Unit 8 Focusing on culture：《时间机器》（节选）2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语导学案围绕《时间机器》节选展开，引导学生理解dimension等核心词汇，通过扫读梳理五位角色对时间旅行的态度。读前以“科幻作家如何想象未来”讨论导入，结合预测活动激活思维，借助表格、句式等学习支架搭建阅读阶梯。 资料特色在于梯级任务设计与多元支架辅助，从信息检索到细节精读再到词汇突破，层层递进。通过小组讨论和阶梯式写作，培养学生辩证思维与表达能力，感受经典科幻魅力，提升语言能力与文化意识，适合八年级学生自主探究与教师教学评估。

八年级英语阅读学案：《时间机器》（节选） An Excerpt from The Time Machine (by H.G. Wells) 班级: ________________ 姓名: ________________ 学号: ________________ 得分: ___________ 一【学习目标 (Learning Objectives)】 语言能力：通过文中词汇释义支架，理解并识记 dimension, from the cradle to the grave, nonsense, vague 等核心词汇与短语； 阅读策略：通过阅读微支架，扫读（Scanning）并梳理文中五位角色对‘时间旅行’的不同态度； 思维品质：通过表格支架和句式支架，探究科幻小说作者如何展开想象，辩证看待‘时间 travel’的可能性，学会表达个人观点； 文化品格：感受经典科幻文学的魅力，激发探索科学与未来世界的强烈好奇心。 ----------------- 📚 阅读探究正式开始 (Worksheet Content) ----------------- 二、 读前启发：唤醒思维 (Pre-reading: Thinking Warm-up) Discussion: How do science fiction authors imagine possible futures? 科幻小说作家是如何想象未来的？在阅读小说前，让我们一起开启想象之门吧！ 我的奇思妙想 (My Prediction): I want to travel to the year... because I want to see..._ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 三、 读中探究：梯级信息检索 (While-reading: Information Retrieval) Activity 1: Scan the text and find out how the characters in the story think of time travel. (快速扫读课文，找出故事中的人物对‘时间旅行’的态度。完成以下表格。) Character (人物) Identity (身份) Attitude (态度：支持/反对/怀疑) Key Clue from the text (文章线索/台词) The Medical Man 医生 / 医学家 Opposing / Doubting (反对/怀疑)(________________) "But you can't move at all in Time. We can't get away from the present moment." The Time Traveller 时间旅行者（主角） Supporting / Believing (支持/坚信)(________________) "Our thoughts pass along the Time-Dimension... if I am remembering an event very clearly, I go back to the moment..." The Psychologist 心理学家 Opposing (反对/认同医生)(________________) He agreed with the Medical Man: "You can move about in all directions of Space, but you can't move about in Time." Filby 菲尔比（客人之一） Strongly Opposing (极力反对/认为胡扯)(________________) "Oh, this is all nonsense!" and "It's against reason... you will never make me believe." The Very Young Man 年轻的小伙子 Interested / Excited (感兴趣/好奇)(________________) He eagerly completed the sentence: "To travel through Time!" 四、 读中精读：微支架细节微解码 (While-reading: Detailed Analysis) Activity 2: Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. (仔细阅读文本，选择最佳答案。请根据‘名师微支架’进行答题。) Q1. How does the Medical Man argue against moving in Time? [ B ] A. He says humans can only fly in balloons. B. He says we can only move in Space but cannot escape the present moment in Time. C. He says Time is the fourth dimension so we can move freely. D. He believes thoughts can travel. Q2. What example does the Time Traveller use to prove that our minds can already travel in time? [ C ] A. Going up in a balloon to the sky. B. Dreaming about the future. C. Remembering an event very clearly and jumping back to that moment. D. Building a real machine long ago. Q3. How does Filby react to the Time Traveller's ideas? [ B ] A. He is very excited and wants to try. B. He thinks it is all nonsense and against reason. C. He agrees that black is white. D. He nods and agrees with the Psychologist. 五、 读中词汇突破：情境释义与建构 (Language Study: Scaffolding Vocabulary) Activity 3: Focus on key words and phrases. (核心词汇突破。利用释义支架完成学习并做巩固练习。) dimension /daɪˈmenʃn/ n. 维，维度（如三维空间、第四维度） 【课文原句】Time is really only a fourth dimension of Space. 【通俗英文释义】In science and math, a measurement of length, width, or height. Space has 3 dimensions; the Time Traveller believes Time is the 4th. from the cradle to the grave [frəm ðə ˈkreɪdl tu ðə ɡreɪv] 从生到死，一生，一辈子 【课文原句】Our thoughts pass along the Time-Dimension from the cradle to the grave. 【通俗英文释义】cradle意思是摇篮（婴儿期），grave意思是坟墓（生命结束）。这个优美的习语表示 'during one's whole life'. nonsense /ˈnɒnsns/ n. 胡言乱语，荒谬的话，废话 【课文原句】Oh, this is all nonsense! 【通俗英文释义】Ideas or statements that are silly, foolish, or make no sense (non + sense，即‘没有意义’)。 vague /veɪɡ/ adj. 模糊的，不明确的，含糊的 【课文原句】Long ago I had a vague idea of a machine— 【通俗英文释义】Not clear in a person's mind. For example, if you forgot a lesson, your memory might be vague (模糊的). 选词填空冲浪 (Context-based Blank Filling): 【Word Bank / 词汇库】dimension | the cradle to the grave | nonsense | vague Many people in H.G. Wells' time believed that time travel was complete (1) ______. They thought that our thoughts simply pass along the time (2) ______ from (3) ______ without any chance of going backward. However, the Time Traveller had a (4) ______ idea of a machine that could change everything. 六.. 读后迁移：合作探究与阶梯写构 (Post-reading: Project & Writing) Group Discussion (小组畅想活动):Think and Share: What would you do if you had H.G. Wells' Time Machine? 1. Would you like to travel to the past (过去) or the future (未来)? Why? 2. What message or item would you bring with you? Guided Writing (阶梯式书面表达):Topic: My Time Travel Plan (我的时间旅行计划) 【写作小助手】基础稍弱的同学，请使用上面的句式，将括号中的部分替换成你自己的想法。写出 3-5 句简单但完整的英文句子即可！ 【句型包 (Helpful Sentence Patterns)】 • If I had a time machine, I would like to travel to... (如果我有一个时间机器，我想去旅行到...) • Because I want to meet / see... (因为我想见/看...) • I will take a/an... with me, because... (我会随身携带一个...，因为...) • I believe that... (我相信...) My Writing Draft (我的写作草稿): ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ =============================================== 参考答案 ( Keys - For Teachers Only)=============================================== 二、 探究活动参考答案 (Reference Answers) 【Activity 1 (快速阅读表格答案)】 见学案 Activity 1 表格。注：Medical Man 与 Psychologist 的态度基本一致，均认为空间能动、时间不能动；Filby 态度最激烈，认为是胡闹（nonsense）；Time Traveller 是坚定的探索者；Very Young Man 抱有好奇与期待。 【Activity 2 (细节理解选择答案)】 1. B | 2. C | 3. B 【Activity 3 (选词填空答案)】 (1) nonsense | (2) dimension | (3) the cradle to the grave | (4) vague 【Activity 4 (优秀书面表达推荐范文)】 One possible student draft (优秀范文推荐给基础偏弱学生模仿): If I had a time machine, I would like to travel to the future. Because I want to see China in the year 2050. I will take a camera with me, because I want to take photos of flying cars. I believe that our future will be very beautiful! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $