Unit 1 Time to Relax 单元核心单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型精练（暑假单元自测）新八年级英语新教材鲁教版（五四学制）

Unit 1 Time to Relax单元自测（新教材鲁教版） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ 一、词汇运用 1．Just now Jack refused ________ (accept) the hard task. 【答案】to accept 【详解】句意：刚才杰克拒绝接受这项艰巨的任务。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”，refuse后面要用不定式to do，所以填to accept。 2．________ (learn) more about the city, you can visit it and enjoy the local culture. 【答案】To learn 【详解】句意：为了更多地了解这座城市，你可以去参观并享受当地文化。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了……”，且位于句首首字母大写。故填To learn。 3．Our English teacher asks us ________ (read) English every day. 【答案】to read 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师要求我们每天读英语。句中“asks us”后接动词时，固定搭配为ask sb. to do sth.，意为“要求某人做某事”。动词read需用不定式形式to read。 4．Most ________ (important), we should always be kind to others and respect different opinions. 【答案】 importantly 【详解】句意：最重要的是，我们应该始终善待他人，并尊重不同的观点。important意为“重要的”，是形容词。“Most+副词”在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，因此括号内的important需要变为副词importantly。故填importantly。 5．My teacher made a helpful ________ (suggest) on how to improve my writing. 【答案】 suggestion 【详解】句意：我的老师给了我一个关于如何提高写作的很有帮助的建议。此处为a+形容词+名词单数的结构，表示“一个有帮助的……”，“suggest”的名词为suggestion。 6．Many ________ (foreign) come to China every year to learn about its rich culture and history. 【答案】foreigners 【详解】句意：每年都有许多外国人来到中国，了解其丰富的文化和历史。空格前的限定词是“Many”，它用来修饰可数名词复数，所以括号里的词需要变成可数名词复数形式。foreign是形容词，意为“外国的”，它对应的表示“外国人”的名词是foreigner，其复数形式是foreigners，故填foreigners。 7．Reading books makes me feel ________ (peace). 【答案】peaceful 【详解】句意：读书让我感到平静。peace意为“和平”，是名词。feel为系动词，后接形容词作表语，peaceful是形容词，表示“平静的”。故填peaceful。 8．Different people have different ways of ________ (relax). 【答案】relaxation 【详解】句意：不同的人有不同的放松方式。relax意为“放松”，是动词。of为介词，其后应接名词作宾语，表示“放松”这一概念，应填不可数名词relaxation。 9．We chatted after class one day and I realized that he was ________ (surprising) nice. 【答案】surprisingly 【详解】句意：一天课后我们聊天，我意识到他出奇地好。surprising“令人惊讶的”，句中“nice”为形容词，前面需要用副词修饰，surprising的副词形式是surprisingly，意为“出奇地；惊人地”。 10．Don’t be afraid of ________ (fail). It can teach us valuable lessons for future success. 【答案】failure/failing 【详解】句意：不要害怕失败。它可以为我们未来的成功提供宝贵的经验教训。句中“of”为介词，后接动词时应用名词或动名词形式，括号内所给词为“fail”，其名词为“failure”，动名词形式为“failing”，故填failure或failing。 11．These young ________ (programme) spent two months developing a new educational app. 【答案】programmers 【详解】句意：这些年轻的程序员耗时两个月开发了一款全新的教育类应用软件。根据句子语境，“开发一款教育类应用”的主体应该是“程序员”，因此需要将动词“programme”转换为表示人的名词“programmer”（程序员）；句中“These”（这些）是复数指示代词，修饰可数名词复数，因此“programmer”需要变为复数形式“programmers”。 12．The new ________ (instruct) is very patient. 【答案】instructor 【详解】句意：这位新指导员十分有耐心。句中“The new”后需接名词作主语，instruct“指导、教导”是动词，其名词形式为instructor“指导员、教练”，谓语is为单数形式，对应名词用单数instructor。 13．How many ________ (postcard) have you received from your friends? 【答案】postcards 【详解】句意：你收到了朋友寄来的多少张明信片？句中“How many”后接可数名词复数，括号内所给词“postcard” (明信片) 为名词，其复数形式为“postcards”。 14．Finishing the task on time is a great ________ (achieve) for the team. 【答案】achievement 【详解】句意：按时完成这项任务对团队来说是一项巨大的成就。形容词great后接名词，achieve的名词形式是achievement“成就”，前面有a，用单数形式。 15．Would you like to go ________ in the Ice and Snow World? (ski) 【答案】skiing 【详解】句意：你想去冰雪大世界滑雪吗？ski“滑雪”，go+动词-ing表示从事户外活动，ski的动名词形式为skiing，go skiing“去滑雪”。 16．My grandmother can do __________ (书法) well and she always teaches me to write. 【答案】 calligraphy 【详解】句意：我的祖母书法写得很好，她总是教我写字。calligraphy“书法”，不可数名词。 17．In our life, we have different main tasks in different __________ (阶段). 【答案】 stages 【详解】句意：在我们的生活中，我们在不同的阶段有不同的主要任务。stage“阶段”，可数名词。根据“different”可知，此处应用名词复数形式stages。 18．In recent years, __________ (青少年的) crimes have been increasing quickly. 【答案】 teenage 【详解】句意：近年来，青少年犯罪率一直在快速上升。“青少年的”，对应的英文是teenage，在这里作定语修饰后面的crimes。 19．John likes collecting __________ (邮票) in his free time. 【答案】 stamps 【详解】句意：约翰空闲时喜欢集邮。汉语提示“邮票”，对应单词stamp，为可数名词，collect stamps是固定搭配，表示“集邮”，用复数形式stamps表示一类事物。 20．Smoking is not __________ (允许) in the school for both teachers and students. 【答案】 allowed 【详解】句意：学校里不允许教师和学生吸烟。allow“允许”，动词；句子主语Smoking与allow之间是被动关系，应用被动语态“be+过去分词”，allow的过去分词形式为allowed。 21．Do you have any __________ (物品) that can prove your identification? 【答案】 objects 【详解】句意：你有能证明你身份的物品吗？空格处在动词have后，需用名词形式作宾语。“物品”译为object，此处表示泛指（暗示可能存在多个物品），用复数形式objects符合句意。 22．Sometimes __________ (闲聊) with our friends makes us feel better. 【答案】 chatting 【详解】句意：有时候和朋友们闲聊会让我们感觉更好。 chat“闲聊”，动词；此处需要作句子的主语，动词作主语时要使用动名词形式，故填chatting。 23．How to __________ (管理) time is important for students. 【答案】 manage 【详解】句意：如何管理时间对学生来说很重要。根据“how to do”(如何做某事)可知，空白处填动词原形；manage符合语境和用法，意为“管理”。 24．Du Fu, a great poet, has written plenty of __________ (诗歌). 【答案】poems/poetry 【详解】句意：杜甫，一位伟大的诗人，写了大量的诗歌。“诗歌”对应的英文表达可以是“poems”或“poetry”，两者在此语境中均符合要求。 25．As long as you overcome your __________ (恐惧), you will find a different world. 【答案】 fear 【详解】句意：只要你克服你的恐惧，你将发现一个不同的世界。空前形容词物主代词，需接名词，fear符合语境，意为“恐惧”，此处作overcome的宾语。 26．If you learn to drive a car, an __________ (教练) is necessary. 【答案】 instructor 【详解】句意：如果你学开车，一名教练是必要的。根据提示词“教练”以及不定冠词an可知，此处应填入以元音音素开头的名词instructor。 27．Your words can __________ (表达) what you think. 【答案】 express 【详解】句意：你的话语可以表达你的想法。 express“表达”，动词，情态动词can后面接动词原形，因此用express。 28．It’s important to have a ________ (感觉) of achievement. 【答案】sense 【详解】句意：有成就感是很重要的。根据汉语提示“感觉”，且空前为“a”，空后为“of achievement”，可知此处考查固定搭配“a sense of...”，意为“一种……感”。sense为名词，符合语境。 29．Doing yoga can help reduce ________ (压力). 【答案】stress 【详解】句意：做瑜伽可以帮助减轻压力。根据括号内的中文提示“压力”，对应的英文单词是stress，它是不可数名词，在句中作动词reduce的宾语，符合“reduce stress（减轻压力）”的常用搭配。 30．Please write your name in black ________ (墨水) on the paper. 【答案】ink 【详解】句意：请用黑色墨水在纸上写下你的名字。根据中文提示可知，“墨水”对应的英文是ink，是不可数名词，此处作介词in的宾语。 二、完成句子 31．只要不放弃，久而久之你就会做得越来越好。 As long as you don’t ________ ________, you’ll get better at it over time. 【答案】 give up 【详解】原句中“放弃”是关键词，“放弃”的常用英语短语是give up，句中don’t为助动词，后面需接动词原形；题目设有两个空格，正好对应give和up两个词。 32．为了选到自己最喜欢的那本书，很多读者早早赶到图书馆。 Many readers got to the library early ________ ________ their favorite book. 【答案】 to choose/pick 【详解】原句中“为了选到”是关键词，表示目的，用动词不定式to do；“选择”用choose/pick。故填to；choose/pick。 33．阅读是一种放松的好方法。 Reading is a good way ________ ________. 【答案】 to relax 【详解】原句中“放松”是关键词，“做某事的好方法”的固定表达为a good way to do sth.，其中动词不定式作后置定语。因此“放松”需用动词原形relax，前面搭配不定式符号to，故填to；relax。 34．在我们的日常生活中，有很多方法可以克服你的恐惧。 In our daily life, there are many ways to ________ ________ your fear. 【答案】 get over 【详解】原句中“克服”是关键词，表示“克服”的短语是get over。本句中to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。故填get；over。 35．他太累了，很快就睡着了。 He was so tired that he ________ ________ quickly. 【答案】 fell asleep 【详解】原句中“睡着”是关键词，对应的英文短语是fall asleep。主句谓语动词是was，表明句子时态为一般过去时，因此that从句中的谓语动词也需用过去式，fall的过去式是fell。 36．对我们来说，每天锻炼半小时是很重要的。 ________ ________ important for us to exercise for half an hour every day. 【答案】 It is 【详解】原句考查固定句型“It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”，表示“做某事对某人来说是……的”，it作形式主语。在此句型中，It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语；句子陈述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，故be动词用is。 37．琳达决定这周和她的家人去露营。 Linda ________ ________ go camping with her family this week. 【答案】 decided to 【详解】原句中“决定做某事”是关键词，decide to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“决定做某事”，“决定”这一动作视为发生在过去的心理活动，用一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式decided to。 38．最后我坚持了下来，表现得很好。作为回报，老师表扬了我。 I kept going and did well in the end. ________ ________, my teacher praised me 【答案】 In return 【详解】原句中“作为回报”是关键词，“作为回报”对应的英文表达是“in return”，句首首字母大写。 39．我的好朋友说，坚持自己喜欢的事很重要。 My good friend said that sticking to things I love is ________ ________. 【答案】 very important 【详解】原句中“很重要”是关键词，“很重要”对应的英文表达是“very important”。 40．我们学校乐队要在艺术节表演，我打算打鼓。 Our school band will perform at the art festival, and I plan to ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 play the drums 【详解】原句中“打鼓”是关键词，“打鼓”对应的英文表达是“play the drums” ，其中“play”表示演奏，“drums”是鼓的复数形式，在表示演奏某种乐器时，乐器前通常要加定冠词“the”。 三、短文填空 I used to be very shy and nervous when I spoke in front of people. My teacher noticed this and suggested that I should take up 41 new hobby to build my confidence. She said, “Why not try calligraphy? It’s relaxing and helps you focus.” I decided to give it a go. At first, it was difficult 42 (control) the brush, and I often made a mess. But I didn’t give up. I practiced single 43 (stroke) again and again. 44 (surprising), I started to see improvement soon. It was much 45 (fast) than I expected. My teacher encouraged me not to give up 46 practice was the key to success. Now, I really enjoy 47 (do) calligraphy. It allows me to stay calm and express 48 (I). I even joined a calligraphy club and made new friends. This hobby not only helps me relax but also gives me a strong sense of 49 (achieve). I also learn about Chinese culture and history by doing calligraphy. Sometimes, I teach my younger sister how to write. 50 return, she teaches me how to draw. We encourage each other to keep learning. This hobby has changed my life in a positive way. 【答案】 41．a 42．to control 43．strokes 44．Surprisingly 45．faster 46．because 47．doing 48．myself 49．achievement 50．In 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者通过学习书法克服胆怯、建立自信并深入了解中国文化的故事，分享了兴趣爱好对生活的积极影响。 【详解】41．句意：我的老师注意到了这一点，并建议我应该开始一个新爱好来建立自信。空格后的“new hobby”为可数名词单数且发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词限定。 42．句意：起初，控制毛笔很难，我经常弄得一团糟。句型结构“It was difficult…”符合“It is + adj. + to do sth.”结构，需用动词不定式作真正的主语。 43．句意：我一遍又一遍地练习单个笔画。stroke为可数名词，此处表示作者反复练习很多个“单独的笔画”，需用复数形式。 44．句意：令人惊讶的是，我很快就开始看到进步了。空格位于句首修饰整个句子，需用副词作状语。 45．句意：这比我预期的要快得多。句中“than”引导比较结构，且空格前有程度副词“much”修饰，需用形容词比较级形式。 46．句意：我的老师鼓励我不要放弃，因为练习是成功的关键。空格后“practice was the key to success”是完整句子，用于解释“不要放弃”的原因，需用从属连词引导原因状语从句。 47．句意：现在，我真的很喜欢做书法。根据固定用法“enjoy doing sth.”可知，此处需用动名词形式作动词宾语。 48．句意：它让我保持冷静并表达自己。句中动作的发出者（主语）为“It”，但意义上是表达“我”（作者）的内心，且结合语境“express myself”意为“表达自我”，需用反身代词。 49．句意：这个爱好不仅帮助我放松，还给我强烈的成就感。空格处在介词“of”后，需用名词形式构成固定短语“sense of achievement”。 50．句意：作为回报，她教我怎么画画。固定搭配“in return”意为“作为回报”，空格位于句首且作为短语首词。 For his eleventh birthday, Tom got a gift that would shape his life. On that day his father took him to the Children’s Activity Centre and said it was up 51 him to choose any course he liked. Tom had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or two. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage his stamp 52 (collect). To his mother’s disappointment, that hobby lasted a week. Then his father got him some paints. Those paints were now on his bed. This time Tom’s parents would let him make his own decision because they 53 (fear) that he might give up his new interest quickly too. Tom’s eyes moved down the notice board. He stopped at “Photography”. He liked taking beautiful pictures but the notice 54 (especial) pointed out that each student needed their own camera (照相机). 55 Tom’s family weren’t poor, they weren’t rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. He wanted to find a hobby that cost 56 (little). The next course to catch his eye was “Language Art”. A(n) 57 (instruct) there was asking the students to introduce themselves in public. Tom, a quiet boy, was 58 (scare) to speak in front of others. Then he saw “cooking”. It was cheap (便宜的) and easy. He could manage 59 (make) delicious dishes for his family. His hobby never changed again. Now Tom runs 60 successful restaurant. Praise from customers always makes him remember the special gift he got all those years ago. 【答案】 51．to 52．collection 53．feared 54．especially 55．Although/Though 56．less 57．instructor 58．scared 59．to make 60．a 【导语】本文讲述了汤姆11岁生日时，在父母的允许下自主选择兴趣课程，最终找到烹饪这一终身爱好，并凭借此爱好经营了一家成功餐厅的故事，强调了自主选择对个人成长的影响。 【详解】51．句意：那天，他的父亲带他去了儿童活动中心，并说由他自己选择任何他喜欢的课程。“it is up to sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“由某人决定做某事”，结合句意可知此处需填介词to，符合固定搭配用法。 52．句意：他的妈妈曾经给了他一袋邮票，鼓励他集邮。“stamp collection”是固定表达，意为“集邮”，其中collection是collect的名词形式，作encourage的宾语，符合“encourage sth.（鼓励某事）”的搭配。 53．句意：这次汤姆的父母让他自己做决定，因为他们担心他可能也会很快放弃新的兴趣。整篇短文讲述的是汤姆11岁生日时的事情，属于过去发生的动作，因此此处需用fear的过去式feared，符合一般过去时的时态要求。 54．句意：他喜欢拍漂亮的照片，但通知特别指出每个学生需要有自己的照相机。此处需要一个副词修饰动词短语“pointed out”，especial是形容词，其副词形式为especially，意为“特别、尤其”，符合句意和语法要求。 55．句意：虽然汤姆家不穷，但他们也不富裕，而且一台照相机要花很多钱。结合前后句逻辑关系，“不穷”和“不富裕”之间是转折关系，因此需用连词Although/Though，引导让步状语从句，注意句首首字母大写。 56．句意：他想找一个花费更少的爱好。结合前文提到的“一台照相机要花很多钱”，可知汤姆想找花费比照相机少的爱好，此处暗含比较关系，需用little的比较级less，意为“更少的”，符合语境。   57．句意：那里的一位老师正在让学生们在公共场合自我介绍。根据句意，“让学生做自我介绍”的应该是老师、指导者，instruct是动词，其名词形式为instructor，意为“指导者、老师”，前面有不定冠词a(n)，因此用单数形式instructor。 58．句意：汤姆是一个安静的男孩，害怕在别人面前说话。“be scared to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意为“害怕做某事”，scare是动词，其形容词形式为scared，用来描述人的感受，符合句意和固定搭配。   59．句意：他可以设法为家人做美味的饭菜。“manage to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意为“设法做某事”，manage后接动词不定式，因此需填to make，符合固定搭配用法。 60．句意：现在汤姆经营着一家成功的餐厅。此处需要一个不定冠词修饰可数名词单数restaurant，successful是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词a，表泛指“一家”，符合语法要求。 四、完形填空 阅读短文，从各题所给的三个选项（A、B和C）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lucy used to be a shy girl. She always felt nervous when talking to others. To help her relax, her parents encouraged her to 61 a hobby. At first, Lucy had no idea what to do. Her mother suggested doing calligraphy. “It’s a good way to 62 down,” she said. Lucy decided to give it a go. She found an instructor and started to learn. It was 63 at first because she couldn’t control the brush well. However, her instructor always told her not to 64 up and to practice stroke by stroke. After several months of practice, Lucy’s calligraphy improved a lot. She felt a great sense of 65 every time she finished a piece. The most 66 thing was that she became much calmer and more confident. She even expressed her feelings by writing 67 on the back of her works. “The best part is that I can give my works to friends 68 return,” Lucy said. “It’s such a relaxing experience when we enjoy 69 together.” For Lucy, calligraphy is not just a way to 70 the time; it has become an important part of her life. 61．A．take up B．take off C．take away 62．A．write B．break C．calm 63．A．difficult B．interesting C．exciting 64．A．give B．pick C．look 65．A．achievement B．agreement C．development 66．A．boring B．disappointing C．surprising 67．A．poems B．stories C．programs 68．A．to B．in C．with 69．A．ourselves B．themselves C．yourselves 70．A．lose B．pass C．waste 【答案】 61．A 62．C 63．A 64．A 65．A 66．C 67．B 68．B 69．A 70．B 【导语】本文讲述了害羞女孩Lucy通过学习书法，逐渐变得自信开朗的故事。 【详解】61．句意：为了帮她放松，父母鼓励她培养一项爱好。 空后为“a hobby”，需表达“培养爱好”的含义。take up意为“开始从事”，take up a hobby是固定搭配，符合语境。take off意为“脱下、起飞”，take away意为“带走”，均不符合“培养爱好”的语境。 62．句意：她说：“这是让自己平静下来的好方法。” 前文提到“To help her relax”，此处需表达“平静下来”的含义。calm down意为“平静下来”，符合语境。write down意为“写下”，break down意为“出故障”，均不符合“放松、平静”的语境。 63．句意：一开始这很难，因为她无法很好地控制毛笔。 后文“she couldn’t control the brush well”提示，初学书法对她来说并不容易。difficult意为“困难的”，符合语境。interesting意为“有趣的”，exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，均与“无法控制毛笔”的描述矛盾。 64．句意：然而，她的老师总是告诉她不要放弃，要一笔一划地练习。 后文“practice stroke by stroke”提示，此处需表达“坚持、不放弃”的含义。give up意为“放弃”，符合语境。pick up意为“捡起、接人”，look up意为“查阅、抬头看”，均不符合语境。 65．句意：每次完成一幅作品，她都有一种强烈的成就感。 前文“Lucy’s calligraphy improved a lot”提示，此处需表达“进步带来的满足感”。a sense of achievement意为“成就感”，符合语境。agreement意为“同意”，development意为“发展”，均不符合语境。 66．句意：最令人惊喜的是，她变得更加冷静和自信了。 前文提到她曾是害羞紧张的女孩，后文“calmer and more confident”是书法带来的意外积极变化。surprising意为“令人惊喜的”，符合语境。boring意为“无聊的”，disappointing意为“令人失望的”，均与积极变化的语境矛盾。 67．句意：她甚至会在作品背面写故事来表达自己的情感。 前文“expressed her feelings”提示，此处需填写可在作品上书写、用于表达情感的内容。stories 意为“故事”，符合场景。poems意为“诗歌”，虽可表达情感，但结合选项与语境逻辑，stories更贴合日常表达设定；programs意为“节目”，与书写、表达情感无关。 68．句意：最棒的是，我可以把作品送给朋友作为回报。 此处需表达“作为回报”的含义。in return意为“作为回报”，符合语境。to意为“朝向”，with意为“和……一起”，均无法构成符合语境的搭配。 69．句意：当我们一起玩得开心时，那真是一段放松的经历。 前文提到“give my works to friends”，此处指代“Lucy和她的朋友们”，需用第一人称复数反身代词。ourselves意为“我们自己”，符合语境。themselves意为“他们自己”，指代第三人称复数；yourselves意为“你们自己”，指代第二人称复数，均不符合语境。 70．句意：对Lucy来说，书法不仅仅是消磨时间的方式，它已经成为她生活中重要的一部分。 此处需表达“消磨时间”的含义。pass the time意为“消磨时间”，符合语境。lose意为“失去”，waste意为“浪费”，均与“书法是生活的重要部分”的积极语境不符。 Last year, I decided to 71 a new hobby—rock climbing. I was always afraid of heights, but I wanted to overcome my 72 . My friend Tom, an experienced climber, 73 me to try. On my first day, I stood at the foot of a 10-meter wall. My heart beat fast and my hands felt sweaty. Tom said, “The first step is always the 74 . Just focus on one move at a time.” I took a deep breath and started to climb. When I was halfway up, I looked down and felt scared. I wanted to 75 . But then I heard Tom’s voice, “You can do it! Don’t stop!” I told 76 to calm down and kept going. Finally, I 77 the top. I felt so proud of myself. Tom said, “See? You did it! It gives you such a(n) 78 of achievement, doesn’t it?” I nodded with a big smile. Now, rock climbing is my favorite hobby. I go climbing every weekend with my friends. It helps me 79 fit and makes me feel more confident. I learned that if we face our fears bravely, we can 80 a big difference in our lives. 71．A．take up B．make up C．give up D．look up 72．A．stress B．pain C．fear D．illness 73．A．saw B．made C．avoided D．encouraged 74．A．easiest B．hardest C．happiest D．safest 75．A．get over B．put out C．give up D．give away 76．A．himself B．myself C．itself D．ourselves 77．A．reached B．left C．climbed D．fell 78．A．test B．sense C．idea D．stress 79．A．suffer B．do C．have D．stay 80．A．do B．make C．take D．give 【答案】 71．A 72．C 73．D 74．B 75．C 76．B 77．A 78．B 79．D 80．B 【导语】本文讲述作者去年开始尝试攀岩，努力克服恐高的恐惧。在朋友鼓励下，他战胜困难成功登顶，收获成就感。攀岩不仅让他强身健体、更加自信，也让他明白勇敢直面恐惧，就能改变自我、收获成长。 71．句意：去年，我决定培养一项新爱好——攀岩。 “培养爱好”用take up“开始从事”，符合语境。make up“编造”、give up“放弃”、look up“查阅”均不符合“开始新爱好”的含义。 72．句意：我一直恐高，但想克服我的恐惧。 结合“afraid of heights”，fear“恐惧”符合“要克服的对象”。stress“压力”、pain“疼痛”、illness“疾病”均与“恐高”无关。 73．句意：我的朋友Tom是有经验的攀岩者，鼓励我尝试。 “鼓励尝试新事物”用encouraged“鼓励”，符合“朋友支持”的语境。saw“看见”、made“使”、avoided“避免”均不符合“支持尝试”的动作。 74．句意：第一步总是最难的。 结合“第一次攀岩的紧张”，hardest“最难的”符合“新手的感受”。easiest“最容易的”、happiest“最开心的”、safest“最安全的”均不符合“初次尝试的难度”。 75．句意：我想放弃。结合“爬到一半害怕”， give up“放弃”符合“想停止”的想法。get over“克服”、put out“扑灭”、give away“赠送”均不符合“中途退缩”的语境。 76．句意：我告诉自己冷静下来，继续前进。 “自我鼓励”用myself“我自己”，符合主语I的反身代词。himself“他自己”、itself“它自己”、ourselves“我们自己”均不符合指代。 77．句意：最后，我到达了顶部。 “到达顶部”用reached“到达”，符合“完成攀岩”的结果。left“离开”、climbed“攀爬”、fell“掉落”均不符合“到达终点”的语境。 78．句意：这给你一种成就感，不是吗？ “a sense of achievement”是固定搭配，意为“成就感”，sense符合语境。test“测试”、idea“想法”、stress“压力”均不符合固定搭配 79．句意：它帮助我保持健康，让我更自信。 “保持健康”用stay fit，stay符合短语搭配。suffer“遭受”、do“做”、have“有”均不符合“保持健康”的表达。 80．句意：我学到如果勇敢面对恐惧，我们就能让生活发生很大变化。 “make a difference”是固定搭配，意为“产生影响”，make符合语境。do“做”、take“拿”、give“给”均不符合固定搭配。 五、阅读理解 Joan Jackson123 Lucky lane, Newtown, Bk12YG joanjackson@email.com Tel: 07782 821236 I am a confident, well—organised senior high student with a passion for animals. I am hoping to work part—time during the winter holiday. In the future, I hope to work as a vet (兽医). Skills： ·Ability: I’m good at both working with other people and working independently (独立地). ·Communication: I consider myself to be an excellent communicator. I am outgoing and easy to get along with. Relevant (相关的) work experience: ·Part—time dog—walking and pet—sitting, various employers (2021—present) This work requires excellent time management and a high level of responsibility. ·Voluntary work, Newtown Animal Rescue Centre (2022) The staff have been impressed by my ability to get on with all their animals. My interests: I am a photographer and I have taught myself digital photo editing (编辑) skills. I am also a member of my school orchestra (管弦乐队) and I play the violin well. I often give performances with friends at weekends. 81．What job does Joan want to do in the future? A．A nurse. B．A vet. C．A volunteer. D．A photographer. 82．How long has Joan been doing part—time dog—walking and pet—sitting? A．For over 1 year. B．For several weekends. C．For about 5 years. D．For a whole winter holiday. 83．What are Joan’s hobbies according to the passage? A．Playing the violin and walking dogs. B．Taking photos and playing the violin. C．Editing photos and performing at school. D．Working with animals and communicating with people. 84．Which word can best describe Joan according to the passage? A．Responsible. B．Quiet. C．Funny. D．Strict. 85．Where may the passage be from? A．A school newspaper.B．A storybook. C．A recruiting (招聘) website. D．A news report. 【答案】81．B 82．C 83．B 84．A 85．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，高中生Joan Jackson介绍了自己的技能、相关工作经验、兴趣爱好，表达未来想成为兽医的愿望，并寻求寒假兼职。 【详解】81．第一栏明确提到“In the future, I hope to work as a vet”，Joan未来想成为兽医。 82．“Relevant (相关的) work experience:”部分显示“Part—time dog—walking and pet—sitting, various employers (2021—present)”，2021年至今（2026年）大约五年。 83．My interests部分提到“I am a photographer...I play the violin well”，Joan的爱好是摄影和拉小提琴。 84．“Relevant (相关的) work experience:”部分指出“ This work requires excellent time management and a high level of responsibility”，Joan从事的兼职需要高度责任感，且她能胜任，因此“Responsible（有责任心的）”最能描述她。 85．本文是个人简历，用于求职，最可能来自“招聘网站（A recruiting website）”。校报、故事书、新闻报道均不符合简历的用途。 Baseball is my favourite sport. It is fun to play, and it is fun to watch. I went to my first baseball game with my grandparents when I was 6. It was really wonderful. We had a good time. I was happy to be with my grandparents. My grandfather made me love the game. My dad knew I loved baseball, so he gave me a baseball on my ninth birthday. When I was 12, my friend came to me and asked me to join his team and play baseball. From then on, I got to learn more about baseball. I practised a lot and learned how to play better. My favourite player is Derrek Lee. Derrek Lee joined the Chicago Cubs in 2004.That year was a good year for him, but 2005 was his best year. One of my favourite things about Derrek Lee is that he is a very nice person. He never shouts at others. He always has a big smile on his face. He seems happy all the time. 86．Who made the writer love baseball? A．His father. B．His friend. C．His grandfather. D．His grandmother. 87．When the writer was ________ years old, he got a baseball. A．6 B．9 C．12 D．15 88．The writer thinks Derrek Lee played best in ________. A．2003 B．2004 C．2005 D．2006 89．The writer thinks Derrek Lee is ________. A．careful B．nice C．strict D．hard-working 90．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Derrek Lee often shouts at other people. B．The writer went to his first baseball game when he was 5. C．The writer joined the baseball team when he was 12. D．Derrek Lee joined the Chicago Cubs eleven years ago. 【答案】86．C 87．B 88．C 89．B 90．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者与棒球的渊源，介绍了自己爱上棒球的经历、接触棒球的不同阶段以及自己最喜欢的棒球运动员。 【详解】86．文中第二段提到：“My grandfather made me love the game.”，直接点明是爷爷让作者爱上了棒球。 87．文中第三段提到：“so he gave me a baseball on my ninth birthday.”，说明作者九岁生日时收到了棒球。 88．文中第五段提到：“but 2005 was his best year.”，可知作者认为德里克·李在2005年发挥得最好。 89．文中第五段提到：“he is a very nice person.”，表明作者觉得德里克·李为人友善。 90．文中第四段提到：“When I was 12, my friend came to me and asked me to join his team and play baseball.”，说明作者12岁加入了棒球队，该表述正确；其余选项均与原文内容不符。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Time to Relax单元自测（新教材鲁教版） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ 一、词汇运用 1．Just now Jack refused ________ (accept) the hard task. 2．________ (learn) more about the city, you can visit it and enjoy the local culture. 3．Our English teacher asks us ________ (read) English every day. 4．Most ________ (important), we should always be kind to others and respect different opinions. 5．My teacher made a helpful ________ (suggest) on how to improve my writing. 6．Many ________ (foreign) come to China every year to learn about its rich culture and history. 7．Reading books makes me feel ________ (peace). 8．Different people have different ways of ________ (relax). 9．We chatted after class one day and I realized that he was ________ (surprising) nice. 10．Don’t be afraid of ________ (fail). It can teach us valuable lessons for future success. 11．These young ________ (programme) spent two months developing a new educational app. 12．The new ________ (instruct) is very patient. 13．How many ________ (postcard) have you received from your friends? 14．Finishing the task on time is a great ________ (achieve) for the team. 15．Would you like to go ________ in the Ice and Snow World? (ski) 16．My grandmother can do __________ (书法) well and she always teaches me to write. 17．In our life, we have different main tasks in different __________ (阶段). 18．In recent years, __________ (青少年的) crimes have been increasing quickly. 19．John likes collecting __________ (邮票) in his free time. 20．Smoking is not __________ (允许) in the school for both teachers and students. 21．Do you have any __________ (物品) that can prove your identification? 22．Sometimes __________ (闲聊) with our friends makes us feel better. 23．How to __________ (管理) time is important for students. 24．Du Fu, a great poet, has written plenty of __________ (诗歌). 25．As long as you overcome your __________ (恐惧), you will find a different world. 26．If you learn to drive a car, an __________ (教练) is necessary. 27．Your words can __________ (表达) what you think. 28．It’s important to have a ________ (感觉) of achievement. 29．Doing yoga can help reduce ________ (压力). 30．Please write your name in black ________ (墨水) on the paper. 二、完成句子 31．只要不放弃，久而久之你就会做得越来越好。 As long as you don’t ________ ________, you’ll get better at it over time. 32．为了选到自己最喜欢的那本书，很多读者早早赶到图书馆。 Many readers got to the library early ________ ________ their favorite book. 33．阅读是一种放松的好方法。 Reading is a good way ________ ________. 34．在我们的日常生活中，有很多方法可以克服你的恐惧。 In our daily life, there are many ways to ________ ________ your fear. 35．他太累了，很快就睡着了。 He was so tired that he ________ ________ quickly. 36．对我们来说，每天锻炼半小时是很重要的。 ________ ________ important for us to exercise for half an hour every day. 37．琳达决定这周和她的家人去露营。 Linda ________ ________ go camping with her family this week. 38．最后我坚持了下来，表现得很好。作为回报，老师表扬了我。 I kept going and did well in the end. ________ ________, my teacher praised me 39．我的好朋友说，坚持自己喜欢的事很重要。 My good friend said that sticking to things I love is ________ ________. 40．我们学校乐队要在艺术节表演，我打算打鼓。 Our school band will perform at the art festival, and I plan to ________ ________ ________. 三、短文填空 I used to be very shy and nervous when I spoke in front of people. My teacher noticed this and suggested that I should take up 41 new hobby to build my confidence. She said, “Why not try calligraphy? It’s relaxing and helps you focus.” I decided to give it a go. At first, it was difficult 42 (control) the brush, and I often made a mess. But I didn’t give up. I practiced single 43 (stroke) again and again. 44 (surprising), I started to see improvement soon. It was much 45 (fast) than I expected. My teacher encouraged me not to give up 46 practice was the key to success. Now, I really enjoy 47 (do) calligraphy. It allows me to stay calm and express 48 (I). I even joined a calligraphy club and made new friends. This hobby not only helps me relax but also gives me a strong sense of 49 (achieve). I also learn about Chinese culture and history by doing calligraphy. Sometimes, I teach my younger sister how to write. 50 return, she teaches me how to draw. We encourage each other to keep learning. This hobby has changed my life in a positive way. For his eleventh birthday, Tom got a gift that would shape his life. On that day his father took him to the Children’s Activity Centre and said it was up 51 him to choose any course he liked. Tom had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or two. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage his stamp 52 (collect). To his mother’s disappointment, that hobby lasted a week. Then his father got him some paints. Those paints were now on his bed. This time Tom’s parents would let him make his own decision because they 53 (fear) that he might give up his new interest quickly too. Tom’s eyes moved down the notice board. He stopped at “Photography”. He liked taking beautiful pictures but the notice 54 (especial) pointed out that each student needed their own camera (照相机). 55 Tom’s family weren’t poor, they weren’t rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. He wanted to find a hobby that cost 56 (little). The next course to catch his eye was “Language Art”. A(n) 57 (instruct) there was asking the students to introduce themselves in public. Tom, a quiet boy, was 58 (scare) to speak in front of others. Then he saw “cooking”. It was cheap (便宜的) and easy. He could manage 59 (make) delicious dishes for his family. His hobby never changed again. Now Tom runs 60 successful restaurant. Praise from customers always makes him remember the special gift he got all those years ago. 四、完形填空 阅读短文，从各题所给的三个选项（A、B和C）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lucy used to be a shy girl. She always felt nervous when talking to others. To help her relax, her parents encouraged her to 61 a hobby. At first, Lucy had no idea what to do. Her mother suggested doing calligraphy. “It’s a good way to 62 down,” she said. Lucy decided to give it a go. She found an instructor and started to learn. It was 63 at first because she couldn’t control the brush well. However, her instructor always told her not to 64 up and to practice stroke by stroke. After several months of practice, Lucy’s calligraphy improved a lot. She felt a great sense of 65 every time she finished a piece. The most 66 thing was that she became much calmer and more confident. She even expressed her feelings by writing 67 on the back of her works. “The best part is that I can give my works to friends 68 return,” Lucy said. “It’s such a relaxing experience when we enjoy 69 together.” For Lucy, calligraphy is not just a way to 70 the time; it has become an important part of her life. 61．A．take up B．take off C．take away 62．A．write B．break C．calm 63．A．difficult B．interesting C．exciting 64．A．give B．pick C．look 65．A．achievement B．agreement C．development 66．A．boring B．disappointing C．surprising 67．A．poems B．stories C．programs 68．A．to B．in C．with 69．A．ourselves B．themselves C．yourselves 70．A．lose B．pass C．waste Last year, I decided to 71 a new hobby—rock climbing. I was always afraid of heights, but I wanted to overcome my 72 . My friend Tom, an experienced climber, 73 me to try. On my first day, I stood at the foot of a 10-meter wall. My heart beat fast and my hands felt sweaty. Tom said, “The first step is always the 74 . Just focus on one move at a time.” I took a deep breath and started to climb. When I was halfway up, I looked down and felt scared. I wanted to 75 . But then I heard Tom’s voice, “You can do it! Don’t stop!” I told 76 to calm down and kept going. Finally, I 77 the top. I felt so proud of myself. Tom said, “See? You did it! It gives you such a(n) 78 of achievement, doesn’t it?” I nodded with a big smile. Now, rock climbing is my favorite hobby. I go climbing every weekend with my friends. It helps me 79 fit and makes me feel more confident. I learned that if we face our fears bravely, we can 80 a big difference in our lives. 71．A．take up B．make up C．give up D．look up 72．A．stress B．pain C．fear D．illness 73．A．saw B．made C．avoided D．encouraged 74．A．easiest B．hardest C．happiest D．safest 75．A．get over B．put out C．give up D．give away 76．A．himself B．myself C．itself D．ourselves 77．A．reached B．left C．climbed D．fell 78．A．test B．sense C．idea D．stress 79．A．suffer B．do C．have D．stay 80．A．do B．make C．take D．give 五、阅读理解 Joan Jackson123 Lucky lane, Newtown, Bk12YG joanjackson@email.com Tel: 07782 821236 I am a confident, well—organised senior high student with a passion for animals. I am hoping to work part—time during the winter holiday. In the future, I hope to work as a vet (兽医). Skills： ·Ability: I’m good at both working with other people and working independently (独立地). ·Communication: I consider myself to be an excellent communicator. I am outgoing and easy to get along with. Relevant (相关的) work experience: ·Part—time dog—walking and pet—sitting, various employers (2021—present) This work requires excellent time management and a high level of responsibility. ·Voluntary work, Newtown Animal Rescue Centre (2022) The staff have been impressed by my ability to get on with all their animals. My interests: I am a photographer and I have taught myself digital photo editing (编辑) skills. I am also a member of my school orchestra (管弦乐队) and I play the violin well. I often give performances with friends at weekends. 81．What job does Joan want to do in the future? A．A nurse. B．A vet. C．A volunteer. D．A photographer. 82．How long has Joan been doing part—time dog—walking and pet—sitting? A．For over 1 year. B．For several weekends. C．For about 5 years. D．For a whole winter holiday. 83．What are Joan’s hobbies according to the passage? A．Playing the violin and walking dogs. B．Taking photos and playing the violin. C．Editing photos and performing at school. D．Working with animals and communicating with people. 84．Which word can best describe Joan according to the passage? A．Responsible. B．Quiet. C．Funny. D．Strict. 85．Where may the passage be from? A．A school newspaper.B．A storybook. C．A recruiting (招聘) website. D．A news report. Baseball is my favourite sport. It is fun to play, and it is fun to watch. I went to my first baseball game with my grandparents when I was 6. It was really wonderful. We had a good time. I was happy to be with my grandparents. My grandfather made me love the game. My dad knew I loved baseball, so he gave me a baseball on my ninth birthday. When I was 12, my friend came to me and asked me to join his team and play baseball. From then on, I got to learn more about baseball. I practised a lot and learned how to play better. My favourite player is Derrek Lee. Derrek Lee joined the Chicago Cubs in 2004.That year was a good year for him, but 2005 was his best year. One of my favourite things about Derrek Lee is that he is a very nice person. He never shouts at others. He always has a big smile on his face. He seems happy all the time. 86．Who made the writer love baseball? A．His father. B．His friend. C．His grandfather. D．His grandmother. 87．When the writer was ________ years old, he got a baseball. A．6 B．9 C．12 D．15 88．The writer thinks Derrek Lee played best in ________. A．2003 B．2004 C．2005 D．2006 89．The writer thinks Derrek Lee is ________. A．careful B．nice C．strict D．hard-working 90．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Derrek Lee often shouts at other people. B．The writer went to his first baseball game when he was 5. C．The writer joined the baseball team when he was 12. D．Derrek Lee joined the Chicago Cubs eleven years ago. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $