句法结构分析 课件 2027届高考英语一轮复习

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦语法核心考点，系统梳理词类、句子成分及简单句五种基本句型，严格对接高考评价体系，通过分析近五年真题明确“句子成分辨析”“句型结构应用”等高频考点权重，归纳语法填空、短文改错等常考题型的考查要求，体现备考的针对性与实用性。 课件亮点在于“例句解析+考点突破+素养提升”的复习模式，如以简单句“主谓宾补”句型为典型，通过“成分定位法”训练学生分析长难句的语言能力，结合真题例句培养逻辑思维品质。特设易错点警示（如谓语单一性、定语从句关系词选用），帮助学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依托此课件实现语法复习的高效落地，助力学生高考冲刺。

句子成分与 句法结构 语法 词法 实词 名词 动词 形容词 副词 代词 数词 虚词 冠词 介词 连词 感叹词 句法 句子成分 主语 谓语 宾语 定语 状语 补语 同位语 句型 简单句 并列句 复合句 名词性从句 定语从句 状语从句 句子种类 陈述句 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 选择疑问句 反意疑问句 祈使句 感叹句 倒装句 主语（subject) 句子所要描述或者表达的主体；动作的发出者。 可以做主语：名词，代词，动词不定式，动名词，主语从句。 The book on the shelf is a classic English novel. She graduated from a key high school last year. To master a foreign language requires daily practice. Reading aloud helps improve your oral English. That he will attend the meeting is certain. 谓语（predicate) 谓语描述主语做什么或是什么。 作谓语：动词或动词短语，也会依据不同情况带有助动词（时态，语态 ，语气）。 注意：一个简单句里面有且只有一个谓语 He runs every morning to keep healthy. We take part in various after-school activities every week.He borrowed my keys. You must finish your homework before 9 p.m. The project has been completed ahead of schedule. They are discussing the new plan in the office. The flowers in the garden smell sweet. 宾语（object) 宾语是动作的承接者，在及物动词和介词后面。 作宾语：名词，代词，不定式，动名词，宾语从句 I bought a new dictionary yesterday. Our teacher praised him for his rapid progress. I decide to take part in the national English speech contest. He practices speaking English every morning. I believe that you can get through the hard time. 定语（attribute) 定语用来修饰限定名词或者的品质，特征数量或特性。 作定语：形容词，动名词，动词不定式，分词，介词短语，定语从句 The little girl is drawing a picture on the paper. The students in our class are very hard-working. He is the right person to ask for help. The girl standing under the tree is my cousin. There is something important in today's meeting. The boy who won the first prize is my deskmate. 状语（adverbial) 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作发生的时间，地点，条件，原因，结果等等。 作状语：副词，动词不定式，分词，状语从句 I usually get up at 6:30 on school days. She works in a key middle school in the city. He was absent from school because he had a high fever. He studies hard to enter a top university. He ran so fast that no one could catch up with him. Please answer the question in your own words. 补语(complement) 对主语或宾语的身份、状态、动作进行补充说明，缺少则句意不完整。分为主语补足语（表语）和宾语补足语。（宾语和宾补是逻辑上的主谓关系） 作补语：名词，形容词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词 We elected him monitor of our class. You should keep your bedroom clean and tidy. He always leaves his things in a mess. The teacher encouraged us to speak more English in class. I heard someone singing in the next room. 同位语(appositive) 对前面的名词/代词进行解释说明，二者指代同一人/事物，语法地位完全等同。通常紧跟在被修饰词之后，常用逗号隔开。 作同位语：名词，名词短语，同位语从句 My brother, a doctor, is coming to visit me next week. My favorite writer, Jane Austen, wrote many classic novels. The news that our team won the match cheered everyone up. 简单句 简单句的5个基本句型: 主（名词）谓（不及物 intransitive verb）: Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the past decade. b.The accident happened on a cold rainy night. 主（名词）谓（及物动词 transitive verb）宾（名词）： We should appreciate every precious moment in senior high school. He managed to finish the challenging task ahead of schedule. 及物动词与不及物动词 及物动词：后面接宾语才能句意保持完整。 不及物动词：本身意义完整，不需要在后面接宾语。（如需加宾语，需要搭配介词） 简单句 简单句的5个基本句型: 3.主（名词）系（3种）表（名词，形容词，不定式，介宾） 系动词：1.Be 动词： The book is of great value to English learners. 2.感官动词（五官）：look sound smell taste feel The plan sounds perfect, but we need to test it in practice. 3.变化动词：become turn go get grow stay remain keep The leaves turned yellow overnight as the temperature dropped sharply. 简单句 简单句的5个基本句型: 4.主（名）谓（及物动词）宾（名）宾（名）（主语+谓语+人+物）： I give you money.=I give money to you. 授予动词：give，show,,bring,send,teach等等。 I will show you a picture. Tom brings me a computer. The boy sends the girl a bunch of flowers. 当动词中含有“为了....做”的含义时，用介词for，例如：make,buy,cook,leave等 My mom is cooking delicious food for me. 5.主(名）谓（及物动词）宾（名）补： The music makes me sad. I think Tom a naughty cat. 感谢观看 $