Unit 2 People and their jobs 词汇+音标+词组+例句+翻译+词汇巩固练习2026-2027学年沪教版五四学制九年级上册英语

该初中英语知识清单围绕“People and their jobs”主题，系统梳理34个核心词汇（含音标、词义、例句、派生词）和45个主题词组，构建从词汇基础到语境应用的学习支架，助力学生掌握职业相关语言知识。 知识链路以“词汇解析—词组拓展—综合应用”逻辑展开，通过例句翻译强化语言理解，派生词梳理培养构词思维，配套词性转换、语法填空等分层练习提升语言表达能力。习题设计贴近真实语境，助力学生在应用中巩固知识，发展自主学习能力。

Unit 2 People and their jobs 词汇+音标+词组+例句+翻译+词汇巩固练习 （9年级上册最新沪教版五四学制上海专用） 核心词汇（单词 + 音标 + 词义 + 例句 + 翻译 + 派生词） 1. vox pop ★ 音标：/ˌvɒks ˈpɒp/ ★ 词义：n. 街头采访 ★ 例句：The journalist did a vox pop about people's favourite festivals. ★ 翻译：这位记者就人们最喜欢的节日做了一个街头采访。 ★ 派生词：无 2. patient ★ 音标：/ˈpeɪʃnt/ ★ 词义：adj. 忍耐的；有耐心的 n. 患者；病人 ★ 例句：A good teacher must be patient with her students. ★ 翻译：一位好老师必须对她的学生有耐心。 ★ 派生词：patience (n. 耐心)；patiently (adv. 耐心地) 3. equipment ★ 音标：/ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ ★ 词义：n. 设备；装备（不可数名词） ★ 例句：We have bought some new equipment for the science lab. ★ 翻译：我们为科学实验室买了一些新设备。 ★ 派生词：equip (v. 装备) 4. requirement ★ 音标：/rɪˈkwaɪəmənt/ ★ 词义：n. 要求；必要条件 ★ 例句：Good communication is a basic requirement for this job. ★ 翻译：良好的沟通是这份工作的基本要求。 ★ 派生词：require (v. 要求；需要) 5. interior ★ 音标：/ɪnˈtɪəriə(r)/ ★ 词义：adj. 内部的 ★ 例句：The interior design of the building is very modern. ★ 翻译：这座建筑的内部设计非常现代。 ★ 派生词：interiorly (adv. 内部地) 6. architecture ★ 音标：/ˈɑːkɪtektʃə(r)/ ★ 词义：n. 建筑学；建筑术 ★ 例句：He wants to study architecture at university. ★ 翻译：他想在大学学习建筑学。 ★ 派生词：architect (n. 建筑师)；architectural (adj. 建筑的) 7. delivery ★ 音标：/dɪˈlɪvəri/ ★ 词义：n. 传送；递送 ★ 例句：The delivery of the parcel will take three days. ★ 翻译：这个包裹的递送需要三天时间。 ★ 派生词：deliver (v. 递送；发表) 8. journalist ★ 音标：/ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ ★ 词义：n. 新闻工作者；记者 ★ 例句：My aunt works as a journalist for a local newspaper. ★ 翻译：我姑姑在当地一家报社做记者。 ★ 派生词：journal (n. 杂志；日记)；journalism (n. 新闻业) 9. parcel ★ 音标：/ˈpɑːsl/ ★ 词义：n. 包裹 ★ 例句：I received a parcel from my grandparents yesterday. ★ 翻译：我昨天收到了祖父母寄来的一个包裹。 ★ 派生词：无 10. interviewee ★ 音标：/ˌɪntəvjuːˈiː/ ★ 词义：n. 接受采访者；被面试者 ★ 例句：The interviewee answered all the questions confidently. ★ 翻译：这位接受采访者自信地回答了所有问题。 ★ 派生词：interview (v./n. 采访；面试)；interviewer (n. 采访者) 11. chemistry ★ 音标：/ˈkemɪstri/ ★ 词义：n. 化学 ★ 例句：We have chemistry class every Tuesday and Thursday. ★ 翻译：我们每周二和周四有化学课。 ★ 派生词：chemical (adj. 化学的 n. 化学品)；chemist (n. 化学家；药剂师) 12. certification ★ 音标：/ˌsɜːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ ★ 词义：n. 证明；出具课程结业证书 ★ 例句：You need to get a certification to work as a lifeguard. ★ 翻译：你需要获得一份证书才能做救生员的工作。 ★ 派生词：certify (v. 证明)；certificate (n. 证书) 13. organise (AmE organize) ★ 音标：/ˈɔːɡənaɪz/ ★ 词义：v. 组织；筹备 ★ 例句：We need to organise a meeting to discuss the project. ★ 翻译：我们需要组织一次会议来讨论这个项目。 ★ 派生词：organisation (n. 组织)；organiser (n. 组织者) 14. restorer ★ 音标：/rɪˈstɔːrə(r)/ ★ 词义：n. 修补者；修复者 ★ 例句：The restorer spent months fixing the old painting. ★ 翻译：修复者花了几个月时间修复那幅旧画。 ★ 派生词：restore (v. 修复；恢复)；restoration (n. 修复) 15. restoration ★ 音标：/ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/ ★ 词义：n.（损坏的建筑物、艺术品等的）修复 ★ 例句：The restoration of the ancient building took two years. ★ 翻译：这座古建筑的修复花了两年时间。 ★ 派生词：restore (v. 修复)；restorer (n. 修复者) 16. period ★ 音标：/ˈpɪəriəd/ ★ 词义：n. 一段时间；时期 ★ 例句：We have a two-week holiday period in August. ★ 翻译：我们八月份有两周的假期。 ★ 派生词：periodic (adj. 周期的)；periodically (adv. 周期性地) 17. worm ★ 音标：/wɜːm/ ★ 词义：n. 虫子；蠕虫 ★ 例句：The bird is eating a worm. ★ 翻译：这只鸟在吃一条虫子。 ★ 派生词：wormy (adj. 生虫的) 18. damp ★ 音标：/dæmp/ ★ 词义：n. 湿气；潮湿 adj. 潮湿的 ★ 例句：There is too much damp in the old house. ★ 翻译：这座老房子里有太多湿气。 ★ 派生词：dampness (n. 潮湿) 19. professional ★ 音标：/prəˈfeʃənl/ ★ 词义：adj. 职业的；专业的 ★ 例句：You need professional help with this problem. ★ 翻译：你需要专业的帮助来解决这个问题。 ★ 派生词：profession (n. 职业)；professionally (adv. 专业地) 20. tweezers ★ 音标：/ˈtwiːzəz/ ★ 词义：n. 镊子；钳子（复数形式） ★ 例句：The doctor used tweezers to remove the small stone. ★ 翻译：医生用镊子取出了那颗小石子。 ★ 派生词：无 21. fix ★ 音标：/fɪks/ ★ 词义：v. 修理；校准；校正 ★ 例句：My dad can fix almost anything in the house. ★ 翻译：我爸爸几乎能修理家里的任何东西。 ★ 派生词：fixable (adj. 可修理的)；fixer (n. 修理者) 22. army ★ 音标：/ˈɑːmi/ ★ 词义：n. 军队 ★ 例句：His brother is in the army. ★ 翻译：他的哥哥在军队服役。 ★ 派生词：armed (adj. 武装的) 23. race ★ 音标：/reɪs/ ★ 词义：n. 赛跑；竞赛 v. 比赛 ★ 例句：She won the 100-metre race at the sports day. ★ 翻译：她在运动会上赢得了100米赛跑。 ★ 派生词：racer (n. 参赛者)；racing (n. 赛马/赛车运动) 24. extra ★ 音标：/ˈekstrə/ ★ 词义：adj. 额外的 ★ 例句：I need to do some extra homework this weekend. ★ 翻译：我这周末需要做一些额外的作业。 ★ 派生词：extra (adv. 特别地；额外) / additionally (额外) 25. background ★ 音标：/ˈbækɡraʊnd/ ★ 词义：n. 背景 ★ 例句：What is the background of this story? ★ 翻译：这个故事的历史背景是什么？ ★ 派生词：无 26. scientific ★ 音标：/ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ ★ 词义：adj. 科学的 ★ 例句：We need to use scientific methods to solve this problem. ★ 翻译：我们需要用科学的方法来解决这个问题。 ★ 派生词：science (n. 科学)；scientist (n. 科学家)；scientifically (adv. 科学地) 27. digitalisation (AmE digitalization) ★ 音标：/ˌdɪdʒɪtəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ ★ 词义：n. 数字化 ★ 例句：The digitalisation of education has changed the way we learn. ★ 翻译：教育的数字化改变了我们学习的方式。 ★ 派生词：digital (adj. 数字的)；digitalise (v. 数字化) 28. unwilling ★ 音标：/ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/ ★ 词义：adj. 不愿意的；不情愿的 ★ 例句：He is unwilling to admit his mistake. ★ 翻译：他不愿意承认自己的错误。 ★ 派生词：unwillingly (adv. 不情愿地)；unwillingness (n. 不情愿) 29. policewoman ★ 音标：/pəˈliːswʊmən/ ★ 词义：n. 女警察（pl. policewomen /pəˈliːswɪmɪn/） ★ 例句：The policewoman helped the lost child find his parents. ★ 翻译：这位女警察帮助迷路的孩子找到了父母。 ★ 派生词：police (n. 警察部队)；policeman (n. 男警察) 30. postman ★ 音标：/ˈpəʊstmən/ ★ 词义：n. 邮递员（pl. postmen /ˈpəʊstmən/） ★ 例句：The postman delivers letters every morning. ★ 翻译：邮递员每天早上送信。 ★ 派生词：post (n. 邮件；职位) 31. boss ★ 音标：/bɒs/ ★ 词义：n. 老板 ★ 例句：My boss is very kind and helpful. ★ 翻译：我的老板非常善良且乐于助人。 ★ 派生词：bossy (adj. 专横的) 32. dentist ★ 音标：/ˈdentɪst/ ★ 词义：n. 牙科医生 ★ 例句：I need to go to the dentist because my tooth hurts. ★ 翻译：我需要去看牙医，因为我的牙疼。 ★ 派生词：dentistry (n. 牙科学) 33. lawyer ★ 音标：/ˈlɔːjə(r)/ ★ 词义：n. 律师 ★ 例句：Her dream is to become a famous lawyer. ★ 翻译：她的梦想是成为一名著名的律师。 ★ 派生词：law (n. 法律) 34. fireman ★ 音标：/ˈfaɪəmən/ ★ 词义：n. 消防队员（pl. firemen /ˈfaɪəmən/） ★ 例句：The firemen saved the family from the fire. ★ 翻译：消防队员从火灾中救出了那家人。 ★ 派生词：fire (n. 火；火灾 v. 着火，解雇，开火) 词组 + 词义 + 例句 1. do a vox pop 做一次街头采访 例：The reporter did a vox pop about people's eating habits. 翻译：这位记者就人们的饮食习惯做了一次街头采访。 2. be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 例：You should be patient with young children. 翻译：你应该对小孩子有耐心。 3. a piece of equipment 一件设备 例：We need a piece of equipment for the experiment. 翻译：我们需要一件实验设备。 4. meet the requirements 满足要求 例：Your work must meet the requirements of the teacher. 翻译：你的作业必须满足老师的要求。 5. basic requirements 基本要求 例：English is a basic requirement for the job. 翻译：英语是这份工作的基本要求。 6. entry requirements 入学/入职要求 例：The entry requirements for this school are strict. 翻译：这所学校的入学要求很严格。 7. interior design 室内设计 例：She works in interior design. 翻译：她从事室内设计工作。 8. interior decorator 室内装潢师 例：My aunt is an interior decorator. 翻译：我姑姑是室内装潢师。 9. study architecture 学习建筑学 例：He wants to study architecture in London. 翻译：他想在伦敦学习建筑学。 10. modern/classical architecture 现代/古典建筑 例：I love modern architecture. 翻译：我喜欢现代建筑。 11. delivery service 递送服务 例：The delivery service is very fast. 翻译：递送服务非常快。 12. free delivery 免费送货 例：This shop offers free delivery. 翻译：这家店提供免费送货。 13. parcel delivery 包裹递送 例：Parcel delivery takes about three days. 翻译：包裹递送大约需要三天。 14. work as a journalist 做记者工作 例：She works as a journalist for a local newspaper. 翻译：她在当地一家报社做记者。 15. send/receive a parcel 寄/收包裹 例：I received a parcel from my grandparents. 翻译：我收到了祖父母寄来的包裹。 16. chemistry lab 化学实验室 例：We do experiments in the chemistry lab. 翻译：我们在化学实验室做实验。 17. chemistry class/lesson 化学课 例：We have chemistry class every Tuesday. 翻译：我们每周二有化学课。 18. get a certification 获得证书 例：You need to get a certification to teach English. 翻译：你需要获得证书才能教英语。 19. organise an event/activity 组织活动 例：We need to organise a meeting to discuss the project. 翻译：我们需要组织一次会议来讨论这个项目。 20. due to 由于；因为 例：The match was cancelled due to the heavy rain. 翻译：比赛因大雨取消了。 21. professional help 专业帮助 例：You need professional help with this problem. 翻译：你需要专业的帮助来解决这个问题。 22. fix a problem 解决问题 例：The engineer fixed the problem quickly. 翻译：工程师很快解决了这个问题。 23. fix a machine/computer 修理机器/电脑 例：My dad can fix any machine. 翻译：我爸爸能修理任何机器。 24. in the army 在军队服役 例：His brother is in the army. 翻译：他的哥哥在军队服役。 25. join the army 参军 例：He joined the army when he was 18. 翻译：他18岁时参了军。 26. win a race 赢得赛跑 例：She won the 100-metre race. 翻译：她赢得了100米赛跑。 27. extra time 额外时间 例：The teacher gave us extra time to finish the test. 翻译：老师给了我们额外时间完成测试。 28. extra homework 额外的作业 例：I need to do some extra homework this weekend. 翻译：我这周末需要做一些额外的作业。 29. background information 背景信息 例：Let me give you some background information about this topic. 翻译：让我给你一些关于这个话题的背景信息。 30. family/educational background 家庭/教育背景 例：What is your educational background? 翻译：你的教育背景是什么？ 31. scientific research 科学研究 例：The scientist is doing scientific research on plants. 翻译：这位科学家正在做关于植物的科学研究。 32. scientific methods 科学方法 例：We need to use scientific methods to solve this problem. 翻译：我们需要用科学的方法来解决这个问题。 33. be unwilling to do sth. 不愿意做某事 例：He is unwilling to admit his mistake. 翻译：他不愿意承认自己的错误。 34. go to the dentist 去看牙医 例：I need to go to the dentist because my tooth hurts. 翻译：我需要去看牙医，因为我的牙疼。 35. work as a lawyer 做律师工作 例：Her dream is to work as a famous lawyer. 翻译：她的梦想是成为一名著名的律师。 36. call the firemen 叫消防队员 例：Please call the firemen immediately. 翻译：请立即叫消防队员。 37. the firemen saved sb. from ... 消防队员从……中救出了某人 例：The firemen saved the family from the fire. 翻译：消防队员从火灾中救出了那家人。 38. a period of time 一段时间 例：We had a period of dry weather. 翻译：我们有一段干燥的天气。 39. over a period of ... 在……期间 例：The work was done over a period of three months. 翻译：这项工作是在三个月期间完成的。 40. restore ... to ... 把……修复到…… 例：The restorer restored the painting to its original state. 翻译：修复者把这幅画修复到了原来的状态。 41. a professional footballer 职业足球运动员 例：He wants to be a professional footballer. 翻译：他想成为一名职业足球运动员。 42. professional skills 专业技能 例：This job requires good professional skills. 翻译：这份工作需要良好的专业技能。 43. digitalisation of ... ……的数字化 例：The digitalisation of education has changed our learning. 翻译：教育的数字化改变了我们的学习。 44. a policewoman in uniform 穿制服的女警察 例：The policewoman in uniform is very kind. 翻译：穿制服的女警察非常和蔼。 45. deliver a parcel to sb. 把包裹递送给某人 例：The postman delivered a parcel to my house. 翻译：邮递员把一个包裹递送到了我家。 【学以致用】用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. She has great __________ (patient) and never gets angry with her students. 2. Please __________ (equipment) the lab with modern facilities. 3. The __________ (require) for this job are very strict. 4. Our school will __________ (organization) a spring outing next month. 5. The __________ (restore) of this painting took nearly a year. 6. He works as a __________ (journal) for CCTV. 7. The __________ (interview) answered all the questions bravely. 8. We are studying the __________ (chemistry) composition of water. 9. You need a __________ (certify) to teach English abroad. 10. The __________ (organize) of the event was a great success. 11. This is a __________ (profession) football club. 12. He is a famous __________ (architecture) who designed many buildings. 13. We need to find a __________ (science) way to solve this problem. 14. The __________ (digital) of libraries makes reading easier. 15. She __________ (willing) left the room because she was angry. 16. My uncle is a __________ (policewoman). He works at the police station. (注意：此处应填police与man的搭配) 17. The __________ (deliver) of the package was delayed by the storm. 18. The __________ (restore) worked carefully on the broken vase. 19. You need to learn some __________ (base) skills first. 20. The __________ (fire) saved three people from the burning building. 语法填空 2 篇 第一篇 My dream is to be a journalist. I want to interview different people and share their stories. Last week, I did a (1) __________ (vox pop) near our school. I asked (2) __________ (passerby) about their favourite jobs. One man said he wanted to be a (3) __________ (fireman) because he wanted to help people. A woman told me that she worked as a (4) __________ (dentist) and she loved her job. Another person said he was a (5) __________ (lawyer). He said that patience is very (6) __________ (importance) for his job. I also met a postman (7) __________ was very friendly. He said he enjoyed his work because he could meet many people every day. I learned that every job has its own (8) __________ (require). Some jobs need professional (9) __________ (equip), while others need good communication skills. I think being a journalist is very (10) __________ (excite) because I can learn about different lives. 第二篇 Technology is changing our world quickly. The (1) __________ (digital) of our society has made many things easier. For example, we can now study (2) __________ (chemistry) and other subjects online. However, there are also some problems. Many old people are (3) __________ (willing) to use new technology because they think it is too difficult. (4) __________ (professional) help is sometimes needed to teach them. In museums, (5) __________ (restore) of old paintings now uses new scientific methods. (6) __________ (equip) like digital cameras and computers help them work better. But we should not forget the (7) __________ (importance) of traditional skills. A good restorer still needs (8) __________ (patient) and careful hands. The (9) __________ (require) for this job are not only technical skills but also a love for art and history. Technology is a tool, (10) __________ human skills are still the most important thing. 中译英 10 题 1. 请对我们要有耐心。 ____________________________________________________________ 2. 这个职位的基本要求是会说英语。 ____________________________________________________________ 3. 他负责组织学校活动。 ____________________________________________________________ 4. 那位修复者花了三个月来修复这幅画。 ____________________________________________________________ 5. 由于大雨，比赛推迟了。 ____________________________________________________________ 6. 我哥哥在大学学习建筑学。 ____________________________________________________________ 7. 这位记者正在做一个关于垃圾分类的街头采访。 ____________________________________________________________ 8. 我们需要专业的设备和足够的时间。 ____________________________________________________________ 9. 消防队员和警察都在帮助人们。 ____________________________________________________________ 10. 学习化学需要科学的方法。 ____________________________________________________________ 答案 词性转换答案 1. patience 2. equip 3. requirements 4. organize 5. restoration 6. journalist 7. interviewee 8. chemical 9. certificate/certification 10. organisation/organization 11. professional 12. architect 13. scientific 14. digitalisation/digitalization 15. unwillingly 16. policeman 17. delivery 18. restorer 19. basic 20. firemen 语法填空第一篇答案 1. vox pop 2. passersby 3. fireman 4. dentist 5. lawyer 6. important 7. who/that 8. requirements 9. equipment 10. exciting 语法填空第二篇答案 1. digitalisation/digitalization 2. chemistry 3. unwilling 4. Professional 5. restoration 6. Equipment 7. importance 8. patience 9. requirements 10. but 中译英答案 1. Please be patient with us. 2. The basic requirement for this job is to speak English. 3. He is responsible for organising school activities. 4. The restorer spent three months restoring this painting. 5. The match was put off/cancelled due to the heavy rain. 6. My brother studies architecture at university. 7. The journalist is doing a vox pop about waste sorting. 8. We need professional equipment and enough time. 9. Both firemen and policemen are helping people. 10. Learning chemistry requires scientific methods. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $