance 30．Which of the following might be the writer’s idea? A．Many jobs will disappear. B．We should make laws for AI. C．AI is difficult to use. D．We should work together with AI. 2、 阅读理解 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) A child plays many roles, such as friend, neighbor, son or daughter. Simply reminding children of that fact can lead to better problem-solving and more flexible (灵活的) thinking, according to a new research from Duke University. “This is some of the first research on reminding kids about their many roles,” said lead author Sarah Gaither, a professor at Duke. “Such reminders improve their problem-solving skills and how flexibly they see their social worlds.” In one experiment, Gaither and her workmates looked at 196 children, aged 6 and 7. All were native English speakers. The first group of children was reminded of their various identities (身份), such as son, daughter, reader or helper. The second group of children was reminded of their many physical features. The rest of the children were reminded of other children’s many roles,not their own. All the children solved many tasks. The first group of children showed stronger problem-solving and creative thinking skills. For example, when shown pictures of a bear looking at a honey-filled beehive (蜂巢) high up in a tree, these children had more creative ideas for how the bear might get the honey, such as turning over a bowl as a seat. The second group of children also showed more flexible thinking about social groupings. When asked to group different photos of faces, they suggested many ways to do so. For example, they identified smiling faces VS unsmiling ones, and old faces VS young faces. The other children mainly grouped people’s faces by race (种族) and gender. “We often only think about ourselves in connection with one important group at a time,” said Christopher Marlowe, a schoolmaster in Durham, North Carolina. “When we remind kids that they have various identities, they think more and remember that there are many other groups. They are more open-minded.” 31．How many groups did Gaither and her workmates divide the 196 children into in the experiment? A．2 groups. B．3 groups. C．4 groups. D．5 groups. 32．Who is Sarah Gaither? A．A reader. B．A professor. C．A reporter. D．A schoolmaster. 33．What can we learn from the experiment? A．The research was intended for people of all ages. B．The first group was reminded of various identities. C．Children in the second group are the most creative. D．All tasks were solved by the other children. 34．Why are photos of a bear talked about in Paragraph 4? A．To remind children of childhood. B．To make children more creative. C．To show the result of the research. D．To inform children of wildlife protection. 35．What’s Christopher’s attitude to the new research? A．Critical. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Positive. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $