内容正文:
专题14 动名词
内容导航
01
命题透视·考情前瞻
对标素养,研判高考命题趋势
02
思维建模·脉络梳理
搭建知识框架,构建系统思维
03
考点精讲·靶向突破
拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式
考点一 动名词的基本知识
知识解构 知识点1 动名词的各种形式 知识点2 动名词的否定形式 知识点3 动名词的句法功能
考向破译 考向 1 考查动名词的一般式 考向02 考查动名词的完成时 考向03考查动名词的被动式
考点二 动名词作主语
知识解构 知识点1 表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时,多用doing作主语 知识点2 动名词及短语作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式 知识点3 It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语
考向破译 考向01考查动名词作主语的一般情况 考向02 考查It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语
考点三 动名词作宾语
知识解构 知识点1 动名词作介词宾语 知识点2 只接动名词作宾语的动词 知识点3 接to do/doing意义不同的动词
考向破译 考向01 考查动名词作介词的宾语 考向02 考查动名词作动词的宾语
考点四 动名词作表语
知识解构 知识点 动名词作表语时主语通常是对主语的解释说明
考向破译 考向 考查动名词作表语
考点五 动名词作定语
知识解构 知识点 动名词作定语时,主要用于修饰名词,说明被修饰词的性质、用途或与被修饰词之间的逻辑关系
考向破译 考向 考查动名词作定语
考点六 动名词的复合结构
知识解构 知识点1 ①名词所有格+doing (如Jane’s doing); ②形容词物主代词+doing(如her doing); 作主语、表语或宾语 知识点2 “①名词普通格+doing(Jane doing); ②宾格+doing 作表语或宾语(me doing)
考向破译 考向 考查动名词的复合结构
考点七 动名词主动形式被动意义
知识解构 知识点1 want/need/require表示“需要”,后接动名词,动名词主动形式表示被动意义 知识点2 deserve表示“值得做”,后接动名词,动名词主动形式表示被动意义 知识点3 be worth doing表示“值得做”,后接动名词,主动形式表示被动意义
考向破译 考向 考查动名词主动形式被动意义
04
真题溯源·考向感知
溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向
命题透视·考情前瞻
——对标素养,研判高考命题趋势
核心考点
2026年
2025年
2024年
宾语
(2026·全国I卷)heading(2026·全国II卷)being
(2026年1月浙江卷)being pushed
(2025年1月·浙江卷)returning
(2023全国乙卷)recording
主语
定语
表语
考情分析
分析近年高考真题可知,高考在命题中对动名词的考查较少。不是因为动名词不重要,而是命题人所选语篇没有考查动名词的语境。2026年高考语法填空中考查动名词3处,进一步说明这个问题。所以高考一轮复习要全面,不能留死角。命题主要考查动名词作宾语、作主语、作表语、作定语,动名词的难点是其复合结构。特别注意动名词的完成式和被动式的用法。
复习目标
1.熟练掌握动名词的各种形式、意义及其用法,尤其是被动式和完成式。
1.熟练掌握动名词的句法功能,重点是动名词作宾语、主语。
2.掌握动名词的复合结构;
3.掌握动名词的特殊用法
思维建模·脉络梳理
——搭建知识框架,构建系统思维
考点精讲·靶向突破
——拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式
考点一 动名词的基本知识
知●识●解●构
知识点1 动名词的各种形式(注意:动名词的完成式和完成式的用法,平时考查一般式较多)
种类
时态
主动形式及意义
被动形式及意义
动名词
一般式
doing 同时发生或发生在谓语动词的动作后
being done 习惯性动作
完成式
having done发生在谓语动词的动作之前(常用一般式doing替代)
Having been done被动、发生在谓语动词的动作之前
知识点2 动名词的否定形式。
Not置于动名词之前。
知识点3 动名词的句法功能:动名词由动词变化而来,因此有与动词的相同的性质: 能带自己的宾语、状语等,如果带上宾语、状语等,就为动名词短语。动名词相当于一个名词,在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等,但不能用作谓语。动名词有所有格形式。
考●向●破●译
考向1 考查动名词的一般式
1.It is no use (complain) about the result without taking any actual action.
2.When I carefully reviewed the detailed report that my colleague had just handed in this morning, I can’t help (feel) that there has been a mistake in the data calculation.
考向2 考查动名词的完成时
1.The driver witnessed to (see)the man near the scene of the crime.
2.In 1972, after (fail) more than 190 times, Tu finally made an extract called qinghaosu that was effective against malaria.
3.I admitted (break) the window but it was merely an accident.
4. (live) there for three years makes Tom familiar with everything around.
考向3 考查动名词的被动式
1.The young artist has been refining her skills for years, and her works are getting closer to (recognize) by the international art community, potentially opening new opportunities for her career.
2.She hates (stick) in long lines at the supermarket, especially after a tiring day at school.
3.I appreciated (give)the chance to study abroad two years ago.
考点二 动名词作主语
知●识●解●构
知识点1 表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时,多用doing作主语。
Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益。
知识点2 动名词及短语作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
[2020·海南卷]______(talk)freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care.
知识点3 It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语,用于 It is no use/good doing…等句型。
It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收,为打翻的牛奶哭泣是没用的。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查动名词作主语的一般情况
1. (addict) to short-video apps makes many students find it hard to focus on their studies.
2. (go) from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
3.Though Mother told him to stay away, (walk) along the fence became his daily routine.
考向二 考查It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语
1.It’s no good (complain) about the problems. We should find solutions.
2.It is no good (quit) halfway through the project when you’re so close to success.
思维建模
✅ 技巧1:熟悉动名词的各种形式作主语,明确动名词作主语的意义。
✅ 技巧2:熟记It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语的句型
考点三 动名词作宾语(高频考点)
知●识●解●构
知识点1 动名词作介词宾语(高频考点)
①下列短语接动名词作宾语:
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing…: 做某事有困难
There is …difficulty (in) doing…: 做某事有困难
There is …trouble (in) doing…: 做某事有困难
There is no use (in) doing…: 做某事没有用
have a job (in) doing…: 做某事有困难/很费力
have a good/hard time (in) doing…: 做某事很开心/很辛苦
have fun (in) doing …: 做某事有意思/有趣
There is no fun (in) doing…: 做某事没有意思/没有趣
have a problem (in) doing …: 做某事有困难
have luck (in) doing …: 做某事时有运气/走运
have bother (in) doing …: 做某事费劲
spend…(in) doing…: 花费时间做什么
carry on: 继续 can’t help doing...: 禁不住; 情不自禁做
feel like: 想要 give up: 放弃
insist on: 坚持 keep on: 继续
put off: 推迟 set about: 开始,着手
succeed in doing...: 成功地做什么
prevent/stop...(from) doing...: 防止/阻止...做什么
keep ...from doing...: 防止/阻止...做什么
②动词短语含有介词to,后接名词或动名词作宾语
look forward to doing 盼望做某事
get down to doing 着手做某事
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
be accustomed to doing习惯于做某事
stick to doing 坚持做某事
pay attention to doing 注意做某事
devote oneself to doing 致力于做某事
commit oneself to doing 致力于做某事
apply oneself to doing 致力于做某事
object to doing 反对做某事
be opposed to doing 反对做某事
When it comes to doing 谈到做某事
attach importance to doing 重视做某事
知识点2 只接动名词作宾语的动词
admit 承认
deny 否认
forgive 原谅
prevent 阻止
advise 建议
discuss 讨论
imagine 想象
prohibit 禁止
allow 允许
dislike 不喜欢
keep 保持
practise 练习
appreciate 感激
enjoy 喜爱
mention 提及
quit 停止/放弃
avoid 避免
escape 逃脱
mind 介意
reject 拒绝
consider 考虑
excuse 原谅
miss 错过
report 报告
confess 承认
fancy 设想
oppose反对
risk冒险
complete 完成
finish 完成
pardon 原谅
suggest 建议
delay 推迟
forbid 禁止
permit 允许
understand 理解
知识点3 接to do/doing意义不同的动词
forget忘记, remember记住/regret后悔, go on继续, stop停止, can’t help禁不住, mean打算, try试图。
forget to do 忘记要去做某事(未做)
forget doing 忘记已经做过某事(已做)
She forgot to turn off the lights. 她忘记关灯了。
I'll never forget meeting you for the first time. 我永远不会忘记第一次见你的情景。
remember to do 记得将要做某事(未做)
remember doing 记得已经做过某事(已做)
Remember to lock the door before leaving. 离开前记得锁门。
I remember locking the door today. 我记得今天锁门了。
regret to do 遗憾去做某事(未做)
regret doing 后悔做过某事(已做)
I regret to tell you that you failed the exam. 我很遗憾地告诉你,你考试没及格。
He regrets quitting his job. 他后悔辞掉了工作。
go on to do 继续做另一件事 (对象变了)
go on doing 继续做正在做的事 (对象不变)
After finishing math, he went on to study physics. 做完数学后,他接着学物理。
They went on working despite the rain. 尽管下雨,他们仍继续工作。
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 (对象变了)
stop doing 停止做某事 (对象不变)
We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息一下。
Please stop talking. 请停止说话。
can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
I'm sorry I can't help to clean the room today—I'm too busy.抱歉我今天不能帮忙打扫房间,我太忙了。
She couldn't help crying when she heard the sad news. 听到这个坏消息,她情不自禁地哭了。
mean to do 打算做某事(未做)
mean doing 意味着做某事 (解释作用)
I mean to finish the report today. 我打算今天完成报告。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 错过这趟火车意味着要再等一小时。
try to do 努力做某事(不一定成功)
try doing 尝试做某事 (强调尝试和行动)
She tried to solve the problem. 她努力解决这个问题。
Try adding some sugar to make it taste better. 试着加点糖,让它味道更好些。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查动名词作介词的宾语
1.Nowadays many school children devote too much time to (play) computer games.
2.The organization gives help to people in need, as well as (raise) money for local charities.
3.The scientist spent his entire life (explore) the mysteries of the deep ocean.
4.Some students may be addicted to (surf) the Internet, which influences their physical and mental health.
5.The first place in my travel plan is Beijing, where I look forward to (pay) a visit to the Great Wall.
考向二 考查动名词作动词的宾语
1.She regretted (ignore) the importance of plumbing maintenance, which caused a leak.
2.She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine (work) anywhere else.
3.However, my conscience (良心) kept (bother) me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes.
4.We shouldn’t delay (visit) the doctor just because we’re busy; our health should come first.
5.He acknowledged (defeat) in public, which made us surprised.
思维建模
✅ 技巧1:含有介词的短语及句型中,介词后用动名词。
✅ 技巧2:熟记接动名词作宾语的动词。
✅ 技巧3:注意有些动词接动名词和不定式意义的区别。
考点四 动名词作表语
知●识●解●构
知识点 动名词作表语时主语通常是对主语的解释说明。
The real challenge is finishing the project on time. 真正的挑战是按时完成项目。
What I enjoy most is reading in the quiet library. 我最喜欢的事是在安静的图书馆看书。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查动名词作表语
1.Smoking not only harms others’ health, but also is (commit) suicide slowly.
2.Some of the unlikely things Matt did were (write) a book and going on a speaking tour.
3.The best of a Kilimanjaro experience, in my opinion, isn’t (reach) the top.
4.The so-called Mint Mambo Style is simply (dress) in shades of fresh green.
5.What matters in effective communication is (interpret) body language accurately.
思维建模
✅ 技巧:动名词作表语表示一般性、习惯性的动作或行为,不定式作表语表示具体的、一次性动作。
考点五 动名词作定语
知●识●解●构
知识点 动名词作定语时,主要用于修饰名词,说明被修饰词的性质、用途或与被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。
a reading room 游泳池(= a room for reading)
a sleeping pills 安眠药(= pills for sleeping)
动名词作定语与不定式、分词作定语的区别:现在分词作定语,表示一个主动的、正在发生的动作;过去分词作定语,表示一个被动的、已完成的动作;不定式作定语表示一个将要发生的动作。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查动名词作定语
1.Waving a pole that she had placed inside her home before, the stranger was like putting on a pole (dance) show.
2.When I gave the dress to Anne for her birthday, I saw the excitement in her eye as she tore off the (wrap) paper.
3.The young girl has got a (dress) table as a present for her 18th birthday.
4.From the moment a worker tips seeds into the (sow) machine, robots take over.
5.The zoo’s director, Narongwit Chodchoi, said the additional earnings from Moo Deng will help the zoo’s (breed) programs for many endangered animals, like the pygmy hippo, which is threatened by illegal hunting and loss of habitat.
考点六 动名词的复合结构
知●识●解●构
知识点1 ①名词所有格+doing (如Jane’s doing); ②形容词物主代词+doing(如her doing); 作主语、表语或宾语。
①The team’s winning the game surprised everyone. 这个队赢得比赛让所有人都很惊讶。
②I really appreciate your helping me with the project. 我非常感谢你帮我做这个项目。
知识点2 ①名词普通格+doing(Jane doing); ②宾格+doing 作表语或宾语(me doing)
①He doesn’t mind me using his computer. 他不介意我用他的电脑。
②They all laughed at Tom falling off the bike. 他们都嘲笑汤姆从自行车上摔下来。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查动名词的复合结构
1.His friends gave away some information, which led to his (arrest).
2.Bike sharing is booming in our country, which leads to us (get) around easier than before.
3.I’m considering the students (take) a short online course to improve their presentation skills.
4.Her (fail) the exam was a big disappointment, but she was determined to study harder and try again.
5.Her (lose) her new bike really made her mother very upset.
考点七 动名词主动形式被动意义
知●识●解●构
知识点1 want/need/require表示“需要”,后接动名词,动名词主动形式表示被动意义
知识点2 deserve表示“值得做”,后接动名词,动名词主动形式表示被动意义
知识点3 be worth doing表示“值得做”,后接动名词,主动形式表示被动意义
考●向●破●译
考向 动名词主动形式被动意义
1.You are a good human being and you deserve (treat) as such.
2.These announcements, as symbols of love and individuality, remind us that some traditions are worth (preserve).
真题溯源·考向感知
——溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向
单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.(2026·全国I卷)Before 64 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly cheaper than those found in supermarkets.
2.(2026·全国II卷)At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 64 (be) early at 8 am.
3.(2026年1月浙江卷)My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember 62 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over the uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster.
4.(2025浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean 65 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
5. (2025八省联考卷) Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 63 (improve) communication and cooperation between China and the rest of the world.
6.(2023全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years (record) everything I discovered.
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专题14 动名词
内容导航
01
命题透视·考情前瞻
对标素养,研判高考命题趋势
02
思维建模·脉络梳理
搭建知识框架,构建系统思维
03
考点精讲·靶向突破
拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式
考点一 动名词的基本知识
知识解构 知识点1 动名词的各种形式 知识点2 动名词的否定形式 知识点3 动名词的句法功能
考向破译 考向 1 考查动名词的一般式 考向02 考查动名词的完成时 考向03考查动名词的被动式
考点二 动名词作主语
知识解构 知识点1 表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时,多用doing作主语 知识点2 动名词及短语作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式 知识点3 It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语
考向破译 考向01考查动名词作主语的一般情况 考向02 考查It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语
考点三 动名词作宾语
知识解构 知识点1 动名词作介词宾语 知识点2 只接动名词作宾语的动词 知识点3 接to do/doing意义不同的动词
考向破译 考向01 考查动名词作介词的宾语 考向02 考查动名词作动词的宾语
考点四 动名词作表语
知识解构 知识点 动名词作表语时主语通常是对主语的解释说明
考向破译 考向 考查动名词作表语
考点五 动名词作定语
知识解构 知识点 动名词作定语时,主要用于修饰名词,说明被修饰词的性质、用途或与被修饰词之间的逻辑关系
考向破译 考向 考查动名词作定语
考点六 动名词的复合结构
知识解构 知识点1 ①名词所有格+doing (如Jane’s doing); ②形容词物主代词+doing(如her doing); 作主语、表语或宾语 知识点2 “①名词普通格+doing(Jane doing); ②宾格+doing 作表语或宾语(me doing)
考向破译 考向 考查动名词的复合结构
考点七 动名词主动形式被动意义
知识解构 知识点1 want/need/require表示“需要”,后接动名词,动名词主动形式表示被动意义 知识点2 deserve表示“值得做”,后接动名词,动名词主动形式表示被动意义 知识点3 be worth doing表示“值得做”,后接动名词,主动形式表示被动意义
考向破译 考向 考查动名词主动形式被动意义
04
真题溯源·考向感知
溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向
命题透视·考情前瞻
——对标素养,研判高考命题趋势
核心考点
2026年
2025年
2024年
宾语
(2026·全国I卷)heading(2026·全国II卷)being
(2026年1月浙江卷)being pushed
(2025年1月·浙江卷)returning
(2023全国乙卷)recording
主语
定语
表语
考情分析
分析近年高考真题可知,高考在命题中对动名词的考查较少。不是因为动名词不重要,而是命题人所选语篇没有考查动名词的语境。2026年高考语法填空中考查动名词3处,进一步说明这个问题。所以高考一轮复习要全面,不能留死角。命题主要考查动名词作宾语、作主语、作表语、作定语,动名词的难点是其复合结构。特别注意动名词的完成式和被动式的用法。
复习目标
1.熟练掌握动名词的各种形式、意义及其用法,尤其是被动式和完成式。
1.熟练掌握动名词的句法功能,重点是动名词作宾语、主语。
2.掌握动名词的复合结构;
3.掌握动名词的特殊用法
思维建模·脉络梳理
——搭建知识框架,构建系统思维
考点精讲·靶向突破
——拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式
考点一 动名词的基本知识
知●识●解●构
知识点1 动名词的各种形式(注意:动名词的完成式和完成式的用法,平时考查一般式较多)
种类
时态
主动形式及意义
被动形式及意义
动名词
一般式
doing 同时发生或发生在谓语动词的动作后
being done 习惯性动作
完成式
having done发生在谓语动词的动作之前(常用一般式doing替代)
Having been done被动、发生在谓语动词的动作之前
知识点2 动名词的否定形式。
Not置于动名词之前。
知识点3 动名词的句法功能:动名词由动词变化而来,因此有与动词的相同的性质: 能带自己的宾语、状语等,如果带上宾语、状语等,就为动名词短语。动名词相当于一个名词,在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等,但不能用作谓语。动名词有所有格形式。
考●向●破●译
考向1 考查动名词的一般式
1.It is no use (complain) about the result without taking any actual action.
【答案】complaining
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:不采取任何实际行动,只是抱怨结果,是毫无用处的。It is no use doing sth.是固定句型,表示“做某事毫无用处”,该句型中it作形式主语,真正的主语为动名词短语。故填 complaining。
2.When I carefully reviewed the detailed report that my colleague had just handed in this morning, I can’t help (feel) that there has been a mistake in the data calculation.
【答案】feeling
【解析】考查动名词。句意:当我仔细查看同事今天早上刚交上来的详细报告时,我不禁觉得数据计算有误。can’t help doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“忍不住做某事”,所以此处应填feel的动名词形式feeling。故填feeling。
考向2 考查动名词的完成时
1.The driver witnessed to (see)the man near the scene of the crime.
【答案】having seen
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:司机作证说在犯罪现场附近见过那个人。根据witness to “作证……,证明,表明”中的to为介词可知,空格处应该用动词的ing形式,且事情发生在目睹之前,应用having done形式,故填having seen。
2.In 1972, after (fail) more than 190 times, Tu finally made an extract called qinghaosu that was effective against malaria.
【答案】having failed
【解析】考查动名词完成式。句意:1972年,在失败了190多次之后,屠呦呦终于研制出了一种名为“青蒿素”的提取物,对疟疾有效。由空前after介词可知,此处为动名词的形式,结合句意可知,此处动名词的动作发生在谓语动词made之前,通常为动名词的完成时态,为having done结构。故填having failed。
3.I admitted (break) the window but it was merely an accident.
【答案】breaking/having broken
【解析】考查非谓语。句意:我承认打碎了窗户,但那只是一个意外。admit doing sth或admit having done表示“承认做过某事”,故填breaking/having broken。
4. (live) there for three years makes Tom familiar with everything around.
【答案】Having lived
【解析】考查动名词完成式。句意:在那里住了三年,汤姆对周围的一切都很熟悉。根据“for three years”可知,此处用动名词的完成式having done在句中作主语,且句首字母大写开头。故答案为Having lived。
考向3 考查动名词的被动式
1.The young artist has been refining her skills for years, and her works are getting closer to (recognize) by the international art community, potentially opening new opportunities for her career.
【答案】being recognized
【解析】句意:这位年轻的艺术家多年来一直在不断磨练自己的技艺,她的作品正逐渐被国际艺术界所认可,这有可能为她的职业生涯带来新的机遇。此处to为介词,后跟动名词作宾语,且recognize与works构成被动关系,故用being done形式。
2.She hates (stick) in long lines at the supermarket, especially after a tiring day at school.
【答案】being stuck
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:她讨厌在超市排长队,尤其是在学校劳累了一天之后。hate后常接动名词作宾语,且she与stick为被动关系,表示“被卡住,被困住”,应用动名词的被动式being done。故填being stuck。
3.I appreciated (give)the chance to study abroad two years ago.
【答案】having been given
【解析】考查动名词的完成被动式。句意:我非常感激两年前给了我出国留学的机会。appreciate 后接动名词作宾语,I与give之间是被动关系,而且动作是两年前发生的,先于appreciated,所以用动名词的完成被动式作宾语,故填having been given。
考点二 动名词作主语
知●识●解●构
知识点1 表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时,多用doing作主语。
Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益。
知识点2 动名词及短语作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
[2020·海南卷]______(talk)freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care.
【答案】Talking
【解析】考查动名词。自然地和你的医生交谈能使你感觉更好。此处的动名词短语作主语。故填Talking。
知识点3 It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语,用于 It is no use/good doing…等句型。
It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收,为打翻的牛奶哭泣是没用的。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查动名词作主语的一般情况
1. (addict) to short-video apps makes many students find it hard to focus on their studies.
【答案】Being addicted
【解析】句意:沉迷短视频软件让许多学生难以专注于学习。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少主语,be addicted to为固定搭配,表示“沉迷于”,此处需将短语转化为动名词短语作主语,故用being addicted,符合语境,且句首时首字母应大写。
2. (go) from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
【答案】Going
【解析】句意:从初中升入高中着实是一项巨大的挑战。空处作主语,陈述一般事实,go用动名词形式,注意首字母大写。
3.Though Mother told him to stay away, (walk) along the fence became his daily routine.
【答案】walking
【解析】句意:尽管妈妈告诉他离远点,但沿着围栏散步已经成了他每天的惯例。此处作主句主语,用动名词形式walking,描述习惯性行为。
考向二 考查It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语
1.It’s no good (complain) about the problems. We should find solutions.
【答案】complaining
【解析】句意:抱怨这些问题是没有用的。我们应该找到解决办法。此处为固定句型It’s no good doing sth.,it为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的动名词短语。故用complain的动名词形式complaining,意为“抱怨”。
2.It is no good (quit) halfway through the project when you’re so close to success.
【答案】quitting
【解析】句意:当你离成功如此之近时,在项目中途放弃是没有用处的。此处为固定句型It is no good doing sth.,意为“做某事没有用”,该句型后需接动名词作真正主语,所以此处填quitting。
思维建模
✅ 技巧1:熟悉动名词的各种形式作主语,明确动名词作主语的意义。
✅ 技巧2:熟记It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语的句型
考点三 动名词作宾语(高频考点)
知●识●解●构
知识点1 动名词作介词宾语(高频考点)
①下列短语接动名词作宾语:
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing…: 做某事有困难
There is …difficulty (in) doing…: 做某事有困难
There is …trouble (in) doing…: 做某事有困难
There is no use (in) doing…: 做某事没有用
have a job (in) doing…: 做某事有困难/很费力
have a good/hard time (in) doing…: 做某事很开心/很辛苦
have fun (in) doing …: 做某事有意思/有趣
There is no fun (in) doing…: 做某事没有意思/没有趣
have a problem (in) doing …: 做某事有困难
have luck (in) doing …: 做某事时有运气/走运
have bother (in) doing …: 做某事费劲
spend…(in) doing…: 花费时间做什么
carry on: 继续 can’t help doing...: 禁不住; 情不自禁做
feel like: 想要 give up: 放弃
insist on: 坚持 keep on: 继续
put off: 推迟 set about: 开始,着手
succeed in doing...: 成功地做什么
prevent/stop...(from) doing...: 防止/阻止...做什么
keep ...from doing...: 防止/阻止...做什么
②动词短语含有介词to,后接名词或动名词作宾语
look forward to doing 盼望做某事
get down to doing 着手做某事
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
be accustomed to doing习惯于做某事
stick to doing 坚持做某事
pay attention to doing 注意做某事
devote oneself to doing 致力于做某事
commit oneself to doing 致力于做某事
apply oneself to doing 致力于做某事
object to doing 反对做某事
be opposed to doing 反对做某事
When it comes to doing 谈到做某事
attach importance to doing 重视做某事
知识点2 只接动名词作宾语的动词
admit 承认
deny 否认
forgive 原谅
prevent 阻止
advise 建议
discuss 讨论
imagine 想象
prohibit 禁止
allow 允许
dislike 不喜欢
keep 保持
practise 练习
appreciate 感激
enjoy 喜爱
mention 提及
quit 停止/放弃
avoid 避免
escape 逃脱
mind 介意
reject 拒绝
consider 考虑
excuse 原谅
miss 错过
report 报告
confess 承认
fancy 设想
oppose反对
risk冒险
complete 完成
finish 完成
pardon 原谅
suggest 建议
delay 推迟
forbid 禁止
permit 允许
understand 理解
知识点3 接to do/doing意义不同的动词
forget忘记, remember记住/regret后悔, go on继续, stop停止, can’t help禁不住, mean打算, try试图。
forget to do 忘记要去做某事(未做)
forget doing 忘记已经做过某事(已做)
She forgot to turn off the lights. 她忘记关灯了。
I'll never forget meeting you for the first time. 我永远不会忘记第一次见你的情景。
remember to do 记得将要做某事(未做)
remember doing 记得已经做过某事(已做)
Remember to lock the door before leaving. 离开前记得锁门。
I remember locking the door today. 我记得今天锁门了。
regret to do 遗憾去做某事(未做)
regret doing 后悔做过某事(已做)
I regret to tell you that you failed the exam. 我很遗憾地告诉你,你考试没及格。
He regrets quitting his job. 他后悔辞掉了工作。
go on to do 继续做另一件事 (对象变了)
go on doing 继续做正在做的事 (对象不变)
After finishing math, he went on to study physics. 做完数学后,他接着学物理。
They went on working despite the rain. 尽管下雨,他们仍继续工作。
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 (对象变了)
stop doing 停止做某事 (对象不变)
We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息一下。
Please stop talking. 请停止说话。
can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
I'm sorry I can't help to clean the room today—I'm too busy.抱歉我今天不能帮忙打扫房间,我太忙了。
She couldn't help crying when she heard the sad news. 听到这个坏消息,她情不自禁地哭了。
mean to do 打算做某事(未做)
mean doing 意味着做某事 (解释作用)
I mean to finish the report today. 我打算今天完成报告。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 错过这趟火车意味着要再等一小时。
try to do 努力做某事(不一定成功)
try doing 尝试做某事 (强调尝试和行动)
She tried to solve the problem. 她努力解决这个问题。
Try adding some sugar to make it taste better. 试着加点糖,让它味道更好些。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查动名词作介词的宾语
1.Nowadays many school children devote too much time to (play) computer games.
【答案】playing
【解析】句意:现在许多学生投入太多的时间玩电脑游戏。devote sth. to doing sth.为固定搭配,to为介词,空处缺少宾语,play为动词,此处应该改为对应的动名词形式playing。
2.The organization gives help to people in need, as well as (raise) money for local charities.
【答案】raising
【解析】句意:该机构为有需要的人提供帮助,同时也为当地慈善机构筹款。 介词短语as well as后接动名词形式,raise的动名词为raising,符合语境。
3.The scientist spent his entire life (explore) the mysteries of the deep ocean.
【答案】exploring
【解析】句意:这位科学家穷尽一生探索深海的奥秘。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth. 表示“花费时间做某事”,因此动词explore需变为动名词exploring。
4.Some students may be addicted to (surf) the Internet, which influences their physical and mental health.
【答案】surfing
【解析】句意:一些学生可能沉迷于上网,这影响了他们的身心健康。 固定搭配be addicted to中to为介词,需接动名词作宾语。surf为动词,意为“浏览(网页)”,其动名词形式为surfing。
5.The first place in my travel plan is Beijing, where I look forward to (pay) a visit to the Great Wall.
【答案】paying
【解析】句意:我旅行计划的第一站是北京,我期待在那儿参观长城。look forward to“期待……”中to是介词,其后接pay的动名词形式作宾语。
考向二 考查动名词作动词的宾语
1.She regretted (ignore) the importance of plumbing maintenance, which caused a leak.
【答案】ignoring
【解析】句意:她后悔忽视了管道维护的重要性,这导致了漏水。句中已有谓语动词regretted,空处应填非谓语动词。regret后可接动名词作宾语,表示后悔做过某事,ignore的动名词形式为ignoring。
2.She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine (work) anywhere else.
【答案】working
【解析】句意:她在这里工作了17年,无法想象自己会去其他地方工作。短语imagine doing sth.表示“想象做某事”。
3.However, my conscience (良心) kept (bother) me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes.
【答案】bothering
【解析】句意:然而,我的良心一直困扰着我。我试着站在我兄弟的角度去考虑。“keep doing sth.”是固定搭配,意为“一直做某事、持续做某事”,表示动作反复或持续发生,用动名词形式bothering作宾语。
4.We shouldn’t delay (visit) the doctor just because we’re busy; our health should come first.
【答案】visiting
【解析】句意:我们不应该因为忙就推迟看医生,健康应该放在第一位。delay doing sth.是固定用法,表示“推迟做某事”,要将visit变成visiting。
5.He acknowledged (defeat) in public, which made us surprised.
【答案】being defeated
【解析】句意:他公开承认自己失败了,这让我们感到很惊讶。此处为短语acknowledge doing sth.,且defeat与he构成被动关系,故用being done形式。
思维建模
✅ 技巧1:含有介词的短语及句型中,介词后用动名词。
✅ 技巧2:熟记接动名词作宾语的动词。
✅ 技巧3:注意有些动词接动名词和不定式意义的区别。
考点四 动名词作表语
知●识●解●构
知识点 动名词作表语时主语通常是对主语的解释说明。
The real challenge is finishing the project on time. 真正的挑战是按时完成项目。
What I enjoy most is reading in the quiet library. 我最喜欢的事是在安静的图书馆看书。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查动名词作表语
1.Smoking not only harms others’ health, but also is (commit) suicide slowly.
【答案】committing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:吸烟不但危害他人健康,而且也是慢性自杀。根据句子主语Smoking、所给动词commit以及空前is可知,此处应用动名词committing。Smoking是动名词作主语,committing suicide是动名词短语作表语。故填committing。
2.Some of the unlikely things Matt did were (write) a book and going on a speaking tour.
【答案】writing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:马特做过的一些看似不可能的事包括写一本书和进行一次巡回演讲。根据“were”和并列连词“and”可知,此处与“going on a speaking tour”并列作表语,故应用动名词形式“writing”,表示“写”这一行为。故填writing。
3.The best of a Kilimanjaro experience, in my opinion, isn’t (reach) the top.
【答案】reaching
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在我看来,攀登乞力马扎罗山之旅最棒的部分并非登顶本身。空处作表语,且“登顶”描述的应该是一般的情况,非具体的、未来的动作,因此用reach“到达”的动名词形式。故填reaching。
4.The so-called Mint Mambo Style is simply (dress) in shades of fresh green.
【答案】dressing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:所谓的薄荷曼波风格,只不过是穿着各种清新绿色调的衣服。is为系动词,后面需用动名词dressing作表语,构成“主系表”结构,说明Mint Mambo Style的具体内容。故填dressing。
5.What matters in effective communication is (interpret) body language accurately.
【答案】interpreting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在有效的沟通中,重要的是准确地解读肢体语言。空处作表语,说明主语的内容或性质,需用动名词形式interpreting。故填interpreting。
思维建模
✅ 技巧:动名词作表语表示一般性、习惯性的动作或行为,不定式作表语表示具体的、一次性动作。
考点五 动名词作定语
知●识●解●构
知识点 动名词作定语时,主要用于修饰名词,说明被修饰词的性质、用途或与被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。
a reading room 游泳池(= a room for reading)
a sleeping pills 安眠药(= pills for sleeping)
动名词作定语与不定式、分词作定语的区别:现在分词作定语,表示一个主动的、正在发生的动作;过去分词作定语,表示一个被动的、已完成的动作;不定式作定语表示一个将要发生的动作。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查动名词作定语
1.Waving a pole that she had placed inside her home before, the stranger was like putting on a pole (dance) show.
【答案】dancing
【解析】句意:那个陌生人挥舞着之前放在家里的一根杆子,就像在上演一场杆子舞蹈表演。此处应用动名词作定语修饰show,表示“跳舞表演”,a pole dancing show意为“钢管舞表演”。
2.When I gave the dress to Anne for her birthday, I saw the excitement in her eye as she tore off the (wrap) paper.
【答案】wrapping
【解析】句意:我把这条裙子当作生日礼物送给安妮时,当她一把撕开了包装纸时,我看到了她眼中的兴奋。wrapping paper“包装纸”是固定搭配,动名词wrapping作定语修饰paper,表功能。
3.The young girl has got a (dress) table as a present for her 18th birthday.
【答案】dressing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个年轻女孩收到了一张梳妆台,作为她十八岁的生日礼物。空处修饰名词table,表示用途,提示词的动名词形式dressing符合题意。故填dressing。
4.From the moment a worker tips seeds into the (sow) machine, robots take over.
【答案】sowing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:从工人将种子倒入播种机的那一刻起,机器人就开始接手工作了。此处修饰名词machine,表示机器的种类,用动名词sowing作定语。故填sowing。
5.The zoo’s director, Narongwit Chodchoi, said the additional earnings from Moo Deng will help the zoo’s (breed) programs for many endangered animals, like the pygmy hippo, which is threatened by illegal hunting and loss of habitat.
【答案】breeding
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:该动物园的负责人纳隆维特·乔德乔伊表示,莫登格所带来的额外收入将有助于动物园开展多种濒危动物的繁育项目,比如侏儒河马,这种动物正受到非法捕猎和栖息地丧失的威胁。空处需动名词作定语,修饰名词programs。故填breeding。
考点六 动名词的复合结构
知●识●解●构
知识点1 ①名词所有格+doing (如Jane’s doing); ②形容词物主代词+doing(如her doing); 作主语、表语或宾语。
①The team’s winning the game surprised everyone. 这个队赢得比赛让所有人都很惊讶。
②I really appreciate your helping me with the project. 我非常感谢你帮我做这个项目。
知识点2 ①名词普通格+doing(Jane doing); ②宾格+doing 作表语或宾语(me doing)
①He doesn’t mind me using his computer. 他不介意我用他的电脑。
②They all laughed at Tom falling off the bike. 他们都嘲笑汤姆从自行车上摔下来。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查动名词的复合结构
1.His friends gave away some information, which led to his (arrest).
【答案】being arrested
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:他的朋友们泄露了一些信息,这导致他被捕。lead to中to是介词,后接动名词形式,且he与arrest之间是被动关系,所以用动名词的被动形式being arrested,在句中作to的宾语。故填being arrested。
2.Bike sharing is booming in our country, which leads to us (get) around easier than before.
【答案】getting
【解析】句意:共享单车在我国蓬勃发展,这使得我们出行比以前更方便了。固定搭配“lead to(导致,造成)”中的“to”为介词,后接名词或动名词作宾语;“us”为动名词的逻辑主语,构成动名词的复合结构。
3.I’m considering the students (take) a short online course to improve their presentation skills.
【答案】taking
【解析】句意:我正在考虑让学生们参加短期线上课程,以此提升他们的演讲表达能力。consider sb. doing sth.“考虑某人做某事”是固定搭配,动名词复合结构作宾语。
4.Her (fail) the exam was a big disappointment, but she was determined to study harder and try again.
【答案】failing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:她没通过考试让人非常失望,但她决心更努力学习,再试一次。句子的谓语是 was,空处和her以及the exam构成动名词的复合结构Her failing the exam ,充当句子主语。故填failing。
5.Her (lose) her new bike really made her mother very upset.
【答案】losing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:她丢了新自行车,这使她妈妈非常难过。分析句子可知,made是谓语动词,设空处需用非谓语动词。此处使用动名词形式,Her与losing构成动名词的复合结构作主语。故填losing。
考点七 动名词主动形式被动意义
知●识●解●构
知识点1 want/need/require表示“需要”,后接动名词,动名词主动形式表示被动意义
知识点2 deserve表示“值得做”,后接动名词,动名词主动形式表示被动意义
知识点3 be worth doing表示“值得做”,后接动名词,主动形式表示被动意义
考●向●破●译
考向 动名词主动形式被动意义
1.You are a good human being and you deserve (treat) as such.
【答案】to be treated/treating
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:你是一个好人,理应得到这样的待遇。使用及物动词deserve 表示“理应被……”,后面使用动名词形式作宾语时,主动表被动,即deserve doing;若使用动词不定式表示,就应该使用不定式的被动式,即deserve to be done。本句中treat与主语you是被动关系。故填treating/to be treated。
2.These announcements, as symbols of love and individuality, remind us that some traditions are worth (preserve).
【答案】preserving
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些宣告,作为爱与个性的象征,提醒我们有些传统值得保留。be worth doing是固定用法,表示“值得做某事”,其中动名词主动表被动;preserve的动名词是preserving。故填preserving。
真题溯源·考向感知
——溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向
单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.(2026·全国I卷)Before 64 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly cheaper than those found in supermarkets.
【答案】heading
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在回家之前,他们会把从当地农民那里买来的新鲜水果和蔬菜塞满购物袋,价格比超市里的便宜得多。介词“Before”后接动名词作宾语。
2.(2026·全国II卷)At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 64 (be) early at 8 am.
【答案】being
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:课程结束时才早上八点,天色尚早,我却感觉十分清醒。despite为介词,后接动名词作宾语,be的动名词形式为being。
3.(2026年1月浙江卷)My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember 62 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over the uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster.
【答案】being pushed
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我记得坐在超市的手推车里,被人推着,在凹凸不平的停车场地面上就像坐过山车一样。remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”,且I与push“推”之间为被动关系,需用动名词的被动形式,作宾语。故填being pushed。
4.(2025浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean 65 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
【答案】 returning
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:……这并不总是意味着要在某个特别的周末过后的周一就归还衣服。根据句意可知,mean 此处意为“意味着”,mean doing sth是固定搭配,意为“意味着做某事”。
5. (2025八省联考卷) Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 63 (improve) communication and cooperation between China and the rest of the world.
【答案】improving
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。此处作介词in的宾语,应用improve“提高”的动名词形式,作宾语。故填improving。
6.(2023全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years (record) everything I discovered.
【答案】recording
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名摄影师,我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语,用动名词形式。故填recording。
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