2026年人教版(2012)中考动词分类汇总

该初中英语中考复习知识清单全面梳理了核心动词及短语，涵盖肢体动作、感官感知、思考认知、交流沟通等十大主题场景，为学生搭建了从基础动词到固定搭配的系统化知识架构。 清单采用分类整合与情境化应用设计呈现知识体系，如“日常起居”类包含“get up”“put on”等短语并附实用例句，培养学生语言能力。特别标注易混动词辨析，如“see/look/watch”的用法对比，助力学生精准掌握重点，提升学习能力，为教师教学提供清晰的复习框架支持。

中考英语动词 0 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【肢体动作】 run /rʌn/ 跑 walk /wɔːk/ 走 jump /dʒʌmp/ 跳 climb /klaɪm/ 爬 swim /swɪm/ 游泳 dance /dɑːns/ 跳舞 sit /sɪt/ 坐 stand /stænd/ 站 lie /laɪ/ 躺 kick /kɪk/ 踢 throw /θrəʊ/ 扔 catch /kætʃ/ 接住 push /pʊʃ/ 推 pull /pʊl/ 拉 lift /lɪft/ 举起 drop /drɒp/ 掉落 shake /ʃeɪk/ 摇动 wave /weɪv/ 挥手 bend /bend/ 弯曲 stretch /stretʃ/ 伸展 【感官感知】 see /siː/ 看见 look /lʊk/ 看 watch /wɒtʃ/ 观看 hear /hɪər/ 听见 listen /ˈlɪs.ən/ 听 smell /smel/ 闻 taste /teɪst/ 品尝 touch /tʌtʃ/ 触摸 feel /fiːl/ 感觉 notice /ˈnəʊ.tɪs/ 注意到 recognize /ˈrek.əɡ.naɪz/ 认出 observe /əbˈzɜːv/ 观察 stare /steər/ 凝视 glance /ɡlɑːns/ 扫视 spot /spɒt/ 发现 perceive /pəˈsiːv/ 感知 sense /sens/ 感觉到 detect /dɪˈtekt/ 察觉 witness /ˈwɪt.nəs/ 目击 overhear /ˌəʊ.vəˈhɪər/ 无意中听到 【思考认知】 think /θɪŋk/ 思考 believe /bɪˈliːv/ 相信 know /nəʊ/ 知道 understand /ˌʌn.dəˈstænd/ 理解 remember /rɪˈmem.bər/ 记住 forget /fəˈɡet/ 忘记 learn /lɜːn/ 学习 study /ˈstʌd.i/ 学习 guess /ɡes/ 猜测 imagine /ɪˈmædʒ.ɪn/ 想象 consider /kənˈsɪd.ər/ 考虑 suppose /səˈpəʊz/ 假设 realize /ˈrɪə.laɪz/ 意识到 doubt /daʊt/ 怀疑 wonder /ˈwʌn.dər/ 想知道 assume /əˈsjuːm/ 假定 expect /ɪkˈspekt/ 期望 hope /həʊp/ 希望 wish /wɪʃ/ 祝愿 decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ 决定 【交流沟通】 say /seɪ/ 说 tell /tel/ 告诉 speak /spiːk/ 说话 talk /tɔːk/ 交谈 ask /ɑːsk/ 问 answer /ˈɑːn.sər/ 回答 reply /rɪˈplaɪ/ 答复 explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ 解释 describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ 描述 discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ 讨论 argue /ˈɑːɡ.juː/ 争论 shout /ʃaʊt/ 喊叫 whisper /ˈwɪs.pər/ 耳语 call /kɔːl/ 打电话 announce /əˈnaʊns/ 宣布 mention /ˈmen.ʃən/ 提到 state /steɪt/ 陈述 report /rɪˈpɔːt/ 报道 suggest /səˈdʒest/ 建议 insist /ɪnˈsɪst/ 坚持说 【工作生活】 work /wɜːk/ 工作 use /juːz/ 使用 make /meɪk/ 制作 do /duː/ 做 create /kriˈeɪt/ 创造 build /bɪld/ 建造 cook /kʊk/ 烹饪 clean /kliːn/ 清洁 wash /wɒʃ/ 洗 buy /baɪ/ 买 pay /peɪ/ 付款 sell /sel/ 卖 open /ˈəʊ.pən/ 打开 close /kləʊz/ 关闭 start /stɑːt/ 开始 stop /stɒp/ 停止 finish /ˈfɪn.ɪʃ/ 完成 begin /bɪˈɡɪn/ 开始 try /traɪ/ 尝试 help /help/ 帮助 【日常起居】 get up /ɡet ʌp/ 起床 I usually get up at six o'clock. 我通常六点钟起床。 wake up /weɪk ʌp/ 醒来 I woke up early this morning. 今天早上我很早就醒了。 stand up /stænd ʌp/ 起立 Everyone stood up when the teacher entered. 老师进来时大家都起立了。 sit down /sɪt daʊn/ 坐下 Please sit down and make yourself comfortable. 请坐下，别拘束。 lie down /laɪ daʊn/ 躺下 I'm going to lie down for a while. 我要躺一会儿。 turn on /tɜːn ɒn/ 打开 Can you turn on the light? It's too dark. 你能把灯打开吗？太暗了。 turn off /tɜːn ɒf/ 关掉 Please turn off the TV when you leave. 你离开时请关掉电视。 put on /pʊt ɒn/ 穿上 Put on your coat. It's cold outside. 穿上外套，外面冷。 take off /teɪk ɒf/ 脱下 He took off his shoes at the door. 他在门口脱了鞋。 hang up /hæŋ ʌp/ 挂断；挂起 She hung up the phone without saying goodbye. 她没道别就挂了电话。 clean up /kliːn ʌp/ 打扫干净 Let's clean up the kitchen after dinner. 晚饭后我们把厨房打扫干净吧。 wash up /wɒʃ ʌp/ 洗漱；洗碗 I need to wash up before dinner. 晚饭前我得洗漱一下。 dress up /dres ʌp/ 盛装打扮 The kids love to dress up on Halloween. 孩子们喜欢在万圣节盛装打扮。 go out /ɡəʊ aʊt/ 外出 Let's go out for dinner tonight. 今晚我们出去吃饭吧。 come in /kʌm ɪn/ 进来 Please come in and have a seat. 请进来坐。 go back /ɡəʊ bæk/ 回去 I have to go back to the office. 我得回办公室一趟。 stay up /steɪ ʌp/ 熬夜 I stayed up late to finish the report. 我熬夜完成了报告。 sleep in /sliːp ɪn/ 睡懒觉 On weekends I like to sleep in. 周末我喜欢睡懒觉。 set off /set ɒf/ 出发 We set off early to avoid the traffic. 我们早早出发以避开交通拥堵。 take out /teɪk aʊt/ 取出 She took out her wallet to pay. 她取出钱包来付款。 【学习与工作】 look up /lʊk ʌp/ 查阅 I'll look up this word in the dictionary. 我要在词典里查一下这个词。 write down /raɪt daʊn/ 写下 Please write down your name and number. 请写下你的名字和电话号码。 figure out /ˈfɪɡə aʊt/ 弄明白 I can't figure out how to fix this problem. 我弄不明白怎么解决这个问题。 find out /faɪnd aʊt/ 发现 We need to find out what happened. 我们需要查清楚发生了什么。 work on /wɜːk ɒn/ 从事 He is working on a new project. 他正在做一个新项目。 carry out /ˈkæri aʊt/ 执行 The team carried out the plan successfully. 团队成功地执行了计划。 hand in /hænd ɪn/ 提交 Please hand in your homework by Friday. 请在周五之前提交作业。 give up /ɡɪv ʌp/ 放弃 Never give up on your dreams. 永远不要放弃你的梦想。 take up /teɪk ʌp/ 开始从事 She took up painting last year. 她去年开始学画画。 go over /ɡəʊ ˈəʊvə/ 复习 Let's go over the notes before the exam. 考试前我们复习一下笔记吧。 brush up /brʌʃ ʌp/ 温习 I need to brush up on my French before the trip. 出行前我需要温习一下法语。 catch up /kætʃ ʌp/ 赶上 I need to catch up on my work after the vacation. 假期后我需要把工作补上。 fall behind /fɔːl bɪˈhaɪnd/ 落后 He fell behind in his studies during the illness. 生病期间他的学习落后了。 drop out /drɒp aʊt/ 退出 She dropped out of college to start a business. 她大学辍学去创业。 sign up /saɪn ʌp/ 报名 I signed up for a yoga class. 我报名了一个瑜伽课。 keep up /kiːp ʌp/ 保持 Keep up the good work! 继续保持好成绩！ read over /riːd ˈəʊvə/ 通读 Read over the contract before signing it. 签字之前通读一遍合同。 point out /pɔɪnt aʊt/ 指出 He pointed out a few mistakes in my essay. 他指出我文章里的几个错误。 turn in /tɜːn ɪn/ 上交 Turn in your exam papers when you're done. 做完后把试卷交上来。 set up /set ʌp/ 建立 We set up a new office downtown. 我们在市中心设立了新办公室。 【人际与社交】 talk to /tɔːk tuː/ 与……交谈 I need to talk to you about something important. 我需要跟你谈些重要的事。 listen to /ˈlɪsən tuː/ 听 She loves listening to music before bed. 她喜欢睡前听音乐。 look after /lʊk ˈɑːftə/ 照顾 My grandmother looks after the baby during the day. 白天我奶奶照顾宝宝。 take care of /teɪk keər əv/ 照料 Who will take care of the cat while we're away? 我们出门时谁来照料猫？ depend on /dɪˈpend ɒn/ 依赖 You can always depend on your family. 你永远可以依赖你的家人。 rely on /rɪˈlaɪ ɒn/ 信赖 I rely on my best friend for honest advice. 我信赖我最好的朋友给我真诚的建议。 laugh at /lɑːf æt/ 嘲笑 Don't laugh at others when they make mistakes. 别人犯错时不要嘲笑他们。 shout at /ʃaʊt æt/ 对……喊叫 He shouted at the driver who cut him off. 他对那个别他车的司机大喊大叫。 wait for /weɪt fɔː/ 等待 I'll wait for you at the station. 我会在车站等你。 ask for /ɑːsk fɔː/ 请求 She asked for a glass of water. 她要了一杯水。 hear from /hɪə frɒm/ 收到……来信 I haven't heard from him in months. 我好几个月没收到他的消息了。 get along with /ɡet əˈlɒŋ wɪð/ 与……相处 Do you get along with your coworkers? 你和同事相处得好吗？ break up with /breɪk ʌp wɪð/ 与……分手 She broke up with her boyfriend last month. 她上个月和男朋友分手了。 fall in love /fɔːl ɪn lʌv/ 爱上 They fell in love at first sight. 他们一见钟情。 hang out /hæŋ aʊt/ 闲逛 We used to hang out at the mall after school. 我们以前放学后常在商场闲逛。 pick up /pɪk ʌp/ 接人 Can you pick me up from the airport? 你能来机场接我吗？ look for /lʊk fɔː/ 寻找 I'm looking for my keys. Have you seen them? 我在找我的钥匙，你看到了吗？ run into /rʌn ˈɪntuː/ 偶遇 I ran into an old friend at the supermarket. 我在超市偶遇了一位老朋友。 deal with /diːl wɪð/ 处理 How do you deal with stress? 你是怎么处理压力的？ agree with /əˈɡriː wɪð/ 同意 I totally agree with your opinion. 我完全同意你的观点。 【出行与交通】 get on /ɡet ɒn/ 上车 Let's get on the bus before it leaves. 趁车还没走我们快上车吧。 get off /ɡet ɒf/ 下车 We need to get off at the next stop. 我们下一站得下车。 take off /teɪk ɒf/ 起飞 The plane took off on time. 飞机准时起飞了。 pick up /pɪk ʌp/ 接载 The bus picks up passengers every ten minutes. 公交车每十分钟接载一批乘客。 drop off /drɒp ɒf/ 让……下车 I'll drop you off at the station. 我让你在车站下车。 set out /set aʊt/ 动身 We set out on our journey at dawn. 我们黎明时就动身出发了。 head for /hed fɔː/ 前往 We are heading for the airport now. 我们现在正前往机场。 pull over /pʊl ˈəʊvə/ 靠边停车 The police asked him to pull over. 警察让他靠边停车。 speed up /spiːd ʌp/ 加速 The car sped up on the highway. 车在高速公路上加速了。 slow down /sləʊ daʊn/ 减速 Slow down! There's a sharp turn ahead. 减速！前面有个急转弯。 check in /tʃek ɪn/ 办理登机 We need to check in two hours before the flight. 我们需要在起飞前两小时办理登机。 check out /tʃek aʊt/ 退房 You must check out by eleven a.m. 你必须在上午十一点前退房。 see off /siː ɒf/ 送别 We went to the station to see her off. 我们去车站给她送行。 run away /rʌn əˈweɪ/ 逃跑 The thief tried to run away but was caught. 小偷试图逃跑但被抓住了。 go past /ɡəʊ pɑːst/ 经过 I go past the library on my way to work. 我上班路上经过图书馆。 come back /kʌm bæk/ 回来 When will you come back from London? 你什么时候从伦敦回来？ walk away /wɔːk əˈweɪ/ 走开 He just walked away without a word. 他一言不发就走开了。 move on /muːv ɒn/ 继续前行 It's time to move on and forget the past. 是时候继续前行，忘记过去了。 get back /ɡet bæk/ 返回 I'll call you when I get back home. 我回到家就给你打电话。 pass by /pɑːs baɪ/ 路过 I passed by your office yesterday but you weren't there. 我昨天路过你办公室但你不在。 【情绪与状态】 cheer up /tʃɪər ʌp/ 振作起来 Cheer up! Things will get better. 振作起来！事情会好起来的。 calm down /kɑːm daʊn/ 冷静下来 Take a deep breath and calm down. 深吸一口气，冷静下来。 break down /breɪk daʊn/ 崩溃 She broke down in tears when she heard the news. 听到消息时她崩溃大哭。 freak out /friːk aʊt/ 极度惊慌 Don't freak out. Everything is under control. 别慌张，一切都在掌控之中。 give in /ɡɪv ɪn/ 屈服 He refused to give in to pressure. 他拒绝向压力屈服。 hold on /həʊld ɒn/ 坚持住 Hold on! Help is on the way. 坚持住！救援马上就到。 let go /let ɡəʊ/ 放手 You need to let go of the past. 你需要放下过去。 settle down /ˈsetl daʊn/ 安定下来 I want to settle down and start a family. 我想安定下来组建家庭。 show off /ʃəʊ ɒf/ 炫耀 He bought a sports car just to show off. 他买跑车就是为了炫耀。 work out /wɜːk aʊt/ 锻炼 I try to work out three times a week. 我尽量每周锻炼三次。 pass out /pɑːs aʊt/ 昏倒 He almost passed out from the heat. 他热得差点昏过去。 burn out /bɜːn aʊt/ 筋疲力尽 If you keep working like this, you'll burn out. 你如果再这样工作会筋疲力尽的。 stress out /stres aʊt/ 压力过大 I'm really stressed out about the exam. 考试让我压力很大。 warm up /wɔːm ʌp/ 热身 Always warm up before you start exercising. 开始运动前一定要热身。 wind down /waɪnd daʊn/ 放松下来 I like to wind down with a good book. 我喜欢读一本好书来放松自己。 get over /ɡet ˈəʊvə/ 克服 It took her months to get over the illness. 她花了好几个月才康复。 put up with /pʊt ʌp wɪð/ 忍受 I can't put up with his bad temper anymore. 我再也忍受不了他的坏脾气了。 look forward to /lʊk ˈfɔːwəd tuː/ 期待 I look forward to meeting you in person. 我期待与你当面见面。 come around /kʌm əˈraʊnd/ 苏醒 She fainted but came around a few minutes later. 她昏了过去，但几分钟后就苏醒了。 cheer on /tʃɪər ɒn/ 鼓励 The crowd cheered on the runners. 人群为跑步者们加油鼓劲。 $