Unit 1 Changing World(Section A) 核心知识点精讲精练-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过思维导图系统构建知识体系，利用表格梳理重点短语（如*bring about、take place等），分板块解析核心词汇（含拓展、搭配及例句）和重难句型（现在完成时、定语从句等），清晰呈现重难点分布与内在联系。 讲义特色在于“随学随练+综合过关”的练习设计，如词汇解析后设单项填空，句型解析后配翻译句子练习，培养语言能力与思维品质。知识过关练习涵盖词汇填空、语法填空等多种题型，基础生可夯实基础，优秀生能深化理解，为教师精准教学和学生自主复习提供有力支持。

Unit 1 The Changing World 核心知识点精讲 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语，斜体为听力文本中短语) 1. *bring about 带来；引起 2. take place 发生；举行 3. over the years 多年来；这些年 4. used to 过去常常；曾经 5. *be covered with... 被…覆盖 6. farmland shortage 耕地短缺 7. lack of... 缺乏…；缺少… 8. all the time 一直；总是 9. get smaller and smaller 变得越来越小 10. improve local lives 改善当地居民生活 11. over the last 20 years 在过去 20 年间 12. tons of 大量的；许多；成吨的 13. a tourist attraction 一处旅游景点 14. sell products online 线上售卖产品 15. all over 遍及；到处 16. a new socialist village 社会主义新农村 17. in one’s opinion 在某人看来；依某人之见 18. in the last 10 years 在过去十年里 19. each other 互相；彼此 20. for ages 很久；很长一段时间 21. as well as 和；也；除…… 之外还有 22. digital books 电子书 23. audio books 有声书 24. in the past 在过去；从前 25. dirt tracks 土路；泥土小路 26. develop industry 发展工业 27. thousands of 成千上万的；数千的 28. as a result 因此；结果 2、 重点词汇解析 1. shortage /ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/ n.短缺 [词汇拓展] short(adj.)短的；短缺的 [词汇搭配] farmland shortage农田短缺；water shortage水短缺；a shortage of...短缺... [词汇例句] There is no shortage of things to do in the town.城里不愁找不到活儿干。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Water ________ is one of the biggest problems in the world, and we must take action to save every drop of it. A．shortage B．action C．collection D．invention 【答案】A 【详解】句意：水资源短缺是世界上最大的问题之一，我们必须采取行动节约每一滴水。 shortage短缺，不足；action行动；collection收集；invention发明。根据句中one of the biggest problems及后文save every drop of it可知，此处指水资源面临的负面问题，结合选项，shortage符合语境。 2. lack /læk/n. & v.缺乏 [词汇拓展] lacking(adj.)缺乏的，不足的 [词汇搭配] lack of technology缺乏科技；no lack of 不乏...；be lacking in...缺乏，不足 [词汇用法] · lack常用作不可数名词，表示“缺乏”，有时也前加a。 There was no lack of volunteers. 志愿者不乏其人。 · lack也可以作及物动词，表示“缺乏”；也用be lacking in...的表达。 He lacked confidence. 他缺乏信心。 She's not usually lacking in confidence. 她平时并不缺乏自信心。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Stress and ________ of sleep may damage your health. A．emotion B．sand C．lack D．manner 【答案】C 【详解】句意：压力和睡眠不足可能会损害你的健康。 考查名词辨析。emotion情绪；sand沙子；lack缺少，名词；manner方式。分析句子结构可知，空格处为名词和stress一起作主语。根据 “may damage your health”可知，压力和睡眠的缺少会对健康有害。lack of sleep缺少睡眠，睡眠不足。故选C。 3. sandy/ ˈsændi/ adj. 铺满沙子的；含沙的；(头发)沙土色的，沙褐色的，浅棕色的 [词汇拓展] sand(n.)沙子 [词汇搭配] a sandy beach沙滩；sandy soil沙质土壤 [词汇例句] The red sandy beaches attract many tourists every summer.每年夏天，红色沙滩吸引了很多游客。 4. government/ ˈɡʌvənmənt/n.政府 [词汇拓展] govern(n.)统治，管理 [词汇搭配] with the government’s support在政府的支持下；government officials政府官员 [词汇例句] The government has already stopped mobile phone use in schools. 政府已经禁止在学校使用手 机。 [随学随练] 单项填空 In order to make our hometown more popular, the local________has started lots of projects to attract tourists. A．hospital B．government C．factory D．university 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了让我们的家乡更受欢迎，当地政府启动了许多项目来吸引游客。 考查名词辨析。hospital医院；government政府；factory工厂；university大学。根据“In order to make our hometown more popular, the local...has started lots of projects to attract tourists.”可知，政府有职责和能力通过规划和开展各类项目来提升当地的旅游吸引力，促进家乡发展，符合句子逻辑。故选B。 5. support/səˈpɔːt/n. & v.支持；帮助，援助；养活，赡养；支撑 [词汇拓展] supportive(adj.)支持的；supporter(n.)支持者 [词汇搭配] support sb./sth.支持某人/某事；give sb. lots of support给予某人很多的帮助 [词汇例句] When we face difficulties, our teammates can cheer us up and give us support.当我们面临困难时， 我们的队友会为我们加油打气，给予我们支持。 [随学随练] —I want to take part in the school running race，but I’m a little nervous. —Don’t worry. All of us will ________ you. Just do your best! A．provide B．accept C．support D．double 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想参加学校跑步比赛，但我有点紧张。——别担心。我们所有人都会支持你。尽你最大努力！ provide提供；accept接受；support支持；double加倍。根据前句“Don’t worry.”以及后句的鼓励“Just do your best!”，可知此处是在安慰和鼓励参赛者，表示大家都会给予“支持”。 6. corn /kɔːn/n.玉米；谷物 [词汇拓展] corncob(n.)玉米芯;；popcorn(n.)爆米花；sweetcorn(n.)甜玉米 [词汇搭配] corn fields玉米田； an ear of corn一整根玉米；一穗玉米；corn silk玉米须 corn husk玉米皮；corn on the cob玉米棒子（含玉米粒、不带皮） [词汇用法] corn用作不可数名词。 “一根玉米”表达成“an ear of corn”，“一粒玉米”表达成“a piece of corn”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The little girl wanted to buy a ________ for lunch, but her mother didn’t agree. A．popcorn B．sandwich C．juice D．corn 【答案】B 【详解】句意：小女孩想买一个三明治当午餐，但她妈妈不同意。 考查名词辨析。popcorn爆米花；sandwich三明治；juice果汁；corn玉米。根据“buy a...for lunch”，根据空格前a，可知空格处使用可数名词单数形式，popcorn, juice, corn均为不可数名词，所以填sandwich。故选B。 7. high-tech /ˌhaɪ ˈtek/adj.高科技的 [词汇拓展] high(adj.)高的；technology(n.)科技 [词汇搭配] high-tech greenhouses高科技温室；high-tech products高科技产品 high-tech industries高科技产业 [词汇例句] Modern high-speed rail network also brought them convenient travelling experience.现代高速铁路 网络也为他们带来了便捷的出行体验。 8. railway/ˈreɪlweɪ/n.铁路 [词汇拓展] rail(n.)铁轨；轨道；railroad(n.)(北美英语)铁路；railwayman(n.)铁路工人；铁路员工 [词汇搭配] a railway station火车站 [词汇例句] There used to be no railways in the town.这个镇子过去没有铁路。 9. attraction /əˈtrækʃn/ n.向往的地方；吸引力 [词汇拓展] attract (v.)吸引；引起；attractive(adj.)吸引人的；有魅力的 [词汇搭配] tourist attraction 旅游景点 [词汇例句] The beautiful scenery has a strong attraction for tourists.美丽的风景对游客有着强烈的吸引力。 [随学随练] 用attraction适当形式填空 (1) There are 27 main tourist attractions in total in this area.  (2) The wide grasslands, blue lakes and wonderful flower fields attract millions of visitors from home and abroad every year.  (3) He bought a big house with an attractive garden. 10. product/ˈprɒdʌkt/n.产品 [词汇拓展] produce (v.)生产；产出；production(n.)生产；产量；productive (adj.)多产的；富有成效的 productivity (n.)生产力；生产率 [词汇搭配] sell products online在线上售卖产品；local products当地产品 [词汇例句] Chinese technology and products have been important in Western life for decades.几十年来，中国 技术和产品在西方生活中一直占据重要地位 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The shop sells different kinds of __________ from all over the world. A．product B．products C．produce D．production 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家商店销售来自世界各地的不同种类的产品。 考查名词辨析与单复数。product产品，可数名词单数；products产品，复数；produce多指农产品，不可数名词；production生产，不可数名词。根据“different kinds of”可知，后面应接可数名词复数，表示“不同种类的产品”。故选B。 (2) More and more people are using AI ________. Maybe I can consider buying one. A．customers B．thoughts C．products D．choices 【答案】C 【详解】句意：越来越多的人正在使用人工智能产品。也许我可以考虑买一个。 customers顾客；thoughts想法；products产品；choices选择。根据“More and more people are using AI…”以及后文的“consider buying one”可知，此处指的是人们正在使用并考虑购买AI产品，对应products“产品”。 11. greatly/ˈɡreɪtli/adv.大大地；非常 [词汇拓展] great(adj.)大的，伟大的；greatness(n.)伟大；卓越 [词汇搭配] greatly improve our lives大大改善我们的生活 [词汇例句] Small acts can greatly change people’s daily life.小的行为能极大改变人们的日常生活。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —The book is helpful and it helps me ________ in my daily life. —That’s good. I plan to read it, too. A．quietly B．quickly C．nearly D．greatly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这本书很有帮助，它在我的日常生活中极大地帮助了我。——那很好。我也打算读一读。 quietly安静地；quickly快速地；nearly几乎；greatly极大地/非常。根据前句“The book is helpful”可知，书有帮助，应表示“极大地”帮助了我，应填greatly。 12. socialist/ ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/adj. & n. 社会主义的；社会主义者 [词汇拓展] social (adj.)社会的；社交的；society (n.)社会；社团；socialism(n.)社会主义 [词汇搭配] a new socialist village 社会主义新农村；a socialist country社会主义国家 [词汇例句] The Communist Party of China is now leading the nation toward building a great modern socialist country.中国共产党正引领国家朝着建设社会主义现代化强国的目标迈进。 13. digital/ˈdɪdʒɪtl/adj. 电子的；数字的 [词汇拓展] digitally (adv.) 数字化地；digitize (v.) 使数字化；digitization (n.) 数字化 [词汇搭配] digital books电子书；a digital camera数码照相机 [词汇例句] Many students use digital dictionaries to look up new words.很多学生用电子词典来查找新单词。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The library provides a large number of ________ resources (资源) for teachers and students to search for online. A．digital B．basic C．clear D．quick 【答案】A 【详解】句意：图书馆为师生提供了大量的数字资源供他们在线搜索。 digital数字的；basic基础的；clear清晰的；quick快速的。根据“search for online”可知，这些资源是数字形式的，“digital”符合语境。 14. dirt /dɜːt/n.泥土；尘土；污物 [词汇拓展] dirty (adj.)脏的；(v.) 弄脏 [词汇搭配] dirt tracks 泥路；treat sb like dirt 视某人如粪土；把…视为草芥；蔑视 [词汇例句] First remove the dirt from the surface.先把表面的尘土去掉。 15. track /træk/n.小路；轨道；跑道，赛道；足迹，踪迹 [词汇拓展] racetrack(n.)跑道，赛道； [词汇搭配] track and field 田径运动；railway tracks铁轨；fast track捷径;快速成功之道 back on track恢复正常；keep/lose track of sb/sth了解/不了解…的动态；与…保持/失去联系 [词汇例句] We followed the bear's tracks in the snow. 我们跟着熊在雪地上留下的足迹走。 [随学随练] 用track的相关表达补全句子或翻译句子 (1) 我们沿着一条崎岖的山间小路再度出发。 We set off once more, over a rough mountain track. (2) 她曾经是一名田径运动员。 She used to be a track and field athlete. (3) 幸好，现在一切都回到了正轨。 Thankfully, everything is back on track now.  (4) 你是否曾经在全神贯注地做某事时，以至于忘记了时间？ Have you ever lost yourself in doing something so that you lost track of time? 16. wide /waɪd/adj. 宽的；宽阔的；大量地，广泛的 [词汇拓展] widely (adv.)广泛地；大大地；width(n.)宽度；widen(v.)拓宽；加宽 [词汇搭配] wide roads宽的马路；200 meters wide 两百米宽；a wide audience大批观众 [词汇例句] How wide is that stream? 那条小溪有多宽？ [随学随练] 用wide的适当形式填空 (1) It's about 10 metres in width. (2) How wide is the table? (3) The activity widens students’ understanding of local culture. (4) The idea is now widely accepted. 3、 重难句型解析 1. 现在完成时句型 (教材原句)How has life changed in your hometown over the last 20 years? (教材原句)The government has built thousands of kilometers of railways, and wide roads. 现在完成时可以表示过去发生的动作持续到现在完成；也可以用于描述过去发生动作对现在产生了影响。其谓语动词由“have/has+动词过去分词”结构构成。 如：They have been to Beijing four times. 他们已经去过四次北京了。 Judy has cleaned her room. Judy已经打扫过房间了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我家乡在过去的20年中发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last 20 years. (2) 爸爸已经把车修好了。明天我们可以开车去博物馆了。 Dad has repaired the car. We can drive to the museum tomorrow. 2. 一般过去时句型 (教材原句)He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. (教材原句)We used to have to travel far to see a doctor. 一般过去时用于描述过去发生的动作或存在的状态。其谓语动词通常由动词过去式构成。“used to +动词原形”结构表示“过去常常，曾经...”，也可以用于描述过去发生的动作或状态。 如：There was no gym in our school. 我们学校以前没有体育馆。 He used to be a doctor. 他曾经是名医生。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 10年前，他在乡村的一家小医院工作。 He worked in a small hospital in the village 10 years ago. (2) 这里曾经有一个小湖。 There used to be a small lake. 3. 定语从句 (教材原句)Yes, we've changed the way we farm. 本句中we farm是一个定语从句修饰前面的the way。the way作先行词(被定语从句修饰的名词)，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句的引导词用in which或that，也可以省略。 如：We can see differences when we pay attention to the way words are used. 当我们留意词语的使用方式时， 就能发现其中的差别。 4. 比较状语从句 (教材原句)They are much richer and happier than they once were. 比较状语从句常用结构为“比较级+than+从句”。 如：He is much taller than he was five years ago. 他比五年前高多了。 4、 其他知识解析 1. used to用法 (教材原句)Many young people used to work in big cities. (教材原句)In many places, there used to be no bridges to cross over mountains and rivers,... “used to +动词原形”结构表示“过去常常，曾经...”，也可以用于描述过去发生的动作或状态。 there be与used to结构连用，组成“there used to be ”结构，表示“以前有...”，此结构中be不能替换成have。 如：There used to be a tall tree here. 这儿以前有一个大树。 此外还有“be used to+n./doing”结构，表示“适应于...，习惯于...”。 如：He used to drive to work, but now he is used to walking. 他过去开车去上班，但现在已经习惯了走路。 [随学随练] 单项填空 He ________ go to the park for a walk, but now he ________ staying at home. A．used to; used to B．is used to; used to C．used to; is used to D．is used to; is used to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他过去常常去公园散步，但现在他习惯于待在家里。 used to do sth. 表示“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形；be used to doing sth. 表示“习惯于做某事”，后接动名词。根据前半句“go”为动词原形可知第一空填 used to；根据后半句“now”及“staying”为动名词可知第二空填 is used to。 2. “情态动词+have done”结构 (教材原句)Wow, the new highway and railway must have helped a lot! 本句中must have helped是“must have done”结构，表示对于过去的肯定推测，可以意为“一定已经做了，肯定做了”。类似结构有“could have done”表示“本可以做...”(实际上没做)；“should have done”表示“本应该做...”(实际上没做)；“may have done”表示“可能做了...”(对过去的不太肯定的推测)。 如：She must have told a lie, because her eyes were avoiding mine.她一定撒谎了，因为她的目光在躲避我。 You should have warned him of the danger. 你本应该提醒他注意危险的。 3. it充当形式主语 (教材原句)In the past, it was difficult to travel in Guizhou. (教材原句)When I first visited here, it took half a day to reach the town. 第一句中it充当形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。 在句型It takes/took (sb.)+时间段+to do...中，it也用作形式主语，如第二句。 如：It is important to think twice before making a decision.  做决定前三思是很重要的。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 ________ is necessary for us ________ read good books. A．It; to B．That; to C．That; is D．This; is 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对我们来说，读好书是很有必要的。 It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to do。故填It；to。 4. it充当形式宾语 (教材原句)This made it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. 此句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。 在一些动词如find，think，consider，feel，make等后常用it作形式宾语，再跟宾语补足语，再将真正的宾语不定式形式放在最后。 如：She found it hard to answer the question.她觉得回答这个问题很难。 The new method makes it possible to complete the task faster.新方法使得更快地完成任务成为可能。 [随学随练] 单项填空 He finds ________ difficult ________ something special for his parents. A．that; to buy B．it; to buy C．it; buy D．this; buying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他发现为父母买一些特别的东西很难。 考查it作形式宾语的用法。that那个，to buy买；it它，to buy买； it它，buy买；this这个，buying买。句中“find…difficult”后接不定式“to buy something special”作真正的宾语，需用it作形式宾语，构成“find it+adj.+to do”结构。故选B。 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) With the _________ (支持) of Mr Wu, they finished their task quickly. 【答案】support 【详解】句意：在吴老师的支持下，他们很快就完成了任务。括号内中文提示“支持”，对应的名词是support。固定句型With the support of sb.，意为“在某人的支持/帮助下”。故填support。 (2) The ________ (铁路) station is very crowded during the holiday. 【答案】railway 【详解】句意：在假期期间，火车站人非常多。根据中文提示，railway“铁路”符合题意，railway station“火车站”，固定短语。故填railway。 (3) The children played on the ________ (含沙的) beach all afternoon. 【答案】sandy 【详解】句意：孩子们整个下午都在沙滩上玩耍。sandy“含沙的”，形容词作定语修饰名词beach。故填sandy。 (4) The hospital faced a blood ________ (短缺) during the crisis. 【答案】shortage 【详解】句意：这家医院在危机期间面临血液短缺。根据“a blood”提示，需填可数名词单数形式作宾语。“短缺”为名词shortage。 (5) Silk was one of the most popular ________ (产品) along the Silk Road. 【答案】products 【详解】句意：丝绸是丝绸之路上最受欢迎的产品之一。“产品”的英文表达为product；句中“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，因此product需使用复数形式products。 (6) Many students now use ______ (数字的) textbooks on their iPads. 【答案】digital 【详解】句意：现在许多学生在他们的iPad上使用数字教科书。“数字的”对应的英文单词是“digital”，在这里作形容词修饰名词“textbooks”，表示“数字教科书”，故填digital。 (7) I need to clean out the d________(尘土) from my bookshelf. 【答案】dirt 【详解】句意：我需要清理书架上的尘土。根据汉语提示 “尘土” 及首字母 “d” ，对应的英文单词是 “dirt” ，它是不可数名词，在此处作 “clean out” 的宾语，故填dirt。 (8) Scientists found that these leaves turned yellow for l________ (缺乏) of light. 【答案】lack/ack 【详解】句意：科学家们发现，这些叶子因缺乏光线而变黄。根据汉语提示，结合首字母l可知，此处应用名词lack，lack of表示“缺乏……”，表示抽象的“缺乏、不足”，没有明确的数量，视为不可数名词。 (9) The local ________ (政府) provides free books for poor students. 【答案】government 【详解】句意：当地政府为贫困学生提供免费书籍。 括号中文提示“政府”对应的英文单词是government；空格前形容词local修饰名词，句中谓语动词provides为第三人称单数形式，说明主语是单数，因此填单数名词government。 (10) The new road is w________ (宽的) enough for six cars to run side by side. 【答案】wide/ide 【详解】句意：这条新路宽得足以让六辆车并排行驶。根据句意和首字母以及括号内提示词可推断这里表示“宽的”，wide“宽的”，形容词作表语。故填wide。 (11) Scientists are working to improve poor ________ (土壤) in dry areas for better crop growth. 【答案】soil 【详解】句意：科学家们正致力于改善干旱地区贫瘠的土壤，以获得更好的收成。根据括号内中文提示“土壤”，对应的英文单词是soil，不可数名词。 (12) The endless ________ (玉米) field looks golden in the sun. 【答案】corn 【详解】句意：一望无际的玉米地在阳光下看起来金灿灿的。括号内的中文“玉米”对应的英文单词为corn，此处名词作定语修饰field，表示“玉米田”，名词作定语时通常使用单数形式。 (13) The ________ (吸引力) of online travel is that it’s cheap and time-saving. 【答案】attraction 【详解】句意：在线旅游的吸引力在于它经济又省时。空格前是定冠词The，需要填名词作主语，attraction为名词，意为“吸引力”。故填attraction。 (14) Shenzhen has developed from a small fishing village into a world-famous ________ (高科技的) city. 【答案】high-tech 【详解】句意：深圳已经从一个小渔村发展成世界闻名的高科技城市。high-tech“高科技的”，形容词作定语。故填high-tech。 (15) The 2026 Spring Festival Gala (春晚) will ________ ________ (发生，进行)on February 16th, 2026. 【答案】take place 【详解】句意：2026年春晚将于2026年2月16日举行。根据“will”可知，横线处需填动词原形构成一般将来时，结合中文提示“发生，进行”，可知应用动词短语take place“发生，进行”。故填take place。 (16) 这座古镇如今被茂密的树木覆盖。 The old town ________ ________ ________ thick trees now. 【答案】 is covered with 【详解】原句中“被…… 覆盖”为关键词，需用固定被动短语be covered with；时间标志词now提示使用一般现在时，主语The old town是单数，be动词用is，故填is；covered；with。 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) Too much pressure will ________ (great) affect teenagers’ mental health. 【答案】greatly 【详解】句意：太多的压力会极大地影响青少年的心理健康。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中修饰动词“affect”，需使用副词形式。great对应的副词形式为greatly，意为“极大地，非常”。 (2) Shanghai Disneyland is one of the main ________ in Shanghai. (attract) 【答案】attractions 【详解】句意：上海迪士尼乐园是上海的主要景点之一。根据提示词attract及句子结构可知，此处需要表达“景点”这一名词概念，one of后需接可数名词复数形式，因此先将动词attract变为名词attraction，再变为复数形式attractions，故填attractions。 (3) The coat is ________ (dirt) and you have to wash it. 【答案】dirty 【详解】句意：这件外套脏了，你必须洗一洗。dirt“灰尘”，名词。根据“you have to wash it.”可知，此处是指外套脏了所以得洗。dirty“脏的”，形容词。故填dirty。 (4) In Harbin, the ground is often ________ (cover) with thick snow in winter. 【答案】covered 【详解】句意：在哈尔滨，冬天地面经常被厚厚的雪覆盖。根据题干，空格处需填入动词的过去分词形式，与前面的is构成被动语态，表示“被覆盖”。故填covered。 (5) The rain ________ (short) makes crops grow slowly in Turpan every year. 【答案】shortage 【详解】句意：由于缺雨，吐鲁番的庄稼每年都长得很慢。结合“The rain...makes crops grow slowly”可知，这里是指缺雨，这里要填一个名词，作主语，所以这里要填short的名词形式shortage，意为“短缺”。 (6) The road was ________ (sand) and difficult to drive on. 【答案】sandy 【详解】句意：道路是沙质的并且难以驾驶。此处用形容词作表语，sandy意为“多沙的”，形容词。故填sandy。 (7) The Internet is ________ (wide) used in most families in our country today. 【答案】widely 【详解】句意：如今互联网在我国大多数家庭中被广泛使用。空格处修饰动词used需要用副词，wide是形容词“广泛的”，其副词形式为widely“广泛地”。 (8) When I was young, my parents used to _________ (take) me to the parks. 【答案】take 【详解】句意：当我还小的时候，我的父母常常带我去公园。根据提示可知，此处考查used to do“过去常做某事”。句中缺动词原形，用take。 (9) It took me an hour ________ (get) to Beijing by plane. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：我坐飞机花了一个小时到达北京。句子使用了固定句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，因此此处需要用动词不定式to get。 (10) Many ________ (local) like the new changes of their community. 【答案】locals 【详解】句意：许多本地人喜欢他们社区的新变化。空前有“many”，此处用可数名词的复数形式，local的复数形式为locals。 (11) The Amazon rainforest provides ________(ton) of carbon dioxide each year. 【答案】tons 【详解】句意：亚马逊雨林每年吸收大量的二氧化碳。ton“吨”，“tons of”是固定搭配，意为“大量的；许多的”，用来修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数。故填tons。 (12) My school also ________ (organize) some games last month and  everyone had a great time. 【答案】organized 【详解】句意：我们学校上个月也组织了一些活动，每个人都玩得很开心。句中的时间状语是“last month”，表示过去发生的动作，因此句子要用一般过去时。括号里的动词是organize，一般过去时的形式是organized。 (13) Over the past year, millions of people ________ (share) pictures online under the theme “Color Walk”. 【答案】have shared 【详解】句意：在过去的一年里，数百万人在“彩色漫步”主题下在网上分享了照片。根据时间状语“Over the past year”提示，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时have/has+过去分词。主语millions of people为复数，助动词用have，share的过去分词是shared。 (14) The firemen _________ (control) the fire. You are out of danger now. 【答案】have controlled 【详解】句意：消防队员已经控制了火势。你现在脱离了危险。根据“You are out of danger now.”可知，此处指的是“已经控制了火势”，表达影响性，所以用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语是复数名词“The firemen”，所以此处应用have，故填have controlled。 3. 单项填空 (1) When I felt sad, my parents were always there to offer ________ by spending time with me. A．information B．support C．training D．health 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我难过的时候，我的父母总会陪伴在我身边给予支持。 information信息；support支持；training训练；health健康。根据“When I felt sad”和“by spending time with me”可知，父母在难过时陪伴我，是给予情感上的支持，应填support。 (2) —How was your trip to the West Lake? —Wonderful! It’s a perfect ______ with peaceful waters and classic bridges! A．attraction B．communication C．introduction D．situation 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你的西湖之旅怎么样？——太棒了！它是一个完美的景点，有宁静的水域和经典的桥梁！ attraction景点；communication交流；introduction介绍；situation情况。根据“trip to the West Lake”以及”peaceful waters and classic bridges”可知，此处是在描述西湖是一个旅游胜地，应选attraction。 (3) China has seen rapid development in the past years. Many high-tech ________ are made in China. A．products B．companies C．industries D．factories 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国在过去几年经历了快速发展。许多高科技产品是中国制造的。 考查名词辨析。products产品；companies公司；industries工业；factories工厂。根据“...are made in China”可知，此处强调很多高科技产品是在中国制造的。故选A。 (4) —Online shopping provides us with great convenience. —That’s right. It offers a ________ choice of goods so we can find everything we need. A．bright B．wide C．natural D．thick 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——网上购物给我们提供了极大的便利。——没错。它提供了广泛的商品选择，这样我们就能找到所需的一切。 bright明亮的/聪明的；wide广泛的/宽阔的；natural自然的；thick厚的。根据“choice of goods” (商品选择) 和“so we can find everything we need”可知，网上购物提供的商品选择范围很广，应填“wide”。 (5) Football is ________ played on the fields by adults ________ children. A．widely; as well B．wide; as well as C．widely; as well as D．wide; as well as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：成年人和孩子们都普遍在操场上踢足球。 考查副词和连词。widely普遍地，副词；wide广泛的，形容词；as well也，置于句尾；as well as和，以及。第一空，根据“played”可知，此处应用副词widely修饰动词played，排除B项和D项；第二空，根据“by adults... children”可知，此处指成年人和孩子们，应用as well as连接并列成分，排除A项。故选C。 (6) — Mike ________ so much in the past two years. — Yeah, he ________ be shy, but now he is confident and active. A．has changed; used to B．changed; is used to C．changed; used to D．has changed; is used to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——迈克在过去的两年里改变了很多。——是啊，他过去常常很害羞，但现在他既自信又活跃。 第一空，根据时间状语“in the past two years”可知，句子使用现在完成时，结构为have/has + 过去分词，主语Mike是第三人称单数，所以用has changed；第二空，used to意为“过去常常”，is used to意为“习惯于”。根据“but now he is confident and active”可知，此处表示过去害羞现在不了，应使用used to。 (7) There used to ________ a beautiful lake near Helen’s house. When she was a child, she was used to ________ a walk around it after supper. A．have; take B．have; taking C．be; take D．be; taking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：海伦家附近曾经有一个美丽的湖。当她还是一个孩子时，她习惯晚饭后绕着它散步。 考查there be句型和used相关短语。used to do sth“曾经/过去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth“习惯于做某事”。第一空，根据“There used to... a beautiful lake near Helen’s house.”可知，此处表示曾经有一个美丽的湖，应用“There used to be...”结构，排除A项和B项；第二空，根据“she was used to... a walk around it after supper.”可知，此处指海伦习惯晚饭后绕着它散步，应填taking，排除C项。故选D。 (8) My grandmother takes a walk every day. She ________ the habit twenty years ago. A．was developing B．developed C．has developed D．develops 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我祖母每天散步。她二十年前养成了这个习惯。 “twenty years ago”是表示过去的时间状语，时态应用一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式developed，表示“养成”。 (9) The Internet makes ________ possible for everyone ________ education anywhere and anytime. A．it; get B．it; getting C．that; to get D．it; to get 【答案】D 【详解】句意：互联网使每个人在任何时间任何地点获得教育成为可能。 考查it的固定句型。此处是结构make it possible for sb. to do sth.“使做某事对某人来说是可能的”，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式。故选D。 (10) — What interests you the most when you come to our village for the second time? — It’s the great change. It has ________ everywhere in the village. A．pulled down B．fallen into C．taken place D．taken off 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——当你第二次来我们村庄时，什么最让你感兴趣？——是巨大的变化。村庄里到处都发生了变化。 pulled down拆毁；fallen into落入；taken place发生；taken off起飞。根据“It’s the great change.”可知此处指变化发生，taken place符合语境。 4. 选择填空 选择方框中的词填空，每词限用一次，注意使用适当形式。 railway；soil；lack；product；greatly；housing；digital；wide；support；socialist (1) Great changes have taken place in our new ______ village these years. 【答案】socialist 【详解】句意：这些年我们的社会主义新农村发生了巨大变化。socialist 作形容词，意为 “社会主义的”，修饰名词 village；new socialist village 是固定表达，意为 “社会主义新农村”。 (2) A new ______ runs through our town, making trips much more convenient. 【答案】railway 【详解】句意：一条新铁路贯穿我们小镇，使得出行方便多了。railway 作名词，意为 “铁路”，空前有不定冠词 a，此处用单数形式。 (3) Farmers used to face ______ of water, but now they have enough for crops. 【答案】lack 【详解】句意：农民从前面临缺水问题，如今灌溉水源充足。lack 作名词，意为 “短缺，不足”；lack of 为固定搭配，表示 “缺乏...”。 (4) The rich ______ grows good rice and vegetables for us. 【答案】soil 【详解】句意：肥沃的土壤为我们孕育优质稻米和蔬菜。soil 作不可数名词，意为 “土壤，泥土”，符合农田语境。 (5) Local ______ like fresh fruit are sold online to all over the country. 【答案】products 【详解】句意：新鲜水果等本地农产品通过网络销往全国各地。product 为可数名词，意为 “产品”；后文 be 动词为 are，主语需用复数形式 products。 (6) People’s lives have ______ improved with the help of the government. 【答案】greatly 【详解】句意：在政府的帮扶下，人们的生活得到了极大改善。greatly 作副词，意为 “极大地，大大地”，修饰动词 improved。 (7) The government offers money to ______ poor families in villages. 【答案】support 【详解】句意：政府拨款扶持村里的困难家庭。support 此处作动词，意为 “扶持，帮助”；不定式符号 to 后接动词原形。 (8) The ______ conditions have improved a lot in my hometown. Many people now live in a three-storey house. 【答案】housing 【详解】句意：我家乡的住房条件改善了很多，现在很多人都住进了三层小楼。housing 作名词，意为 “住房；住宅”，housing conditions 表示 “住房条件”。 (9) Jenny has a wonderful ______ camera and he has taken lots of photos. 【答案】digital 【详解】句意：珍妮有一台很棒的数码相机，她拍了很多照片。digital 作形容词，意为 “数码的、数字的”，digital camera意为 “数码相机”，修饰名词 camera。 (10) Roads are much ______ than they were ten years ago. 【答案】wider 【详解】句意：道路比十年前宽阔了许多。wide 是形容词，意为 “宽阔的”；句中有比较级标志词 than，需变为比较级 wider；much 修饰比较级，表 “…… 得多”。 5. 翻译句子 (1) 对于青少年来说，防范任何可能的危险是很重要的。 【答案】It’s important for teenagers to guard against any possible danger. (2) 当地政府已经修建了两个新的公园。 【答案】Local government has built two new parks. (3) 在过去，我的家乡不同铁路。 【答案】In the past, there was no railways in my hometown. In the past, there used to be no railways in my hometown. (4) 在过去的一些年以来，农民们在网上售卖当地产品，他们的生活极大的改善了。 【答案】Over the past few years, farmers have sold local products online and their lives have greatly improved. (5) 很多村民以前在大城市工作。现在他们已经回到了农村。 【答案】Many villagers used to work in big cities.Now they have returned to the countryside. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The Changing World 核心知识点精讲 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语，斜体为听力文本中短语) 1. *bring about 带来；引起 2. take place 发生；举行 3. over the years 多年来；这些年 4. used to 过去常常；曾经 5. *be covered with... 被…覆盖 6. farmland shortage 耕地短缺 7. lack of... 缺乏…；缺少… 8. all the time 一直；总是 9. get smaller and smaller 变得越来越小 10. improve local lives 改善当地居民生活 11. over the last 20 years 在过去 20 年间 12. tons of 大量的；许多；成吨的 13. a tourist attraction 一处旅游景点 14. sell products online 线上售卖产品 15. all over 遍及；到处 16. a new socialist village 社会主义新农村 17. in one’s opinion 在某人看来；依某人之见 18. in the last 10 years 在过去十年里 19. each other 互相；彼此 20. for ages 很久；很长一段时间 21. as well as 和；也；除…… 之外还有 22. digital books 电子书 23. audio books 有声书 24. in the past 在过去；从前 25. dirt tracks 土路；泥土小路 26. develop industry 发展工业 27. thousands of 成千上万的；数千的 28. as a result 因此；结果 2、 重点词汇解析 1. shortage /ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/ n.短缺 [词汇拓展] short(adj.)短的；短缺的 [词汇搭配] farmland shortage农田短缺；water shortage水短缺；a shortage of...短缺... [词汇例句] There is no shortage of things to do in the town.城里不愁找不到活儿干。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Water ________ is one of the biggest problems in the world, and we must take action to save every drop of it. A．shortage B．action C．collection D．invention 2. lack /læk/n. & v.缺乏 [词汇拓展] lacking(adj.)缺乏的，不足的 [词汇搭配] lack of technology缺乏科技；no lack of 不乏...；be lacking in...缺乏，不足 [词汇用法] · lack常用作不可数名词，表示“缺乏”，有时也前加a。 There was no lack of volunteers. 志愿者不乏其人。 · lack也可以作及物动词，表示“缺乏”；也用be lacking in...的表达。 He lacked confidence. 他缺乏信心。 She's not usually lacking in confidence. 她平时并不缺乏自信心。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Stress and ________ of sleep may damage your health. A．emotion B．sand C．lack D．manner 3. sandy/ ˈsændi/ adj. 铺满沙子的；含沙的；(头发)沙土色的，沙褐色的，浅棕色的 [词汇拓展] sand(n.)沙子 [词汇搭配] a sandy beach沙滩；sandy soil沙质土壤 [词汇例句] The red sandy beaches attract many tourists every summer.每年夏天，红色沙滩吸引了很多游客。 4. government/ ˈɡʌvənmənt/n.政府 [词汇拓展] govern(n.)统治，管理 [词汇搭配] with the government’s support在政府的支持下；government officials政府官员 [词汇例句] The government has already stopped mobile phone use in schools. 政府已经禁止在学校使用手 机。 [随学随练] 单项填空 In order to make our hometown more popular, the local________has started lots of projects to attract tourists. A．hospital B．government C．factory D．university 5. support/səˈpɔːt/n. & v.支持；帮助，援助；养活，赡养；支撑 [词汇拓展] supportive(adj.)支持的；supporter(n.)支持者 [词汇搭配] support sb./sth.支持某人/某事；give sb. lots of support给予某人很多的帮助 [词汇例句] When we face difficulties, our teammates can cheer us up and give us support.当我们面临困难时， 我们的队友会为我们加油打气，给予我们支持。 [随学随练] —I want to take part in the school running race，but I’m a little nervous. —Don’t worry. All of us will ________ you. Just do your best! A．provide B．accept C．support D．double 6. corn /kɔːn/n.玉米；谷物 [词汇拓展] corncob(n.)玉米芯;；popcorn(n.)爆米花；sweetcorn(n.)甜玉米 [词汇搭配] corn fields玉米田； an ear of corn一整根玉米；一穗玉米；corn silk玉米须 corn husk玉米皮；corn on the cob玉米棒子（含玉米粒、不带皮） [词汇用法] corn用作不可数名词。 “一根玉米”表达成“an ear of corn”，“一粒玉米”表达成“a piece of corn”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The little girl wanted to buy a ________ for lunch, but her mother didn’t agree. A．popcorn B．sandwich C．juice D．corn 7. high-tech /ˌhaɪ ˈtek/adj.高科技的 [词汇拓展] high(adj.)高的；technology(n.)科技 [词汇搭配] high-tech greenhouses高科技温室；high-tech products高科技产品 high-tech industries高科技产业 [词汇例句] Modern high-speed rail network also brought them convenient travelling experience.现代高速铁路 网络也为他们带来了便捷的出行体验。 8. railway/ˈreɪlweɪ/n.铁路 [词汇拓展] rail(n.)铁轨；轨道；railroad(n.)(北美英语)铁路；railwayman(n.)铁路工人；铁路员工 [词汇搭配] a railway station火车站 [词汇例句] There used to be no railways in the town.这个镇子过去没有铁路。 9. attraction /əˈtrækʃn/ n.向往的地方；吸引力 [词汇拓展] attract (v.)吸引；引起；attractive(adj.)吸引人的；有魅力的 [词汇搭配] tourist attraction 旅游景点 [词汇例句] The beautiful scenery has a strong attraction for tourists.美丽的风景对游客有着强烈的吸引力。 [随学随练] 用attraction适当形式填空 (1) There are 27 main tourist   in total in this area.  (2) The wide grasslands, blue lakes and wonderful flower fields  millions of visitors from home and abroad every year.  (3) He bought a big house with an garden. 10. product/ˈprɒdʌkt/n.产品 [词汇拓展] produce (v.)生产；产出；production(n.)生产；产量；productive (adj.)多产的；富有成效的 productivity (n.)生产力；生产率 [词汇搭配] sell products online在线上售卖产品；local products当地产品 [词汇例句] Chinese technology and products have been important in Western life for decades.几十年来，中国 技术和产品在西方生活中一直占据重要地位 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The shop sells different kinds of __________ from all over the world. A．product B．products C．produce D．production (2) More and more people are using AI ________. Maybe I can consider buying one. A．customers B．thoughts C．products D．choices 11. greatly/ˈɡreɪtli/adv.大大地；非常 [词汇拓展] great(adj.)大的，伟大的；greatness(n.)伟大；卓越 [词汇搭配] greatly improve our lives大大改善我们的生活 [词汇例句] Small acts can greatly change people’s daily life.小的行为能极大改变人们的日常生活。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —The book is helpful and it helps me ________ in my daily life. —That’s good. I plan to read it, too. A．quietly B．quickly C．nearly D．greatly 12. socialist/ ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/adj. & n. 社会主义的；社会主义者 [词汇拓展] social (adj.)社会的；社交的；society (n.)社会；社团；socialism(n.)社会主义 [词汇搭配] a new socialist village 社会主义新农村；a socialist country社会主义国家 [词汇例句] The Communist Party of China is now leading the nation toward building a great modern socialist country.中国共产党正引领国家朝着建设社会主义现代化强国的目标迈进。 13. digital/ˈdɪdʒɪtl/adj. 电子的；数字的 [词汇拓展] digitally (adv.) 数字化地；digitize (v.) 使数字化；digitization (n.) 数字化 [词汇搭配] digital books电子书；a digital camera数码照相机 [词汇例句] Many students use digital dictionaries to look up new words.很多学生用电子词典来查找新单词。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The library provides a large number of ________ resources (资源) for teachers and students to search for online. A．digital B．basic C．clear D．quick 14. dirt /dɜːt/n.泥土；尘土；污物 [词汇拓展] dirty (adj.)脏的；(v.) 弄脏 [词汇搭配] dirt tracks 泥路；treat sb like dirt 视某人如粪土；把…视为草芥；蔑视 [词汇例句] First remove the dirt from the surface.先把表面的尘土去掉。 15. track /træk/n.小路；轨道；跑道，赛道；足迹，踪迹 [词汇拓展] racetrack(n.)跑道，赛道； [词汇搭配] track and field 田径运动；railway tracks铁轨；fast track捷径;快速成功之道 back on track恢复正常；keep/lose track of sb/sth了解/不了解…的动态；与…保持/失去联系 [词汇例句] We followed the bear's tracks in the snow. 我们跟着熊在雪地上留下的足迹走。 [随学随练] 用track的相关表达补全句子或翻译句子 (1) 我们沿着一条崎岖的山间小路再度出发。 We set off once more, over a rough . (2) 她曾经是一名田径运动员。 (3) 幸好，现在一切都回到了正轨。 Thankfully, everything is  now.  (4) 你是否曾经在全神贯注地做某事时，以至于忘记了时间？ Have you ever  doing something so that you  ? 16. wide /waɪd/adj. 宽的；宽阔的；大量地，广泛的 [词汇拓展] widely (adv.)广泛地；大大地；width(n.)宽度；widen(v.)拓宽；加宽 [词汇搭配] wide roads宽的马路；200 meters wide 两百米宽；a wide audience大批观众 [词汇例句] How wide is that stream? 那条小溪有多宽？ [随学随练] 用wide的适当形式填空 (1) It's about 10 metres in . (2) How is the table? (3) The activity students’ understanding of local culture. (4) The idea is now accepted. 3、 重难句型解析 1. 现在完成时句型 (教材原句)How has life changed in your hometown over the last 20 years? (教材原句)The government has built thousands of kilometers of railways, and wide roads. 现在完成时可以表示过去发生的动作持续到现在完成；也可以用于描述过去发生动作对现在产生了影响。其谓语动词由“have/has+动词过去分词”结构构成。 如：They have been to Beijing four times. 他们已经去过四次北京了。 Judy has cleaned her room. Judy已经打扫过房间了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我家乡在过去的20年中发生了巨大的变化。 (2) 爸爸已经把车修好了。明天我们可以开车去博物馆了。 2. 一般过去时句型 (教材原句)He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. (教材原句)We used to have to travel far to see a doctor. 一般过去时用于描述过去发生的动作或存在的状态。其谓语动词通常由动词过去式构成。“used to +动词原形”结构表示“过去常常，曾经...”，也可以用于描述过去发生的动作或状态。 如：There was no gym in our school. 我们学校以前没有体育馆。 He used to be a doctor. 他曾经是名医生。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 10年前，他在乡村的一家小医院工作。 (2) 这里曾经有一个小湖。 3. 定语从句 (教材原句)Yes, we've changed the way we farm. 本句中we farm是一个定语从句修饰前面的the way。the way作先行词(被定语从句修饰的名词)，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句的引导词用in which或that，也可以省略。 如：We can see differences when we pay attention to the way words are used. 当我们留意词语的使用方式时， 就能发现其中的差别。 4. 比较状语从句 (教材原句)They are much richer and happier than they once were. 比较状语从句常用结构为“比较级+than+从句”。 如：He is much taller than he was five years ago. 他比五年前高多了。 4、 其他知识解析 1. used to用法 (教材原句)Many young people used to work in big cities. (教材原句)In many places, there used to be no bridges to cross over mountains and rivers,... “used to +动词原形”结构表示“过去常常，曾经...”，也可以用于描述过去发生的动作或状态。 there be与used to结构连用，组成“there used to be ”结构，表示“以前有...”，此结构中be不能替换成have。 如：There used to be a tall tree here. 这儿以前有一个大树。 此外还有“be used to+n./doing”结构，表示“适应于...，习惯于...”。 如：He used to drive to work, but now he is used to walking. 他过去开车去上班，但现在已经习惯了走路。 [随学随练] 单项填空 He ________ go to the park for a walk, but now he ________ staying at home. A．used to; used to B．is used to; used to C．used to; is used to D．is used to; is used to 2. “情态动词+have done”结构 (教材原句)Wow, the new highway and railway must have helped a lot! 本句中must have helped是“must have done”结构，表示对于过去的肯定推测，可以意为“一定已经做了，肯定做了”。类似结构有“could have done”表示“本可以做...”(实际上没做)；“should have done”表示“本应该做...”(实际上没做)；“may have done”表示“可能做了...”(对过去的不太肯定的推测)。 如：She must have told a lie, because her eyes were avoiding mine.她一定撒谎了，因为她的目光在躲避我。 You should have warned him of the danger. 你本应该提醒他注意危险的。 3. it充当形式主语 (教材原句)In the past, it was difficult to travel in Guizhou. (教材原句)When I first visited here, it took half a day to reach the town. 第一句中it充当形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。 在句型It takes/took (sb.)+时间段+to do...中，it也用作形式主语，如第二句。 如：It is important to think twice before making a decision.  做决定前三思是很重要的。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 ________ is necessary for us ________ read good books. A．It; to B．That; to C．That; is D．This; is 4. it充当形式宾语 (教材原句)This made it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. 此句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。 在一些动词如find，think，consider，feel，make等后常用it作形式宾语，再跟宾语补足语，再将真正的宾语不定式形式放在最后。 如：She found it hard to answer the question.她觉得回答这个问题很难。 The new method makes it possible to complete the task faster.新方法使得更快地完成任务成为可能。 [随学随练] 单项填空 He finds ________ difficult ________ something special for his parents. A．that; to buy B．it; to buy C．it; buy D．this; buying 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) With the _________ (支持) of Mr Wu, they finished their task quickly. (2) The ________ (铁路) station is very crowded during the holiday. (3) The children played on the ________ (含沙的) beach all afternoon. (4) The hospital faced a blood ________ (短缺) during the crisis. (5) Silk was one of the most popular ________ (产品) along the Silk Road. (6) Many students now use ______ (数字的) textbooks on their iPads. (7) I need to clean out the d________(尘土) from my bookshelf. (8) Scientists found that these leaves turned yellow for l________ (缺乏) of light. (9) The local ________ (政府) provides free books for poor students. (10) The new road is w________ (宽的) enough for six cars to run side by side. (11) Scientists are working to improve poor ________ (土壤) in dry areas for better crop growth. (12) The endless ________ (玉米) field looks golden in the sun. (13) The ________ (吸引力) of online travel is that it’s cheap and time-saving. (14) Shenzhen has developed from a small fishing village into a world-famous ________ (高科技的) city. (15) The 2026 Spring Festival Gala (春晚) will ________ ________ (发生，进行)on February 16th, 2026. (16) 这座古镇如今被茂密的树木覆盖。 The old town ________ ________ ________ thick trees now. 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) Too much pressure will ________ (great) affect teenagers’ mental health. (2) Shanghai Disneyland is one of the main ________ in Shanghai. (attract) (3) The coat is ________ (dirt) and you have to wash it. (4) In Harbin, the ground is often ________ (cover) with thick snow in winter. (5) The rain ________ (short) makes crops grow slowly in Turpan every year. (6) The road was ________ (sand) and difficult to drive on. (7) The Internet is ________ (wide) used in most families in our country today. (8) When I was young, my parents used to _________ (take) me to the parks. (9) It took me an hour ________ (get) to Beijing by plane. (10) Many ________ (local) like the new changes of their community. (11) The Amazon rainforest provides ________(ton) of carbon dioxide each year. (12) My school also ________ (organize) some games last month and  everyone had a great time. (13) Over the past year, millions of people ________ (share) pictures online under the theme “Color Walk”. (14) The firemen _________ (control) the fire. You are out of danger now. 3. 单项填空 (1) When I felt sad, my parents were always there to offer ________ by spending time with me. A．information B．support C．training D．health (2) —How was your trip to the West Lake? —Wonderful! It’s a perfect ______ with peaceful waters and classic bridges! A．attraction B．communication C．introduction D．situation (3) China has seen rapid development in the past years. Many high-tech ________ are made in China. A．products B．companies C．industries D．factories (4) —Online shopping provides us with great convenience. —That’s right. It offers a ________ choice of goods so we can find everything we need. A．bright B．wide C．natural D．thick (5) Football is ________ played on the fields by adults ________ children. A．widely; as well B．wide; as well as C．widely; as well as D．wide; as well as (6) — Mike ________ so much in the past two years. — Yeah, he ________ be shy, but now he is confident and active. A．has changed; used to B．changed; is used to C．changed; used to D．has changed; is used to (7) There used to ________ a beautiful lake near Helen’s house. When she was a child, she was used to ________ a walk around it after supper. A．have; take B．have; taking C．be; take D．be; taking (8) My grandmother takes a walk every day. She ________ the habit twenty years ago. A．was developing B．developed C．has developed D．develops (9) The Internet makes ________ possible for everyone ________ education anywhere and anytime. A．it; get B．it; getting C．that; to get D．it; to get (10) — What interests you the most when you come to our village for the second time? — It’s the great change. It has ________ everywhere in the village. A．pulled down B．fallen into C．taken place D．taken off 4. 选择填空 选择方框中的词填空，每词限用一次，注意使用适当形式。 railway；soil；lack；product；greatly；housing；digital；wide；support；socialist (1) Great changes have taken place in our new ______ village these years. (2) A new ______ runs through our town, making trips much more convenient. (3) Farmers used to face ______ of water, but now they have enough for crops. (4) The rich ______ grows good rice and vegetables for us. (5) Local ______ like fresh fruit are sold online to all over the country. (6) People’s lives have ______ improved with the help of the government. (7) The government offers money to ______ poor families in villages. (8) The ______ conditions have improved a lot in my hometown. Many people now live in a three-storey house. (9) Jenny has a wonderful ______ camera and he has taken lots of photos. (10) Roads are much ______ than they were ten years ago. 5. 翻译句子 (1) 对于青少年来说，防范任何可能的危险是很重要的。 (2) 当地政府已经修建了两个新的公园。 (3) 在过去，我的家乡不同铁路。 (4) 在过去的一些年以来，农民们在网上售卖当地产品，他们的生活极大的改善了。 (5) 很多村民以前在大城市工作。现在他们已经回到了农村。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $