内容正文:
班级 姓名 学号 分数
期末复习之重点单词变形短语语法句型练习100题
(期末重点知识)
(时间:60分钟,满分:120分)
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题,每小题1分,共40分)
1.Just now Jack refused ________ (accept) the hard task.
2.________ (surprise), the hardest subject became easy after I changed my study habits.
3.Doing sports makes us ________ (health) and strong.
4.Qian Xuesen faced many problems, but he made up his mind ________ (return) to China.
5.Most ________ (important), we should always be kind to others and respect different opinions.
6.My teacher made a helpful ________ (suggest) on how to improve my writing.
7.Many ________ (foreign) come to China every year to learn about its rich culture and history.
8.Playing chess is one of his favourite free-time ________ (activity).
9.We should be careful with the knife in the kitchen, or we will hurt ________ (we) by accident.
10.Can you give me a ________ (describe) of your new teacher?
11.After the school trip to Wuxi Plum Garden, he was tired out. By the time he ________ (lie) down on the sofa, he fell asleep.
12.It was ________ (care) of me to leave the door unlocked last night.
13.Who jumps ________ (far) in your school sports meeting?
14.It was very hot. ________ (luck), she brought enough water.
15.The ________ (die) of the pet dog made Dean upset.
16.A ball flew through the window and almost ________ (hit) my head.
17.We should try to live a ________ (joy) life and cherish every precious moment.
18.He used to ________ (be) shy, but now he is very outgoing.
19.Many students are under great ________ (press) nowadays.
20.________ (last), I want to thank all my friends.
21.He ________ (shut) the door quietly just now.
22.He shouted in ________ (angry) and left the room.
23.We were ________ (shock) to hear the bad news.
24.It’s ________ to speak loudly in the library. Please keep your voice down. (proper)
25.The bell ________ (ring) just now, so all the students walked into the classroom quickly.
26.She ________ (ring) the doorbell twice, but nobody answered.
27.The coach felt ________ (pride) of every player’s effort in the match.
28.We should learn from our mistakes so that we don’t ________ (repeat) them.
29.The Yangtze River is the ________ (three) longest river in the world.
30.The natural light in our daily life ________ (include) seven colours.
31.The guide told us that the ________ (deep) of the lake was more than 50 meters.
32.The firemen saved the people in the burning buildings ________ (success).
33.The Internet has made our lives much ________ (easy) than before.
34.The ________ scenery in Yunnan is very beautiful. (nature)
35.Don’t do anything to make others ________ (embarrass).
36.It’s necessary for us ________ (master) basic table manners.
37.We gain ________ (know) by reading books.
38.The wind blew ________ (terrible) last night.
39.He joined a ________ (volunteer) group to clean the park.
40.The ________ (firefight) saved the old man from the fire.
二、单词拼写(本大题共40小题,每小题1分,共40分)
41.Doctors and nurses are ________ (hero) in our hearts.
42.Critical ________ (think) is important in emergencies.
43.It is our ________ (traditional) to eat zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival.
44.Don’t be ________ (patient) when learning different cultural rules.
45.It is ________ (possible) to understand every culture completely, but we should keep learning.
46.It took me some time to get ________ (use) to how close people stand when talking in Brazil.
47.Please don’t touch my ________ (person) things, like my notebook and pen.
48.Offer sincere ________ (congratulate) to others when they behave politely at the western dinner.
49.During the Spring Festival, the red envelope is a special ________ (greet) that carries good wishes for the young.
50.Remember to use ________ (serve) chopsticks when getting food from shared plates.
51.I’m ________ (confuse) about which answer is correct.
52.The experience of learning about different cultures is very ________ (challenge).
53.Everyone tries their best ________ (save) themselves from danger.
54.Running everywhere at table is ________ (safe) for young children.
55.The story is _______ (base) on a true event that happened in 1998.
56.My sister ________ (buy) a gift for me yesterday.
57.The little boy got ________ (lose) in the big bookstore just now.
58.We should be careful of the ________ (hide) dangers around children.
59.There is an ________ (introduce) on how to use the product in the magazine.
60.Last night, someone ________ (steal) Rick’s bike from the parking lot, and he reported it to the police.
61.It’s worth ________ (spend) free time on classic literary books.
62.Our tour guide gave a short ________ (introduce) about the palace’s history before visiting.
63.It is important to take the weather into ________ (consider) when planning a picnic.
64.The ________ (library) in our school is very kind. She always helps us find the books we need.
65.The ________ (punish) for stealing in that country is very serious.
66.I realized that the ________ (history) record was incomplete.
67.He ________ (secret) saved money for months to buy his mother a birthday gift.
68.Your French has come along a lot ________ (recent).
69.I think they should realize that teachers aren’t their ________ (enemy) but their friends.
70.The bus ________ (arrive) at 8:00 a.m. yesterday.
71.They ________ (swim) in the sea last summer.
72.There are ________ (thousand) of books in our school library.
73.Lily________ (force) herself to stay calm when the alarm sounded.
74.He started _______ (perform) on stage when he was only ten years old.
75.Ladies and ________ (gentleman), welcome to our school’s art festival.
76.The ________ (warm) of his smile made everyone feel welcome.
77.The teacher praised the students for their ________ (kind) to the new classmate.
78.It’s time to say goodbye, but we are ________ (willing) to.
79.We all agree that the experience of joining a voluntary service is really worth ________ (try) for every teenager.
80.All the volunteers greeted us ________ (warm) when we arrived at the community center to join the activity.
三、完成句子(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
81.他的行为树立了一个很好的榜样,激励我们在需要的时候关心他人。
His act sets a good example, inspiring us ________ ________ for others in times of need.
82.只要不放弃,久而久之你就会做得越来越好。
As long as you don’t ________ ________, you’ll get better at it over time.
83.我们团队决定完成一份关于贵州地理与文化的精彩报告。
Our team decides ________ ________ a wonderful report on Guizhou’s geography and culture.
84.为了选到自己最喜欢的那本书,很多读者早早赶到图书馆。
Many readers got to the library early ________ ________ their favorite book.
85.大卫背痛。他不能开车太久。
David ________ ________ ________. He ________ drive for a long time.
86.如果你流鼻血,你应该把头向前倾。
If you ________ ________ ________, you ________ put your head forward.
87.很多游客更喜爱花时间在外用餐。
Most tourists prefer to spend their time ________ ________.
88.这位老人昨天突然病倒了,我们立刻叫了救护车。
The old man ________ ________ suddenly yesterday, and we called an ambulance right away.
89.他习惯于每天早上跑步来保持健康。
He is ________ ________ running every morning to keep healthy.
90.当你咳嗽时,你最好远离人群。
When you ________ ________ ________, you'd better stay away from people.
91.多亏了那位医生,这个男孩及时得救了。
________ ________ the doctor, the boy was saved in time.
92.如果你遭受严重头痛,请尽快服药!
If you ________ ________ a very bad headache, take some medicine as soon as possible!
93.图书馆把闭馆时间推迟,为了更多的人能参加阅读分享会。
The library put off the closing time ________ ________ more people could join the book-sharing meeting.
94.尼罗河是地球上最伟大的自然奇观之一。
The Nile is one of the greatest ________ ________ on earth.
95.我们应该尽力保护自然。
We should ________ ________ ________ to protect nature.
96.当地震发生时,郭清和他的同学们正坐在教室里。
When the earthquake came, Guo Qing and his classmates ________ ________ in the classroom.
97.你应该留意天气预报。
You should ________ ________ to the weather report.
98.如果你搞不清楚,就看看别人怎么做。
If you ________ ________, ________ ________ everyone else does.
99.他一进房间我就认出了他。
I recognized him ________ ________ ________ he came into the room.
100.我们应该及时复习所学过的知识。
We should review what we have learned ________ ________.
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班级 姓名 学号 分数
期末复习之重点单词变形短语语法句型练习100题
(期末重点知识)
(时间:60分钟,满分:120分)
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题,每小题1分,共40分)
1.Just now Jack refused ________ (accept) the hard task.
【答案】to accept
【详解】句意:刚才杰克拒绝接受这项艰巨的任务。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”,refuse后面要用不定式to do,所以填to accept。
2.________ (surprise), the hardest subject became easy after I changed my study habits.
【答案】
Surprisingly
【详解】句意:令人惊讶的是,在我改变了学习习惯后,最难的科目变得简单了。句中设空处位于句首,修饰整个句子,需要用副词形式作状语。surprise的副词形式是surprisingly,意为“令人惊讶地”,且句首单词首字母需大写,故填Surprisingly。
3.Doing sports makes us ________ (health) and strong.
【答案】healthy
【详解】句意:做运动让我们健康又强壮。 固定搭配:make sb. + 形容词,表示 “使某人处于某种状态”。 health是名词,意为 “健康”,其形容词形式为healthy(健康的),和后面的形容词 strong 并列,符合句式要求。
4.Qian Xuesen faced many problems, but he made up his mind ________ (return) to China.
【答案】to return
【详解】句意:钱学森面临许多困难,但他下定决心回到中国。句中固定搭配make up one’s mind to do sth.表示“下定决心做某事”,return需要变为不定式形式 ,故填to return。
5.Most ________ (important), we should always be kind to others and respect different opinions.
【答案】
importantly
【详解】句意:最重要的是,我们应该始终善待他人,并尊重不同的观点。important意为“重要的”,是形容词。“Most+副词”在句中作状语,修饰整个句子,因此括号内的important需要变为副词importantly。故填importantly。
6.My teacher made a helpful ________ (suggest) on how to improve my writing.
【答案】
suggestion
【详解】句意:我的老师给了我一个关于如何提高写作的很有帮助的建议。此处为a+形容词+名词单数的结构,表示“一个有帮助的……”,“suggest”的名词为suggestion。
7.Many ________ (foreign) come to China every year to learn about its rich culture and history.
【答案】foreigners
【详解】句意:每年都有许多外国人来到中国,了解其丰富的文化和历史。空格前的限定词是“Many”,它用来修饰可数名词复数,所以括号里的词需要变成可数名词复数形式。foreign是形容词,意为“外国的”,它对应的表示“外国人”的名词是foreigner,其复数形式是foreigners,故填foreigners。
8.Playing chess is one of his favourite free-time ________ (activity).
【答案】
activities
【详解】句意:下棋是他最喜欢的业余活动之一。one of+名词复数,表示“……之一”,activity的复数形式为activities。
9.We should be careful with the knife in the kitchen, or we will hurt ________ (we) by accident.
【答案】ourselves
【详解】句意:我们在厨房里使用刀具要小心,否则我们会不小心伤到我们自己。hurt oneself意为“伤到自己”,主语为we,对应反身代词为ourselves。
10.Can you give me a ________ (describe) of your new teacher?
【答案】description
【详解】句意:你能给我描述一下你的新老师吗?空格前有不定冠词a,后面需要接名词单数形式,describe的名词形式是description,give a description of是固定搭配,意为“描述……”,符合语境。
11.After the school trip to Wuxi Plum Garden, he was tired out. By the time he ________ (lie) down on the sofa, he fell asleep.
【答案】lay
【详解】句意:学校组织去无锡梅园的旅行后,他累坏了。当他躺在沙发上时,就睡着了。根据句中“was tired out”和“fell asleep”可知,句子描述的是过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时;此处lie down意为“躺下”,动词lie表示“躺”时,其过去式为lay。
12.It was ________ (care) of me to leave the door unlocked last night.
【答案】careless
【详解】句意:昨晚我没锁门,实在太粗心了。本句固定句型为It is/was+形容词+of sb. to do sth.,此处是形容词作表语,结合“to leave the door unlocked last night”可知,没锁门是粗心的,care是动词,形容词形式为careless“粗心的”。
13.Who jumps ________ (far) in your school sports meeting?
【答案】farthest/the farthest
【详解】句意:在你们学校的运动会上,谁跳得最远?句中“in your school sports meeting”,给出比较范围,属于三者及以上的比较,所以此处应用最高级。far有两种最高级形式:farthest表示“距离上的最远”;furthest表示“程度上的最深/最远”。本题是“跳得最远”,是距离上的比较,所以应填the farthest,副词最高级前的the可以省略。
14.It was very hot. ________ (luck), she brought enough water.
【答案】Luckily
【详解】句意:天气很热,幸运的是,她带了足够的水。根据“she brought enough water”,她带了足够的水,这是幸运的,副词修饰整个句子,luck的副词形式是luckily,意为“幸运地”,首字母大写。
15.The ________ (die) of the pet dog made Dean upset.
【答案】death
【详解】句意:宠物狗的去世让迪恩很伤心。分析句子结构,空格位于定冠词“The”之后,在句中作主语,需用名词形式。动词die对应的名词形式为death。
16.A ball flew through the window and almost ________ (hit) my head.
【答案】hit
【详解】句意:一个球从窗户飞了进来,差点砸到我的头。句中“flew”是fly的过去式,为一般过去时;and连接并列谓语,前后时态需保持一致,故后半句也应用一般过去时。hit的过去式与原形相同,仍为hit。
17.We should try to live a ________ (joy) life and cherish every precious moment.
【答案】joyful
【详解】句意:我们应该努力过快乐的生活,珍惜每一个珍贵的瞬间。空格后是名词“life”,修饰名词需要用形容词;括号内名词joy的形容词形式为joyful,意为“快乐的、令人愉快的”,live a joyful life表示“过快乐的生活”。
18.He used to ________ (be) shy, but now he is very outgoing.
【答案】be
【详解】句意:他以前很害羞,但现在他很外向。根据句意和提示词可知,空格处表示“他以前很害羞”,结合固定搭配used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”,to后面跟动词原形。故填be。
19.Many students are under great ________ (press) nowadays.
【答案】pressure
【详解】句意:如今很多学生都承受着巨大的压力。under great pressure表示 “承受巨大压力”。 press是动词“按压;逼迫”,此处需用名词形式pressure。
20.________ (last), I want to thank all my friends.
【答案】Lastly
【详解】句意:最后,我想感谢我所有的朋友。此处位于句首修饰整个句子,需填副词;last“最后的”,是形容词,它对应的副词为lastly,意为“最后”,句首首字母大写。
21.He ________ (shut) the door quietly just now.
【答案】shut
【详解】句意:刚才他轻轻地关上了门。根据“just now”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,谓语动词使用动词过去式,shut的过去式为shut。故填shut。
22.He shouted in ________ (angry) and left the room.
【答案】anger
【详解】句意 他愤怒地大喊一声,然后离开了房间。固定搭配in+名词,表状态,此处需要名词。angry是形容词(生气的),对应的名词形式为anger(愤怒)。in anger=angrily,意为 “愤怒地”。
23.We were ________ (shock) to hear the bad news.
【答案】shocked
【详解】句意:听到这个坏消息,我们十分震惊。were是系动词,此处需填入形容主语we情绪的表语,因此要用形容词;shock“震惊”,是动词,形容人内心感到震惊需变为-ed结尾的形容词,故填shocked。
24.It’s ________ to speak loudly in the library. Please keep your voice down. (proper)
【答案】
improper
【详解】句意:在图书馆大声说话是不恰当的。请放低声音。proper“恰当的;合适的”,根据后句“Please keep your voice down(请放低声音)”可知,此处表达的是“大声说话是不恰当的”,需要用proper的反义词improper,意为“不恰当的;不合适的”。
25.The bell ________ (ring) just now, so all the students walked into the classroom quickly.
【答案】rang
【详解】句意:铃刚才响了,所以所有的学生都迅速走进了教室。此处缺少谓语动词。时间状语“just now”表示过去的时间点,时态应用一般过去时。谓语动词应该使用过去式,ring的过去式形式为rang。
26.She ________ (ring) the doorbell twice, but nobody answered.
【答案】rang
【详解】句意:她按了两次门铃,但没有人应答。句中“but nobody answered”为一般过去时,提示并列动作也发生在过去,应用一般过去时。ring的过去式为rang。
27.The coach felt ________ (pride) of every player’s effort in the match.
【答案】proud
【详解】句意:教练为每位选手在比赛中的付出感到自豪。固定短语be/feel proud of,意为“为……感到骄傲、自豪”,pride是名词,此处需要形容词proud作表语。
28.We should learn from our mistakes so that we don’t ________ (repeat) them.
【答案】repeat
【详解】句意:我们应该从错误中学习,这样就不会重蹈覆辙。句中“ don’t ”是助动词的否定形式,后面需要接动词原形repeat,表示“重复”。
29.The Yangtze River is the ________ (three) longest river in the world.
【答案】
third
【详解】句意:长江是世界上第三长河。表示“第几最……”时,固定结构为“the+序数词+形容词最高级”。括号内给出的词是基数词three(三),此处表示顺序“第三”,需变为序数词third。
30.The natural light in our daily life ________ (include) seven colours.
【答案】includes
【详解】句意:我们日常生活中的自然光包含七种颜色。主语The natural light是单数,一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,include的第三人称单数形式为includes。
31.The guide told us that the ________ (deep) of the lake was more than 50 meters.
【答案】
depth
【详解】句意:导游告诉我们这个湖的深度超过了50米。deep“深的”,句中“the...of the lake”结构中,定冠词“the”后需要接名词,deep的名词形式是depth,意为“深度”。
32.The firemen saved the people in the burning buildings ________ (success).
【答案】
successfully
【详解】句意:消防员成功救出了着火大楼里的人们。空格处需要修饰谓语动词saved(救出,是save的过去式),修饰动词必须使用副词。括号内提示词success是名词,意为“成功”,它的副词形式为successfully,意为“成功地”,完全符合句子的语法和语义要求。
33.The Internet has made our lives much ________ (easy) than before.
【答案】easier
【详解】句意:互联网让我们的生活比以前容易多了。than是比较级标志词,easy的比较级为easier。
34.The ________ scenery in Yunnan is very beautiful. (nature)
【答案】natural
【详解】句意:云南的自然风光非常美丽。所给词“nature”是名词,此处需要形容词修饰名词“scenery”,其形容词形式为natural,自然的。
35.Don’t do anything to make others ________ (embarrass).
【答案】embarrassed
【详解】句意:不要做任何让别人感到尴尬的事。固定搭配“make+宾语+宾补”,others指人,需要用embarrass的形容词形式embarrassed作宾补,表示“感到尴尬的”,用来描述人的感受,所以填embarrassed。
36.It’s necessary for us ________ (master) basic table manners.
【答案】to master
【详解】句意:我们掌握基本的餐桌礼仪是必要的。分析句子结构可知,本句符合“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”的固定句型,其中it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。根据语法规则,空处应填入动词不定式“to+动词原形”来充当真正的主语。
37.We gain ________ (know) by reading books.
【答案】knowledge
【详解】句意:我们通过读书获取知识。 句中动词gain后需接名词作宾语,动词know的名词形式为knowledge意为“知识”,不可数名词,故填knowledge。
38.The wind blew ________ (terrible) last night.
【答案】terribly
【详解】句意:昨晚风刮得很猛烈。所给词“terrible”为形容词,意为“可怕的;剧烈的”。空格前“blew”为动词,因此本空需要填副词来修饰动词。形容词变副词的规则是在词尾加-ly,因此“terrible”变为 terribly,意为“很,非常”。故填terribly。
39.He joined a ________ (volunteer) group to clean the park.
【答案】voluntary
【详解】句意:他加入了一个志愿小组去打扫公园。此处需要形容词修饰名词group,volunteer的形容词形式为voluntary,意为“志愿的”。
40.The ________ (firefight) saved the old man from the fire.
【答案】firefighter
【详解】句意:消防员从火中救出了那位老人。firefight“交火;枪战”,为名词,句中“saved”为谓语动词,空处作主语,需要填入表示人的名词。firefight不表示“人”,需使用其派生名词firefighter,意为“消防员”,故填firefighter。
二、单词拼写(本大题共40小题,每小题1分,共40分)
41.Doctors and nurses are ________ (hero) in our hearts.
【答案】heroes
【详解】句意:医生和护士在我们心中是英雄。主语“Doctors and nurses”为复数,be动词用are,说明表语需用复数形式;hero的复数形式为heroes。
42.Critical ________ (think) is important in emergencies.
【答案】thinking
【详解】句意:批判性思维在紧急情况下非常重要。此处需要填动名词作主语,与is主谓一致,语法相符。故填thinking。
43.It is our ________ (traditional) to eat zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival.
【答案】tradition
【详解】句意:在端午节吃粽子是我们的传统。traditional“传统的”,是形容词,由形容词性物主代词“our”可知,此处应填名词,traditional的名词是tradition,根据“is”可知此处应用其单数形式。
44.Don’t be ________ (patient) when learning different cultural rules.
【答案】impatient
【详解】句意:学习不同的文化规则时不要不耐烦。don’t be后需接形容词,结合语境,此处表示“不要急躁、缺乏耐心”,应用patient的反义词impatient。故填impatient。
45.It is ________ (possible) to understand every culture completely, but we should keep learning.
【答案】
impossible
【详解】句意:完全理解每一种文化是不可能的,但我们应该不断学习。根据句中“but we should keep learning”可知,此处需要表达“不可能”的含义,形容词possible的反义词为impossible,表示“不可能的”,符合语境。
46.It took me some time to get ________ (use) to how close people stand when talking in Brazil.
【答案】
used
【详解】句意:我花了一些时间才习惯在巴西交谈时人们站得有多近。所给动词为use(使用)。固定搭配“get used to+名词/动名词” 意为“习惯于……”,其中used是形容词(习惯的)。故动词use应变为形容词形式used。故填used。
47.Please don’t touch my ________ (person) things, like my notebook and pen.
【答案】personal
【详解】句意:请不要碰我的私人物品,像我的笔记本和钢笔。person意为“人;个人”,是名词,空后的things是名词,需要用形容词修饰名词,作定语,person的形容词形式是personal,意为“私人的;个人的”。
48.Offer sincere ________ (congratulate) to others when they behave politely at the western dinner.
【答案】
congratulations
【详解】句意:当别人在西式晚宴上表现得体时,向他们表示真诚的祝贺。“offer congratulations to sb.”为固定搭配,意为“向某人表示祝贺”,其中“congratulations”表示“祝贺”时常用复数形式。
49.During the Spring Festival, the red envelope is a special ________ (greet) that carries good wishes for the young.
【答案】greeting
【详解】句意:在春节期间,红包是一种特殊的问候,承载着对年轻人的美好祝愿。根据“a special...”可知,空格处应填入名词单数形式,作表语。所给词greet为动词,其名词形式为greeting,意为“问候”。故填greeting。
50.Remember to use ________ (serve) chopsticks when getting food from shared plates.
【答案】
serving
【详解】句意:从共享的盘子取食物时,记得使用公用筷子。“serving chopsticks”为固定搭配,意为“公用筷”,其中“serving”是动名词作定语,表示“用于夹取食物的”。
51.I’m ________ (confuse) about which answer is correct.
【答案】confused
【详解】句意:我对哪个答案是正确的感到困惑。此处主语是I,表达 “感到困惑的”,需要用形容词形式。 confused形容人 “感到困惑的”,主语通常是人。 固定搭配be confused about...表示 “对……感到困惑”,符合本句语境。 因此填confused。
52.The experience of learning about different cultures is very ________ (challenge).
【答案】challenging
【详解】句意:了解不同文化的经历是非常具有挑战性的。根据空格前的“is very”可知,此处需要填形容词作表语。所给词challenge为名词或动词,其形容词形式为challenging,意为“具有挑战性的”。
53.Everyone tries their best ________ (save) themselves from danger.
【答案】
to save
【详解】句意:每个人都尽自己最大的努力从危险中自救。句中包含固定搭配“try one’s best to do sth.”,表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”,其后需接动词不定式结构,因此动词save应变为不定式形式,故填to save。
54.Running everywhere at table is ________ (safe) for young children.
【答案】
unsafe
【详解】句意:用餐时到处乱跑对幼儿来说是不安全的。所给形容词为safe(安全的)。根据句意“到处乱跑”可知,这种行为应该是不安全的,因此需要用safe的反义词unsafe(不安全的)。故填unsafe。
55.The story is _______ (base) on a true event that happened in 1998.
【答案】based
【详解】句意:这个故事是根据1998年发生的一个真实事件改编的。根据固定搭配be based on“基于,以……为基础”可知,此处应填based。
56.My sister ________ (buy) a gift for me yesterday.
【答案】bought
【详解】句意:我姐姐昨天给我买了一份礼物。句中时间状语yesterday意为“昨天”,表示一般过去时,动词buy需要使用过去式bought。故填bought。
57.The little boy got ________ (lose) in the big bookstore just now.
【答案】lost
【详解】句意:刚才小男孩在大书店里迷路了。固定搭配get lost,意为“迷路”。
58.We should be careful of the ________ (hide) dangers around children.
【答案】hidden
【详解】句意:我们应该小心孩子周围隐藏的危险。空格处修饰名词dangers,需用形容词。hide为动词,其形容词形式为hidden,意为“隐藏的”。
59.There is an ________ (introduce) on how to use the product in the magazine.
【答案】introduction
【详解】句意:杂志里有一篇关于如何使用该产品的介绍。句中冠词“an”后需接可数名词单数,括号内的“introduce”是动词,需要变为其单数名词形式“introduction”。
60.Last night, someone ________ (steal) Rick’s bike from the parking lot, and he reported it to the police.
【答案】stole
【详解】句意:昨晚,有人从停车场偷走了Rick的自行车,他报告了警方。根据时间状语“Last night”可知,句子用一般过去时,“steal”的过去式为stole。
61.It’s worth ________ (spend) free time on classic literary books.
【答案】spending
【详解】句意:把空闲时间花在经典文学书籍上是值得的。固定搭配be worth doing表示 “值得做某事”,此处spend需变为动名词形式,故填spending。
62.Our tour guide gave a short ________ (introduce) about the palace’s history before visiting.
【答案】introduction
【详解】句意:我们的导游在参观前简短介绍了宫殿的历史。空格前有“a short”,提示需要填名词。introduce是动词,其名词形式为introduction,意为“介绍”。故填introduction。
63.It is important to take the weather into ________ (consider) when planning a picnic.
【答案】
consideration
【详解】句意:计划野餐时,把天气因素考虑进去是很重要的。固定搭配take...into consideration表示“把……考虑在内”,此处需将动词consider变为名词形式consideration。故填consideration。
64.The ________ (library) in our school is very kind. She always helps us find the books we need.
【答案】librarian
【详解】句意:我们学校的图书管理员人很好,她总是帮我们找需要的书籍。后文代词she指代女性人,library意为图书馆,对应的职业“图书管理员”是librarian,谓语is提示主语为单数名词。
65.The ________ (punish) for stealing in that country is very serious.
【答案】punishment
【详解】句意:在那个国家,对偷窃的处罚非常严厉。空格前有定冠词The,空格后是介词短语for stealing,且句子的谓语动词为is,说明空格处需用名词作句子的主语。动词punish“惩罚”对应的名词形式是punishment“惩罚,处罚”。故填punishment。
66.I realized that the ________ (history) record was incomplete.
【答案】historical
【详解】句意:我意识到这份历史的记录是不完整的。空格后是名词record,需要用形容词来修饰。history是名词,意为“历史”,它对应的形容词形式有historic和historical两种。historical侧重“与历史相关的”,historical record是固定搭配,意为“历史记录”;historic侧重“有重大历史意义的”。这里表达普通的历史相关记录,应把名词history变为形容词historical作定语修饰record。故填historical。
67.He ________ (secret) saved money for months to buy his mother a birthday gift.
【答案】secretly
【详解】句意:他秘密地存了好几个月的钱,就是为了给妈妈买一份生日礼物。括号内的词secret是名词/形容词,意为“秘密;秘密的”;句中动词saved(存钱)需要一个副词来修饰,说明“存钱”这个动作的方式;secret的副词形式是secretly,意为“秘密地、偷偷地”,用来修饰动词saved,符合语法和句子语义。
68.Your French has come along a lot ________ (recent).
【答案】recently
【详解】句意:你的法语最近进步很大。 括号内提示词recent是形容词,意为“最近的”;空格处在句末修饰整个现在完成时句子,需要用副词作时间状语,recent的副词形式为recently,表示“最近,近来”,常与现在完成时连用。
69.I think they should realize that teachers aren’t their ________ (enemy) but their friends.
【答案】enemies
【详解】句意:我认为他们应该意识到,老师不是他们的敌人,而是他们的朋友。句中“their”是复数限定词,且并列结构“not...but...”前后名词形式要一致,后文“friends”为复数,提示此处名词需用复数形式。enemy变复数要把y改为i再加es,enemies符合句意。
70.The bus ________ (arrive) at 8:00 a.m. yesterday.
【答案】arrived
【详解】句意:这辆公交车昨天早上八点到达。句中时间状语yesterday是一般过去时的标志,谓语动词要用过去式,arrive的过去式为arrived。
71.They ________ (swim) in the sea last summer.
【答案】swam
【详解】句意:他们去年夏天在海里游泳了。句中last summer为过去时间状语,提示动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。swim的过去式为swam。
72.There are ________ (thousand) of books in our school library.
【答案】thousands
【详解】句意:我们学校图书馆里有成千上万本书。thousand意为“千”,当它前面没有具体数字,且后面搭配of表示泛指“成千上万的” 时,需要使用复数形式thousands,构成固定搭配thousands of。因此空处应填thousands。
73.Lily________ (force) herself to stay calm when the alarm sounded.
【答案】forced
【详解】句意:当警报响起时,莉莉强迫自己保持冷静。根据时间状语“when the alarm sounded”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,需将动词force变为过去式forced。
74.He started _______ (perform) on stage when he was only ten years old.
【答案】performing/to perform
【详解】句意:他年仅十岁时就开始在舞台上表演。固定搭配start doing sth/to do sth,表示“开始做某事”,空处用动名词performing或不定式to perform,作宾语。
75.Ladies and ________ (gentleman), welcome to our school’s art festival.
【答案】gentlemen
【详解】句意:女士们,先生们,欢迎来到我们学校的艺术节。空格处与复数名词Ladies并列,所以需填入gentleman的复数形式gentlemen。
76.The ________ (warm) of his smile made everyone feel welcome.
【答案】warmth
【详解】句意:他笑容的温暖让所有人感到被欢迎。the和of中间应填名词,warm的名词形式为warmth。
77.The teacher praised the students for their ________ (kind) to the new classmate.
【答案】kindness
【详解】句意:老师表扬了学生们对新同学的友善。形容词性物主代词their(他们的)后需接名词作宾语;动词/形容词kind对应的名词形式为kindness(表示“善良,友善”),作宾语。
78.It’s time to say goodbye, but we are ________ (willing) to.
【答案】unwilling
【详解】句意:到说再见的时候了,但我们不愿意这样做。句中出现了转折连词“but”,表示前后语义相反,因此后半句需要表达与“愿意(willing)”相反的含义,要将willing变为其否定形式,在词前加前缀un-,构成unwilling。
79.We all agree that the experience of joining a voluntary service is really worth ________ (try) for every teenager.
【答案】trying
【详解】句意:我们都认为参加志愿服务的经历对每个青少年来说确实值得尝试。提示词try是动词,be worth doing是固定搭配,意为“值得做”,故填trying。
80.All the volunteers greeted us ________ (warm) when we arrived at the community center to join the activity.
【答案】warmly
【详解】句意:当我们抵达社区中心参加活动时,所有志愿者都热情地迎接了我们。动词greet需要用副词来修饰,形容词warm的副词形式是warmly。
三、完成句子(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
81.他的行为树立了一个很好的榜样,激励我们在需要的时候关心他人。
His act sets a good example, inspiring us ________ ________ for others in times of need.
【答案】 to care
【详解】原句中“激励我们关心”是关键词。“激励某人做某事”对应的固定搭配是“inspire sb. to do sth.”。本句中“inspiring us”后需接动词不定式作宾语补足语,表示“关心”的短语是“care for”。
82.只要不放弃,久而久之你就会做得越来越好。
As long as you don’t ________ ________, you’ll get better at it over time.
【答案】
give
up
【详解】原句中“放弃”是关键词,“放弃”的常用英语短语是give up,句中don’t为助动词,后面需接动词原形;题目设有两个空格,正好对应give和up两个词。
83.我们团队决定完成一份关于贵州地理与文化的精彩报告。
Our team decides ________ ________ a wonderful report on Guizhou’s geography and culture.
【答案】 to finish/complete
【详解】原句中 “决定完成” 是关键词,表示 “决定做某事” 的结构是decide to do sth.,“完成” 用动词complete/finish,故填to;finish/complete。
84.为了选到自己最喜欢的那本书,很多读者早早赶到图书馆。
Many readers got to the library early ________ ________ their favorite book.
【答案】 to choose/pick
【详解】原句中“为了选到”是关键词,表示目的,用动词不定式to do;“选择”用choose/pick。故填to;choose/pick。
85.大卫背痛。他不能开车太久。
David ________ ________ ________. He ________ drive for a long time.
【答案】 has a backache can’t
【详解】原句关键词为“背痛”和“不能”,分别用has a backache和can’t表示。其中backache为不可数名词,但习惯搭配不定冠词a。“不能”用情态动词can’t表示能力或可能性。句子为一般现在时,主语David为第三人称单数,故用has。
86.如果你流鼻血,你应该把头向前倾。
If you ________ ________ ________, you ________ put your head forward.
【答案】 have a nosebleed should
【详解】原句关键词为“流鼻血”和“应该”,分别用have a nosebleed和should表示。条件状语从句用一般现在时,主句用情态动词should。
87.很多游客更喜爱花时间在外用餐。
Most tourists prefer to spend their time ________ ________.
【答案】 eating out
【详解】原句中“在外用餐”是关键词,对应的英文固定短语是eat out。spend time (in) doing sth.,意为“花费时间做某事”。在此结构中,动词需要使用动名词形式(-ing 形式),介词in通常省略。因此动词eat变为eating,与out连用,正好填入两个空格。
88.这位老人昨天突然病倒了,我们立刻叫了救护车。
The old man ________ ________ suddenly yesterday, and we called an ambulance right away.
【答案】 fell ill
【详解】原句中“病倒”是关键词,表示“病倒”的短语是fall ill。本句时间状语为yesterday,需用一般过去时,fall的过去式为fell。
89.他习惯于每天早上跑步来保持健康。
He is ________ ________ running every morning to keep healthy.
【答案】 used to
【详解】原句中“习惯于……”是关键词。 be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”,句中已有主语He和系动词is,句末有动名词running,根据短语结构,中间缺少used to。因此填used to。
90.当你咳嗽时,你最好远离人群。
When you ________ ________ ________, you'd better stay away from people.
【答案】 have a cough
【详解】原句中“咳嗽”是关键词,表示“咳嗽”的短语是have a cough,动词短语,描述客观情况,使用一般现在时,主语“you”为第二人称,have保持动词原形不变。
91.多亏了那位医生,这个男孩及时得救了。
________ ________ the doctor, the boy was saved in time.
【答案】 Thanks to
【详解】原句中“多亏了”是关键词,表示“多亏了”的介词短语是thanks to。句首字母需大写。
92.如果你遭受严重头痛,请尽快服药!
If you ________ ________ a very bad headache, take some medicine as soon as possible!
【答案】 suffer from
【详解】原句中“遭受”是关键词,表示“遭受”的英文是suffer from,是动词短语。if引导的条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主语you为第二人称,谓语动词用原形。
93.图书馆把闭馆时间推迟,为了更多的人能参加阅读分享会。
The library put off the closing time ________ ________ more people could join the book-sharing meeting.
【答案】 so that
【详解】原句中“为了”是关键词,引导目的状语从句的固定短语是so that,意为“以便,为了”。
94.尼罗河是地球上最伟大的自然奇观之一。
The Nile is one of the greatest ________ ________ on earth.
【答案】
natural
wonders
【详解】原句中“自然奇观”是关键词。“自然的”用形容词natural,作定语修饰名词wonders;“奇观”用名词wonder,one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“最……的……之一”,此处应使用名词复数wonders,故填natural;wonders。
95.我们应该尽力保护自然。
We should ________ ________ ________ to protect nature.
【答案】 try our best
【详解】原句中“尽力”是关键词。“尽力做某事”用固定短语try one’s best to do sth.,主语为We,其对应的形容词性物主代词用our,此处位于情态动词should之后,动词需用原形try,故填try;our;best。
96.当地震发生时,郭清和他的同学们正坐在教室里。
When the earthquake came, Guo Qing and his classmates ________ ________ in the classroom.
【答案】 were sitting
【详解】原句中的“正坐着”是关键词,表示“坐着”用动词sit,根据“When the earthquake came”可知,此处用过去进行时,主语Guo Qing and his classmates,谓语用复数形式were sitting。
97.你应该留意天气预报。
You should ________ ________ to the weather report.
【答案】 pay attention
【详解】中文“留意”或“注意”对应的常用英语固定短语是pay attention to。情态动词should后面必须接动词原形,故填pay;attention。
98.如果你搞不清楚,就看看别人怎么做。
If you ________ ________, ________ ________ everyone else does.
【答案】 get confused watch what
【详解】原句中“搞不清楚”,“看看”是关键词,表达“搞不清楚”的短语是get confused。if引导条件状语从句,主语为you,时态用一般现在时,动词用原形,填get confused;主句为祈使句,句首用动词原形,watch表示 “观看、留意、看”,贴合语境;what引导宾语从句,在从句everyone else does中作does的宾语(does 指代 “做的事情)。
99.他一进房间我就认出了他。
I recognized him ________ ________ ________ he came into the room.
【答案】 as soon as
【详解】句意:他一进房间我就认出了他。根据中文“一……就……”可知,对应的英文短语是as soon as,用来连接两个几乎同时发生的动作。主句“I recognized him”和从句“he came into the room”都是一般过去时,as soon as引导时间状语从句,表示“立刻、马上”。
100.我们应该及时复习所学过的知识。
We should review what we have learned ________ ________.
【答案】 in time
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“及时”,“及时”在英语中常用短语in time表达,故①填in,②填time。
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